Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health Commons^™

Evaluation Of The Phytochemical Components And In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activities Of Eucalyptus Camaldulensis, Nwankwo Henry Chukwuebuka, Oladipo Miriam Oluchi, Oladipo Bamidele Fatai, Onmata Gloria Deborah, Agbo Joseph Odeh, Agu, Solomon Tsekohol, Onyeyili Patrick Azubuike

Bulletin of Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University

Phytochemicals such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids are known for their medicinal properties, including anti-inflammatory effects. This study analyzed the phytochemical composition of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaf extracts and evaluated its’ in vitro anti-inflammatory potential. Leaves of E. camaldulensis were collected, authenticated and extracted using 70% methanol. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses were performed using standard protocols. Total phenolic content (68.68 ± 0.001 mg/100g), flavonoids (279.62 ± 0.18 mg/100g), alkaloids (82.17 ± 0.76 mg/100g), tannins (22.79 ± 0.03 mg/100g), and terpenoids (8.43 ± 0.03 mg/100g) were quantified. Anti-inflammatory assays included albumin denaturation inhibition (76.33 ± 0.19% at 50 mg/mL), proteinase inhibition …

Immunomodulatory Activity Of Bryonia Alba 6c And 30c In Sheep Red Blood Cell-Immunised Mice: Insights From Humoral And Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity Responses, Abanti Goswami, Narasimha Kumar Gv, Vara Prasad Saka, Suneel Prajapati, Bibaswan Biswas, Pankaj Gupta

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Malnutrition and infectious diseases compromise immune responses, increasing vulnerability to infections. The introduction of plant-derived immunomodulators, such as Bryonia alba (Bry. alba), is attracting attention due to their lower side effects compared with chemical drugs. In Homoeopathy, Bry. alba has long been utilised to treat a wide range of illnesses, including viral infections, and is recognised for its immunomodulatory properties. Objectives: To evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of Bry. alba 6C and 30C potencies on humoral and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) in sheep red blood cell (SRBC)-immunised BALB/c mice. Materials and methods: Fifty BALB/c mice were divided into five …

Chemical Composition And Mechanism Investigation Of Subfraction From Wuwei Zijin San Guided By Anti-Hepatic Fibrosis Activity, Yazhen Guo, Zhongzhi Qi, Yajuan Chen, Lijuan Nie, Mingyu Luo, Yuechen Guo, Hui Wu, Bengui Ye, Jun He

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

BACKGROUND  Among the spectrum of hepatopathies that pose a significant global health threat, halting the progression of hepatic fibrosis is a key therapeutic objective. Wuwei Zijin San (WWZJS) is derived from a traditional Tibetan empirical formula, yet its efficacy against hepatic fibrosis, along with the underlying mechanisms and active ingredients, remains uncertain.

PURPOSE  The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of WWZJS against hepatic fibrosis, explore its underlying mechanisms and material basis, and evaluate the potential of direct interactions between the biologically active ingredients and their corresponding targets.

METHODS Chemical profiling of the active …

Simotang Oral Liquid Alleviates Functional Dyspepsia-Related Motility Dysfunction Through Ca²⁺-Dependent Smooth Muscle Contraction And Nrf2/Nf-Κb Modulation, Guo Mao, Chunxiang He, Jiaqin Liu, Dahua Wu, Puhua Zeng, Ye Mao

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a disorder of gut-brain interaction involving heterogeneous motor, sensory, immune, and oxidative stress-related mechanisms. Simotang oral liquid (SMT), a traditional Chinese medicine formulation used for dyspeptic and gastrointestinal motility-related symptoms, has not been evaluated with an integrated clinical, functional, and molecular framework. This single-arm prospective pre-post study assessed gastric emptying by the 13C-octanoic acid breath test, gastric electrical activity by electrogastrography, postprandial tolerance by nutrient drink testing, symptom scores, serum biomarkers, and gastric antral tissue markers in patients with FD. FD-like mice were used for charcoal meal transit, smooth muscle strip tension, calcium channel blockade, and …

Integration Of Freshness Monitoring And Active Packaging Technologies For Aquatic Products, Maria Ali, Abdul Waheed Ghanghro, Bheem Raj Serani, Mahrukh Zakir

