Kinesiology Commons^™

Eating And Exercise Behaviors, And Motivational Differences Between Kinesiology Majors And Non-Majors, Elizabeth L. Haddock, Stacey A. Gaines

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Eating and exercise behaviors have garnered a substantial amount of research attention. Several health risks are known to be lower in individuals who exercise, yet only 35% of college students exercise on a regular basis (Silliman, Rodas-Fortier, & Neyman, 2004). Despite the evidence suggesting healthy eating and exercise habits to reduce chronic disease, college students typically do not meet their own stated goals for exercise and nutrition, or goals set forth by national guidelines (Walace, et al., 2000). Therefore, a college campus is a challenging yet necessary setting for people to overcome barriers and obstacles in their lives that may …

The Analysis Of Two Different Types Of Tapers On Exercise Performance, Christina Rial, David L. Nichols Ph.D., Facsm

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in a step taper and an exponential decay taper across time. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups, the step (n = 9) or exponential decay (n = 11) group. The participant’s baseline tested, trained for 4 weeks, pre tested, tapered for one week, and then post tested. The exponential group (15.56 ± 1.33; 10.64 ± 1.21) had a significantly lower RPE compared to the step group (16.20 ± 2.68; 11.13 ± 0.64) in stage 4 of the pretest and in stage 2 of the posttest (p ≤ .05). …

Muscle Activation In Barefoot Running, Jerroed Roberson

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

The purpose of this study was to compare muscle activation in the lower leg while wearing normal athletic shoes and Vibram Fivefinger toe shoes.

The Effects Of Oxyelite Pro On The Response To Maximal Exercise, Vanessa Romero

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Caffeine has been recognized for years as an ergogenic aid to exercise performance. Commonly found in energy drinks, sports gels and pre workout supplements caffeine is also a primary ingredient in one of American’s highly sought after quick fix__ diet aids. Not regulated by the FDA and commonly abused, diet pills fail to address what impact, if any, they may have on one’s exercise response that could compromise safety. With recent research finding exercise performance to be enhanced after ingestion of caffeine and appetite suppressant mixture as compared to either drug alone, this study sets out to investigate the effects …

The Effects Of Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation On Blood Lactate Accumulation, Tyler Story

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of sodium bicarbonate supplementation on blood lactate and muscle soreness.

The Effects Of Pre-Exercise Carbohydrate Drink On Maximal Exercise Performance, Martin Ricketts

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

The purpose of this study was to evaluate maximal exercise performance values of men following consumption of Gatorade Prime.

Effect Of Kinesio Taping On Biceps Brachii Isokinetic Function In Healthy Subjects, Phuoc Nguyen

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of Kinesio taping on biceps brachii muscle performance during an isokinetic exercise (biceps curls).

Thermal Therapy And The Effects Of Hot And Cold On Blood Lactate After An Isotonic Exercise, Yen Pham

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) describes a phenomenon of muscle pain or soreness that frequently occurs as a result of strenuous physical activity. DOMS occurs especially during the first few days after such activity. Because DOMS results in functional loss and related activity restriction, prevention and treatment are both important factors to recreational and competitive athletes, and to anyone who participates in vigorous exercises and activities of daily living. Lactic acid and its accumulation was once thought to be a major cause of DOMS, however this is not the case. Research suggested that blood lactate returns to resting levels within one …

Comparing The Efficacy Of Pre Carbohydrate Supplements In Drink And Chew Form On Vo2 Max, Lactate, Glucose, And Heart Rate, Andrew Owens

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

The purpose of this study was to determine if a pre exercise carbohydrate in chew form was more beneficial towards maximal exercise than in drink form.

The Effects Of O2 Gold Advanced On Vo2 Max Test, Kathleen Morel

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is the maximum capacity of the body to transport and utilize oxygen during incremental exercise. It is expressed either as an absolute rate in liters of oxygen per minute (L/min) or as a relative rate in milliliters of oxygen per kilogram of body weight per minute (ml/kg/min). Research has shown that nitric oxide (NO) is an important regulator of blood flow and mitochondrial respiration during physical exercise. The specific purpose of this research study is to determine the effects of nitric oxide supplements, specifically O2 Gold Advanced, on maximal testing and whether it increases VO2 …

Effect Of A Pre-Workout Supplement On Performance During A Maximal Exertion Vo2 Max Test, Christopher Mcneely

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a pre-workout supplement (MusclePrime) on the performance of men and women during a VO2max treadmill test.

Zumba: Analysis Of Fitness, Ashley Hackney

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Zumba is a Colombian dance based fitness program that was developed in the late 1990s. The exercises use music with fast and slow rhythms and may also include resistance training. This new and sometimes intense workout is also being introduced to many women as a way to lose weight.

