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Articles 1531 - 1560 of 6950

Full-Text Articles in Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health

Determining The Effects Of Chemical Exposure On Hepatocyte Mitochondrial Networks And Cell Viability, Bethany Eaton Jan 2022

Determining The Effects Of Chemical Exposure On Hepatocyte Mitochondrial Networks And Cell Viability, Bethany Eaton

All Master's Theses

Mitochondria are cellular organelles that are becoming more recently studied. One of their main functions is the production of energy through cellular respiration, which is crucial to cell life. However, they are also associated with numerous disease states. It is hypothesized that reactive oxygen species (ROS), largely produced in mitochondria, induce oxidative stress and affect mitochondrial morphology along with cell viability. This study compares chemical exposure of menadione, an ROS producer, and phthalates (plasticizers) on two mouse hepatocyte cell lines to determine the effects they have on mitochondrial morphology and cell viability. Three experiments were performed to analyze the effects …

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Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymers For The Selective Extraction Of Analytes, Haley A. Mulder Jan 2022

Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymers For The Selective Extraction Of Analytes, Haley A. Mulder

Theses and Dissertations

Sample preparation is a critical steps in bioanalysis. Traditional methods such as solid-phase extraction and liquid-liquid extraction are laborious and ultimately incapable of properly separating target analytes from matrix and interferents. The co-extraction of these components interferes with the analytical instrument’s ability to properly detect and quantitate analytes. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are synthetic polymers that have been “imprinted” with a template analyte in a co-polymer system. MIPs are capable of selectively extracting analytes from complex biological matrices and can be employed in off-line, benchtop extractions or for on/in-line instrument extractions. MIPs offer faster and more selective sample preparation, leading …

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Behavioral Screening And Chiral Bioanalysis Of Emerging Stimulant-Type Drugs In Rats, Tyson R. Baird Jan 2022

Behavioral Screening And Chiral Bioanalysis Of Emerging Stimulant-Type Drugs In Rats, Tyson R. Baird

Theses and Dissertations

The epidemic of drug use in the United States and elsewhere in the world has resulted in tragic loss of life and substantial economic costs. Novel psychoactive substances (NPS) are one of the contributors to this problem, and the lack of information about many of these drugs compounds their risk. This dissertation proposes a strategy to use intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) as a behavioral screening tool to assess emerging drugs of abuse for their abuse potential in order to generate a proactive threat assessment. A series of stimulant-type drugs including methcathinone, α-pyrrolidinohexanophenone (α-PHP), cocaine, and the phenyltropane analogs of cocaine WIN35428 …

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Heightened Levels Of Microvesicle Particles Resulting From Combination Of Ethanol And Thermal Burn Injury, Chad Alan Brewer Jan 2022

Heightened Levels Of Microvesicle Particles Resulting From Combination Of Ethanol And Thermal Burn Injury, Chad Alan Brewer

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Ethanol (EtOH), in combination with thermal burn injury, is a clinically significant problem resulting in an increase in morbidity and mortality due to acute multi-organ toxicity from excess systemic cytokine release. This intoxicated thermal burn affects close to 50% of the total numbers of hospital-admitted burn patients and currently has no standard treatment. However, using in vitro cellular and in vivo murine models, our group has provided data implicating the augmented production of the lipid mediator Platelet-activating factor (PAF) in keratinocytes in response to intoxicated thermal burn injury in the subsequent pathology. Of importance, our group has demonstrated that activation …

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Ahr-Mediated Transcriptional Regulation Of The Human Immunoglobulin Hs1.2 Enhancer, Sydney White Jan 2022

Ahr-Mediated Transcriptional Regulation Of The Human Immunoglobulin Hs1.2 Enhancer, Sydney White

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The 3'IGHRR is thought to be responsible for the transcription of the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) gene locus, which is essential for the production of antibodies. The human 3’IGHRR, which is duplicated in humans, contains the hs3, hs4, and hs1.2 enhancers. Additionally, the hs1.2 enhancer is polymorphic in humans and consists of a 53 bp invariant sequence that can be repeated one to four times. Previous experiments in a mouse and human B-cell line model have shown that the high affinity AhR ligand and environmental toxicant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) can induce hs1.2 enhancer activity in an AhR-dependent manner. The AhR is …

