Dentistry Commons^™

Vwa Proteins Of Leptospira Interrogans Induce Hemorrhage In Leptospirosis By Competitive Inhibition Of Vwf/Gpib-Mediated Platelet Aggregation., Jia-Qi Fang, Muhammad Imran, Wei-Lin Hu, David M. Ojcius, Yang Li, Yu-Mei Ge, Kai-Xuan Li, Xu'ai Lin, Jie Yan

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

BACKGROUD: Leptospira interrogans is the major causative agent of leptospirosis, a worldwide zoonotic disease. Hemorrhage is a typical pathological feature of leptospirosis. Binding of von Willebrand factor (vWF) to platelet glycoprotein-Ibα (GPIbα) is a crucial step in initiation of platelet aggregation. The products of L. interrogans vwa-I and vwa-II genes contain vWF-A domains, but their ability to induce hemorrhage has not been determined.

METHODS: Human (Hu)-platelet- and Hu-GPIbα-binding abilities of the recombinant proteins expressed by L. interrogans strain Lai vwa-I and vwa-II genes (rLep-vWA-I and rLep-vWA-II) were detected by flowcytometry, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). Hu-platelet …

Src-Family Kinase-Cbl Axis Negatively Regulates Nlrp3 Inflammasome Activation., I-Che Chung, Sheng-Ning Yuan, Chun-Nan Ouyang, Hsin-Chung Lin, Kuo-Yang Huang, Yu-Jen Chen, An-Ko Chung, Ching-Liang Chu, David M. Ojcius, Yu-Sun Chang, Lih-Chyang Chen

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is crucial for immune defense, but improper and excessive activation causes inflammatory diseases. We previously reported that Pyk2 is essential for NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Here we show that the Src-family kinases (SFKs)-Cbl axis plays a pivotal role in suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation in response to stimulation by nigericin or ATP, as assessed using gene knockout and gene knockdown cells, dominant active/negative mutants, and pharmacological inhibition. We reveal that the phosphorylation of Cbl is regulated by SFKs, and that phosphorylation of Cbl at Tyr371 suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Mechanistically, Cbl decreases the level of phosphorylated Pyk2 …

Dugoni School Year In Review 2017-2018, Dugoni School Of Dentistry

Dugoni Academic Year in Review

Highlights of academic programs, clinical services, research, community outreach and other areas of University of the Pacific's Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry.

Contact Point Autumn 2018, Arthur A. Dugoni School Of Dentistry

Contact Point

No abstract provided.

Insight - October 2018, Dugoni School Of Dentistry

Insight

Whether you are involved in clinical research, biomedical research, the scholarship of teaching and learning, improvement of the health care system, or professional partnerships that advance the field, we aim to spotlight the work of people at the Dugoni School.

Nlrx1 Modulates Differentially Nlrp3 Inflammasome Activation And Nf-Κb Signaling During Fusobacterium Nucleatum Infection, Shu Chen Hung, Pei Rong Huang, Cassio Luiz Coutinho Almeida-Da-Silva, Kalina R. Atanasova, Ozlem Yilmaz, David M. Ojcius

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

NOD-like receptors (NLRs) play a large role in regulation of host innate immunity, yet their role in periodontitis remains to be defined. NLRX1, a member of the NLR family that localizes to mitochondria, enhances mitochondrial ROS (mROS) generation. mROS can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, yet the role of NLRX1 in NLRP3 inflammasome activation has not been examined. In this study, we revealed the mechanism by which NLRX1 positively regulates ATP-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation through mROS in gingival epithelial cells (GECs). We found that depletion of NLRX1 by shRNA attenuated ATP-induced mROS generation and redistribution of the NLRP3 inflammasome adaptor protein, …

Integrating Oral Health Into Social Marketing Campaigns: Program Development And Description For San Francisco Children’S Oral Health Strategic Plan, Carsen Bentley

Pacific Journal of Health

Integrating oral health into an existing San Francisco Department of Public Health (SFDPH) social marketing campaign was a specific goal of the San Francisco Children’s Oral Health Strategic Plan 2014-2017 with the purpose to more fully integrate oral health promotion into the City’s overall health promotion efforts. In the winter of 2015, utilizing a collaborative approach, oral health was successfully integrated in the Open Truth campaign, promoting decreased consumption of sugar sweetened beverages in order to improve health outcomes, including decreasing tooth decay.

