Kinesiology Commons^™

Test-Retest Reliability Of Noninvasive Ambulatory Impedance Cardiography During Aerobic Exercise, Benjamin Germain

HIM 1990-2015

Impedance cardiography is an important tool in determining a person's hemodynamic properties. The makers obtained through thoracic impedance have been shown to be of great importance when monitoring critical care patients. Technological developments have made this process noninvasive and ambulatory, opening up new possibilities for potential use. A study was conducted by remotely monitoring healthy subjects (n=5), who performed an 8-minute mild-to-moderate aerobic exercise protocol, followed up by a four minute cognitive stress test. Testing was conducted onsite at Kennedy Space Center in association with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration using the MW1000A (MindWare Technologies LTD, Gahanna, OH) ambulatory …

Aerobic Exercise As A Means Of Reducing Low Back Pain A Systematic Review, Theresa Privett

HIM 1990-2015

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is considered the leading cause of inactivity and lost employment time. It can be extremely difficult to treat as most conventional therapies have poor success rates. People with LBP need to be made more aware of the diverse and economical treatments available in order to save on expenses and diminish stress. Patients and healthcare professionals have many choices when deciding on the best plan of care; however, it is often difficult to determine which option is best. Objectives: The purpose of this systematic review was to determine if aerobic exercises play a role in reducing …

Pharmacological Treatment Of Intermittent Claudication Does Not Have A Significant Effect On Gait Impairments During Claudication Pain, Jenna M. Yentes, Jessie M. Huisinga, Sara A. Myers, Iraklis Pipinos, Jason Johanning, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a manifestation of atherosclerosis resulting in intermittent claudication (IC) or leg pain during physical activity. Two drugs (cilostazol and pentoxifylline) are approved for treatment of IC. Our previous work has reported no significant differences in gait biomechanics before and after drug interventions when PAD patients walked without pain. However, it is possible that the drugs are more efficacious during gait with pain. Our aim was to use advanced biomechanical analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of these drugs while walking with pain. Initial and absolute claudication distances, joint kinematics, torques, powers, and gait velocity during the …

Hip Abduction Strength And Its Relationship With Sequential Movement And Ball Velocity In Softball Players, Sarah Kaminski

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

This study examined the relationship between hip abduction strength, segmental sequentiality of the upper extremity and ball velocity of throwing in softball positional players. Hip abduction strength, ball velocity, and related kinematics were collected on sixteen (167.7 + 6.7 cm; 68.9 + 10.4 kg; 19.2 + 1.1 yrs) National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I softball players. The participant had to catch a simulated hit ball and perform her positional throw. A position player was on second base and only those throws that she was able to catch without stepping off the base were recorded. There was no significance in the …

Landing Mechanics Of Military Personnel And Effects Of A Lumbopelvic Hip Complex 6 Week Intervention Program, Derek Wahl

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

The purpose of this study was to determine if a six-week lumbopelvic-hip complex [LPHC] intervention program would affect the landing mechanics of active ARMY ROTC cadets. Ten male Army ROTC cadets [182.3 + 4.5 cm; 86.7 + 9.2 kg; 19.5 + 0.8 yrs] were recruited for this study. Participants performed a drop landing protocol pre and post LPHC intervention program. The LPHC intervention program consisted of six minutes of five body weight exercises prior to every organized ROTC conditioning that occurred three days a week for six weeks; consisting of 10 total exercises that were randomly alternated throughout the treatment …

You Should Know Jack: A Qualitative Study Of The Jack Lalanne Show (1951-~1965), Robert Cochrane

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Jack LaLanne hosted the first and longest running fitness program in United States broadcast history from 1951 through 1985. Since LaLanne's rise as a broadcasting celebrity, the health and fitness industry has grown from a small, somewhat-maligned field into a multi-billion dollar per year economy of its own. As LaLanne reached iconic status through his show, his name became synonymous with good health and nutrition, but the messages of his show went far beyond simple exercises. He used religious, patriotic, and biomedical messages to get his points across. In addition, he was a showman who sang to his audience, used …

Exercise-Induced Neuroprotection In A Hemiparkinsonian 6-Hydroxydopamine Rat Model, Merrill Russen Landers

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Outside of finding a cure, one of the preeminent goals of research in Parkinson's disease (PD) is finding a neuroprotective treatment that when applied prior to the onset of the disease will decrease the risk and severity of the subsequent disease. One such treatment that has potential as a neuroprotective agent in PD is exercise. Several studies have found forced exercise to be protective of Parkinson's disease in adult rodent models; however, few of these studies have used a design wherein voluntary exercise was evaluated. Moreover, no study has used a true neuroprotective design in which exercise was applied prior …