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The Role Of Human Dopamine Transporter Threonine 261 And Serine 262 In Amphetamine Regulation Of Transporter Function And Surface Expression, Sina Abdollahi Jan 2022

The Role Of Human Dopamine Transporter Threonine 261 And Serine 262 In Amphetamine Regulation Of Transporter Function And Surface Expression, Sina Abdollahi

Theses and Dissertations

Amphetamine (AMPH) has been used clinically and recreationally around the world for years. A 2021 study reports a 67.5% rise in AMPH use from 2010-2017 across all fifty states. Study also shows that 30% of patients with AMPH-induced psychosis end up with primary psychosis over time. AMPH works by inhibiting monoamine (Norepinephrine (NE), Serotonin (5-HT), and Dopamine (DA) reuptake followed by triggering transporter mediated monoamine release and consequently increases monoamine concentrations in extracellular synaptic space. AMPH also works as a substrate for monoamine transporters, enters the neuron, and once its inside the neuron, it will prevent the storage of monoamines …

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Identification Of The New Synthetic Opioid Bucinnazine And Its Metabolites Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (Lc-Ms/Ms), Karissa N. Resnik Jan 2022

Identification Of The New Synthetic Opioid Bucinnazine And Its Metabolites Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (Lc-Ms/Ms), Karissa N. Resnik

Master of Science in Forensic Science Directed Research Projects

In the past 20 years, the rate of opioid use increased drastically in the United States. The country has experienced an enormous number of deaths caused by opioid overdose, opioid use disorder (OUD), as well as other harms as a consequence of the high numbers of opioid prescriptions. Fentanyl, a well-known synthetic opioid, has been a contributor to the opioid crisis since 2013 due to its popularity in clinical and illicit use. It has a high potency, which makes it an effective analgesic but a dangerous illicit substance. A new synthetic opioid, bucinnazine, has recently become a new black-market opioid …

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Occurrence, Toxicity And Adsorptive Removal Of The Chloramphenicol Antibiotic In Water: A Review, Luan Minh Nguyen, Ngoan Thi Thao Nguyen, Thuy Thi Thanh Nguyen, Thuong Thi Nguyen, Duyen Thi Cam Nguyen, Thuan Van Tran Jan 2022

Occurrence, Toxicity And Adsorptive Removal Of The Chloramphenicol Antibiotic In Water: A Review, Luan Minh Nguyen, Ngoan Thi Thao Nguyen, Thuy Thi Thanh Nguyen, Thuong Thi Nguyen, Duyen Thi Cam Nguyen, Thuan Van Tran

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum bacterial antibiotic used against conjunctivitis, meningitis, plague, cholera, and typhoid fever. As a consequence, chloramphenicol ends up polluting the aquatic environment, wastewater treatment plants, and hospital wastewaters, thus disrupting ecosystems and inducing microbial resistance. Here, we review the occurrence, toxicity, and removal of chloramphenicol with emphasis on adsorption techniques. We present the adsorption performance of adsorbents such as biochar, activated carbon, porous carbon, metal-organic framework, composites, zeolites, minerals, molecularly imprinted polymers, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The effect of dose, pH, temperature, initial concentration, and contact time is discussed. Adsorption is controlled by π-π interactions, donor-acceptor interactions, …

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Circling The Drain: The Extinction Crisis And The Future Of Humanity, Rodolfo Dirzo, Gerardo Ceballos, Paul R. Ehrlich Jan 2022

Circling The Drain: The Extinction Crisis And The Future Of Humanity, Rodolfo Dirzo, Gerardo Ceballos, Paul R. Ehrlich