The Effects Of Bicycle Warm Up On Maximal Exercise Performance, Bruce Lamotte

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Warm up is widely used in athletic events. Warm up is primarily used to increase performance through increasing muscle and core temperature. The increase in muscle and core temperature is thought to increase blood flow throughout the body, and therefore increase oxygen delivery to the exercising muscles (Bishop et al, 2002). Warm up also acts to reduce muscle and joint stiffness, increase transmission rate of nerve impulses, and change the force velocity relationship (Bishop, 2003)

The Accuracy Of The Traditional Predicted Maximal Heart Rate And Related Equations, Melvin Ibana

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Most aerobic exercise programs are based on a percentage of an individual’s maximal heart or heart rate reserve, of which maximal heart rate is a component. Maximal heart rate is the highest heart rate achieved by an individual while working at their maximal intensity, usually to fatigue. Maximal heart rate is related to an individual’s age but is not completely dependent upon it. But there are risks that come with exercising maximally and some people do not want to put forth the effort; hence, prediction equations were created. Numerous equations for the prediction of maximal heart rate have been created, …

The Effects Of An Energy Drink On Performance, Connie Fair

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Athletes and individuals alike are always in search of something to increase their ability to perform. Caffeine is not a new substance to sports and has been shown, in some studies, to help performance. Energy drinks have become a major source of caffeine consumption in recent years. With the increase in consumption come questions as to whether these drinks will actually live up to their claims of increased energy, concentration, performance and reduced reaction time.

The Acute Effects Of A Deep Breathing Warm Up On Vo2, Hr, Rpe, And Time To Exhaustion, Cliff Gardner

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

The purpose of this study was to determine what effects, if any, that a deep breathing warm up will have on HR, RPE, VO2, and time to exhaustion during a Bruce Protocol VO2 Max Test.

Right Leg Strength Of Soccer Players With In Comparison Of Forward And Defense Position, Brian Brunet

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

The purpose of this experiment was to compare the strength of the right quadriceps and hamstring muscles of soccer players in the forward (F) and defense (D) positions.

A Simple Exoskeleton That Assists Plantarflexion Can Reduce The Metabolic Cost Of Human Walking, Philippe Malcolm, Wim Derave, Samuel Galle, Dirk De Clercq

Journal Articles

Background

Even though walking can be sustained for great distances, considerable energy is required for plantarflexion around the instant of opposite leg heel contact. Different groups attempted to reduce metabolic cost with exoskeletons but none could achieve a reduction beyond the level of walking without exoskeleton, possibly because there is no consensus on the optimal actuation timing. The main research question of our study was whether it is possible to obtain a higher reduction in metabolic cost by tuning the actuation timing.

Methodology/Principal Findings

We measured metabolic cost by means of respiratory gas analysis. Test subjects walked with a simple …

The Correlation Between Parental Perception Of Movement Difficulties And Scoring On A Motor Proficiency Assessment, Ketaki Deo, Danielle Henry

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Children with movement difficulties face more challenges in activities of daily living, especially those involving fine motor control, manual coordination, and balance. Parental perception has been considered a reliable and valid source of information regarding their child’s current skill level despite their tendency to overestimate future skill levels

The Relationship Of Various Measures Of Body Composition To Blood Sugar Levels, Eunice T. Aderemi

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was a relationship between varied body composition and blood sugar levels in young adults.

Young Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder Have Difficulties Estimating Reach Space With Tools, Michael Romero, Melvin Ibana

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) have low motor skills that include marked delays in achieving motor milestones, poor balance, low coordination and handwriting difficulties. Children with DCD often have difficulties with planning and generating a precise visuospatial representation of intended actions, however; little is known about their accuracy when planning motor actions with tools that extend reach space

Performance Consistency In Various Motor Assessments Performed By Children With Development Coordination Disorder, Jennifer Chuang

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) have low motor skills that include marked delays in achieving motor milestones, poor balance, low coordination and handwriting difficulties. Because of the heterogeneous nature of this condition and its comorbidity with other disorders, it is difficult to develop a single profile of motor skill deficiencies in children with DCD and it remains unclear how a particular child with DCD may perform in an array of motor assessment batteries.

A Comparison Of Upper Extremity Function Between Female Breast Cancer Survivors And Healthy Controls: Typical Self-Report Of Function, Motion, Strength, And Muscular Endurance, Mary Insana Fisher

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Many women who have experienced breast cancer (BC) report continued impairments in upper extremity (UE) function beyond the time required for normal healing after surgical treatment. Most research supporting this has not made comparisons between survivors of breast cancer (BCS) to a sample of healthy women. This lack of comparison to a healthy cohort prevents an understanding of whether continued deficits in UE function are due to normal aging or the BC treatment.