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Aquatic products are nutritionally valuable but highly perishable, with quality loss driven by microbial spoilage, biochemical changes, including total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), trimethylamine (TMA) and histamine, and physicochemical deterioration, including lipid oxidation, gas production and texture loss. Conventional packaging slows these processes but does not report real-time freshness. This review analyzes how active packaging (antimicrobial, antioxidant, enzyme-inhibiting, and oxygen-scavenging systems, including bio- and nanocomposites) can be combined with freshness monitoring technologies (colorimetric/pH indicators, gas sensors, biosensors, and digital tools such as radio frequency identification (RFID) and Internet of Things (IoT) systems) specifically for fish, shrimp, and mollusks. We first …

A Target-Responsive And Signal-Amplified Dna Hydrogel Biosensor For Visual And Quantitative Detection Of Aflatoxin B1, Haojie Du, Haoyue Liu, Yongshuai Li, Shiyi Wei, Xinning Wang, Yunxuan Weng, Xiaoying Zhao

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) poses a severe threat to food safety due to its potent carcinogenicity. To address the need for rapid and on-site detection, this study developed a colorimetric biosensor based on an AFB1-responsive DNA aptamer-cross-linked sodium alginate hydrogel. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were encapsulated within the hydrogel as a visual signal reporter. The sensing mechanism relies on target-induced dissociation of aptamer crosslinkers, leading to hydrogel disintegration and release of AuNPs. The hydrogel formulation was optimized regarding sodium alginate concentration and crosslinking conditions. To enhance sensitivity, an Exonuclease I (Exo I)-triggered target recycling strategy was implemented, which amplifies hydrogel network disruption …

Identification Of Ca2 As A Potential Candidate Gene Involved In The Therapeutic Effect Of Huatan Huoxue Decoction On Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Integrated Study Of Network Pharmacology, Mendelian Randomization, And Experimental Validation, Chan Zhu, Yijin Zhang, Panwei Hu, Cong Qi, Qiu Chen, Hong Yang, Jing Li

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Purpose: Huatan Huoxue decoction (HTHXD) is effective in treating polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS); however, its underlying mechanisms of action remain unclear. Methods: Gene targets were obtained through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using druggable genes from public databases and genome-wide association study data for PCOS from the FinnGen R12 database. These targets were integrated with the active ingredients and protein targets of HTHXD retrieved from the TCMSP and BATMAN-TCM databases for network pharmacology analysis. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were conducted. Core targets were validated using molecular docking. Experimental validation was performed using a letrozole-induced …

The Correlation Between Medication Adherence, Blood Glucose Levels, And Quality Of Life In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus At Ciamis Regional Hospital, Amyla Putri Nurul Nazmi, Nur Rahayuningsih, Lusi N

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition requiring continuous treatment, including patient adherence to prescribed medication. This study aimed to explore the relationship between medication adherence, blood glucose levels, and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Ciamis Regional Hospital, conducted from January to March 2025, the research employed a quantitative, prospective cross-sectional design involving 49 hospitalized patients. Data included blood glucose levels (RPG, FPG, 2hPG), medication adherence measured using the Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS-5), and quality of life assessed via the Diabetes Quality of Life-Brief Clinical Inventory (DQOL-BCI). The chi-square test was used …

The Phytochemical Content And Antibacterial Activity Of Purified Extract Of Mangifera Indica L. Against Gram Positive Pathogen, Dewi Andini Kunti Mulangsri, Masduki Faqih, Sugar Arifin, Mutiara Trie Sieya Agustin

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

The purified extract of arum manis mango leaves contained flavonoid compounds by TLC methods and antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and negative pathogens. This research aimed to identify and determine the phytochemical content (mangiferin and flavonoids content) and antibacterial activity against other Gram-positive pathogens. Purification of ethanol extract of arum manis mango leaves by liquid-liquid fraction method. Determination of total flavonoid content and identification of mangiferin used respectively by aluminum chloride and Thin Layer Chromatography method. The disk diffusion method was used to assay antibacterial activity against S. epidermidis, and B. subtilis bacteria with the concentration of the sample such …

Cost Effectiveness Analysis Of Psychopharmaca Therapy Combination Compared With Psychopharmaca Therapy And Ect Combination In Schizoaffective Inpatients At The Rsj Provinsi Jawa Barat, Yasmin Fadillah, Sani Asmi Ramdani Lestari, Ardilla Kemala Dewi

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

Mental disorders constitute an economic burden on health, estimated at USD 2.5 trillion in 2010 and expected to increase to USD 6 trillion by 2030. Treatment of schizoaffective disorder involves a combination of medication and psychotherapy. Pharmacoeconomics is an important consideration in drug selection. This study aims to determine the cost-effectiveness of psychopharmaca therapy combination compared with psychopharmaca therapy and ECT combination in schizoaffective inpatients at the RSJ Provinsi Jawa Barat. Data collection was conducted retrospectively from patient medical records for the period December 2023–December 2024. Total costs, based on a health perspective, include psychopharmaca drug costs, inpatient care costs, …

