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Articles 301 - 330 of 777

Full-Text Articles in Fluid Dynamics

Modeling Multiphase Flow And Substrate Deformation In Nanoimprint Manufacturing Systems, Andrew Cochrane Apr 2019

Modeling Multiphase Flow And Substrate Deformation In Nanoimprint Manufacturing Systems, Andrew Cochrane

Nanoscience and Microsystems ETDs

Nanopatterns found in nature demonstrate that macroscopic properties of a surface are tied to its nano-scale structure. Tailoring the nanostructure allows those macroscopic surface properties to be engineered. However, a capability-gap in manufacturing technology inhibits mass-production of nanotechnologies based on simple, nanometer-scale surface patterns. This gap represents an opportunity for research and development of nanoimprint lithography (NIL) processes. NIL is a process for replicating patterns by imprinting a fluid layer with a solid, nano-patterned template, after which ultraviolet cure solidifies the fluid resulting in a nano-patterned surface. Although NIL has been demonstrated to replicate pattern features as small as 4 …

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Implementation Of Fast Hydraulic Erosion Simulation And Visualization On Gpu, Brian Hawkins Apr 2019

Implementation Of Fast Hydraulic Erosion Simulation And Visualization On Gpu, Brian Hawkins

Computer Science Graduate Research Workshop

No abstract provided.

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Quantification Of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound, Joseph Pathoulas Apr 2019

Quantification Of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound, Joseph Pathoulas

All College Thesis Program, 2016-2019

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of manipulating ultrasound scanner settings on time-intensity curve parameters in a tube perfusion phantom system using contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging. Imaging was performed using a Philips LOGIQ E9 ultrasound scanner equipped with a C1-6VN transducer and utilized two different microbubble contrast agents: Definity and Lumason. The ultrasound scanner settings manipulated included: gain, dynamic range, and frequency. Additionally, relative microbubble concentration, microbubble type, and perfusion flow rate were manipulated. Four time-intensity curve parameters (time to peak, area under curve, gradient, peak intensity) were measured from linearized pixel data. Time to peak was …

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Capillary Migration Of Large Confined Drops In Non-Wetting Wedges, Logan John Torres Mar 2019

Capillary Migration Of Large Confined Drops In Non-Wetting Wedges, Logan John Torres

Dissertations and Theses

When confined within containers or conduits, drops and bubbles migrate to regions of minimum energy by the combined effects of surface tension, surface wetting, system geometry, and initial conditions. Such capillary phenomena are exploited for passive phase separation operations in micro-fluidic devices on earth and macro-fluidic devices aboard spacecraft. Our study focuses on the migration and ejection of large inertial-capillary drops confined between tilted planar hydrophobic substrates. In our experiments, the brief nearly weightless environment of a drop tower allows for the study of such capillary dominated behavior for up to 10 mL water drops with migration velocities up to …

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The Water Entry Of A Sphere In A Jet, Nathan B. Spiers, Jesse Belden, Zhao Pan, Sean Holekamp, George Badlissi, Matthew Jones, Tadd T. Truscott Mar 2019

The Water Entry Of A Sphere In A Jet, Nathan B. Spiers, Jesse Belden, Zhao Pan, Sean Holekamp, George Badlissi, Matthew Jones, Tadd T. Truscott

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

The forces on an object impacting the water are extreme in the early moments of water entry and can cause structural damage to biological and man-made bodies alike. These early-time forces arise primarily from added mass, peaking when the submergence is much less than one body length. We experimentally investigate a means of reducing impact forces on a rigid sphere by placing the sphere inside a jet of water so that the jet strikes the quiescent water surface prior to entry of the sphere into the pool. The water jet accelerates the pool liquid and forms a cavity into which …

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Quantifying Uncertainty Of Ensemble Transport And Dispersion Simulations Using Hysplit, Daniel W. Bazemore Mar 2019

Quantifying Uncertainty Of Ensemble Transport And Dispersion Simulations Using Hysplit, Daniel W. Bazemore

