Kinesiology Commons^™

A Profile Of Strength And Conditioning Coaches At National Collegiate Athletic Association Division Ii And Iii Member Institutions., Leonard Haggerty

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purposes of this study were to compile demographic characteristics, educational backgrounds, coaching experiences, and duties of strength and conditioning (STC) coaches at NCAA Division II and III institutions, and compare the profile of Division II and III STC coaches to the Martinez (2004) study of Division I-A STC coaches. NCAA Division II and Division III athletic personnel (N=578) received an electronic survey for this study. The return rate from Division II and Division III STC coaches were as follows: Division II, 23 responses (n=175), Division III, 34 responses (n=403). Descriptive statistics were used …

Joint Kinetics Of The Ankle And Knee When Running Over Obstacles, Alan Hreljac, Nikolaos Stergiou, Shane D. Scholten

Journal Articles

When running over obstacles of increasing height, heelstrike runners switch to a forefoot landing pattern once a critical obstacle height is reached. The primary purpose of this study was to determine whether ankle or knee joint kinetic variables trigger the gait change from a heelstrike to a forefoot striking pattern as obstacle height increases. Ten subjects were filmed from the sagittal plane as they ran at their preferred running speed over a force platform during six obstacle height conditions ranging from 10% to 22.5% of standing height, as well as an additional baseline condition with no obstacle (0%). An inverse …

Cd4+ Cell Count, Viral Load, And Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Use Are Independent Predictors Of Body Composition Alterations In Hiv-Infected Adults: A Longitudinal Study, Ann Y. Mcdermott, Norma Terrin, Christine Wanke, Sally Skinner, Eric Tchetgen, Abby H. Shevitz

Kinesiology and Public Health

To understand the concurrent effects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the immune system, and antiretroviral therapy on body composition alterations, we examined annualized composition changes in HIV-infected adults who were receiving stable antiretroviral therapy.

Cortical Regions Associated With Autonomic Cardiovascular Regulation During Lower Body Negative Pressure In Humans., Derek S Kimmerly, Deborah D O'Leary, Ravi S Menon, Joseph S Gati, J Kevin Shoemaker

Kinesiology Publications

The purpose of the present study was to determine the cortical structures involved with integrated baroreceptor-mediated modulation of autonomic cardiovascular function in conscious humans independent of changes in arterial blood pressure. We assessed the brain regions associated with lower body negative pressure (LBNP)-induced baroreflex control using functional magnetic resonance imaging with blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) contrast in eight healthy male volunteer subjects. The levels of LBNP administered were 5, 15 and 35 mmHg. Heart rate (HR; representing the cardiovascular response) and LBNP (representing the baroreceptor activation level) were simultaneously monitored during the scanning period. In addition, estimated central venous pressure …

Mypyramid.Gov, Ann Y. Mcdermott

Kinesiology and Public Health

The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) has un-unveiled a new symbol and an interactive "food guidance system" called "MyPyramid: Steps to a Healthier You," which replaces the 13-year-old Food Guide Pyramid. The new program aims to support the eating and physical activity habits necessary to promote health and prevent such common diseases as obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, osteoporosis, and some cancers. Over the past few decades, population-specific scientific evidence of the effects of nutrition, activity, and body weight on health outcomes has become available. The scientific literature allowed the formulation of new and more detailed recommendations. The USDA's new system …

Student Employee Recruitment And Retention Through Campus Partnerships, Corinne M. Daprano, Megan L. Coyle, Peter J. Titlebaum

Health and Sport Science Faculty Publications

Recruitment and retention of student employees are important considerations for any recreational sports department, large or small, because student employees impact both the quantity and quality of programs and services. This article proposes a strategy for establishing partnerships with academic departments to aid in the recruitment and retention of student employees. These partnerships benefit students, the recreational sports department, academic departments, and university student retention efforts. Following a description of this strategy is an example of a partnership that has been successfully established at one Midwestern university.

A Nonlinear Dynamic Approach For Evaluating Postural Control, James T. Cavanaugh, Kevin M. Guskiewicz, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

Recent research suggests that traditional biomechanical models of postural stability do not fully characterise the nonlinear properties of postural control. In sports medicine, this limitation is manifest in the postural steadiness assessment approach, which may not be sufficient for detecting the presence of subtle physiological change after injury. The limitation is especially relevant given that return-to-play decisions are being made based on assessment results. This update first reviews the theoretical foundation and limitations of the traditional postural stability paradigm. It then offers, using the clinical example of athletes recovering from cerebral concussion, an alternative theoretical proposition for measuring changes in …

Excessive Tibial Rotation During High-Demand Activities Is Not Restored By Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, Stavros Ristanis, Nikolaos Stergiou, Kostas Patras, Haris S. Vasiliadis, Giannis Giakas, Anastasios D. Georgoulis

Journal Articles

Purpose: Recent in vitro research has suggested that anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction does not restore control of tibial rotation. The purpose of this study was to explore these findings in vivo and investigate rotational knee stability during landing and subsequent pivoting. Such an activity places higher demands on the knee, almost similar to those found during high-level sports.