Evaluation Of Antibiotic Use Using The Gyssens Method On Clinical Outcomes In Ischemic Stroke Patients, Juniarto Mende, Graciano A. Maturbongs, Yohana K. A. Mbulang

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

Ischemic stroke is a health problem that causes death and neurovascular disability worldwide. The inflammatory response due to infection can increase ischemic stroke and increase brain damage through changes in blood pressure, coagulation, immune response, and endothelial function. This study aims to evaluate the rationality of antibiotic use on clinical outcomes in ischemic stroke patients. This study used a cross-sectional design. Retrospective data were taken from the medical records of Jayapura Regional Hospital for the period January 1, 2023, to May 31, 2025. The study subjects were all patients who suffered ischemic stroke and received antibiotics. Evaluation of the rationality …

Retrospective Analysis Of Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns In Gram-Positive And Gram-Negative Blood Isolates, Helman Kurniadi, Timbul Partogi Haposan Simorangkir, Ros Sumarny, Fitria Heldiana

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

Bloodstream infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality, while antimicrobial resistance limits treatment options. This retrospective study evaluated bacterial distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility in blood cultures at RSPAD Gatot Soebroto, Jakarta, using microbiology and medical record data from January-December 2019. Clinically significant isolates were included, while duplicates and contaminants were excluded. Identification and susceptibility testing followed standard procedures and CLSI 2019 guidelines. Data were analyzed descriptively. Among 482 isolates, 246 (51.0%) were Gram-positive and 236 (49.0%) were Gram-negative. The Gram-positive isolates were mainly coagulase-negative staphylococci, including Staphylococcus epidermidis (62, 25.2%), S. hominis (61, 24.8%), and S. haemolyticus (50, …

Analysis Of Pharmacotherapy And Non-Pharmacotherapy Burden From The Ina-Cbgs Package For Cesarean Section Surgery At The Regional General Hospital Dr. Soedarso In 2023, Ananda Rizky Awwaliyah, Nurmainah Nurmainah, Ridha Ulfah

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

The prevalence of cesarean sections has been increasing each year. Previous studies show that the cost of medications and medical supplies for cesarean patients accounts for one-third of the total care costs. In the era of National Health Insurance (NHI), medications and medical supplies are considered operational expenses for hospitals rather than sources of income. This condition requires proper medication management and the use of medical supplies. This study aims to analyze the percentage of pharmacotherapy and non-pharmacotherapy, including the types and quantities of medications as well as disposable medical supplies used on patients undergoing cesarean section procedures at the …

Alexithymia In Substance Use Disorders: A Scoping Review Of Therapeutic Approaches, Pratami Diah Herliani, Shelly Iskandar, Angela Vera Herman Efendi

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

Alexithymia, defined as the inability to recognize and express emotions, has a high prevalence (40–50%) among individuals with substance use disorders (SUD), particularly alcohol use disorder, and is associated with poorer clinical outcomes. Despite this, comprehensive mapping of psychotherapeutic interventions targeting this condition within the SUD population remains limited. This study aimed to systematically map the therapeutic approaches investigated to address alexithymia among individuals with substance use disorders and to summarize the reported outcomes. A scoping review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines using systematic literature searches in the PubMed and Scopus databases. Relevant studies were screened based …

Outcome Evaluation Of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Vs Medical Therapy Alone In Patients With Chronic Coronary Syndrome, Hsien-Yuan Chang, Hsin-Yu Fang, Mu-Shiang Huang, You-Zhen Chen, Di-Yung Chen, Edward Chia-Cheng Lai, Jung-Der Wang, Yi-Heng Li, Li-Jung Elizabeth Ku

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This study provides real-world evidence by comparing the long-term clinical outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) versus medical therapy alone in patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) diagnosed non-invasively, given the lack of evidence in this population. This retrospective cohort study (2013-2018) utilized data from a medical center’s Cardiovascular Disease Databank, which was linked to national mortality records in Taiwan. Propensity score matching (PSM) and stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) were applied to adjust for baseline differences between the PCI and medication-only groups. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), and revascularization, were …