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

Humanity has triggered the sixth mass extinction episode since the beginning of the Phanerozoic. The complexity of this extinction crisis is centered on the intersection of two complex adaptive systems: human culture and ecosystem functioning, although the significance of this intersection is not properly appreciated. Human beings are part of biodiversity and elements in a global ecosystem. Civilization, and perhaps even the fate of our species, is utterly dependent on that ecosystem’s proper functioning, which society is increasingly degrading. The crisis seems rooted in three factors. First, relatively few people globally are aware of its existence. Second, most people who …

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Efficient Removal Of Lead Ions From Aqueous Media Using Sustainable Sources On Marine Algae, Hannah Namkoong, Erik Biehler, Gon Namkoong, Tarek M. Abdel-Fattah Jan 2022

Efficient Removal Of Lead Ions From Aqueous Media Using Sustainable Sources On Marine Algae, Hannah Namkoong, Erik Biehler, Gon Namkoong, Tarek M. Abdel-Fattah

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The goal of this project is to explore a new method to efficiently remove Pb(II) ions from water by processing Undaria pinnatifida into immobilized beads using sodium alginate and calcium chloride. The resulting biosorbent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Using immobilized U. pinnatifida, we investigated the effect of various factors on Pb(II) ion removal efficiency such as temperature, pH, ionic strength, time, and underlying biosorption mechanisms. For Pb(II) ion biosorption studies, Pb(II) ion biosorption data were obtained and analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models. It …

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Comparison Of Free Versus Encapsulated Drugs On 3t3 Differentiation, Simon H. Friedrich, Gabriel Volpe Jan 2022

Comparison Of Free Versus Encapsulated Drugs On 3t3 Differentiation, Simon H. Friedrich, Gabriel Volpe

Undergraduate Research Posters

The scope of this project was to design, synthesize and test targeted nanoparticles containing hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs that promote browning in adipose tissue. For hydrophilic drugs the use of liposomes and their hydrophilic core is more useful than the PLGA nanoparticles which have hydrophobic cores. The inhibition of the FOXO1 pathway and modulation of autophagy in adipose tissue can promote browning of white adipose tissue, or an energy burning state where excess energy is burned as heat instead of stored in the cell. If successful, these drugs would offer an alternative treatment for obesity where changes to the patient's …

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Biofabrication Of Magnetic Nanoparticles And Their Use As Carriers For Pectinase And Xylanase, Shady S. Hassan, Brendan Duffy, Gwilym A. Williams, Amit Jaiswal Jan 2022

Biofabrication Of Magnetic Nanoparticles And Their Use As Carriers For Pectinase And Xylanase, Shady S. Hassan, Brendan Duffy, Gwilym A. Williams, Amit Jaiswal

Articles

In this study, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) were synthesized via exposure of fungal cell filtrate from Aspergillus flavus to aqueous iron ions. The extracellular synthesis of MNPs was monitored by UV–Vis spectrophotometry and showed an absorption peak at 310 nm. The morphology of MNPs was found to be flake-like, as confirmed by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), while the average crystallite size was ∼16 nm, as determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis was performed to confirm the presence of elemental Fe in the sample. Pectinase and xylanase were covalently immobilized on MNPs with efficiencies …

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Emerging Technologies For The Production Of Nanocellulose From Lignocellulosic Biomass, Dileswar Pradhan, Amit Jaiswal, Swarna Jaiswal Jan 2022

Emerging Technologies For The Production Of Nanocellulose From Lignocellulosic Biomass, Dileswar Pradhan, Amit Jaiswal, Swarna Jaiswal

Articles

Nanocellulose is a unique and promising natural nanomaterial and has gained significant attention due to its applications in several important areas. Thus, researchers are continuously looking for the most efficient, sustainable, economically viable, and environmentally friendly production technologies to fulfil its growing demand. Conventional production technologies, which include various physical, chemical, and physicochemical methods, are currently inadequate for this purpose and have several limitations such as long processing time, high energy consumption, low recovery of nanocellulose, and many others. To overcome these shortcomings, scientists have investigated the prospect of utilizing emerging processing technologies such as microwave irradiation, deep eutectic solvent, …

