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Author Index, Keyword Index, N/A

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Biodosepr-2006 Consensus Committee Report On Biodosimetric Methods To Evaluate Radiation Doses At Long Times After Exposure, Steven L. Simon, Ian Bailiff, André Bouville, Paola Fattibene, Ruth A. Kleinerman, David C. Lloyd, Stephen W.S. Mckeever, Alexander Romanyukha, Alexander V, Sevan’Kaev, James D. Tucker, Albrecht Wieser

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

The requirements for biodosimetric techniques used at long times after exposure, i.e., 6 months to more than 50 years, are unique compared to the requirements for methods used for immediate dose estimation. In addition to the fundamental requirement that the assay measures a physical or biologic change that is proportional to the energy absorbed, the signal must be highly stable over time to enable reasonably precise determinations of the absorbed dose decades later. The primary uses of these biodosimetric methods have been to support long-term health risk (epidemiologic) studies or to support compensation (damage) claims. For these reasons, the methods …

Bacterial Toxins And Bioterrorism, Nehama Prus

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Bacterial toxins are some of the most potent substances known to man. Bacterial toxins are microbial poisons that profoundly affect the establishment and course of disease, because a single toxin can greatly increase the virulence of an organism (Alcamo, 1994). Organisms have the ability to attach to and colonize mucosal surfaces in the body, eventually invading deeper tissues. However, their ability to cause human disease is often determined by their ability to form and excrete microbial toxins (Murray, 1994). Many emerging and reemerging bacterial pathogens synthesize toxins that serve as primary virulence factors (Schmitt et al, 1999).

Acetaminophen Toxicity To The Liver, Sara Miriam Flaum

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Acetaminophen is a drug commonly used in America. Acetaminophen is an excellent antipyretic and has good analgesic effects, especially for a nonprescription drug. However, unlike other nonprescription drugs in this category, it can have significant liver toxicity. This paper discusses the potential for liver toxicity, and presents information on how acetaminophen affects specific proteins in the liver (P450). For example, not only can it inhibit drug metabolism via acting as an alternative (competitive) substrate for proteins that are responsible for drug metabolism, it can also paradoxically increase drug metabolism by increasing these proteins (induction of P450). The literature reviewed and …

Full Issue: Volume 1, Number 1, Spring 2007

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

No abstract provided.

Xenobiotic Transporters In Lactating Mammary Epithelial Cells: Predictions For Drug Accumulation In Breast Milk, Philip Earle Empey

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

Recent literature has established that breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) is upregulated during lactation and is responsible for the greater than predicted accumulation of many drugs in breast milk. The objectives of this project were (1) to investigate the role of this transporter in the reported apically-directed nitrofurantoin flux in the CIT3 cell culture model of lactation, (2) to develop a mathematical model for drug transfer into breast milk to relate initial flux rates, steady-state concentrations, efflux ratios, and in vivo milk to serum ratios (M/S) and (3) to identify xenobiotic transporters that are highly expressed, and therefore potentially important …

Landholder Information For The Safe Use And Management Of Strychnine For Emu Control, Renee Donovan, David Goodall

Biosecurity published reports

Farmnote 34/2003 - Guide to safe use of strychnine poison for emu control included.

Strychnine is a highly poisonous substance that is used in Western Australia for the control of Wild Dogs and Emus. Its use is restricted by law.

This manual outlines your roles and responsibilities in regard to Strychnine use for emu control. In particular this manual outlines the essential information you need to know in regard to:

• The legislative requirements for Strychnine control in Western Australia
• The properties and mode of action of Strychnine
• How to apply to have a strychnine emu baiting program carried out on …

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (Aids), David Fleischmann

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a fatal syndrome that affects normally healthy individuals who have acquired an immune system deficiency. AIDS is acquired via a viral agent that attacks the immune system of healthy individuals and eventually erodes it, leading to the onset of a collection of deadly diseases. There are many diseases associated with AIDS, although many of them occur only when an individual has full-blown AIDS. Until then, an infected individual faces several different stages of disease.