Trident - August 2018, Dugoni School Of Dentistry

Trident

The newsletter of the Pacific Orthodontic Alumni Chapter at University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry.

A Novel Fas-Binding Outer Membrane Protein And Lipopolysaccharide Of Leptospira Interrogans Induce Macrophage Apoptosis Through The Fas/Fasl-Caspase-8/-3 Pathway., Peng Du, Shi-Jun Li, David M. Ojcius, Kai-Xuan Li, Wei-Lin Hu, Xu'ai Lin, Ai-Hua Sun, Jie Yan

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

Leptospira interrogans is the major causative agent of leptospirosis, an emerging, globally spreading zoonotic infectious disease. The pathogen induces macrophage apoptosis, but the molecular basis and mechanism remain unknown. In the present study, we found that L. interrogans caused apoptosis of phagocytosis-inhibited macrophages, and the product of the L. interrogans LB047 gene (Lep-OMP047) was the unique protein captured by mouse and human Fas proteins. The recombinant expressed Lep-OMP047 (rLep-OMP047) strongly bound mouse and human Fas proteins with equilibrium association constant (K

Comparative Efficacy Of Video And Text Instructional Modalities For An Oral Surgery Technique Among Dental Students, Ho-Hyun Brian Sun, Jeffrey A. Elo, Grant D. Mcclendon, Hardev Singh, Chan M. Park

Pacific Journal of Health

Purpose: To gauge the efficacy of video media in pre-doctoral oral and maxillofacial surgery education and compare it to traditional text-based learning materials.

Methods: Twenty novice dental students were randomly divided into two groups to place an Erich arch bar to the maxillary dentition of a dentoform. Group A was given a 10 minute video instruction while Group B was given 10 minutes to review written text instruction. All participants were given 45 minutes to place the arch bar on a dentoform while being recorded. This session concluded with a survey of student perceptions using the SEEQ. The …

Insight - July 2018, Dugoni School Of Dentistry

Insight

Whether you are involved in clinical research, biomedical research, the scholarship of teaching and learning, improvement of the health care system, or professional partnerships that advance the field, we aim to spotlight the work of people at the Dugoni School.

Anticancer Chemotherapy And Radiotherapy Trigger Both Non-Cell-Autonomous And Cell-Autonomous Death., Isabelle Martins, Syed Qasim Raza, Laurent Voisin, Haithem Dakhli, Awatef Allouch, Frédéric Law, Dora Sabino, Dorine De Jong, Maxime Thoreau, Elodie Mintet, Delphine Dugué, Mauro Piacentini, Marie-Lise Gougeon, Fanny Jaulin, Pascale Bertrand, Catherine Brenner, David M. Ojcius, Guido Kroemer, Nazanine Modjtahedi, Eric Deutsch, Jean-Luc Perfettini

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

Even though cell death modalities elicited by anticancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy have been extensively studied, the ability of anticancer treatments to induce non-cell-autonomous death has never been investigated. By means of multispectral imaging flow-cytometry-based technology, we analyzed the lethal fate of cancer cells that were treated with conventional anticancer agents and co-cultured with untreated cells, observing that anticancer agents can simultaneously trigger cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous death in treated and untreated cells. After ionizing radiation, oxaliplatin, or cisplatin treatment, fractions of treated cancer cell populations were eliminated through cell-autonomous death mechanisms, while other fractions of the treated cancer cells engulfed and …

Lipoxin A4 Attenuates The Inflammatory Response In Stem Cells Of The Apical Papilla Via Alx/Fpr2, A. Gaudin, Miroslav Tolar, Ove A. Peters

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

Similar to the onset phase of inflammation, its resolution is a process that unfolds in a manner that is coordinated and regulated by a panel of mediators. Lipoxin A4 (LXA₄) has been implicated as an anti-inflammatory, pro-resolving mediator. We hypothesized that LXA₄ attenuates or prevents an inflammatory response via the immunosuppressive activity of Stem Cells of the Apical Papilla (SCAP). Here, we report for the first time in vitro that in a SCAP population, lipoxin receptor ALX/FPR2 was constitutively expressed and upregulated after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide and/or TNF-α. Moreover, LXA₄ significantly enhanced proliferation, migration, and wound …

Managing Patient Expectations With Implant Treatment, Daniel B. Kamran, Mark Booth Dds, Eduardo Gonzalez Dds, Ed Shaw Dds

Excellence Day

This patient came to University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry to get implants and implant crowns to improve his smile, replacing his upper partial denture. Different approaches were made by the faculty to arrive at best outcomes, which took four years for the patient to receive the treatment he wanted. This abstract will further detail how the treatment was conducted and the results afterwards.