The purpose of this research was to compare quality of life (QOL) and UE function among long term breast cancer survivors and similar aged women without cancer. …

Communicator, Feb. 2013, San Jose State University, Department Of Kinesiology

Communicator (Kinesiology)

Volume 25, Issue 3

Influence Of Upper-Body Exercise Order On Hormonal Responses In Trained Men, Roberto Simao, Richard Diego Leite, Guilherme Fleury Fina Speretta, Alex Souto Maior, Belmiro Freitas De Salles, Tacito Pessoa De Souza Jr, Jakob L. Vingren, Jeffrey Willardson

Faculty Research and Creative Activity

The aim of this study was to examine acute hormonal responses after different sequences of an upper-body resistance-exercise session. Twenty men completed 2 sessions (3 sets; 70% 1-repetition maximum; 2 min passive rest between sets) of the same exercises in opposite sequences (larger to smaller vs. smaller to larger muscle-group exercises). Total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (FT), testosterone/cortisol (T/C) ratio, sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), growth hormone (GH), and cortisol (C) concentrations were measured before and immediately after each sequence. The results indicate that the GH concentration increased after both sessions, but the increase was significantly greater (p < 0.05) after the sequence in which larger muscle-group exercises were performed prior to the smaller muscle-group exercises. No differences were observed between sessions for TT, FT, SHBG, C, or the T/C ratio at baseline or immediately after resistance exercise. These results indicate that performing larger muscle-group exercises first in an upper-body resistance-exercise session leads to a significantly greater GH response. This may have been due to the significantly greater exercise volume accomplished. In summary, the findings of this investigation support the common prescriptive recommendation to perform larger-muscle group exercises first during a resistance-exercise session.

Too Much Puff, Not Enough Push? Surf Lifeguard Simulated Cpr Performance, Kevin Moran, Jonathon Webber

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

The purpose of this paper is to report on the technical competency of volunteer surf lifeguards to perform CPR on a manikin in light of their lifeguard experience, age, and gender. The CPR skills of surf lifeguards on patrol at the beginning of the 2010-11 summer season were tested on manikins by observation of CPR procedures and electronic recording of compression and ventilation skills. Almost all lifeguards (n=252) made the appropriate initial checks for responsiveness (98%). Compression skills were generally performed accurately with few technical errors (such as incomplete release). Most lifeguards (87%) over-ventilated the lungs (> 600ml) on each …

Kinematic And Kinetic Analysis Of Planned And Unplanned Gait Termination In Children, Sarah T. Ridge, John Henley, Kurt Manal, Freeman Miller, James G. Richards

Faculty Publications

Gait termination is a task which requires people to alter momentum and stabilize the body. To date, many of the kinematic and kinetic characteristics of gait termination have not been reported, making it difficult for clinicians to design interventions to improve the ability to terminate gait quickly and efficiently. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to describe the lower body mechanics of healthy children as they performed walking trials, planned stopping trials, and unplanned stopping trials. Kinematic and kinetic data were collected from 15 healthy children between the ages of 11 and 17 years (14.3 ± 2.1 years). The …

Stroke Survivors Control The Temporal Structure Of Variability During Reaching In Dynamic Environments, Mukul Mukherjee, Panagiotis Koutakis, K.-C. Siu, Pierre B. Fayad, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

Learning to control forces is known to reduce the amount of movement variability (e.g., standard deviation; SD) while also altering the temporal structure of movement variability (e.g., approximate entropy; ApEn). Such variability control has not been explored in stroke survivors during reaching movements in dynamic environments. Whether augmented feedback affects such variability control, is also unknown. Chronic stroke survivors, assigned randomly to a control/experimental group, learned reaching movements in a dynamically changing environment while receiving either true feedback of their movement (control) or augmented visual feedback (experimental). Hand movement variability was analyzed using SD and ApEn. A significant change in …

The Appropriate Use Of Approximate Entropy And Sample Entropy With Short Data Sets, Jenna M. Yentes, Nathaniel Hunt, Kendra K. Schmid, Jeffrey P. Kaipust, Denise Mcgrath, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

Approximate entropy (ApEn) and sample entropy (SampEn) are mathematical algorithms created to measure the repeatability or predictability within a time series. Both algorithms are extremely sensitive to their input parameters: m (length of the data segment being compared), r (similarity criterion), and N (length of data). There is no established consensus on parameter selection in short data sets, especially for biological data. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to examine the robustness of these two entropy algorithms by exploring the effect of changing parameter values on short data sets. Data with known theoretical entropy qualities as well as experimental …

Temporal Structure Of Variability Decreases In Upper Extremity Movements Post Stroke, Amit Sethi, Tara Patterson, Theresa Mcguirk, Carolynn Patten, Lorie G. Richards, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

Methods: Sixteen participants with chronic stroke and nine age-matched controls performed three trials of functional reach-to-grasp. The amount of variability was quantified by computing the standard deviation of shoulder, elbow, wrist and index finger flexion/extension joint angles. The temporal structure of variability was determined by calculating approximate entropy in shoulder, elbow, wrist and index finger flexion/extension joint angles.

Findings: Individuals with stroke demonstrated greater standard deviations and significantly reduced approximate entropy values as compared to controls. Furthermore, motor impairments and kinematics demonstrated moderate to strong correlations with temporal structure of variability.

Interpretation: Changes in the temporal structure of variability in …