The Acute Effect Of Endurance Exercise On Lipoproteins Measured By Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (Nmr) In Healthy Men, Hanaa Adnan Shaheen

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents a major cause of death in the United States, with abnormal levels of blood lipids and physical inactivity considered as major modifiable risk factors. The conventional lipid profile has been used to assess for CVD risk by directly measuring the concentrations of blood lipids. However, lipoprotein particle size and number obtained from a novel method, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) may also asses for CVD risk with greater sensitivity. Exercise and increased physical activity has been shown to produce favorable effects on blood lipids and consequently reduce CVD risk. To understand this effect, it is important …

Reliability And Validity Of The Body Caliper To Evaluate Body Composition, Gregory L. Stalker

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The Body Caliper is a relatively new model of skin–fold caliper (approximately 13 years old) whose reliability and validity has yet to be investigated on an adult population. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability and validity of the Body Caliper as an instrument and method for evaluating body composition in adults. One hundred adults (62 men, 38 women) aged 18 to 60 years participated in this cross–sectional study. Skin–fold measurements were taken with the Body Caliper using the YMCA protocol, and body density was calculated by the Jackson & Pollock sum–of–3 equations for men and …

Active Recovery And Electro-Muscular Stimulation On Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness After Endurance Running: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Amanda J. Gramly, Kitrick C. Rhodes, Andrea F. Smith

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Background/Purpose: Current research on strategies to decrease delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) has focused on the effects of active and passive recovery on athletic performance across various sports, but there is little evidence regarding these recoveries at reducing DOMS induced by aerobic activities, such as running. In addition, there is limited research regarding the efficacy of recovery using electro-muscular stimulation (EMS). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of active and EMS recovery in decreasing DOMS. Subjects: Forty-eight healthy subjects (25 males and 23 females) between the ages of 20 and 40 (25.1 ± 2.9) participated. …

Exercise And Nutrition Survey Of Nevada Air National Guard Members, Matthew Antonio Demattei

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

One hundred seventy-three Nevada Air National Guard members voluntarily participated in this exercise science and nutrition survey-based study. The survey consisted of ten closed-ended questions; the intent of the study was to determine whether the participants were willing to attend exercise science or nutrition related classes, or if the participants were willing to instruct exercise science or nutrition classes if they possessed a degree in either field. Forty-six females, and one hundred twenty-seven males participated in this study; one hundred thirty-six of the respondents were enlisted, and thirty-seven of the respondents were officers. Participants were demographically separated by age groups …

A Comparison Of Handwriting And Typing With Regard To The Development Of Memory, Cailidh Pederson

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Sensitivity Of The Wolf’S And Rostein’S Algorithms To Evaluate Local Dynamic Stability From Small Gait Data Sets, Fabien Cignetti, Leslie M. Decker, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

The Wolf’s (W-algorithm) and Rosenstein’s (R-algorithm) algorithms have been used to quantify local dynamic stability (largest Lyapunov exponent, λ ₁) in gait, with prevalence of the latter one that is considered more suitable for small data sets. However, such a claim has never been investigated. To address it, the λ ₁ of the Lorenz attractor was estimated using small data sets and varied delays and embedding dimensions. Overall, the λ ₁ estimates from the R-algorithm got closer to the theoretical exponent than those from the W-algorithm. The W-algorithm also overestimated λ _{1 …}

Immediate Effects Of High Intensity Training In Children With Cerebral Palsy Gmfcs Levels I-Iii: A Pilot Study, Andrea Blahovec, Andrea Kuiken, Jillian Mears, Heather Riggins

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Background: Cerebral Palsy is one of the most common causes of motor disability in the U.S., but there is still a lack of consensus for best intervention strategies to improve function and gait efficiency.

Objective: Determine if ambulatory children with CP, exposed to a brief, high intensity training session, will: 1) experience changes in temporal-spatial gait characteristics 2) demonstrate increased gait speed and 3) demonstrate improved gait kinematics.

Design: Five participants walked at preferred and fast speeds over an instrumented walkway followed by a 15-minute intervention. After a short rest, post-intervention walking was completed.

Results: Ten dependent variables were extracted …

Muscular Activity Characteristics Associated With Preparation For Gait Transition, Li Li, Lorna L. Ogden

Health Sciences & Kinesiology: Faculty Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate lower extremity neuromuscular activity patterns during gait transitions with continuously changing locomotion speeds.

Methods: Muscular activities related to gait transitions (walk to run and run to walk) induced by changing treadmill speed were compared to muscular activities during walk and run at constant speeds. All transition and constant speed conditions were conducted in similar speed range. Surface electromyographic activities of gluteus maximus (GM), rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris long head (BFL), tibialis anterior (TA), gastrocnemius (GA), and soleus (SL) were collected and analyzed. The influences of speed and …

People Can Live Longer By Having More Physical Activity, Li Li

Health Sciences & Kinesiology: Faculty Publications

We all know being physically active is good for you. But do we know how good? People can live up to 3 years longer, even with as little as 15 min of physical activity a day, according to last October's report by Wen and his colleagues¹at the China Medical University in Taiwan, China.