Theses and Dissertations

Uncertainty associated with determining the source location of nuclear pollutants in the atmosphere after a nuclear fallout using a numerical model is difficult to determine. Uncertainty can originate from input data (meteorological and emissions), internal model error, physics parameterizations, and stochastic processes. This study uses the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model with data from the 1983 Cross Appalachian Tracer Experiment (CAPTEX) (Ferber et al. 1986) and simulating six nuclear detonations (Rolph et al. 2014) to quantify and communicate uncertainty in ensemble dispersion simulations. This is accomplished by utilizing an ensemble of forward trajectory simulations varying initial conditions …

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Direct Numerical Simulation Of Roughness Induced Hypersonic Boundary Layer Transition On A 7° Half-Angle Cone, Tara E. Crouch Mar 2019

Direct Numerical Simulation Of Roughness Induced Hypersonic Boundary Layer Transition On A 7° Half-Angle Cone, Tara E. Crouch

Theses and Dissertations

Direct numerical simulation (DNS) computational fluid dynamic (CFD) calculations were performed on a 30° slice of 7° half-angle cones with increasing nose radii bluntness at Mach 10 while simulating a distributed roughness pattern on the cone surface. These DNS computations were designed to determine if the non-modal transition behavior observed in testing performed at the Arnold Engineering Development Center (AEDC) Hypervelocity Wind Tunnel 9 was induced via distributed surface roughness. When boundary layer transition is dominated by second mode instabilities, an increase in nose radius delays the transition location downstream. However, blunt nose experiments indicated that as the nose radius …

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Investigation Of Endwall Vortex Manipulation In High Lift Turbines Caused By Active Endwall Forcing, Horatio J. Babcock Mar 2019

Investigation Of Endwall Vortex Manipulation In High Lift Turbines Caused By Active Endwall Forcing, Horatio J. Babcock

Theses and Dissertations

With the increased demand for lighter, more fuel efficient and smaller gas turbine engines, the impetus to reduce the weight and size of the turbine has become apparent. One approach to reduce this weight is to reduce the number of blades in the turbine. However, to maintain power output, each blade must be capable of supporting a greater amount of lift. While several high-lift turbine profiles have been detailed in literature, most of these profiles have increased endwall losses, despite their desirable mid-span characteristics. To mitigate this endwall loss, a number of active and passive flow approaches have been studied …

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Schlieren Imaging And Flow Analysis On A Cone/Flare Model In The Afrl Mach 6 Ludwieg Tube Facility, David A. Labuda Mar 2019

Schlieren Imaging And Flow Analysis On A Cone/Flare Model In The Afrl Mach 6 Ludwieg Tube Facility, David A. Labuda

Theses and Dissertations

High-speed Schlieren photography was utilized to visualize flow in the Air Force Research Laboratory Mach 6 Ludwieg tube facility. A 7° half-angle cone/flare model with variable nosetip radius and flare angle options was used in the study. Testing was performed at two driver tube pressures, generating freestream Reynolds numbers of 10.0x106 and 19.8x106 per meter. The variable-angle flare portion of the model provided a method for adjusting the intensity of the adverse pressure gradient at the cone/flare junction. As expected from existing literature, boundary layer separation along the cone frustum occurred further upstream as the magnitude of the …

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Tracking Shock Movement On The Surface Of An Oscillating, Straked Semispan Delta Wing, Justin A. Pung Mar 2019

Tracking Shock Movement On The Surface Of An Oscillating, Straked Semispan Delta Wing, Justin A. Pung

Theses and Dissertations

A recent research effort, sponsored by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, numerically investigated the unsteady aerodynamic flow field around an oscillating, straked, delta wing. The study was centered on determining the importance of the unsteady aerodynamic forces acting as a driver for a nonlinear motion known as limit cycle oscillations. The current effort focused on creating a computational model to compare to the results of previous tests and modeling efforts and discover new information regarding the onset of LCO. The computational model was constructed using the Cartesian overset capabilities of the CREATE-AV™ fixed wing fluid dynamics solver Kestrel. …

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Examination Of Flow Dynamics And Passive Cooling In An Ultra Compact Combustor, Tylor C. Rathsack Mar 2019

Examination Of Flow Dynamics And Passive Cooling In An Ultra Compact Combustor, Tylor C. Rathsack