Type of Study: Case control series study.

Methods: We assessed 11 patients who had undergone ACL reconstruction with the same arthroscopic technique using a bone–patellar tendon–bone graft, 11 ACL-deficient subjects who had sustained the injury more than 1 year prior to …

The Theory Of Planned Behavior: Predicting Physical Activity And Cardiorespiratory Fitness In African American Children, Jeffrey J. Martin, Pamela Hodges Kulinna, Nate Mccaughtry, Donetta Cothran, Joe Dake, Gail Frances Fahoome

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

The purpose of our study was to evaluate the ability of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to predict African American children’s moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and cardiorespiratory fitness. Children (N = 548, ages 9–12) completed questionnaires assessing the TPB constructs and MVPA and then had their cardiorespiratory fitness assessed with the Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run (PACER) test. Commonly used Structural Equation Modeling fit indices suggested the model was an adequate representation for the relationships within the data. However, results also suggested an extended model which was examined and supported. Tests of direct paths from subjective …

Correlates Of Soy Food Consumption In Women At Increased Risk For Breast Cancer, Carolyn Y. Fang, Marilyn Tseng, Mary B. Daly

Kinesiology and Public Health

Objectives The objectives of the present study were to examine sociodemographic correlates of soy food consumption among women at increased risk of breast cancer, describe factors influencing soy food consumption or nonconsumption, and identify women’s sources of information about soy foods. Design A cross-sectional, self-report survey was used to assess frequency of and factors influencing soy food consumption. Soy food intake was reported for the past year. Subjects/setting Participants were 452 women with family histories of breast cancer who were enrolled in a cancer risk assessment program. Statistical analyses performed Comparisons between consumers and nonconsumers of soy foods were performed …

Obesity In Women, Suzanne Phelan, Rena R. Wing

Kinesiology and Public Health

No abstract provided.

Functional Electric Stimulation Cycle Ergometry Training Effect On Lower Limb Muscles In Acute Sci Individuals, Timothy J. Demchak, Jon K. Linderman, W. Jerry Mysiw, Rebecca Jackson, Jihong Sunn, Steven T. Devor

Health and Sport Science Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to compare three different intervals for a between sets rest period during a common isokinetic knee extension strength-testing protocol of twenty older Brazilian men (66.30 ± 3.92 yrs). The volunteers underwent unilateral knee extension (Biodex System 3) testing to determine their individual isokinetic peak torque at 60, 90, and 120° ·s-1. The contraction speeds and the rest periods between sets (30, 60 and 90 s) were randomly performed in three different days with a minimum rest period of 48 hours. Significant differences between and within sets were analyzed using a One Way Analysis of …

An Artificial Neural Network That Utilizes Hip Joint Actuations To Control Bifurcations And Chaos In A Passive Dynamic Bipedal Walking Model, Max J. Kurz, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

Chaos is a central feature of human locomotion and has been suggested to be a window to the control mechanisms of locomotion. In this investigation, we explored how the principles of chaos can be used to control locomotion with a passive dynamic bipedal walking model that has a chaotic gait pattern. Our control scheme was based on the scientific evidence that slight perturbations to the unstable manifolds of points in a chaotic system will promote the transition to new stable behaviors embedded in the rich chaotic attractor. Here we demonstrate that hip joint actuations during the swing phase can provide …

Electromechanical Delay Of The Knee Extensor Muscles Is Not Altered After Harvesting The Patellar Tendon As A Graft For Acl Reconstruction: Implications For Sports Performance, Anastasios D. Georgoulis, Stavros Ristanis, Anastasios Papadonikolakis, Elias Tsepis, U. Moebius

Journal Articles

Although the scar tissue, which heals the donor site defect, has different elasticity from the neighbouring patellar tissue, it remains unclear if this scar tissue can lead to the changes of the electromechanical delay (EMD) of the knee extensor muscles. If such changes do exist, they can possibly affect both the utilization of the stored energy in the series elastic component, as well as the optimal performance of the knee joint movement. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of harvesting the patellar tendon during anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and the associated patellar tendon scar tissue …

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With A Quadrupled Hamstring Autograft Does Not Restore Tibial Rotation, Anastasios D. Georgoulis, Stavros Ristanis, Vasilis Chouliaras, Constantina O. Moraiti, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

