Kinesiology Commons^™

Ventilatory Threshold Responses At Different Percentages Of Body Weight On The Alter-G Anti-Gravity Treadmill: A Pilot Study, N. Santillo, M. Figueroa, T. Lasala, J. Manning

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Santillo, N., Figueroa, M., Lasala, T., Manning, J., William Paterson University, Wayne NJ

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if changes occurred in the ventilatory threshold (VT) upon manipulation of body weight (BW) when comparing 80% to 100% of BW in healthy college aged individuals on the Alter-G® anti-gravity treadmill. Methods: A modified Bruce Protocol was used to measure oxygen consumption (VO_2peak) on 10 subjects (5 males, 5 females) at 100%, and 80% of BW. Testing protocols were randomized with two weeks in between each test. VT was determined by the software algorithm in the …

Examination Of Exercise Behaviors, Exercise Barriers And Exercise Self-Efficacy Of British Adults, M. Sadler, M. Brown, K. Dugan, J. Litchauer, K. Port, K. Smith

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Sadler, M., Brown, M., Dugan, K., Litchauer, J., Port, K., Smith, K., Slippery Rock University, Slippery Rock, PA

Purpose: To examine the exercise behaviors, barriers and self-efficacy of British adults. Methods: A survey was constructed based upon previously validated questionnaires and was randomly administered to subjects in various British cities. Seventy nine subjects, with a mean age of 31.92+12.03 participated in this study. Results: Subjects reported engaging in vigorous physical activity 3.5+2.94 days/week. The table below illustrates the modes of exercise regularly performed by the subjects. Subjects could report participating in more than one mode of exercise. Table1. The Table …

Effect Of Beta-Adrenergic Blockade On Coronary Blood Flow During Isometric Exercise In Older Adults, A. Ross, Z. Gao, M. Heffernan, U. Leuenberger, L. Sinoway, M. Muller

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Ross A., Gao Z., Heffernan M., Leuenberger U., Sinoway L., Muller M. Penn State Hershey Heart and Vascular Institute, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA

The rise in heart rate (HR) and cardiac contractility during exercise is due to activation of myocardial b-adrenergic receptors. b-receptors are also located on coronary blood vessels and are thought to participate in exercise hyperemia, thereby helping to preserve the balance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand. However, experimental data in human subjects are lacking. Purpose: We hypothesized that intravenous b-adrenergic blockade would attenuate the reflex tachycardia and coronary hyperemia in response to …

Comparison Of Young And Functional Fit Older Adults On Temporal Spatial Gait Parameters, S. Paulson, M. Gray

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

¹Paulson, S., ²Gray, M. ¹Shippensburg University, Shippensburg, PA; ²University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR

Gait speed (GS) has been recognized as an integral component of functional independence. Further, step length (SL), cadence (CAD) and the percentage of the gait cycle in spent in stance (%ST) have been associated with risk of falls and mobility disability among older adults. Purpose: This study examined temporal spatial gait variables in young and low and high functionally fit older adults. Methods: Twenty older and 12 younger adults (CON; M±SD = age: 22.3±1.8, height 1.7±0.1 m, mass 66.1±11.8 kg) completed two 20 …

Increased Frequency Of Moderate Intensity Walking Increases Consumption Of Low Energy Density Foods, L. Panek-Scarborough, J. Temple

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Panek-Scarborough, L., Temple, J., University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY

Figure 1: Mean + SEM change in laboratory energy consumed from pre to post exercise intervention from HED foods (top) and LED foods (bottom). The 5 day/week group consumed significantly more energy from LED food from pre- to post-exercise treatment (p = 0.002) compared to the other groups.

Background: There is evidence that exercise has an effect on the type and amount of food consumed. One factor that regulates eating is the reinforcing value of food. While previous studies have demonstrated interactions between exercise and eating, to date, no one has …

The Influence Of Prophylactic Ankle Strategies On Vertical Jump Performance, C. Nelson, S. Paulson

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Nelson, C., Paulson, S. Shippensburg University, Shippensburg, PA

Purpose: This study examined the effects of prophylactic ankle taping (PAT) and bracing (PAB) on lower extremity kinematics during vertical jump (VJ) performance. Methods: Eighteen volunteers (M±SD = age: 21.4±0.9, height 170.9±10.0 cm, mass 73.2±14.5 kg, body fat 17.3±6.7%) completed the VJ under three conditions: standard PAT, lace-up PAB, and no treatment (CON). Each testing session was separated by a min of 24 hrs in a randomized and counter-balanced order. Prior to testing, the prophylactic ankle condition was applied and six reflective markers were placed along the right side of the body. …

Predictability Of Muscle Fiber Characteristics Using The Biodex System 3, N. Nannapaneni, G. Schmidt, M. Cox, R. Boutote

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Nannapaneni, N., Schmidt, G. (FACSM), Cox, M., Boutote, R., William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine whether the isokinetic dynamometer is capable of distinguishing muscle fiber characteristics between men and women. Methods: 14 participants (7 men and 7 women) of various fitness levels volunteered for this study. Isokinetic testing was conducted using the BIODEX System 3 dynamometer. Each participant was secured in the chair; seat height was adjusted; knee alignment was set at the lateral joint line adjacent to the dynamometer. Power Test: Participants performed 5 sets of 1 maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) …

