Dentistry Commons^™

Root Analogue Implant Creation: Establishing Procedures For The General Dentist, Alicia Hazdovac, Sarah Osborne, Gary D. Richards

Excellence Day

The possibility of replacing damaged teeth with custom-made root analogue implants was initially suggested around 1969 and reintroduced by Lungren et al. in 1992. The latter authors created custom implants in titanium and reported good osteointegration and aesthetic results. Following this effort there has been an increasing focus on custom root analogue implants as a replacement for ‘screw-type’ implants. Given the availability of software to manipulate 3D image data and the rapid rise of 3D printing technology, the question arises as to whether a general dentist can produce their own implants. Here we test the feasibility of practitioners producing custom …

The Role Of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (Ahr) Signaling Pathway In Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (Oscc): Preliminary Results., Renee Lee, Cui Xu, Leticia Ferreira, Ana Carolina Morandini, Erivan Ramos-Junior

Excellence Day

OBJECTIVES: A large number of experimental and clinical studies suggest that the origin of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is linked to environmental carcinogenesis (tobacco, alcohol). Among these environmental factors, cigarette smoking is the most studied and has been associated with increased susceptibility to OSCC by activating signaling pathways responsible for cancer initiation and progression. Besides nicotine, cigarette smoke also contains aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists, such as dioxin and benzo(a)pyrene. Aberrant AhR expression and AhR pathway activation are involved in several types of cancer. However, the relationship between AhR pathway activation and oral cancer progression is still unclear.

Genes Associated With Mandibular Prognathism In The Chinese Population, Jacqueline Payne, Marie Tolarova M.D., Ph.D., D.Sc.

Excellence Day

Mandibular prognathism (MP) is the relationship of the mandible anteriorly positioned in relation to the cranial base. The prevalence of MP in Asians is estimated to be 15%, whereas American and European descent exhibit a 5% prevalence. Orthodontic treatment is lengthy and challenging, and severe cases require surgical intervention. However, when a treatment is planned well, the outcomes are predominantly successful. It has been known that genetics are involved in the etiology of prognathism and that greater genetic contribution corresponds to greater challenges to treatment. Thus, there is a desire to determine genes involved in the etiology of prognathism.

Socio-Economic Factors That May Contribute To Etiology Of Orofacial Clefts., Shubdeep Kaur, Mahsa Mortazavi, Geethapriya Kumar, Marie M. Tolarova

Excellence Day

Association of socio-economic status (SES) with congenital anomalies and diseases has been studied for many years. Under the umbrella of SES are several factors and they vary in different parts of the world due to differences in climate, ethnicity, and culture.

The purpose of this systematic review was to determine associations between various risk factors related to SES and prevalence of orofacial clefts (OFC).

Orofacial Clefts In The Middle Eastern Countries – A Systematic Review, Mahsa Mortazavi, Marie M. Tolarova

Excellence Day

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of orofacial clefts (OFC) in the Middle East. Recent studies of etiology of OFC in populations of different countries characterized by a specific cultural, religious, or socioeconomic status revealed that different environmental and genetic factors may participate in their etiology.

Distribution Of Malocclusions In Middle East Countries: A Systematic Review., Mahsa Mortazavi, Marie M. Tolarova

Excellence Day

High prevalence, multifactorial etiology and the effect on the esthetic, function and quality of life, make the malocclusions as a subject of debate for many years. Regarding the important role of malocclusion in treatment approaches, policy making in health organizations and understanding the etiology factors, this literature review was performed with the purpose of determining the prevalence and distribution of malocclusion in region of the Middle East.

Case Report: Use Of Non-Ridgid Connector, Veniamin Dronov

Excellence Day

Long span bridges have a tendency to experience harmful stress due to the increased surface area and of the restoration. These stresses can cause several problems including failure of the restoration or cause significant discomfort to the patient.

Treatment Planning: Facially Generated, Digitally Guided, Manually Fabricated Smile Design, Neal Atul Patel

Excellence Day

A clinical case presentation of a smile design that consists of 10 units of minimally invasive indirect restorations.

Longitudinal Cephalometric Study Of Untreated Subjects With Different Facial Types, Divya Vadlamudi, Shalaka Desai, Ambika Arun, Bhuvaneshwari Tatikonda, Shreya Penukonda, Apurva Dabak, Cindy Kim, Mai Nguyen, Heesoo Oh

Excellence Day

To examine the craniofacial morphological characteristics of different facial types based on vertical dysplasia in untreated subjects from the ages of 8 to 18.