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The Improvement Of The Regional Regulatory Governance System For Radiation Risk Management: Spatial Analysis On Radiation Hazards In South Korea, Sangwon Lee, Jaewon Lim, Chan Goo Yi Jan 2022

The Improvement Of The Regional Regulatory Governance System For Radiation Risk Management: Spatial Analysis On Radiation Hazards In South Korea, Sangwon Lee, Jaewon Lim, Chan Goo Yi

Public Policy and Leadership Faculty Research

Since the 2011 Fukushima nuclear power plant accident, nuclear regulators have strength-ened safety standards or decided to decommission the nuclear power plant. The vast majority of radiation is from nuclear power plants, so safety measures are also concentrated in nuclear power plants. Radioactive materials located much closer to the people are scattered around the nation. However, it is difficult for citizens to predict the radiation risk around them because regulatory agencies do not provide adequate information on radiation. The main goal of this study is to analyze the spatial distribution patterns of radioactive materials that serve as indicators for potential …

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Impacts Of Plastic Pollution On A Pelagic Marine Mammal, The Northern Elephant Seal, Lauren M. Kashiwabara Jan 2022

Impacts Of Plastic Pollution On A Pelagic Marine Mammal, The Northern Elephant Seal, Lauren M. Kashiwabara

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

As plastic pollution increases, top marine predators such as marine mammals are becoming increasingly susceptible to plastic particles and their additives. Plastic particles have been found in gastrointestinal tracts and scat of many marine mammals, and quantifying plastic pollution in those that are pelagic can provide insight into plastic pollution in mesopelagic ecosystems that are just beginning to be analyzed. Adapting well-developed laboratory techniques for microplastic (MP) isolation (i.e. density separation and chemical digestion), I isolated MPs from the scat of the deepest diving pinniped, the northern elephant seal (NES), and found that100% of scat samples (n=11) contained high counts …

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Review Of Evidence For Environmental Causes Of Uveal Coloboma, Evan B Selzer, Delphine Blain, Robert B Hufnagel, Philip J Lupo, Laura E Mitchell, Brian P Brooks Jan 2022

Review Of Evidence For Environmental Causes Of Uveal Coloboma, Evan B Selzer, Delphine Blain, Robert B Hufnagel, Philip J Lupo, Laura E Mitchell, Brian P Brooks

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Uveal coloboma is a condition defined by missing ocular tissues and is a significant cause of childhood blindness. It occurs from a failure of the optic fissure to close during embryonic development and may lead to missing parts of the iris, ciliary body, retina, choroid, and optic nerve. Because there is no treatment for coloboma, efforts have focused on prevention. While several genetic causes of coloboma have been identified, little definitive research exists regarding the environmental causes of this condition. We review the current literature on environmental factors associated with coloboma in an effort to guide future research and preventative …

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Additive And Interactive Associations Of Environmental And Sociodemographic Factors With The Genotypes Of Three Glutathione S-Transferase Genes In Relation To The Blood Arsenic Concentrations Of Children In Jamaica, Mohammad H Rahbar, Maureen Samms-Vaughan, Yuansong Zhao, Sepideh Saroukhani, Sheikh F Zaman, Jan Bressler, Manouchehr Hessabi, Megan L Grove, Sydonnie Shakspeare-Pellington, Katherine A Loveland Jan 2022

Additive And Interactive Associations Of Environmental And Sociodemographic Factors With The Genotypes Of Three Glutathione S-Transferase Genes In Relation To The Blood Arsenic Concentrations Of Children In Jamaica, Mohammad H Rahbar, Maureen Samms-Vaughan, Yuansong Zhao, Sepideh Saroukhani, Sheikh F Zaman, Jan Bressler, Manouchehr Hessabi, Megan L Grove, Sydonnie Shakspeare-Pellington, Katherine A Loveland

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Arsenic (As) is a metalloid that has been classified as a xenobiotic with toxic effects on human beings, especially on children. Since the soil in Jamaica contains As, dietary intake is considered the main source of As exposure in Jamaicans. In addition, glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes, including