Theses and Dissertations

The Ultra Compact Combustor (UCC) promises to greatly reduce the size of a gas turbine engine’s combustor by altering the manner in which fuel is burnt. Differing from the common axial flow combustor, the UCC utilizes a rotating flow, coaxial to the engine’s primary axis, in an outboard circumferential cavity as the primary combustion zone. The present study investigates two key UCC facets required to further this combustor design. The first area of investigation is cooling of the Hybrid Guide Vane (HGV). This UCC specific hardware acts as a combustor center body that alters the exit flow angle and acts …

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Analytical Models And Control Design Approaches For A 6 Dof Motion Test Apparatus, Kyra L. Schmidt Mar 2019

Analytical Models And Control Design Approaches For A 6 Dof Motion Test Apparatus, Kyra L. Schmidt

Theses and Dissertations

Wind tunnels play an indispensable role in the process of aircraft design, providing a test bed to produce valuable, accurate data that can be extrapolated to actual flight conditions. Historically, time-averaged data has made up the bulk of wind tunnel research, but modern flight design necessitates the use of dynamic wind tunnel testing to provide time-accurate data for high frequency motion. This research explores the use of a 6 degree of freedom (DOF) motion test apparatus (MTA) in the form of a robotic arm to allow models inside a subsonic wind tunnel to track prescribed trajectories to obtain time-accurate force …

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Wall Model Large Eddy Simulation Of A Diffusing Serpentine Inlet Duct, Ryan J. Thompson Mar 2019

Wall Model Large Eddy Simulation Of A Diffusing Serpentine Inlet Duct, Ryan J. Thompson

Theses and Dissertations

The modeling focus on serpentine inlet ducts (S-duct), as with any inlet, is to quantify the total pressure recovery and ow distortion after the inlet, which directly impacts the performance of a turbine engine fed by the inlet. Accurate prediction of S-duct ow has yet to be achieved amongst the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) community to improve the reliance on modeling reducing costly testing. While direct numerical simulation of the turbulent ow in an S-duct is too cost prohibitive due to grid scaling with Reynolds number, wall-modeled large eddy simulation (WM-LES) serves as a tractable alternative. US3D, a hypersonic research …

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Initial Stage Of Fluid-Structure Interaction Of A Celestial Icosahedron Shaped Vacuum Lighter Than Air Vehicle, Dustin P. Graves Mar 2019

Initial Stage Of Fluid-Structure Interaction Of A Celestial Icosahedron Shaped Vacuum Lighter Than Air Vehicle, Dustin P. Graves

Theses and Dissertations

The analysis of a celestial icosahedron geometry is considered as a potential design for a Vacuum Lighter than Air Vehicle (VLTAV). The goal of the analysis is ultimately to understand the initial fluid-structure interaction of the VLTAV and the surrounding airflow. Up to this point, previous research analyzed the celestial icosahedron VLTAV in relation to withstanding a symmetric sea-level pressure applied to the membrane of the structure. This scenario simulates an internal vacuum being applied in the worst-case atmospheric environmental condition. The next step in analysis is to determine the aerodynamic effects of the geometry. The experimental setup for obtaining …

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Computational Aerothermodynamic Analysis Of Satellite Trans-Atmospheric Skip Entry Survivability, John J. Runco Mar 2019

Computational Aerothermodynamic Analysis Of Satellite Trans-Atmospheric Skip Entry Survivability, John J. Runco

Theses and Dissertations

Computational aerothermodynamic analysis is presented for a spacecraft in low Earth orbit performing an atmospheric skip entry maneuver. Typically, atmospheric reentry is a terminal operation signaling mission end-of-life and, in some instances, executed for spacecraft disposal. A variation on reentry – skip entry – is an aeroassisted trans-atmospheric maneuver in which a spacecraft utilizes the effects of aerodynamic drag in order to reduce energy prior to a terminal entry, pinpoint a targeted entry, or change orbital elements such as inclination. Spacecraft performing a skip entry enable new modes of maneuver to enhance operations in nominal or possibly contested mission environments. …

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Jet Rebound From Hydrophobic Substrates In Microgravity, Karl Jeffrey Theodore Cardin Mar 2019

Jet Rebound From Hydrophobic Substrates In Microgravity, Karl Jeffrey Theodore Cardin