Many researchers in the field of sport and health sciences know being physically active can bring many benefits to one's life. But this message has sometimes been disseminated using a negative tone. So much so, Bortz² of California, USA, has coined the word “inactivity” …

A Two-Stage Cluster Sampling Method Using Gridded Population Data, A Gis, And Google Earth Tm Imagery In A Population-Based Mortality Survey In Iraq, Lindsay P. Galway, Nathaniel Bell Ph.D., Sahar A.E. Al Shatari, Amy Hagopian, Gilbert Burnham, Abraham Flaxman, Wiliam M. Weiss, Julie Rajaratnam, Tim K. Takaro

Publications

Background: Mortality estimates can measure and monitor the impacts of conflict on a population, guide humanitarian efforts, and help to better understand the public health impacts of conflict. Vital statistics registration and surveillance systems are rarely functional in conflict settings, posing a challenge of estimating mortality using retrospective population-based surveys.Results: We present a two-stage cluster sampling method for application in population-based mortality surveys. The sampling method utilizes gridded population data and a geographic information system (GIS) to select clusters in the first sampling stage and Google Earth TM imagery and sampling grids to select households in the second sampling stage. …

The Effects Of Dance On Mood, Self Esteem, And Body Composition., Sara Townley

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Dance is rapidly growing as a widely recognized form of exercise, but how effective is it at improving body composition and what other effects may it have on a person’s body? Some research suggests that dance does improve body composition and mental health over time, but no extensive research directed at females has been done.

Impact Forces Of Jump Landings Between Beginner And Elite Dancers, Tomeika Walker

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Unlike most athletic activities, dancers complete the vast majority of their training by concentrating solely on dance technique, with very little to no other forms of exercise. This limitation obviously increases probability of excelling in dance, however it can pose some obstacles in regards to the overall health and sustainability of the dancer, in particular to the joints. Jumping is an integral part of dance technique and as they advance in training, dancers are taught many forms of jumps, but may not be aware of the amount of force absorbed by the joints upon landing.

The Use Of The Blood Lactate Curve To Develop Training Intensity Guidelines For The Sports Of Track And Field And Cross-Country, Chris P. Belcher, Cynthia L. Pemberton

International Journal of Exercise Science

Int J Exerc Sci 5(2) : 148-159, 2012. The purpose of this study was to develop and field test a standardized system of training intensity guidelines for the sport of track and field/cross country, modeled after the standardized system of training intensity guidelines developed, adopted, and in use by U.S.A. Swimming. This study was quantitative and focused on the development and field-testing of standardized training intensity guidelines, based on the blood lactate curve and energy metabolism. The findings showed that as intensity increased so did participants’ blood lactate concentration, heart rate, and ratings of perceived exertion. A Pearson product-moment correlation …

Effects Of Short Term Low Intensity Resistance Training With Blood Flow Restriction On Bone Markers And Muscle Cross-Sectional Area In Young Men, Sojung Kim, Vanessa D. Sherk, Michael G. Bemben, Debra A. Bemben

International Journal of Exercise Science

Int J Exerc Sci 5(2) : 136-147, 2012. This study compared the effects of short term resistance training with and without blood flow restriction (BFR) on bone turnover markers and muscle cross-sectional area (MCSA) in young men (18-35 yrs). Subjects were randomly assigned to a BFR (20% 1RM) resistance training group (BFRT, n=10), a high intensity (80% 1RM) resistance training group (RT, n=10), or a BFR only group (BFR, n=10). Both BFRT and RT trained 3 days per week (2 sets, 10 repetitions) for 3 weeks for leg press, knee extension, and knee flexion isotonic exercises. BFR underwent the BFR …

Sam: A Tool For Measurement Of Moderate To Vigorous Physical Activity (Mvpa) In School Physical Education, Kampol Surapiboonchai, Steven R. Furney, Robert F. Reardon, James Eldridge, Tinker D. Murray

International Journal of Exercise Science

Int J Exerc Sci 5(2) : 127-135, 2012. Observational methods have been a primary methodology used by physical educators for assessing teacher and student behaviors in school physical education (PE) classes for over 30 years. Observational instruments traditionally used in PE are economical, but are time intensive and complicated. Recently national PE recommendations have been promoted to encourage practitioners to achieve ≥ 50% of PE class in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The purpose of this preliminary study was to develop, validate, and test the reliability of the Simple Activity Measurement (SAM) instrument for assessing MVPA during school PE …

