Kinesiology Commons^™

Exercise Bouts At Three Different Intensities Fail To Potentiate Concentric Power, Chad A. Cabrera†, Jacobo Morales‡, Felicia Greer‡, Robert W. Pettitt‡

International Journal of Exercise Science

Postactivation potentiation (PAP) has been hypothesized previously to occur during voluntary, concentric actions. We tested the hypothesis that one of at least three different intensities of conditioning exercises would evoke potentiation of power during the concentric, bench press throw (BPT). Twelve men (age = 22.9 &#; 2.7 years, bench press 1 repetition maximum (1RM) = 1.20 ± 0.12 kg•kg-1 body weight) completed five isotonic conditioning presses at ~55, 70, and 86% 1RM, in counterbalanced order, and on separate days. Average and peak power of the BPT using a load of 55% 1RM along with surface electromyography (EMG) of the triceps …

Influence Of Body Composition, Oral Contraceptive Use, And Physical Activity On Bone Mineral Density In Premenopausal Women, Vanessa D. Sherk†, Clint D. Howard†, Michael G. Bemben‡, Debra A. Bemben‡

International Journal of Exercise Science

In premenopausal women, low bone density may reflect attainment of a lower peak bone mass which can increase risk of osteoporosis after menopause. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between total body, lumbar spine, and proximal femur bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition and oral contraceptive (OC) use in 18-30 year old women. Sixty-five healthy women, split into groups of oral contraceptive users (OC, n = 36) and non oral contraceptive users (Non-OC, n = 29), completed Baecke physical activity, calcium intake, and menstrual history questionnaires. Total body, AP lumbar spine, and dual proximal femur …

Comparison Of Body Composition Measurements Using A New Caliper, Two Established Calipers, Hydrostatic Weighing, And Bodpod, Erin E. Talbert*, Michael G. Flynn‡, Jeffrey W. Bell†, Andres E. Carrillo†, Marquita D. Dill†, Christiania N. Christensen*, Colleen M. Thompson†

International Journal of Exercise Science

Purposes: (1) To compare the Lafayette Instruments (LI) skinfold caliper to the Lange (L) and Harpenden (H) calipers using a diverse subject population. (2) To determine the validity of the LI caliper in a subset of subjects by comparing body compositions from skinfold thicknesses to those measured by hydrostatic weighing (HW) and air displacement plethysmography (ADP). (3) To compare measurements obtained by experienced (EX) and inexperienced (IX) technicians using all three calipers. Methods: Skinfold measurements were performed by both EX and IX technicians using three different calipers on 21 younger (21.2 ± 1.5 yrs) and 20 older (59.2 ± 4 …

Timing Carbohydrate Beverage Intake During Prolonged Moderate Intensity Exercise Does Not Affect Cycling Performance, George G. Schweitzer†, John D. Smith‡, James D. Lecheminant‡

International Journal of Exercise Science

Carbohydrate beverages consumed during long-term exercise have been shown to attenuate fatigue and improve performance; however, the optimal timing of ingestion is unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if timing the carbohydrate ingestion (front-loading (FL), continual loading (CL), and end-loading (EL)) during prolonged exercise influenced exercise performance in competitive cyclists. Ten well-trained cyclists completed three separate exercise bouts on a bicycle ergometer, each lasting 2 hours at an intensity of ~67% VO₂ max, followed by a 15-minute “all out” time trial. In the FL trial, participants ingested a carbohydrate beverage during the first hour and …

From The Editors: Assessing The International Journal Of Exercise Science After One Year, T. Scott Lyons, James W. Navalta

International Journal of Exercise Science

Western Kentucky University (WKU) strives to be a “leading American university with international reach.” In an effort to contribute to that mission, Drs. Scott Lyons and James Navalta of the Exercise Science program endeavored in 2007 to start a student-focused, on-line journal. Working closely with Berkeley Press, the platform for the International Journal of Exercise Science (IJES) was established during the summer of 2007 and it went “live” in January 2008. The journal has now been on-line for over one year and has enjoyed great success, with quality research submitted from graduate and undergraduate students, as well as professionals. We …

Barriers To Physical Activity And Healthy Eating As Perceived By Parents In Lompoc: Focus Group Results, Ann Yelmokas Mcdermott, David W. Hey, Stephanie F. Teaford, Wendy L. Minarik