Dissertations and Theses

We experimentally investigate the phenomena of large jet rebound, a mode of fluid transfer following oblique jet impacts on hydrophobic substrates. We initially seek to describe the jet rebound regimes in tests conducted in the weightless environment of a drop tower. A parametric study reveals the dependence of the flow structure on the relevant dimensionless groups such as Reynolds number and Weber number defined on the velocity component perpendicular to the substrate. We show that significantly larger diameter jets behave similarly as much smaller jets demonstrated during previous terrestrial investigations is some parameter ranges while the flow is fundamentally different …

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Optimal Homotopy Asymptotic Solution For Thermal Radiation And Chemical Reaction Effects On Electrical Mhd Jeffrey Fluid Flow Over A Stretching Sheet Through Porous Media With Heat Source, Gossaye Aliy, Naikoti Kishan Mar 2019

Optimal Homotopy Asymptotic Solution For Thermal Radiation And Chemical Reaction Effects On Electrical Mhd Jeffrey Fluid Flow Over A Stretching Sheet Through Porous Media With Heat Source, Gossaye Aliy, Naikoti Kishan

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In this paper, the problem of thermal radiation and chemical reaction effects on electrical MHD Jeffrey fluid flow over a stretching surface through a porous medium with the heat source is presented. We obtained the approximate analytical solution of the nonlinear differential equations governing the problem using the Optimal Homotopy Asymptotic Method (OHAM). Comparison of results has been made with the numerical solutions from the literature, and a very good agreement has been observed. Subsequently, effects of governing parameters of the velocity, temperature and concentration profiles are presented graphically and discussed.

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Mhd Boundary Layer Flow Of Darcy-Forchheimer Mixed Convection In A Nanofluid Saturated Porous Media With Viscous Dissipation, S. Jagadha, P. Amrutha Mar 2019

Mhd Boundary Layer Flow Of Darcy-Forchheimer Mixed Convection In A Nanofluid Saturated Porous Media With Viscous Dissipation, S. Jagadha, P. Amrutha

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

The steady laminar viscous incompressible nanofluid flow of mixed convection and mass transfer about an isothermal vertical flat plate embedded in Darcy porous medium in the presence of magnetic field and viscous dissipation is analyzed. The governing partial differential equations are converted into ordinary differential equations by similarity transformations. The coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations are linearized by Quasi-linearization technique. The linear ordinary differential equations are solved by using implicit finite difference scheme with the help of C-programming. Numerical calculations are carried out for different values of dimensionless parameter such as magnetic field, mixed convection parameter, inertia parameter, buoyancy ratio …

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Water Entry Of Spheres At Various Contact Angles, Nathan B. Spiers, Mohammad M. Mansoor, Jesse Belden, Tadd T. Truscott Jan 2019

Water Entry Of Spheres At Various Contact Angles, Nathan B. Spiers, Mohammad M. Mansoor, Jesse Belden, Tadd T. Truscott

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

It is well known that the water entry of a sphere causes cavity formation above a critical impact velocity as a function of the solid-liquid contact angle (Duez et al. 2007). Using a rough sphere with a contact angle of 120◦, Aristoff & Bush (2009) showed that there are four different cavity shapes dependent on the Bond and Weber numbers (i.e., quasi-static, shallow, deep and surface). We experimentally alter the Bond number, Weber number and contact angle of smooth spheres and find two key additions to the literature: 1) Cavity shape also depends on the contact angle; 2) …

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Temporal And Spatial Scaling Of Dissipation Under Non-Breaking Surface Waves, Mingming Shao, Brian K. Haus, Darek Bogucki, Mohammad Barzegar Jan 2019

Temporal And Spatial Scaling Of Dissipation Under Non-Breaking Surface Waves, Mingming Shao, Brian K. Haus, Darek Bogucki, Mohammad Barzegar