As a result of the morbidity associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with a bone–patellar–tendon– bone graft, many orthopaedic surgeons prefer hamstrings as the graft for ACL reconstruction. However, this selection is not based on solid scientific evidence. In vitro research shows that this graft cannot restore control of tibial rotation. Our recent in vivo research work has also demonstrated the same result. In particular, patients undergoing ACL repair who were reconstructed with a quadrupled hamstring tendon graft showed excessive tibial rotation during a dynamic activity when compared with healthy control subjects. Although the hamstring tendon graft has a …

A Study Of The Relationship Of Self-Reported Resistance Training To Lipid Profiles., Melissa Davis

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The primary purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of self-reported resistance training to lipid profiles. The study consisted of 10 subjects between the ages of 19 and 35. Participants were assigned to an exercise group or control group based on self-reported resistance training and according to ACSM standards. After means were determined for the data gathered, the exercise group had lower averages of weight, percent body fat, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and triglycerides, as well as, a higher average of high-density lipoproteins. Two sample t-tests were performed to determine significance. It was determined that no significant difference …

Effects Of Stretching On Jumping Performance, Carisa Chavez

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Stretching has been a part of warm-up for a very long time. Some recent research has shown that stretching could possibly hinder performance and others have shown it enhances performance. The purpose of this study was to examine whether stretching has an effect on vertical jump, and if so, how long the effects last. Twenty Western Kentucky students (10 M and 10 F) performed three trials each. There was a non-stretching group, a pre-stretching group and a between-stretching group; each of the subjects performed all three. The stretching protocol included a static stretching routine of the gluteus maximus, hamstrings, quadriceps, …

The Effects Of An Analgesic (Biofreeze®) On The Motoneuron Pool Excitability Of The Soleus Muscle, Desiree R. Barth

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects on the Hoffman reflex and motor response with an analgesic (Biofreeze®). Design: The study was a 2X6 design. The independent variables in this study were treatment and time. The dependent variables were the H-reflex (volts) and the M response (volts). Treatment was randomly assigned to control for the effects of order. Setting: This study took place in the Exercise Physiology Laboratory located in the Health and Human Performance Building at Indiana State University. Subjects: 14 volunteers who were physically active and had no known neurological problems. Measurements: Skin and …

The Influence Of Landing Technique Versus Technique And Strength Training On Valgus Knee Deformity In Females, Kirsten R. Holmes

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of landing technique training versus landing technique and plyometric/strength training program on knee valgus during landing in females. Subjects participated in a 6-week training program. A 2 X 3 repeated measures ANOVA with two within subjects’ factors Test and Group was used to test for differences in the knee valgus angle in the landing condition and the five jump condition. A 2 x 2 repeated measures ANOVA with two within subjects’ factors, was used to test for difference in knee extension strength and knee flexion strength. Pre-test knee-valgus 4.76 ± …

An Electromyographic Assessment Of Lumbar Paraspinal Muscles During Core Stability Exercises, Alicia Marleina Osuna

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objective: Clinicians often use Swiss balls in exercise regimens to recruit activity of the paraspinal musculature. However, we do not know if muscle activity differences exist while performing an exercise on a stable or unstable surface. Design and Settings: A 1 X 2 factorial with repeated measures design guided this study. The single within-subjects factor was a core stability exercise with 2 levels: a stable condition (chair) and an unstable condition (Thera-band® exercise ball). The dependent variables were the integrated electromyography (I-EMG) amplitude of the left and right lumbar paraspinal musculature. Subjects: Sixteen moderately active and healthy male subjects (age: …

Ankle Bracing Does Not Affect Force Development During A Single-Legged Vertical Jump, John M. Ibarra

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objective: The effect of prophylactic ankle bracing on functional performance and isolated joint torque has been well studied. However, the potential effect of external 111 ankle support on force production during a sport-specific task remains unknown. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the potential effects of two widely used prophylactic ankle braces on lower extremity force development while performing a onelegged vertical jump. Design and Setting: A 1 x 3 factorial was used in this study. The single independent variable was ankle brace with 3 levels: 1) Semi-rigid ankle brace; 2) Lace-up style brace; and 3) control …

The Effect Of Exercise On The Threshold Frequency Of An Electrically Induced Muscle Cramp, Hiroki Sato

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Context: It has been observed that subjects that have experienced an exercise associated muscle cramp (EAMC) exhibited decreases in the threshold frequency (TF) of an electrical induced muscle cramp (EIMC). Hovvever, it is not known if this change was due to the exercise alone. Objective: To determine if full effort football conditioning exercises cause a shift in TF of an EIMC. Design: A 2 X 2 folly repeated measures factorial design was used for this study. The two independent variables were condition (rest, and exercise), and time (pre, and post). Setting: Subjects: Nine NCAA Division IAA football players participating in …