Ground Reaction Forces Generated By Twenty-Eight Hatha Yoga Postures, Sylvia J. Wilcox, Ron Hager, Barbara Lockhart, Matthew K. Seeley

International Journal of Exercise Science

Int J Exerc Sci 5(2) : 114-126, 2012. Adherents claim many benefits from the practice of yoga, including promotion of bone health and prevention of osteoporosis. However, no known studies have investigated whether yoga enhances bone mineral density. Furthermore, none have estimated reaction forces applied by yoga practitioners. The purpose of this study was to collect ground reaction force (GRF) data on a variety of hatha yoga postures that would commonly be practiced in fitness centers or private studios. Twelve female and eight male volunteers performed a sequence of 28 hatha yoga postures while GRF data were collected with an …

Differences In Force-Velocity Characteristics Of Upper And Lower Limbs Of Non-Competitive Male Boxers, Danai Giovani, Pantelis Theodoros Nikolaidis

International Journal of Exercise Science

Int J Exerc Sci 5(2) : 106-113, 2012. Despite the increasing popularity of boxing, only a few studies have been conducted on the physiology or the biomechanics of this sport. The aim of the present study is to examine the ratios of mechanical characteristics (maximal anaerobic power, P_max, theoretical maximal force, F₀, and velocity, v₀) between upper and lower limbs of male boxers. Twelve male caucasians, all members of a local fitness club, aged 29.5 (3.2) yr [mean (standard deviation)], stature 1.74 (.05) m, body mass 77.9 (8.1) kg, body fat 22.4 (3.9) % …

Acute Effects Of Static And Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching On Agility Performance In Elite Youth Soccer Players, J. Bradley Jordan, Ajit D. Korgaokar, Richard S. Farley, Jennifer L. Caputo

International Journal of Exercise Science

Int J Exerc Sci 5(2) : 97-105, 2012. A warm-up is an important part of preparation for a soccer match. Stretching is typically part of the warm-up however, debate exists as to the most appropriate type of stretching to perform. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of static and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching on soccer-specific agility performance in 14 male elite, premier league youth soccer players. Participants completed 4 trials of the Balsom agility test while dribbling a soccer ball. Height, age, and body mass were collected in trial 1 and participants were accommodated to …

Research And Critical Thinking : An Important Link For Exercise Science Students Transitioning To Physical Therapy, Harvey W. Wallmann, Donald L. Hoover

International Journal of Exercise Science

Int J Exerc Sci 5(2) : 93-96, 2012. Critical thinking skills are increasingly necessary for success in professional health care careers. Changes in the contemporary healthcare system in the United States arguably make these critical thinking skills more important than they have ever been, as clinicians are required on a daily basis to evaluate multiple bits of information about patients with multiple-systemic health concerns and make appropriate treatment decisions based on this information. We believe the IJES, with its emphasis on engaging undergraduate and graduate students in research and scholarly activity, is a valuable resource for promoting the higher-order critical …

A Biomechanical Analysis Of The Gymnastics Cartwheel Using Dartfish Motion Analysis Software, Keilea Bullard

Undergraduate Research Conference

The biomechanical analysis required videotaping two subjects performing the cartwheel to the best of their ability. Strict protocols were followed to ensure the analysis was accurate. In order to measure distances in the Dartfish program, an object of known length had to be recorded. Subjects were asked to hold a scaling rod for ten seconds before beginning their trials. Subjects recorded four trials each and all data was imported into the Dartfish program. Average trials for both subjects were chosen to be analyzed extensively for strengths, weaknesses and most importantly the overall biomechanics of the cartwheel. The subjects’ video was …

Communicator, April 2012, San Jose State University, Department Of Kinesiology

Communicator (Kinesiology)

Volume 24, Issue 4

Associations Between Screen-Based Sedentary Behavior And Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors In Korean Youth, Wonwoo Byun, Marsha Dowda, Russell R. Pate

Faculty Publications

The purposes of this study were to: 1) describe the patterns of screen-based sedentary behaviors, and 2) examine the association between screen-based sedentary behavior and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in representative Korean children and adolescents, aged 12 to 18 yr, in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Screen-based sedentary behavior was measured using self-report questionnaires that included items for time spent watching TV and playing PC/video games. Physical activity was measured using items for frequency and duration of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). CVD risk factors such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, …

Bigger Bodies, Bigger Bruises: How Men’S Collegiate Hockey Player Sizes Affect Injury Rates 1989-2004, Kimberly Deane

Honors Theses and Capstones

This study looks at men's collegiate hockey player sizes from 1989-2004 and correlates that data with the growth in injury rates seen within the same time period. Results show that player size (in terms of weight) has a statistically significant effect on player injury rates.