Rapid Placement And Anatomical Sculpting Of Hardened Posterior Composite, Patrick Roetzer, Mahek Pipalia, Krunali Kapadia

Excellence Day

Posterior composites have long had a reputation for being difficult and time consuming in clinical practice. In addition to this reputation, it has been noted that recurrent caries and in general failure of these restorations prematurely has been a problem. Relative to amalgams, posterior composites have vexed even good clinical dentist. This video presentation illustrates techniques that not only save time but also create more predictable high-quality restorations.

A Modified “Wound Healing” And Hypoxia Model In Vitro, Schuyler G. Tang, Isabel Kwon, Marie M. Tolarova, Mirek Tolar

Excellence Day

Closing a wound may resemble some aspects of fusion of embryonic processes during development of face. In addition, both are sensitive to oxygen supply.

Effect Of Folate On Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Caused By Hypoxia, Paul Kim, Shub Dhillon, Mahsa Mortazavi, Marie M. Tolarova, Mirek Tolar

Excellence Day

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is involved in the pathogenesis of congenital cardiac defects, intrauterine growth restriction, craniofacial anomalies, and many common diseases. The purpose of this study was to test if folic acid (FA) can mitigate ER stress or improve recovery of cells from ER stress.

Biomarkers Of Orthodontic Tooth Movement, Ellie Schwartz, Shubdeep Kaur, Mahsa Mortazavi, Marie M. Tolarova, Mirek Tolar

Excellence Day

Orthodontic tooth movement is made possible by remodeling of the alveolar bone process. Bone remodeling is carried out by cellular activities of osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and osteocytes. This in turn is regulated by a number of extracellular factors including growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, hormones and biomechanical force. This review is focused on chemical biomarkers characterizing orthodontic tooth movement.

Geometric Morphometric Shape Assessment Of Juvenile Mandibles, Tiffany Tran, Vicki Lo, Hee Soo Oh, Gary D. Richards

Excellence Day

OBJECTIVES: We explore three-dimensional data to delineate idiosyncratic and progressive growth variation in 6.0-8.0 year old mandibles (n=45).

Variation In And Assessment Of Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Landmarks In Children And Adolescents, Soi Park, Younjin Lee, Younyoung Lee, Tiffany Tran, Gary D. Richards

Excellence Day

OBJECTIVES: In earlier work (Lambert et al., 2017) we demonstrated the efficacy of new landmarks for inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) block injections. While the latter study focused on adult morphology, the landmarks were shown to be effective in cases where the M³/₃ were present but unerupted. Based on these result a question arose as to their applicability of the landmarks to children and adolescents, given the known changes in mandibular foramen position during growth. Here we quantify the position of the mandibular foramen relative to standard landmarks during growth and assess the new landmarks applicability for IAN …

Root Analogue Implant Creation: Establishing Procedures For The General Dentist, Alicia Hazdovac, Sarah Osborne, Gary D. Richards

Excellence Day

The possibility of replacing damaged teeth with custom-made root analogue implants was initially suggested around 1969 and reintroduced by Lungren et al. in 1992. The latter authors created custom implants in titanium and reported good osteointegration and aesthetic results. Following this effort there has been an increasing focus on custom root analogue implants as a replacement for ‘screw-type’ implants. Given the availability of software to manipulate 3D image data and the rapid rise of 3D printing technology, the question arises as to whether a general dentist can produce their own implants. Here we test the feasibility of practitioners producing custom …

The Role Of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (Ahr) Signaling Pathway In Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (Oscc): Preliminary Results., Renee Lee, Cui Xu, Leticia Ferreira, Ana Carolina Morandini, Erivan Ramos-Junior

Excellence Day

OBJECTIVES: A large number of experimental and clinical studies suggest that the origin of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is linked to environmental carcinogenesis (tobacco, alcohol). Among these environmental factors, cigarette smoking is the most studied and has been associated with increased susceptibility to OSCC by activating signaling pathways responsible for cancer initiation and progression. Besides nicotine, cigarette smoke also contains aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists, such as dioxin and benzo(a)pyrene. Aberrant AhR expression and AhR pathway activation are involved in several types of cancer. However, the relationship between AhR pathway activation and oral cancer progression is still unclear.