Kinesiology and Public Health

Dear members of the Lompoc Valley Community Healthcare Organization, Community Health for Lompoc Valley Community Health Center, Lompoc Valley Partners and Lompoc Valley Healthy Kids Initiative,

On behalf of Cal Poly’s emerging Center for Obesity Prevention and Education (COPE), I would like to begin by expressing my gratitude to Dr. Steve McDowell and Ms. Judy Taggart for inviting our research team to partner with your community in this exciting project. It is clear to our research team that the community health agencies have invested a tremendous amount of time, energy and money in planning and implementing changes designed to improve …

When You Walk, Do You Feel Like You Are Dancing?, Deborah A. Kinghorn

The University Dialogue

No abstract provided.

Landing Development: A First Look At Young Children, Pamela J. Russell, Jean Eckrich, Madison Hawkins

Movement Arts, Health Promotion and Leisure Studies Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to examine sagittal and frontal views of children (n=14) aged 4-9 landing from a maximal effort vertical jump to begin a description of landing development. Video records (collected at 30 frames/sec) of the jump and landing were viewed frame by frame with Windows Movie Maker and analyzed with a simple scoring system validated to detect improper movements during landing. Findings indicated that this stop-landing task challenged balance as most landings included a step, straddled foot position, and a wide stance. Mechanisms for force absorption (knee and hip flexion) tended to occur more often in …

Nutritional Needs Of The Recreational Athlete, Kathleen M. Laquale

Movement Arts, Health Promotion and Leisure Studies Faculty Publications

The article looks at the the nutritional requirements for recreational athletes. The author discusses the differences between recreational and competitive athletes. Requirements for energy intake are reviewed. The need for maintaining proper hydration and electrolyte levels is also noted. Differences in protein requirements for weightlifters and endurance athletes are discussed.

Chronic Elbow Dislocation Treated With Open Reduction And Lateral Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction, Louis Joseph Rubino, Michael A. Herbenick, Ryan P. Finnan, Philip A. Anloague

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

In the United States, chronic unreduced elbow dislocations are rare injuries. We report the successful short-term outcome of a chronic elbow dislocation treated with open reduction and lateral ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction using a split semitendinosus allograft in a figure-of-8 technique without use of hinged external fixation. The authors have obtained the patient’s written informed consent for print and electronic publication of the case report.

Role Ambiguity Within Sport Teams, Grégoire Bosselut, Jean-Philippe Heuzé, Mark Eys

Kinesiology and Physical Education Faculty Publications

Résumé: L’objectif de cet article est de présenter une synthèse des travaux publiés ces dernières années en contexte sportif, sur l’un des éléments fondamentaux de la structure du groupe (Shaw, 1981), l’ambiguïté du rôle. La première approche de l’ambiguïté du rôle proposée par Kahn, Wolfe, Quinn, Snoek et Rosenthal (1964) prend sa source dans le contexte organisationnel. Inspiré de ces travaux et adapté au domaine sportif, Beauchamp, Bray, Eys, et Carron (2002) ont proposé un modèle multidimensionnel de l’ambiguïté du rôle composé de quatre manifestations (i.e., étendue des responsabilités, comportements liés au rôle, évaluation du rôle, conséquences liées au rôle) …

Effect Of Rest Interval Length On The Volume Completed During Upper Body Resistance Exercise, Humberto Miranda, Roberto Simão, Leonardo Marmo Moreira, Renato Aparecido De Souza, João Antônio Alves De Souza, Belmiro Freitas De Salles, Jeffrey Willardson

Faculty Research and Creative Activity

The purpose of the current study was to compare the workout volume (sets x resistance x repetitions per set) completed during two upper body resistance exercise sessions that incorporated 1 minute versus 3 minute rest intervals between sets and exercises. Twelve trained men completed two experimental sessions that consisted of 5 upper body exercises (i.e. barbell bench press, incline barbell bench press, pec deck flye, barbell lying triceps extension, triceps pushdown) performed for three sets with an 8- RM load. The two experimental sessions differed only in the length of the rest interval between sets and exercises; one session with …

Ohio K-12 Physical Education Content Standards, Office Of Curriculum And Instruction, Ohio Department Of Education, Kevin Lorson