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The Exposome, Metabolic Dysfunction And Silicosis: A Pulmonary And Pathophysiology Study, Janet A. Thompson Jan 2022

The Exposome, Metabolic Dysfunction And Silicosis: A Pulmonary And Pathophysiology Study, Janet A. Thompson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The exposome encompasses the concept that an individual’s health is a combination of genetic, environmental, and occupational exposures. A worker’s exposomal profile could potentially influence their susceptibility to hazardous occupational exposures. Over 35% of adults in the United States have metabolic dysfunction (MetDys), yet interactions between MetDys and hazardous occupational exposures are generally unknown. MetDys is associated with HFWD-consumption and obesity and induces a chronic low grade systemic inflammation and alters serum adipokine profiles. Silicosis, a progressive inflammatory lung disease, results from occupational inhalation exposure to respirable crystalline silica particles. This research tests the hypothesis “Inflammation resulting from HFWD-induced …

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Development Of Phase Change Thermal Storage Medium: Cooking With More Power And Versatility, Martin Osei Jan 2022

Development Of Phase Change Thermal Storage Medium: Cooking With More Power And Versatility, Martin Osei

Masters Theses

With an Insulated Solar Electric Cooker (ISEC), a 100 W solar panel directly cooks food while providing 5W off-grid electricity access; but it cooks slowly. Storing the day’s energy with phase change thermal storage allows ISEC to cook more rapidly as well as cook after sunset. The ISEC is made by sticking a 3ohm resistive to an aluminum pot (inner phase change assembly PCA) where another cooking pot fits. The resistive heater is surrounded by a bigger pot (outer PCA) that contains the PCM and is tightly sealed. The solar panel is connected to the resistive heater with a thermal …

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Aging, A Pathological Factor In Neurological Injury, Aruvi Vijikumar Jan 2022

Aging, A Pathological Factor In Neurological Injury, Aruvi Vijikumar

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

One of the main reasons for CNS drugs to fail in clinical development is not considering age as a risk factor while studying chronic age-related neurological/neurodegenerative diseases in preclinical studies. We first set out to gain a comprehensive understanding of the impact of age on various aspects (anatomical, immunological, and biochemical) in rodents that play a key role in determining the onset, progression, and evolution of disease severity. With advancing age, the vascular structure and function are compromised which is hypothesized to accelerate cognitive decline. The initial step toward developing novel therapeutics is to characterize the age-related vascular modifications. Utilizing …

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Pueraria Candollei Var. Mirifica: A Precious Source Of Pharmaceuticals And Cosmeceuticals, Dolly Rani, Khwanlada Kobtrakul, Sornkanok Vimolmangkang Jan 2022

Pueraria Candollei Var. Mirifica: A Precious Source Of Pharmaceuticals And Cosmeceuticals, Dolly Rani, Khwanlada Kobtrakul, Sornkanok Vimolmangkang

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Pueraria candollei var. mirifica (Airy Shaw & Suvat.) Niyomdham (PM), popularly known as “Kwao Krua,” is a medicinal plant that has been used for centuries in Thailand. Phytochemical studies indicated the presence of several bioactive molecules such as miroestrol, deoxymiroestrol, puerarin, daidzein, daidzin, genistin, genistein, and kwakhurin. The pharmacological evaluation of PM indicated strong estrogenic, anti-osteoporosis effects, anti-aging and antioxidant activities, as well as the ability to relieve other climacteric-related symptoms. There is conflicting evidence on the safety and toxicity of PM. The active ingredients in PM make it an ideal candidate for large-scale pharmaceutical exploitation as a cosmeceutical. Further …

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Neuroprotective And Nootropic Evaluation Of Myristica Malabarica On Diabetes-Induced Cognitive Impairment In Experimental Animals: Promising For Controlling The Risk Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Kolguri Jagadeeshwar, Rajasekhar Reddy Alavala, Subhakar Raju Ravula, Umasankar Kulandaivelu, G.S.N. Koteswara Rao Jan 2022