Supplementary Data and Tools

This dataset is associated to the NSF OCE/Physical Oceanography funded project “Laboratory Investigation of Turbulence Generation by Surface Waves”. There are three papers in preparation that will refer to data contained within this archive. The overarching goal of this project was to address a significant knowledge gap regarding the turbulent dissipation of non-breaking surface waves. To accomplish this, a comprehensive study in the SUrge-STructure-Atmosphere-INteraction (SUSTAIN) wind-wave laboratory at the University of Miami was conducted. A combination of established measurement approaches (Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and Vertical Microstructure Profiler (VMP)) and new technologies (Optical Turbulence Sensor (OTS)) have been used carry …

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Memory In A Contact Line, Charity Lizardo, Esmeralda Orozco, Audrey Profeta, Nathan C. Keim Jan 2019

Memory In A Contact Line, Charity Lizardo, Esmeralda Orozco, Audrey Profeta, Nathan C. Keim

STAR Program Research Presentations

We study the behavior of the liquid-solid-vapor contact line of water held in a narrow gap between two plates. A syringe pump injects and withdraws a constant, small volume of the water, driving the contact line back and forth repeatedly and changing its shape. We take photos of the contact line after each cycle. Comparing subsequent images to each other, we find that after several cycles the contact line reaches one of two steady states: a reversible steady state, where the shape is not changing, or a fluctuating steady state, where the shape continues to change slightly. Experiments on acrylic …

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A Study Of Several Applications Of Parallel Computing In The Sciences Using Petsc, Nicholas Stegmeier Jan 2019

A Study Of Several Applications Of Parallel Computing In The Sciences Using Petsc, Nicholas Stegmeier

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The importance of computing in the natural sciences continues to grow as scientists strive to analyze complex phenomena. The dynamics of turbulence, astrophysics simulations, and climate change are just a few examples where computing is critical. These problems are computationally intractable on all computing platforms except supercomputers, necessitating the continued development of efficient algorithms and methodologies in parallel computing. This thesis investigates the use of parallel computing and mathematical modeling in the natural sciences through several applications, namely computational fluid dynamics for impinging jets in mechanical engineering, simulation of biofilms in an aqueous environment in mathematical biology, and the solution …

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Equatorial Wave–Current Interactions, Adrian Constantin, Rossen Ivanov Jan 2019

Equatorial Wave–Current Interactions, Adrian Constantin, Rossen Ivanov

Articles

We study the nonlinear equations of motion for equatorial wave–current interactions in the physically realistic setting of azimuthal two-dimensional inviscid flows with piecewise constant vorticity in a two-layer fluid with a flat bed and a free surface. We derive a Hamiltonian formulation for the nonlinear governing equations that is adequate for structure-preserving perturbations, at the linear and at the nonlinear level. Linear theory reveals some important features of the dynamics, highlighting differences between the short- and long-wave regimes. The fact that ocean energy is concentrated in the long-wave propagation modes motivates the pursuit of in-depth nonlinear analysis in the long-wave …

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Surface Waves Over Currents And Uneven Bottom, Alan Compelli, Rossen Ivanov, Calin I. Martin, Michail D. Todorov Jan 2019

Surface Waves Over Currents And Uneven Bottom, Alan Compelli, Rossen Ivanov, Calin I. Martin, Michail D. Todorov

Articles

The propagation of surface water waves interacting with a current and an uneven bottom is studied. Such a situation is typical for ocean waves where the winds generate currents in the top layer of the ocean. The role of the bottom topography is taken into account since it also influences the local wave and current patterns. Specific scaling of the variables is selected which leads to approximations of Boussinesq and KdV types. The arising KdV equation with variable coefficients, dependent on the bottom topography, is studied numerically when the initial condition is in the form of the one soliton solution …

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Optimization And Control Of Arrays Of Wave Energy Converters, Jianyang Lyu Jan 2019

Optimization And Control Of Arrays Of Wave Energy Converters, Jianyang Lyu

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Wave Energy Converter Array is a practical approach to harvest ocean wave energy. To leverage the potential of the WEC array in terms of energy extraction, it is essential to have a properly designed array configuration and control system. This thesis explores the optimal configuration of Wave Energy Converters (WECs) arrays and their optimal control. The optimization of the WEC array allows both dimensions of individual WECs as well as the array layout to varying. In the first optimization problem, cylindrical buoys are assumed in the array where their radii and drafts are optimization parameters. Genetic Algorithms are used for …