School of Health and Exercise Sciences Faculty Publications

Ohio’s physical education academic content standards provide clear, rigorous expectations for all students in kindergarten through 12th grade. Physical education is a critical component of a complete education. Beyond the physical benefits, quality physical education has been linked to cognitive, affective and quality of life benefits for students at elementary, middle and high school levels. The six National Association for Sport and Physical Education (NASPE) standards were adopted by the State Board of Education in December 2007. These standards represent physical education content that all students should know and be able to do as they progress through a kindergarten through …

Department Of Cardiac Function In Lcad Deficient Mice After A Single Bout Of Endurance Exercise, Evan M. Lord

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

Fatty acids are the primary fuel source for cardiac tissue in both humans and animals. These become especially important during times of starvation and long bouts of exercise. Fatty acids are broken down into smaller, useable acyl-CoA subunits through a process called beta-oxidation. The first step in this process must be catalyzed by one of four acyl-CoA dehydrogenase enzymes depending on the length of the fatty acid to be metabolized. The enzyme that catalyzes the break-down of long-chain fatty acids, long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCAD), was examined. The objective of this study was to determine how a single bout of endurance …

The Effect Of Fatigue On Reactive Strength In Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstructed Individuals, Randall L. Jensen

Conference Papers in Published Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Reliability Of Forces During Variations Of Plyometric Exercises, Randall L. Jensen

Conference Papers in Published Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Quantifying The Onset Of The Concentric Phase Of The Force–Time Record During Jumping, Randall L. Jensen

Conference Papers in Published Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Fatigue On Dynamic Balance After Maximum Intensity Cross Country Skiing, Phillip B. Watts, Randall L. Jensen

Conference Papers in Published Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Reliability Of Time To Stabilization In Single Leg Standing, Randall L. Jensen

Conference Papers in Published Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Peak Velocity Of Nordic Ski Double Pole Technique: Stand-Up Vs. Sit Skiing, Randall L. Jensen

Conference Papers in Published Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Measurement Techniques In Assessing Athletic Power, Randall L. Jensen

Conference Papers in Published Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Bilateral Or Single Leg Landing On Knee Kinematics, Randall L. Jensen

Conference Papers in Published Proceedings

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of A Plyometric Training Program On The Latency Time Of The Quadriceps Femoris And Gastrocnemius Short-Latency Responses, D. H. Potach, Dimitrios Kastavelis, Gregory M. Karst, R. W. Latin, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine if a plyometric training program can affect the latency time of the quadriceps femoris and gastrocnemius short-latency responses (SLRs) of the stretch reflex.

Methods: Sixteen healthy subjects (12 female and 4 male) were randomly assigned to either a control or a plyometric training group. Maximum vertical jump height (VJ) and SLRs of both quadriceps femoris and gastrocnemius were measured before and after a four week plyometric training program.

Results: Plyometric training significantly increased VJ (mean+/-SEM) by 2.38+/-0.45 cm (P<0.05) and non-significantly decreased the latency time of the quadriceps femoris SLR (mean+/-SEM) 0.363+/-0.404 ms (P>0.05) and gastrocnemius SLR (mean+/-SEM) 0.392+/-0.257 ms (P>0.05). VJ results …

Dairy Intake And 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D Levels In Men At High Risk For Prostate Cancer, Marilyn Tseng, Veda Giri, Deborah Watkins-Bruner, Edward Giovannucci

Kinesiology and Public Health

Objective Dairy food intake has been associated with prostate cancer in previous work, but the mechanism by which this occurs is unknown. Dairy calcium may suppress circulating levels of potentially cancer-protective 1,25-hydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D). We examined the associations of dairy, milk, calcium, and vitamin D intake with plasma 1,25(OH)2D levels among 296 men (194 black, 102 non-black) enrolled in a high risk program for prostate cancer from 10/96 to 10/07. Methods All participants completed diet and health history questionnaires and provided plasma samples, which were assessed for levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25(OH)2D. We used multivariate linear regression to examine …

Reproducibility Of Reported Nutrient Intake And Supplement Use During A Past Pregnancy: A Report From The Children’S Oncology Group, Jaclyn L.F. Bosco, Marilyn Tseng, Logan G. Spector, Andrew F. Olshan, Greta R. Bunin

Kinesiology and Public Health

Maternal diet and nutrition have been thought to play a role in many childhood conditions. Studies using food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) have reported associations with maternal diet, but these findings are difficult to interpret because the reliability and validity of the FFQs for diet during a past pregnancy are not known. We determined the reproducibility of reported diet and supplement use during a past pregnancy in a subset of mothers interviewed for a case–control study of maternal diet in relation to the risk of childhood brain tumours. Cases were Children’s Oncology Group patients, diagnosed at age code, race/ethnicity, and birth …