Neuroprotective And Nootropic Evaluation Of Myristica Malabarica On Diabetes-Induced Cognitive Impairment In Experimental Animals: Promising For Controlling The Risk Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Kolguri Jagadeeshwar, Rajasekhar Reddy Alavala, Subhakar Raju Ravula, Umasankar Kulandaivelu, G.S.N. Koteswara Rao

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

This study intends to explore the neuroprotective and memory-enhancing properties of Myristica malabarica (MM) leaf extracts on diabetic-induced cognitive decline rats. The models of Y maze and Morris water maze were selected for nootropic activity and neuroprotective properties were deliberate by assessing the levels of Ach, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), nitric oxide (NO), catalase (CAT) and glutathione hormone (GSH) in diabetic rat brains. Significantly improved memory and learning with 100 mg/kg (P < 0.01) and 200 mg/kg (P < 0.001) of EAMM (L) and MAMM (L) in Y maze and Morris water maze models. Significant effect was observed in all the extracts with two doses when compared with diabetic control on day 75. The levels of AChE (P < 0.001), MDA (P < 0.01), and NO (P < 0.05) were decreased significantly and significantly raised (P < 0.01) levels of SOD, CAT, and GSH with MAMM (100 and 200 mg/kg) compared with disease control. Further studies on MM leaf are needed as evidence of cognitive impairment in defense against diabetes has been shown to expose its mode of action.

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Cytotoxic Effect Of Crude Vitex Glabrata Fruit Extracts On Human Cancer Cell Lines, Saraphorn Intarasam, Vorranuch Keerathinant, Mesayamas Kongsema, Kantimanee Pradermwong Jan 2022

Cytotoxic Effect Of Crude Vitex Glabrata Fruit Extracts On Human Cancer Cell Lines, Saraphorn Intarasam, Vorranuch Keerathinant, Mesayamas Kongsema, Kantimanee Pradermwong

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Vitex glabrata (VG) or Khai-noa fruit extracts were prepared from three methods; squeezing extract (SE), maceration extract (ME), and ethanol extraction (EE) to evaluate their effects in vitro. By the (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging assay, all extracts revealed very weak antioxidant. Results of (3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, a tetrazole) assay showed the increase in cell viability of SE at 100 and 500 μg/ml on TK6 cells after 24 and 48 h treatments (P < 0.01) without affecting Caco-2 cells. Conversely, a dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity of all extracts revealed at 1000-2000 μg/ml on both cells (P < 0.01). SE showed cytotoxicity on PC-3 cells and anticancer activity when confirmed by clonogenic assay in a dose-dependent manner. SE also showed cytotoxicity on HT-29 cells after 24 h treatment but the cells could recurrent in the clonogenic assay. No effect was observed on MCF-7 cells after SE alone, SE co-treated with MMC treatment, and in the clonogenic assay. Moreover, HT-29 cells revealed a dose-dependent decrease in viability when treated with SE co-treated with MMC by 24 h. Hence, SE can selectively promote cell viability on TK6 and anticancer activity on PC-3. These results suggest that the different potential of SE depends on different cell lines.

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Fluid Properties Of Solvents And Oils Used In In Situ Forming Microparticles, Sai Myo Thu Rein, Torsak Intaraphairot Jan 2022

Fluid Properties Of Solvents And Oils Used In In Situ Forming Microparticles, Sai Myo Thu Rein, Torsak Intaraphairot

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

In situ forming microparticle (ISM) has been recently used as the injectable drug delivery system prepared from polymeric non-aqueous phase in oil emulsion. Solvents and oils used in ISM including N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), 2-pyrrolidone (PYR), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), glycofurol, triacetin, olive oil, camellia oil and isopropyl myristate (IPM) were evaluated for pH, density, viscosity, flow time, surface tension, contact angle, color distribution, injectability, antimicrobial activities and cytotoxicity. The most viscous camellia oil and olive oil showed the highest flow time with lowest color diffusion and lower injectability; thus, they were suitable for performing as external phase of ISM to prolong …