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, Sara Miriam Flaum

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Is the use of alcohol in the present time common and socially accepted? In society at large, bars are widespread and frequently visited by the populace. Social clubs, arenas where young people gather on weekends and meet new friends, are usually centered around the presence of alcohol. Business deals cemented over lunch or dinner are commonly accompanied by alcoholic beverages. Advertisements, whether on radio, television, or billboards, give testimony as to how the consumption of a particular alcoholic beverage with a meal would enhance the meal. There is no Super Bowl Game that is not associated with multiple prominent beer …

Use Of Intracoronary Stents In The Treatment Of Coronary Heart Disease, Rachel Musheyeva

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death in the United States, accounting for about one-third of all deaths in subjects over age 35. This rate is higher in men than in women and blacks compared to whites. Prior to age 35, men have a three times higher rate of incidence of CHD than women. Coronary mortality among the Hispanic population is not as high as among blacks and whites.

The Shedding Of Deciduous Teeth, Asher Diamond

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Humans are diphyodont. They develop two sets of teeth during their lives. The deciduous (baby) teeth begin to emerge when a baby is approximately six or seven months old. At about the age of six these teeth begin to fall out, or undergo shedding. They are replaced by the permanent successors. This process of shedding of the deciduous teeth and replacement by the permanent teeth is called exfoliation. Certain teeth are shed earlier than others. How this process happens has been the focus of many studies.

Triterpenoids From The Stem Of Diospyros Glandulosa, Witchuda Thanakijcharoenpath, Orawan Theanphong

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Six pentacyclic triterpenoids, including friedelin, β-amyrin, oleanolic acid, lupeol, betulin and ursolic acid, have been isolated from the stem of Diospyros glandulosa Lace. Identification of the isolated compounds was accomplished by analysis of their...

Hplc Determination Of Active Diterpene Lactones From Andrographis Paniculata Nees Planted In Various Seasons And Regions In Thailand, Chamnan Patarapanich, Suwanna Laungcholatan, Nuntakan Mahaverawat, Chaiyo Chaichantipayuth, Sunibhond Pummangura

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

A quantitative determination of four known diterpene lactone compounds : dehydroandroghapholide (C-2), andrographolide (C-3), neoandrographolide (C-4) and deoxyandrographolide-19-p-D glucoside (C-5) from the leaves of Andrographis paniculata, Nees. has b...

Angiotensin At1 Receptor Blockade Protects The Brain From Ischemic Damage, Madhuri Penchikala

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Angiotensin (Ang) AT1 receptors are considered to play an important role in ischemic stroke via degenerative processes leading to cell death. Recent clinical and basic studies show that systemic blockade of Ang AT1 receptors reduces brain lesion in ischemic stroke. In this study we evaluated whether blockade of central Ang AT1 receptors protects the brain from ischemia and inflammation during ischemic stroke. Adult male C57BL/6 mice were divided into two groups for chronic intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusion of a selective Ang AT1 receptor antagonist, losartan (Los, n=18, 2 ug/hr) or isotonic saline (Con, n=20) using osmotic minipump. Twelve days post infusion, …

Neurodegeneration And Neuroinflammation In A Mouse Model Of Sarin Exposure, Molly Elizabeth Davidson

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Sarin is an organophosphorus (OP) ester chemical warfare agent (CWA) that has been used in past terrorist attacks. It remains a threat today because of its ease of manufacture and dispersal. Sarin acts by irreversibly inactivating acetylcholinesterase and interfering with neurotransmission by allowing acetylcholine to build up at neuro-effector junctions, where it continuously elicits a response. Symptoms of sarin toxicity include seizures, hypersecretions, respiratory distress and death in extreme cases. Previous studies on OP poisoning indicate that sarin exposure causes neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation in conjunction with seizure activity. In order to determine the mode of neuronal death and the extent …

Role Of Angiotensin Converting Enzymes Ace And Ace2 In Diabetes Induced Cardiovascular Dysfunction, Keerthy Kanakamedala

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Cardiovascular disease is a long term complication of diabetes, which remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity. There is recent evidence for activation of the Renin angiotensin system (RAS) in diabetic animals and humans. Emerging evidence shows that the vasoconstrictor actions of Ang II may be opposed by formation of the vasodilator, Ang (1-7). There is limited data on blood pressure in murine models of type 2 diabetes. The aim is to study the role of angiotensin converting enzymes ACE and ACE2 in diabetes induced cardiovascular dysfunction using type 2 diabetic murine mouse models (db/db mice). Both db/db mice …