Dietary Patterns And Colon Cancer Risk In Whites And African Americans In The North Carolina Colon Cancer Study, Jessie A. Satia, Marilyn Tseng, Joseph A. Galanko, Christopher Martin, Robert S. Sandler

Kinesiology and Public Health

We examined associations of dietary patterns with colon cancer risk in African Americans and Whites from a case-control study in North Carolina. Incident colon cancer cases, 40 to 80 yr (n = 636), and matched controls (n = 1,042) were interviewed in person to elicit information on potential colon cancer risk factors. A validated food frequency questionnaire adapted to include regional foods captured diet over the year prior to diagnosis (cases) or interview date (controls). Three meaningful intake patterns were identified in both Whites and African Americans: “Western-Southern,” “fruit-vegetable,” and “metropolitan.” Compared to the Western-Southern pattern, the fruit-vegetable and metropolitan …

Becoming Physically Active After Bariatric Surgery Is Associated With Improved Weight Loss And Health-Related Quality Of Life, Dale S. Bond, Suzanne Phelan, Luke G. Wolfe, Ronald K. Evans, Jill G. Meador, John M. Kellum, James W. Maher, Rena R. Wing

Kinesiology and Public Health

The purpose of this study was to determine whether pre- to postoperative increases in physical activity (PA) are associated with weight loss and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) following bariatric surgery. Participants were 199 Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery patients. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to categorize participants into three groups according to their preoperative and /1-year postoperative PA level: (i) Inactive/Active (<200-min/week/≥200-min/week), (ii) Active/Active (≥200-min/week/greater ≥200-min/week) and (iii) Inactive/Inactive (<200-min/week/<200-min/week). The Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36) was used to assess HRQoL. Analyses of covariance were conducted to examine the effects of PA group on weight and HRQoL changes. Inactive/Active participants, compared with Inactive/Inactive individuals, had greater reductions in weight (52.5 ± 15.4 vs. 46.4 ± 12.8 kg) and BMI (18.9 ± 4.6 vs. 16.9 ± …

Weight-Loss Maintenance In Successful Weight Losers: Surgical Vs. Non-Surgical Methods, D. S. Bond, Suzanne Phelan, T. M. Leahey, James O. Hill, Rena R. Wing

Kinesiology and Public Health

Objective: As large weight losses are rarely achieved through any method except bariatric surgery, there have been no studies comparing individuals who initially lost large amounts of weight through bariatric surgery or non-surgical means. The National Weight Control Registry (NWCR) provides a resource for making such unique comparisons. This study compared the amount of weight regain, behaviors and psychological characteristics in NWCR participants who were equally successful in losing and maintaining large amounts of weight through either bariatric surgery or non-surgical methods.
Design: Surgical participants (n=105) were matched with two non-surgical participants (n=210) on gender, entry weight, maximum weight loss …

Mechanisms Underlying The Association Between Breastfeeding And Obesity, Cynthia J. Bartok, Alison K. Ventura

Kinesiology and Public Health

Decades of epidemiological research have established that breastfeeding is associated with a modest reduction in risk of later overweight and obesity. However, no systematic effort has been made to delineate the mechanisms that may explain this association. This review summarizes evidence from a variety of disciplines to understand the potential mechanisms underlying this association. One possibility is that this association is spurious and that confounding factors fully or partially explain this association. Additionally, breastfeeding could confer protection by: encouraging the infant's emerging capabilities of self-regulation of intake; reducing problematic feeding behaviors on the part of caregivers that interfere with the …

Opportunities For The Primary Prevention Of Obesity During Infancy, Ian M. Paul, Cynthia J. Bartok, Danielle S. Downs, Cynthia A. Stifter, Alison K. Ventura, Leann L. Birch

Kinesiology and Public Health

Are chubby babies healthy babies? Whereas most seem well during infancy, evidence is increasing that heavier babies have a poorer long-term health trajectory than their trimmer counterparts. Data have emerged over the past 2 decades that early life growth patterns and behaviors play an important role in the etiology of obesity, yet there has been very little focus on the primary prevention of obesity during infancy by the medical, behavioral health, and public health communities. A recent report from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) highlighted the need for very early intervention when it revealed that between 2003 …