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Formulation, Ex-Vivo And In-Vitro Characterization Of Liposomal Drug Delivery System Of Fexofenadine, Safin Shrestha, Uttam Budhathoki Jan 2022

Formulation, Ex-Vivo And In-Vitro Characterization Of Liposomal Drug Delivery System Of Fexofenadine, Safin Shrestha, Uttam Budhathoki

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

In order to improve the low permeability associated with conventional or immediate release dosage forms such as nasal spray and oral solid dosage form, tablets, fexofenadine liposomes were prepared by using ethanol injection method by varying the concentration of surfactant, (Tween -80), along with crude lecithin and cholesterol. The optimized formulations was evaluated for size, shape, entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release. In this study the optimized formulated liposomes appeared to be spherical in shape and particle size was found to be 4703.667±445 nm. There is 1.25 times more flux of liposome as compared with free drug. The entrapment …

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Behavior Of Polymers And In-Vitro Evaluation On Gastroretentive Nifedipine Sustained Release Floating Tablets, H. K. Pradeep, Juturu Thimmasetty, P.R. Sathesh Babu, S. Gururaj, N. Sreeharsha Jan 2022

Behavior Of Polymers And In-Vitro Evaluation On Gastroretentive Nifedipine Sustained Release Floating Tablets, H. K. Pradeep, Juturu Thimmasetty, P.R. Sathesh Babu, S. Gururaj, N. Sreeharsha

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Nifedipine is one of the calcium channel blockers widely employed in indications such as high blood pressure and angina pectoris. In the present study, a prompt attempt is done in the formulation of gastro retentive sustained-release tablets. The effect of polymers and their combination on release pattern, initial burst release, and floating behavior were studied. Out of four polymers, two polymers such as cellulose derivatives like highly viscous polymer Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) K100, low viscous HPMC K4M and their combinations, and other two polymers used were from natural sources like xantham gum, guar gum and their combinations were studied. The …

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Inhibition Of Phospholipase A2 And Prostaglandin Synthase Activities As Possible Mechanistic Insight Into The Anti-Inflammatory Activity Of Brenania Brieyi Methanol And Chloroform Fractions, Ifeoma Felicia Chukwuma, Victor Onukwube Apeh, Florence Nkechi Nworah, Chinelo Chinenye Nkwocha, John Emaimo, Lawrence Uchenna Sunday Ezeanyika, Victor Nwadiogo Jan 2022

Inhibition Of Phospholipase A2 And Prostaglandin Synthase Activities As Possible Mechanistic Insight Into The Anti-Inflammatory Activity Of Brenania Brieyi Methanol And Chloroform Fractions, Ifeoma Felicia Chukwuma, Victor Onukwube Apeh, Florence Nkechi Nworah, Chinelo Chinenye Nkwocha, John Emaimo, Lawrence Uchenna Sunday Ezeanyika, Victor Nwadiogo

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Objectives: The pharmacological basis of anti-inflammatory agents is geared toward maintaining body homeostasis. This study investigated the scientific underpinning and mechanisms of anti-inflammatory activity of root bark of Brenania brieyi. Material and Methods: The plant material was extracted with a mixture of methanol and chloroform (2:1) and fractionated with 0.2 volume water. Egg albumin-induced edema and cotton pellet-induced granuloma models were used to investigate anti-inflammatory activity while the possible mechanisms of actions were evaluated using standard methods. Results: Significant (P < 0.05) reduction in edema and granuloma tissue formation were recorded in fractions treated groups compared with the normal control. There was a significant (P < 0.05) inhibition of membrane hemolysis and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity by the fractions compared with the standard drugs, indomethacin, and prednisolone, respectively. Both fractions significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited prostaglandin (PG) synthase and nitric oxide radical activities compared with the control. However, varying doses of both fractions did not inhibit leukocyte migration compared with rats in indomethacin and control groups. The methanol fraction was found to be more potent in most of the tests. Conclusion: These results show that B. brieyi root bark has anti-inflammatory activity, and the potential underlying mechanisms of its action are inhibition of PLA2 and PG involved in inflammatory responses.