Oral Ld50 Of Botulinum Toxin Serotype A In Guinea Pigs, Christina Marie Wilhelm

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

As a disease, botulism is a neuroparalytic illness resulting from the action of a potent neurotoxin produced by C. Botulinum. Of the seven distinct C. Botulinum neurotoxin serotypes: A, B, C, D, E, F, and G, only serotypes A, B, E and F cause human disease. The duration of action of the seven toxin serotypes varies with serotype A having the most sustained action (i.e. months vs. days in serotype E). This study was performed due to recently identified critical gaps in our food safety procedures. The goal of this study was to assess whether fresh 2% milk provided protective …

The Processing Of Β-Endorphin In Morphine Treated Rats Using Seldi-Tof Mass Spectrometry, Jennifer Y. Edwards

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Endocrine glands secrete peptide hormones that bind to specific receptors, and elicit a response. In the pituitary, prohormone convertases (PC) PC1/3 and PC2 convert inactive prohormones into biologically active peptide hormones. Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) is a precursor molecule that proteolytically cleaves at paired basic residue sites, and produces smaller biologically active peptides, such as adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH), and β-endorphin. β-endorphin is an endogenous opioid peptide hormone that plays a vital role in the body's physiological response to stress, fear, and anxiety. Morphine is an exogenous opioid, used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain and competes …

Samambaia - The Future Focus For Indian Researchers In The Treatment Of Psoriasis, Kuntal Das, John Wiiking Einstein

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Psoriasis is an issue of global and national public health concern. The traditional use of medicinal plants to treat this disease is widespread throughout India. The present review is an attempt for the beneficial effect of the South American originated ...

Healing Our Hazardous Environment, K V. Hall, B M. Afzal, Barbara Sattler

Nursing and Health Professions Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Cell Cycle Analysis Of Atrazine-Treated Human Fibroblast Cells Using Flow Cytometry, Andrea L. Austin

Honors Program Theses

Atrazine is the most frequently used triazine herbicide in the United States. Studies have shown an association between herbicide exposure and increased levels of DNA damage, reproductive and endocrine problems, and an increased risk for certain cancers. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEP A) has set a maximum allowable limit at 3 parts per billion (ppb ). Previous work from our lab has shown decreased cell proliferation of normal human fibroblasts after low-level atrazine exposure for 72 hours at 0.8-100 ppb without a corresponding increase in apoptosis or necrosis.

The objective of the current study is to determine a …

Landholder Information For The Safe Use And Management Of 1080, Renee Donovan, David Goodall

Biosecurity published reports

This manual outlines your roles and responsibilities for using and managing 1080. In particular this manual outlines the essential information you need to know in regard to:

• The legislative requirements for 1080 control in Western Australia
• The properties and mode of action of 1080
• How to lodge an application to lay 1080 baits How to safely store and transport 1080
• The procedures and notification required to carry out a baiting proposal
• Personal safety, identifying signs of poisoning & effecting appropriate first aid treatment
• Your responsibilities for notifying DAFWA and the Police of any accidents or incidents
• Methods for evaluating the …

Design, Synthesis, And Evaluation Of 10-N-Substituted Acridones As Novel Chemosensitizers In Plasmodium Falciparum, Jane X. Kelly, Martin J. Smilkstein, Roland A. Cooper, Kristin D. Lane, Robert A. Johnson, Aaron Janowsky, Rozalia A. Dodean, David J. Hinrichs, Rolf Winter, Michael Riscoe

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

A series of novel 10-N-substituted acridones, bearing alkyl side chains with tertiary amine groups at the terminal position, were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for the ability to enhance the potency of quinoline drugs against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites. A number of acridone derivatives, with side chains bridged three or more carbon atoms apart between the ring nitrogen and terminal nitrogen, demonstrated chloroquine (CQ)-chemosensitizing activity against the MDR strain of P. falciparum (Dd2). Isobolograrn analysis revealed that selected candidates demonstrated significant synergy with CQ in the CQ-resistant (CQR) parasite Dd2 but only additive (or indifferent) interaction in the CQ-sensitive …

Landholder Information For The Safe Use And Management Of Strychnine For Wild Dog Traps, Renee Donovan, David Goodall

Biosecurity published reports

Farmnote 33/2003 - Guide to the safe use of strychnine for jawed traps is included.

Strychnine is a highly poisonous substance that is used in Western Australia for the control of Wild Dogs and Emus. Its use is restricted by law.