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Microfluidic Study Of Gravity-Driven Drainage And Coalescence Of Aqueous Two Dimensional Foams, Justin D. Heftel Jan 2019

Microfluidic Study Of Gravity-Driven Drainage And Coalescence Of Aqueous Two Dimensional Foams, Justin D. Heftel

Dissertations and Theses

Foams, a two-phase dispersion, are staples of the cosmetic, personal care, petroleum, pharmaceutical, and other industries. Central to these applications is the stability of the dispersion against separation. Foams break down by two mechanisms: the first is bubble coalescence, which is driven by the gravity drainage of the continuous phase. The drainage acts to push the bubbles against each other, and leads to the formation of thin lamellae, which break and cause the coalescence. The second is the mass transfer of the dispersed phase through the continuous phase, which is caused by the difference in pressures between the bubbles and …

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Giardia Lamblia Growth In Viscoelastic Fluids, Kelly Watanabe Jan 2019

Giardia Lamblia Growth In Viscoelastic Fluids, Kelly Watanabe

CMC Senior Theses

Giardia lamblia is a single-celled protozoan parasite that when ingested, causes diarrheal disease and infects 33% of people in developing countries. Previous studies observe Giardia in water-like fluids, but Giardia's infectious environment consists of viscoelastic mucus in the small intestine. Therefore, Giardia was cultured in viscoelastic fluids, and its population growth was observed in vitro. To create shear-thinning viscoelastic fluids, 0.2% and 0.4% long-chain polyacrylamide (LCPAM) was added to cell culture media. Giardia was cultured in control media, 0.2% LCPAM, and 0.4% LCPAM, and population growth was quantitatively determined over time. Increasing LCPAM concentration resulted in a solution with …

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Aerosol-Cloud Interactions In Turbulent Clouds: A Combined Cloud Chamber And Theoretical Study, Kamal Kant Chandrakar Jan 2019

Aerosol-Cloud Interactions In Turbulent Clouds: A Combined Cloud Chamber And Theoretical Study, Kamal Kant Chandrakar

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The influence of aerosol concentration on the cloud droplet size distribution is investigated in a laboratory chamber that enables turbulent cloud formation through moist convection. In chapter 2, moist Rayleigh-Bénard convection with water saturated boundaries is explored using a one-dimensional-turbulence model. This study provides some background about supersaturation statistics in moist convection. Chapters 3 - 7 discuss the experimental and theoretical investigation of aerosol-cloud interactions and cloud droplet size-distributions in turbulent conditions. The experiments are performed in a way so that steady-state microphysics are achieved, with aerosol input balanced by cloud droplet growth and fallout. As aerosol concentration is increased …

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Light Propagation Through A Turbulent Cloud: Comparison Of Measured And Computed Extinction, Eduardo Rodriguez-Feo Bermudez Jan 2019

Light Propagation Through A Turbulent Cloud: Comparison Of Measured And Computed Extinction, Eduardo Rodriguez-Feo Bermudez

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Remote sensing techniques used for measurement of atmospheric cloud properties operate under the notion that light extinction caused by scattering and absorption is exponential due to Beer-Lambert law. This is expected to be valid for a uni-form medium with no spatial correlations between particle position. The aim of this research was to show that under turbulent conditions, cloud droplets cannot be interpreted as non-correlated, and in turn will exhibit a lower than exponential light decay from scattering. The research took place at the MTU π-Chamber laboratory. A temperature difference between the floor and ceiling of the chamber was applied to …

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Adhesion At Solid/Liquid Interfaces, Neda Ojaghlou Jan 2019

Adhesion At Solid/Liquid Interfaces, Neda Ojaghlou

Theses and Dissertations

The adhesion at solid/liquid interface plays a fundamental role in diverse fields and helps explain the structure and physical properties of interfaces, at the atomic scale, for example in catalysis, crystal growth, lubrication, electrochemistry, colloidal system, and in many biological reactions. Unraveling the atomic structure at the solid/liquid interface is, therefore, one of the major challenges facing the surface science today to understand the physical processes in the phenomena such as surface coating, self-cleaning, and oil recovery applications. In this thesis, a variety of theory/computational methods in statistical physics and statistical mechanics are used to improve understanding of water adhesion …

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