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Application Of Fluorotag In Quantification Of Metformin In Tablet Dosage Form And Biological Samples, Panikumar Durga Anumolu, Sunitha Gurrala, Sahitya Menkana, Ceema Mathew, Lavanya Srimantula Jan 2022

Application Of Fluorotag In Quantification Of Metformin In Tablet Dosage Form And Biological Samples, Panikumar Durga Anumolu, Sunitha Gurrala, Sahitya Menkana, Ceema Mathew, Lavanya Srimantula

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: New specific and sensitive spectrofluorimetric fluorotag method has been developed and validated for the quantification of metformin hydrochloride. Materials and Methods: The derivatization reaction was carried out using 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonic sulfonate as (NQS) fluorotag in the presence of strong alkaline medium (potassium hydroxide) to form the highly fluorescent product. The fluorescence was observed at emission wavelength 453 nm after excitation at 359 nm. The different experimental conditions affecting the reaction product formation and stability were carefully studied and optimized as 2% w/v of potassium hydroxide solution, 0.5% w/v NQS reagent. Results: At optimum reaction conditions, good linear relationship was found …

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Preferences Of Thai Head Pharmacists For Pharmacy Technician Education: Certification Versus Bachelor’S Degree Program, Sukunta Muadthong, Nusaraporn Kessomboon, Tsutomu Kitajima, Kamolnut Muangyim, Surachat Ngorsuraches, Pattapong Kessomboon Jan 2022

Preferences Of Thai Head Pharmacists For Pharmacy Technician Education: Certification Versus Bachelor’S Degree Program, Sukunta Muadthong, Nusaraporn Kessomboon, Tsutomu Kitajima, Kamolnut Muangyim, Surachat Ngorsuraches, Pattapong Kessomboon

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Objective: This study aimed to investigate Thai hospital pharmacists’ preferences for a proposed bachelor’s degree curriculum for pharmacy technicians (PhTs), preparing PhTs to fill an advanced role in pharmacy, compared to the existing high vocational certificate (HVC) curriculum for PhTs. Methods: A labeled discrete choice experiment (DCE) questionnaire was sent by post to head pharmacists of 814 Thai Ministry of Public Health hospitals over a 2-month period. Respondents’ preferences for the proposed bachelor’s degree or the existing HVC of PhT were determined based on their selections among three attributes: Competency in pharmaceutical information services, competency in pharmaceutical inventory management, and …

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Efavirenz Listed In The World Health Organization Prequalification Program: A Successful Case Study Of A Public Private Collaboration For Technology Transfer In Pharmaceutical Production And Quality Control In Thailand, Yupadee Sirisinsuk, Mukdavan Prakobvaitayakit, Nusaraporn Kessomboon, Usawadee Sutapuk, Kannikar Kijtiwatchakul, Noppawan Angkulsansanee Jan 2022

Efavirenz Listed In The World Health Organization Prequalification Program: A Successful Case Study Of A Public Private Collaboration For Technology Transfer In Pharmaceutical Production And Quality Control In Thailand, Yupadee Sirisinsuk, Mukdavan Prakobvaitayakit, Nusaraporn Kessomboon, Usawadee Sutapuk, Kannikar Kijtiwatchakul, Noppawan Angkulsansanee

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Pharmaceutical technology transfer is an important tool for enhancing production development and quality control. The Government Pharmaceutical Organization (GPO) is the state enterprises under the Ministry of Public Health, whose main mission is to produce high quality medicines with reasonable price to increase accessibility to the Thai people. GPO has received the technology transfer from an overseas pharmaceutical company for the successful production of the efavirenz 600 mg tablet that was certified by the WHO Prequalification Program. The research objective was to study how this success has been achieved with the support of technology transference as well as the relevant …

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