Therapeutic Benefits Of Ultrasound Can Be Achieved And Maintained With 1 Mhz, 4 Era Ultrasound Treatment, Lori B. Meyer

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Context: Thermal ultrasound has been used for the past two decades because of its ability to increase underlying local tissue temperatures promoting healing. It is recommended that ultrasound treatment be performed on a 2-3 ERA area for 10 minutes. However, clinicians often need to treat larger areas using ultrasound, clinicians may add to the possible treatment sights and not rely on or purchase other machines. Research has yet to investigate if therapeutic levels can be obtained by increasing the treatment time. Objective: To investigate if increasing the duration of an ultrasound treatment with a treatment area of 4 timesthe sound …

The Importance Of Athletic Training Students Performing On-Field Evaluations, Amisha Patel

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Context: It is unclear the frequency with which athletic training students perform on-field evaluations. Objective: The purpose of this study is to: (1) quantify the frequency senior ATSs observe, assist, and perform on-field evaluations during their clinical rotations; and (2) assess the senior ATSs perceptions of their experiences during on-field evaluations. Design: A 28-item survey entitled Survey of Senior Level Athletic Training Students Perceptions of Quality and Quantity of On-Field Evaluations During Clinical Rotations was developed based on a comprehensive literature review. The survey was grouped as follows: 3 demographic questions, 8 Likert scale statements, 9 "check all that apply", …

Using Three Dimensional Motion Capture Technology To Describe And Assess Piano Technique: A Case Study, Brenda Wristen, Nikolaos Stergiou, Sharon Evans

Journal Articles

The purpose of the study was to examine any differences that exist in the quality of motions employed by pianists when they are sight-reading versus performing repertoire. A secondary question of interest was whether or not an improvement in the efficiency of motion could be observed between two sight-reading trials of the same musical excerpt. While data analysis for the full study is ongoing, the following results from a case study are illustrative.

Using Three Dimensional Motion Capture Technology To Describe And Assess Piano Technique: A Case Study, Brenda Wristen, Nikolaos Stergiou, Sharon Evans

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Proceedings & Presentations

The purpose of the study was to examine any differences that exist in the quality of motions employed by pianists when they are sight-reading versus performing repertoire. A secondary question of interest was whether or not an improvement in the efficiency of motion could be observed between two sight-reading trials of the same musical excerpt. While data analysis for the full study is ongoing, the following results from a case study are illustrative.

Effects Of Resistance Training Volume And Variety On Dietary Intake And Mood State In Untrained Subject, Suzette K. Smith

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Background: While there is research on the effects of aerobic training on various aspects of mood state and nutrient intake, little is known of the effect of resistance training on these variables.

Purpose: To examine the effects of resistance training (RT) volume and variety on total energy (kcal) and macronutrient intake, and mood states in a healthy, untrained population.

Method:The investigation was part of a prospective experimental study examining the effects of three RT protocols on body composition and strength. An initial 102, healthy, untrained male and female participants, ages 20-40, were recruited, and randomized into one of three …

The Effect Of Leisure-Based Screen Time On Physical Activity, Mary Dawn Sperry

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of leisure-based screen time on physical activity. Ninety-four families participated in this six-week study. Each family was randomly assigned to one of three screen time groups: (1) control group (2) 2-hour-limit group or (3) one-hour-limit group. Family members wore a Walk4Life LS 2505® pedometer to measure steps. Daily screen time logs were filled out each night and leisure-based screen time and steps were recorded. Analysis of variance (steps x group) was used to determine differences among the groups. Univariate tests showed there were no significant differences among any of the …

The Perceptions Of High School Physical Educators On The Benefits Of Block Scheduling In The State Of Utah, Marilyn Miller

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this research was to examine the extent to which the block schedule is being used in Utah high school physical education, and determine teacher's perceptions of block scheduling in teaching physical education. Block scheduling is a new and more efficient way of organizing the school day. NASPE has found the following positive effects in block scheduling: a better learning environment, more access to stronger curriculum, detailed instruction and demonstrations, and more variety in assessment (NASPE, 2000). Although there were several different forms of the block schedule reported, it appears that a majority of physical educators have discovered …

Time Efficiency In Computer Assisted Direct Observation Of Physical Activity Using Sofit, Trisha Anderson

Theses and Dissertations

Having valid and reliable methods for assessing physical activity levels is critical to understanding physical activity patterns. Direct observation is a widely used technique for obtaining contextually rich data on physical activity levels in physical education classes. One major limitation of direct observation is that it is time intensive. The use of digital video editing software programs may lessen the amount of time needed to gather the data. The purpose of this study was to compare the amount of time needed to obtain SOFIT (System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time) physical activity data using the traditional paper and pencil method …