Changes In Airway Volume In Adult Patients Following Orthodontic Treatment With Premolar Extractions Versus Non-Extraction, Sunny Jisun Lee, Allison Kawata, Hayoung Michael Shin, David Chambers, Joorok Park, Heesoo Oh

Excellence Day

Recent concerns about the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and its negative sequelae have led to investigations of how manipulation of the dentofacial complex may affect airway problems. CBCT can be used to measure airway dimensions of patients. Extraction of premolars is indicated as part of orthodontic treatment for patients who have severe crowding or protrusion of incisors. Some have suggested that the reduction in arch circumference after premolar extraction would lead to decreased airway volume, which may predispose a patient for sleep disordered breathing (SDB). The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a significant …

Changes In Cephalometric Measurements In Adult Patients Following Orthodontic Treatment With Premolar Extractions Versus Non-Extraction, Byron Chou, David Dang, Adrienne Joy, David Chambers, Joorok Park, Heesoo Oh

Excellence Day

Extraction of premolars is indicated as part of orthodontic treatment for patients who have severe crowding or protrusion of incisors. CBCT can be used to locate cephalometric landmarks in 3D. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are differences in sagittal, transverse, and vertical skeletal and dental dimensions for adult patients who were treated with premolar extractions in conjunction with orthodontic treatment compared to those who received orthodontic treatment without extractions.

Condylar Degeneration In Patients With Dental Open Bite Versus Skeletal Open Bite Utilizing Cbct, Alex Rauchle, Alston Trinh, Linda Phi, Brad Albertson, Joorok Park, Heesoo Oh

Excellence Day

Idiopathic condylar resorption (ICR) is a condition in which either one or both condyles undergo degeneration. Bilateral TMJ involvement presents as a clockwise rotation of the mandible in the posterior-inferior direction, resulting in an anterior open bite. The purpose of the study was to assess TMJ condylar degeneration in dental open bites compared to skeletal open bites.

Insight - April 2018, Dugoni School Of Dentistry

Insight

Whether you are involved in clinical research, biomedical research, the scholarship of teaching and learning, improvement of the health care system, or professional partnerships that advance the field, we aim to spotlight the work of people at the Dugoni School.

Contact Point, Arthur A. Dugoni School Of Dentistry

Contact Point

No abstract provided.

Salivary Biomarkers For The Diagnosis And Monitoring Of Neurological Diseases, R. Farah, H. Haraty, Z. Salame, Y. Fares, David M. Ojcius, N. Said Sadier

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

Current research efforts on neurological diseases are focused on identifying novel disease biomarkers to aid in diagnosis, provide accurate prognostic information and monitor disease progression. With advances in detection and quantification methods in genomics, proteomics and metabolomics, saliva has emerged as a good source of samples for detection of disease biomarkers. Obtaining a sample of saliva offers multiple advantages over the currently tested biological fluids as it is a non-invasive, painless and simple procedure that does not require expert training or harbour undesirable side effects for the patients. Here, we review the existing literature on salivary biomarkers and examine their …

Trident - March 2018, Dugoni School Of Dentistry

Trident

The newsletter of the Dugoni School of Dentistry orthodontics alumni association.

Demetallization Of Enterococcus Faecalis Biofilm: A Preliminary Study, Carlos Estrela, Rodrigo Costa E Silva, Roberta Cerasi Urban, Pablo Jose Gonçalves, Julio A. Silva, Jesus Djalma Pecora, Ove A. Peters

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Objectives: To determine the concentration of calcium, iron, manganese and zinc ions after the application of chelator to Enterococcus faecalis biofilms.

Material and Methods: Fifty bovine maxillary central incisors were prepared and inoculated with E. faecalis for 60 days. The following were used as irrigation solutions: 17% EDTA (pH 3, 7 and 10), 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) combined with 17% EDTA (pH 3, 7 and 10), distilled water (pH 3, 7 and 10), and 2.5% NaOCl. Each solution was kept in the root canal for five minutes. Fifteen uncontaminated root canals were irrigated with 17% EDTA (pH 3, 7 and …

Insight - January 2018, Dugoni School Of Dentistry

Insight

Whether you are involved in clinical research, biomedical research, the scholarship of teaching and learning, improvement of the health care system, or professional partnerships that advance the field, we aim to spotlight the work of people at the Dugoni School.

Comparison Of Expression Of The Gdnf Family Neurotrophic Factors In Dental Pulp Stem Cells With Deciduous And Adult Teeth, Kamille Mercado, Nan (Tori) Xiao

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

The glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family has a role in neuron growth within the peripheral and central nervous systems. This makes it a potential therapeutic agent for neurological conditions like Parkinson’s disease and epilepsy. GDNF has also been implicated in murine odontogenesis. In permanent and deciduous human dental pulp stem cells, this study found that GDNF family members and receptors are expressed, indicating neurotrophic factors may play a role in dental pulp regeneration.

Mineral Particles Stimulate Innate Immunity Through Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Containing Hmgb1., Hsin-Hsin Peng, Yu-Ju Liu, David M. Ojcius, Chiou-Mei Lee, Ren-Hao Chen, Pei-Rong Huang, Jan Martel, John D. Young

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Calcium phosphate-based mineralo-organic particles form spontaneously in the body and may represent precursors of ectopic calcification. We have shown earlier that these particles induce activation of caspase-1 and secretion of IL-1β by macrophages. However, whether the particles may produce other effects on immune cells is unclear. Here, we show that these particles induce the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in a size-dependent manner by human neutrophils. Intracellular production of reactive oxygen species is required for particle-induced NET release by neutrophils. NETs contain the high-mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1), a DNA-binding protein capable of inducing secretion of TNF-α by a …