This manual outlines your roles and responsibilities for using and managing Strychnine for Wild Dog control. In particular, this manual outlines the essential information you need to know in regard to:

• The legislative requirements for Strychnine control in Western Australia
• The properties and mode of action of Strychnine « How to lodge an application to use Strychnine
• How to …

Cadmium Toxicity On Arterioles Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats, Benny Washington, Shunta Williams, Patrice Armstrong, Charlie Mtshali, John T. Robinson, Elbert L. Myles

Biology Faculty Research

Cadmium (Cd) is frequently used in various industrial applications and is a ubiquitous environmental toxicant, also present in tobacco smoke. An important route of exposure is the circulatory system whereas blood vessels are considered to be main stream organs of Cd toxicity. Our previous results indicate that cadmium chloride (CdCl2) affects mean arterial blood pressure in hypertensive rats. We hypothesized that Cd alters the intracellular calcium transient mechanism, by cadmium-induced stimulation of MAPKs (ERK 1 & 2) which is mediated partially through calcium-dependent PKC mechanism. To investigate this hypothesis, we exposed primary cultures of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from …

Microbial Content Of Abattoir Wastewater And Its Contaminated Soil In Lagos, Nigeria, A. O. Adesemoye, B. O. Opere, S. C. O. Makinde

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Microbial content of wastewater in two abattoirs and the impact on microbial population of receiving soil was studied in Agege and Ojo Local Government Areas in Lagos State, Nigeria. Wastewater samples were collected from each of the abattoirs over three months period and examined for microbial content. Soil samples contaminated with the wastewaters were also collected and analyzed for microbial content as compared to soil without wastewater contamination in the neighborhood (control). Some physico-chemical parameters of the samples such as total dissolved solid, chemical oxygen demand, etc., were examined. The wastewater samples from both abattoirs were highly contaminated; Agege abattoir …

Microparticulate Drug Reformulation Using Electrostatic Layer -By -Layer Assembly And Co-Entrapment With Anionic Phospholipids In Calcium Carbonate Matrix, Krishna Gopal

Doctoral Dissertations

Non-invasive drug delivery systems for therapeutic drugs are gaining prominence. One such system, the nasal delivery system, shows good prospect for effective delivery of some drugs, however, it is yet to be well established for others. The preparation of a reformulated drug and studying its in vitro characteristics is a crucial step in the process of adapting the new drug for nasal delivery systems. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of electrostatic layer by layer assembly of polyelectrolytes on PROMAXX®insulin microparticles and to study the chemical, physical and corresponding release properties of the resulting formulations. PROMAXX® …

Arsenic Exposure Is Associated With Decreased Dna Repair In Vitro And In Individuals Exposed To Drinking Water Arsenic, Angeline S. Andrew, Jefferey L. Burgess, Maria M. Meza, Eugene Demidenko, Mary G. Waugh, Joshua W. Hamilton, Margaret R. Karagas

Dartmouth Scholarship

The mechanism(s) by which arsenic exposure contributes to human cancer risk is unknown; however, several indirect cocarcinogenesis mechanisms have been proposed. Many studies support the role of As in altering one or more DNA repair processes. In the present study we used individual-level exposure data and biologic samples to investigate the effects of As exposure on nucleotide excision repair in two study populations, focusing on the excision repair cross-complement 1 (ERCC1) component. We measured drinking water, urinary, or toenail As levels and obtained cryopreserved lymphocytes of a subset of individuals enrolled in epidemiologic studies in New Hampshire (USA) and Sonora …

Immunogenicity Of Terephthalate, A Constituent Of Synthetic Polymers, And Its Modulation By Adjuvants, Youssef Aachoui

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objective: In this study we have focused on the potential immunotoxicity resulting from exposure to phthalate compounds which are widely present as basic constituents of many synthetic polymers.

Accumulation Of Phycotoxins In The Mussel Mytilus Galloprovincialis From The Central Adriatic Sea, Maja Pavela-Vrančić, Ivana Ujević, Živana Ninčević Gladan, Ambrose Furey

Physical Sciences Publications

Surveys of DSP (Diarrheic Shellfish Poisoning) toxin profiles in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis from coastal waters of the central Adriatic Sea, over the years 1995 to 2001, demonstrate that incidents of shellfish toxicity in this area are dominated by the occurrence of okadaic acid (OA) and a PTX derivative, 7-epi-pectenotoxin-2-seco acid (7-epi-PTX-2SA). Toxin composition and the relative ratio of toxic components in shellfish is in correlation with the occurrence of DSP producing organisms from the Dinophysis species along with Prorocentrum micans and Lingulodinium polyedrum. The occurrence of D. sacculus shortly before the appearance of OA in shellfish implicates its possible …