Sporicidal Activity Mechanism Of Lactic Acid And Peracetic Acid On Bovine Pathogenic Bacillus Cereus Spores, Xin Zhang, Yunjiao Chen, Jingjing Zhao, Haiying Zheng, Lanlan Liu, Wei Liu, Mingshan Fu, Weijuan Jia, Zelin Jia, Jiayu Cui, Yuhang Zhang, Huisheng Xiong, Yujie Ma, Xueli Wang, Haifeng Wang

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

In recent years, the pathogenicity of Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) has increased significantly, its host adaptability has continued to expand, and the infection spectrum has also expanded. At the same time, food contamination by B. cereus is also common. Therefore, it is of practical significance to select green, safe and effective inhibitors. Lactic acid (LA) and peroxyacetic acid (PAA) possess good antibacterial properties, making them environmentally friendly, safe, and non-toxic. The purpose of this experiment was to preliminarily explore the inhibition mechanism of LA and PAA on B. cereus spores. The effects of LA and PAA on B. …

Evaluating The Potential Of Cajanus Cajan (L.) Millsp. Root To Improve Atopic Dermatitis With Different Anti-Inflammatory Models And Active Compounds, Shu-Er Yang, Xiang-Ming Cai, Yu-Wen Chu, Jen-Chieh Tsai, Mey-Fann Lee, Tuzz-Ying Song

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by recurrent bacterial infections that cause pruritus, erythema, xerosis and thickening. Cajanus cajan root extract prepared with 95% ethanol (EECR95) has been shown to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties in previous studies. This study aimed to evaluate EECR95’s ability to improve AD by inhibiting methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) growth and reducing inflammation. This study found EECR95 effectively inhibits MRSA growth (IC₅₀ = 103.74 μg/mL) and reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine production in an MRSA-keratinocyte-macrophage model. LC/MS/MS analysis revealed the presence of active compounds- flavonoids, isoflavones, and flavonoid glycosides, highlighting EECR95's potential …

In Vitro Digestion Modifies Lepidium Meyenii Extract, Altering Its Major Glucosinolates, Lepidilines, Β-Carbolines, And Gut Bacterial Growth, Dominik Tarabasz, Ewa Baranowska-Wójcik, Paweł Szczeblewski, Tomasz Laskowski, Klaudia Gustaw, Marzena Furtak-Niczyporuk, Dominik Szwajgier, Rita Cristina Orihuela-Campos, Henry O. Meissner, Julia Borzyszkowska-Bukowska, Wirginia Kukula-Koch

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The tubers of Lepidium meyenii (commonly known as maca) have been used in the Andean cuisine for ages. The study aims to determine the behavior of the extract from the red phenotype of maca in the in vitro gastrointestinal tract model and also to define the overall impact of the extract on the microbiota. Glucosinolates, lepidilines, and a derivative of β-carboline alkaloid, i.e. 1-methyltetrahydro-β-5,6-hydride-carboline-3-carboxylic acid, as representatives of one of the main groups of metabolites were selected for the quantitative analysis after in vitro digestion at every stage of the digestion model. The results showed that lepidilines …

Urinary Antimony As A Biomarker For Differentiating Heroin And Brown Mixture Use, Shu-Mei Tsai, Yu-Han Hsiao, Yan-Zin Chang, Sai-Wai Ho

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Heroin is classified as a Schedule I controlled substance with severe legal consequences for its use, whereas liquid Brown Mixture (BM) is a legally available and commonly prescribed cough remedy in Taiwan. However, numerous cases of BM ingestion have been misinterpreted as heroin use because BM contains opium tincture, leading to similar urine test results. Owing to the rapid metabolism of heroin, detection of the parent drug and its primary metabolite, 6-acetylmorphine, in urine is difficult; thus, interpretation often relies on morphine concentration and the morphine-to-codeine (M/C) ratio, which can be inconclusive. In our BM analysis, the M/C ratio was …

Phytochemical Analysis And Safety Assessment Of Watercress Nasturtium Officinale: Antioxidant Capacity, Heavy Metal Profiling, And Toxicity Using Brine Shrimp Model, Qurrota A’Yunin, Chamini Kasun Hemachandra, Muhaimin Rifa’I, Yoga Dwi Jatmiko, Maftuch Maftuch, Rizky Fadilla Agustin Rangkuti, Cucun Herlina, Zulfa Mahdiatur Rasyida, Moh Dliyauddin