Nadph Oxidase 4 Modulates Hepatic Responses To Lipopolysaccharide Mediated By Toll-Like Receptor-4., Anand Singh, Bhargav Koduru, Cameron Carlisle, Hasina Akhter, Rui-Ming Liu, Katrin Schroder, Ralf P. Brandes, David M. Ojcius

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Chronic inflammation plays a key role in development of many liver diseases. Stimulation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) initiates inflammation and promotes development of hepatocellular carcinoma and other liver diseases. NADPH oxidases contribute to LPS-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and modulate TLR responses, but whether these enzymes function in TLR4 responses of hepatocytes is unknown. In the present work, we examined the role of NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) in LPS-induced TLR4 responses in human hepatoma cells and wildtype and Nox4-deficient mice. We found that LPS increased expression of Nox4, TNF-α, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen …

The P2x7 Receptor Mediates Toxoplasma Gondii Control In Macrophages Through Canonical Nlrp3 Inflammasome Activation And Reactive Oxygen Species Production, Aline Cristina Abreu Moreira-Souza, Cassio Luiz Coutinho Almeida-Da-Silva, Thuany Prado Rangel, Gabrielle Da Costa Rocha, Maria Bellio, Dario Simões Zamboni, Rossiane Claudia Vommaro, Robson Coutinho-Silva

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Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is the protozoan parasite that causes toxoplasmosis, a potentially fatal disease to immunocompromised patients, and which affects approximately 30% of the world's population. Previously, we showed that purinergic signaling via the P2X7 receptor contributes to T. gondii elimination in macrophages, through reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lysosome fusion with the parasitophorous vacuole. Moreover, we demonstrated that P2X7 receptor activation promotes the production of anti-parasitic pro-inflammatory cytokines during early T. gondii infection in vivo. However, the cascade of signaling events that leads to parasite elimination via P2X7 receptor activation remained to be elucidated. Here, we investigated …

Insight - October 2017, Dugoni School Of Dentistry

Insight

Insight is a quarterly newsletter celebrating some of the many accomplishments from the community of researchers at University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry. (Note, some links require a login/password)

Contact Point, Arthur A. Dugoni School Of Dentistry

Contact Point

No abstract provided.

2016-2017 Academic Year In Review, Dugoni School Of Dentistry

Dugoni Academic Year in Review

Highlights of academic programs, clinical services, research, community outreach and other areas of University of the Pacific's Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry.

Trident - August 2017, Dugoni School Of Dentistry

Trident

The newsletter of the Pacific Orthodontic Alumni Chapter at University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry

Differential Diagnosis And Clinical Management Of Periapical Radiopaque/Hyperdense Jaw Lesions, Bruno Santos Freitas Silva, Mike Reis Bueno, Fernanda P. Yamamoto-Silva, Ricardo Santiago Gomez, Ove A. Peters, Carlos Estrela

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Great attention has been given to the study of radiolucent periapical lesions to avert possible misdiagnosis of apical periodontitis associated with certain radiolucent non-endodontic lesions. However, there are a significant number of radiopaque lesions found in the periapical region, which could be equally relevant to endodontic practice. The diagnosis and management of these radiopaque/hyperdense lesions could be challenging to the endodontist. These bone alterations could be neoplastic, dysplastic or of metabolic origin. In the context of the more widespread use of cone-beam CT, a detailed review of radiopaque inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions is timely and may aid clinicians perform a …

19th Annual Pacific Research Day Abstracts, University Of The Pacific

Excellence Day

No abstract provided.

Idiopathic Condylar Resorption: The Current Understanding In Diagnosis And Treatment, Andrew L. Young

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

Idiopathic condylar resorption (ICR) is a condition with no known cause, which manifests as progressive malocclusion, esthetic changes, and often pain. Cone‑beam computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are the most valuable imaging methods for diagnosis and tracking, compared to the less complete and more distorted images provided by panoramic radiographs, and the higher radiation of ^99mtechnetium‑methylene diphosphonate. ICR has findings that overlap with osteoarthritis, inflammatory arthritis, physiologic resorption/remodeling, congenital disorders affecting the mandible, requiring thorough image analysis, physical examination, and history‑taking. Correct diagnosis and determination of whether the ICR is active or inactive are essential when orthodontic or …

Pro And Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Levels (Tnf- , Il-1 , Il-6 Andil-10) In Rat Model Of Neuroma, Junad Khan, Noboru Noma, Andrew L. Young, Davis Thomas

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Traumatic neuroma is neuronal tissue proliferation developed in a nerve injury site, often associatedwith increased sensitivity and spontaneous or evoked neuropathic pain. The mechanisms leading to the disorganized nerve proliferation are not completely understood, though inflammation in the injured nerve vicinity most likely has a role in the process. Inflammatory cytokines are also known to be involvedin the maintenance and development of post-traumatic and neuropathic pain. The goal of this study wasto quantify and compare pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines (TNF- , IL-1 , IL-6 and IL-10) levels innerves that formed neuromas and nerves that did not, following sciatic nerve transection. …