Genes Associated With Mandibular Prognathism In The Chinese Population, Jacqueline Payne, Marie Tolarova M.D., Ph.D., D.Sc.

Excellence Day

Mandibular prognathism (MP) is the relationship of the mandible anteriorly positioned in relation to the cranial base. The prevalence of MP in Asians is estimated to be 15%, whereas American and European descent exhibit a 5% prevalence. Orthodontic treatment is lengthy and challenging, and severe cases require surgical intervention. However, when a treatment is planned well, the outcomes are predominantly successful. It has been known that genetics are involved in the etiology of prognathism and that greater genetic contribution corresponds to greater challenges to treatment. Thus, there is a desire to determine genes involved in the etiology of prognathism.

Case Report: Use Of Non-Ridgid Connector, Veniamin Dronov

Excellence Day

Long span bridges have a tendency to experience harmful stress due to the increased surface area and of the restoration. These stresses can cause several problems including failure of the restoration or cause significant discomfort to the patient.

Treatment Planning: Facially Generated, Digitally Guided, Manually Fabricated Smile Design, Neal Atul Patel

Excellence Day

A clinical case presentation of a smile design that consists of 10 units of minimally invasive indirect restorations.

Changes In Airway Volume In Adult Patients Following Orthodontic Treatment With Premolar Extractions Versus Non-Extraction, Sunny Jisun Lee, Allison Kawata, Hayoung Michael Shin, David Chambers, Joorok Park, Heesoo Oh

Excellence Day

Recent concerns about the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and its negative sequelae have led to investigations of how manipulation of the dentofacial complex may affect airway problems. CBCT can be used to measure airway dimensions of patients. Extraction of premolars is indicated as part of orthodontic treatment for patients who have severe crowding or protrusion of incisors. Some have suggested that the reduction in arch circumference after premolar extraction would lead to decreased airway volume, which may predispose a patient for sleep disordered breathing (SDB). The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a significant …

Changes In Cephalometric Measurements In Adult Patients Following Orthodontic Treatment With Premolar Extractions Versus Non-Extraction, Byron Chou, David Dang, Adrienne Joy, David Chambers, Joorok Park, Heesoo Oh

Excellence Day

Extraction of premolars is indicated as part of orthodontic treatment for patients who have severe crowding or protrusion of incisors. CBCT can be used to locate cephalometric landmarks in 3D. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are differences in sagittal, transverse, and vertical skeletal and dental dimensions for adult patients who were treated with premolar extractions in conjunction with orthodontic treatment compared to those who received orthodontic treatment without extractions.

Condylar Degeneration In Patients With Dental Open Bite Versus Skeletal Open Bite Utilizing Cbct, Alex Rauchle, Alston Trinh, Linda Phi, Brad Albertson, Joorok Park, Heesoo Oh

Excellence Day

Idiopathic condylar resorption (ICR) is a condition in which either one or both condyles undergo degeneration. Bilateral TMJ involvement presents as a clockwise rotation of the mandible in the posterior-inferior direction, resulting in an anterior open bite. The purpose of the study was to assess TMJ condylar degeneration in dental open bites compared to skeletal open bites.

Socio-Economic Factors That May Contribute To Etiology Of Orofacial Clefts., Shubdeep Kaur, Mahsa Mortazavi, Geethapriya Kumar, Marie M. Tolarova

Excellence Day

Association of socio-economic status (SES) with congenital anomalies and diseases has been studied for many years. Under the umbrella of SES are several factors and they vary in different parts of the world due to differences in climate, ethnicity, and culture.

The purpose of this systematic review was to determine associations between various risk factors related to SES and prevalence of orofacial clefts (OFC).

Distribution Of Malocclusions In Middle East Countries: A Systematic Review., Mahsa Mortazavi, Marie M. Tolarova

Excellence Day

High prevalence, multifactorial etiology and the effect on the esthetic, function and quality of life, make the malocclusions as a subject of debate for many years. Regarding the important role of malocclusion in treatment approaches, policy making in health organizations and understanding the etiology factors, this literature review was performed with the purpose of determining the prevalence and distribution of malocclusion in region of the Middle East.