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Medicinal plants have attracted growing attention as sources of natural bioactive compounds for sustainable aquaculture and health. This study evaluated the phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity, heavy metal profile, and acute toxicity of watercress (Nasturtium officinale W.T. Aiton) methanol extract using maceration, qualitative and quantitative (TPC, TFC, antioxidant DPPH) phytochemical assay, XRF, and BSLA. Phytochemical screening of plant extracts showed the existence of flavonoids, alkaloids, phenols, tannins, triterpenoids, and saponins, but not steroidal. The TPC and TFC were 20.6 mg GAE/g and 10.8 mg QE/g, respectively. The extract displayed significant antioxidant activity (IC₅₀ = 64.78 µg/mL in DPPH assay). …

Soybean Fermentation Broth Alleviates Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Mucosal Injury, Hsiao-Chi Wang, Yue-Jhu Chen, Hui-Yun Tsai, Jue-Liang Hsu, Yu-Kuo Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Dietary strategies and plant-based fermented foods have attracted increasing interest for supporting gastrointestinal health, particularly under conditions of drug-induced mucosal stress. Soybean fermentation broth (SFB), a fermented soybean-derived product, may possess enhanced nutritional and functional properties through fermentation-associated generation of bioactive peptides and antioxidant metabolites. This study evaluated the gastroprotective effects of SFB in an indomethacin-induced gastric injury model in rats and investigated the underlying mechanisms. Indomethacin markedly induced gastric ulcer formation (16.61 ± 1.38 mm²), whereas SFB pretreatment significantly attenuated ulcer development in a dose-dependent manner, reducing ulcer area to 6.66 ± 0.98, 3.89 ± 0.63, and …

Garambullo (Myrtillocactus Geometrizans) Reduces Cell Viability Via Apoptosis And Inhibits Colony Formation In Ht-29 And Sw480 Colon Cancer Cell Lines., López-Alvarez Guadalupe Soledad, Gutierrez-Silerio Gloria Yareli, García-Solís Pablo, Morales-Bárcenas Rocio, Sánchez-Pérez Yesennia, Hernández-Puga Ana Gabriela, Vergara-Castañeda Haydé Azeneth

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Garambullo (Myrtillocactus geometrizans) is a Mexican fruit rich in bioactive phytochemicals. Its fermented extract (FEG), obtained after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and fermentation, was evaluated in HT-29 and SW480 colorectal cancer cells. FEG reduced cell viability (IC50: 2985 and 3200 μg/mL, respectively) and induced apoptosis and necrosis. In 3D assays, FEG inhibited colony formation, with complete suppression in HT-29 cells. Molecular docking further suggested that butyric acid identified in FEG interacts with Caspase-3 and RIPK1. These findings support the antiproliferative and pro-death effects of FEG in colorectal cancer models.

Gut Microbiota-Mediated Modulation Of Circadian Rhythms: Physiological And Molecular Impacts Of Dietary Composition And Feeding Time, Yen-Chun Koh, Chun-Che Chang, Min-Hsiung Pan

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Circadian rhythms regulate fundamental aspects of physiology and behavior. The disruption of circadian rhythms has been associated with metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and impaired immune function. Feeding behavior and gut microbiota represent two essential nodes within this regulatory network, as both are highly responsive to environmental cues such as diet composition and sleep-wake cycles. Research has shown that high-fat diets, excessive fructose, and chronic alcohol consumption perturb peripheral circadian rhythms and impair metabolic pathways, contributing to obesity and insulin resistance. Conversely, dietary interventions such as time-restricted feeding and macronutrient-specific entrainment can restore rhythmic gene expression and prevent metabolic pathologies. …

Benefits And Risks Of Consuming Cannabis Sativa L. In Food, Ewa Matyjaszczyk, Maria Śmiechowska

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Cannabis sativa L. or hemp is a cosmopolitan, multi-purpose plant and area of its cultivation has been growing in recent years. Its public perception is influenced by potential to produce narcotic substances. However, hemp seed can be a valuable source of nutrients for humans and may be of particular interest in more sustainable food consumption patterns, including vegetarian and flexitarian diets.

The paper presents benefits and risks of hemp seeds in case of their consumption in food. Low cannabinoids varieties are considered only. The biological activity of cannabinoids and related effects are considered out of scope of the study.

Nutritional …

Solvent-Dependent Cytotoxicity Of Peperomia Pellucida Leaf Extracts Against Mcf-7 Breast Cancer Cells, Ade Arsianti, Rafael Erlangga Bagas Pratama, Steven Gill, Diyah Kristanty

Indonesian Journal of Medical Chemistry and Bioinformatics

Background: Breast cancer remains a major global health burden. Particularly in Indonesia, limitations of conventional chemotherapy, such as severe side effect, toxicity, and high cost, indicating the necessitate the development of alternative therapeutic agents. Peperomia pellucida, a medicinal plant rich in bioactive phytochemicals, has shown promising anticancer potential; however, its cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells and the influence of solvent polarity remains underexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of P. pellucida leaf extracts which are prepared using different polarity of solvents (ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane).

Method: Dried leaf powder of P. pellucida was …

Optimization Of Gemifloxacin Immediate-Release Tablets Using Quality By Design, Jong Woo Kim, Hyun Bon Kang, Yeun Hee Kim, Kang Min Kim

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The objective of this study is to determine the design space (DS) for a dissolution-enhanced gemifloxacin immediate-release (IR) tablet incorporating hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD) for improved solubility, utilizing a quality by design (QbD) approach. Based on the preliminary studies, hardness, friability, disintegration time, assay, content uniformity, and dissolution rate were identified as the critical quality attributes (CQAs) for optimization. Through the initial risk assessment, crospovidone, main compression force, and the amount of granulating fluid were identified as factors influencing the CQAs, and a 2³ + 3 full factorial design of experiments (DoE) was conducted for optimization. According to the analysis of variance …

Pharmacological Potential Of Pomelo (Citrus Maxima) Peel: A Bibliometric Review Of Global Research Trends And Future Directions, Indah Zunita Sari, Alma Nur Azizah, Fitriana Nur Hanifah, David Fernando, Agung Endro Nugroho, Abdul Rohman

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Pomelo (Citrus maxima) is a widely cultivated tropical fruit with global production reaching approximately 8.55 million tons in 2023. This large-scale production generates a substantial amount of peel waste despite the fact that pomelo peel contains secondary metabolites with promising pharmacological potential. This study aimed to evaluate global research trends related to the pharmacological potential of pomelo peel using a bibliometric and review-based approach, as well as to identify future research directions. Data were collected from the Scopus database and filtered for English-language scientific articles, reviews, and conference proceedings. The analysis was performed using the Biblioshiny and VOSviewer …

Plant By-Products As A Valuble Source Of Natural Antiglycemic Compounds: Economic Aspects And Alternative Raw Material Sources, Tatjana Đorđević, Jelena Vujetić, Isidora Dickov, Diandra Pintać Šarac

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Plant by-products, often considered as waste in various agricultural and food processing industries, have emerged as a valuable source of natural antidiabetic or antihyperglycemic compounds. These compounds, derived from plant materials that would otherwise be discarded, have the potential to mitigate the global burden of diabetes and offer sustainable solutions for glycemic control. Prominent groups of natural antidiabetic compounds found in plant by-products are polyphenols, as well as bioactive proteins and peptides. In addition, agro-industrial residues such as wheat bran, oat husks, and fruit peels are excellent sources of carbohydrates that can be incorporated into functional foods to help manage …

Emerging Antifungal Strategies Against Candida Albicans Using Metal–Organic Frameworks And Novel Therapeutics: Opportunities And Challenges, Amanpreet Singh, Sandeep Kumar, Sehrabpreet Singh, Jeewanjot Singh

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen responsible for infections ranging from superficial mucosal disease to life-threatening systemic candidiasis, particularly in immunocompromised hosts. Its pathogenicity is enhanced by morphological plasticity, biofilm formation, and immune evasion, contributing to antifungal resistance. Limitations of existing antifungals have driven interest in emerging therapeutics. This review highlights strategies including metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), host-directed therapies (HDTs), CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, and phytochemicals. MOFs offer high drug-loading capacity, controlled release, and enhanced penetration into biofilms, showing promise against drug-resistant strains. Selected phytochemicals demonstrate inhibitory effects on virulence traits such as hyphal formation and enzyme secretion. CRISPR-Cas9 …

An Optical Fiber Caffeine Sensor Using A Molecularly Imprinted Polymethacrylic Acid Membrane Coated On Optical Fiber Surface As A Transducer, Josiah W. Miller, Jason D. Mccaslin, Shiquan Tao

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Caffeine is a neurotransmitter, important to human health. This compound exists in many food products, has been added to soft drinks, pharmaceutical drugs. For many applications, a field deployable technique for quick detecting caffeine is attractive. In this paper, we report a selective optical fiber caffeine sensor using a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) membrane as a transducer. The membrane extracts/concentrate caffeine from sample solutions significantly improved sensor’s sensitivity with a 95 times sensitivity improvement. The sensor achieved a detection limit of 0.20 µg/mL. This sensor was used to directly analyze caffeine in soft drink products without interference from sample matrix.