Vigorous And High Intensity Training With An Anti-Gravity Treadmill, E. Muñoz, M. Figueroa, J. Manning

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Muñoz, E., Figueroa, M., Manning, J.,William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare two different training intensities on and anti-gravity treadmill and to determine whether or not one elicited changes that were more favorable. Methods: Pre and post measures of oxygen consumption (VO₂peak), body fat (BF)% and body mass index (BMI) were collected on twelve subjects, which were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 trained at 80% body weight (BW) 3 x / week, for 8 weeks, at 70% heart rate reserve (HRR) for 30 minutes. Group 2 trained at 90% BW, …

Predictive Validity Of Critical Power And Functional Threshold Power For Mountain Bike Race Performance., M. Miller, C. Witmer, G. Moir, S. Davis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Miller, M., Witmer, C., Moir, G., Davis, S., East Stroudsburg University, East Stroudsburg, PA

Purpose: This study tested the predictive validity of critical power (CP) and functional threshold power (FTP) for mountain bike cross-country (MTB) race performance. Methods: Five well-trained MTB athletes (mean ± s: age: 31.4 ± 9.3 years; mass: 70.8 ± 9.5kg; VO_2max: 63.8 ± 7.0 ml/kg/min) volunteered for this study. Participants’ FTP was measured during a ramped cycle ergometer test to exhaustion and was indicated as the point at which blood lactate reached 4.0 mmol/L. This test also served to measure the gas exchange …

The Effects Of Ankle Taping And Bracing On Agility, Vertical Jump, And Power, T.M. Leonard, J.S. Rotay, S. Paulson, J. Sanders

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Leonard, T. M., Rotay, J. S., Paulson, S., Sanders, J., Shippensburg University, Shippensburg, PA

Ankle sprains are the most common injury in athletics. Ankle bracing and taping are widely used in order to prevent ankle injuries. Purpose: The primary purpose was to examine the effects of ankle taping and bracing on agility, maximum vertical jump (MVJ) height, and vertical power. The secondary purpose was to determine if there were performance differences in training status (athletic vs. non-athletic) between the conditions. Methods: Nineteen participants (Age 20.6±1.5 yr, Height 173.7±11.9 cm, Mass 77.3±18.0 kg) volunteered. Of the 19 participants, 10 (8 male, …

Resistance Exercise, Carotid Artery Stiffness, And Cerebral Blood Flow Pulsatility, W. Lefferts, J. Augustine, K. Heffernan

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Lefferts, W., Augustine, J., Heffernan, K., Department of Exercise Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY

Cross-sectional studies have identified arterial stiffness as an important correlate of cerebral blood flow (CBF) pulsatility, an important predictor of cerebrovascular damage. Central artery stiffness increases acutely following a bout of resistance exercise (RE). It has yet to be elucidated whether RE-induced increases in arterial stiffness affect CBF pulsatility. Purpose: To investigate the effects of acute RE on carotid artery stiffness and CBF pulsatility. Methods: 18 healthy men (age 22 ± 1 yr; BMI 23.7 ± 0.5 kg∙m^-2) underwent a) acute RE …

Effects Of Simple Carbohydrate Vs. Carbohydrate-Protein Intake On Glucose Homeostasis Following Intense Exercise, J. Kluka, J. Baskerville, K. Clifton, K. Fisher, D. Marks, C. Weidner, P. Veerabhadrappa, W.A. Braun

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Kluka, J., Baskerville, J., Clifton, K., Fisher, K., Marks, D., Weidner, C., Veerabhadrappa, P. and Braun, W.A. (FACSM), Shippensburg University, Shippensburg, PA.

Purpose: To test the effects of simple carbohydrate (CHO) and the combination of CHO and protein on blood glucose (BG) clearance following intense anaerobic exercise. Methods: Eight members (age = 18.8 ± 1.4 years) of the Shippensburg University Football team participated in the study. On separate test days, subjects were given either a placebo (PL) drink, a CHO drink (74 g CHO in 473 ml), or a carbohydrate-protein (C-PRO) drink (58 g CHO and 16 g PRO in …

The Acute Effects Of Patterned Electrical Neuromuscular Stimulation On Quadriceps Torque Production And Motor Unit Recruitment, John A. Derington

Theses and Dissertations

Electric muscle stimulation (EMS) has been widely used in the rehabilitation of musculoskeletal injuries. Patterned electrical neuromuscular stimulation (PENS), a specific form of EMS, has been developed to better educate muscles to contract properly. The physiological efficacy of PENS has not been quantifiably identified. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to determine the acute effect of one PENS training session (3 sets of 10 1-sec repetitions) on maximal isometric knee extensor (MVIC) torque production and surface EMG (sEMG) in healthy nonathlete college students. DESIGN: A randomized repeated-measures design was used in this study. METHODS: Twenty-two male college students participated …

Effectiveness Of A Football Over Helmet Padding System In Reducing Peak Acceleration Of The Head And Severity Index 2014, Nicole Cuccurullo

Master's Theses

The purpose of this study was to determine if: (a) a football helmet equipped with the Guardian Cap meets the National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment (NOCSAE) football helmet standards and (b) if the Severity Indexes and peak accelerations produced during the NOCSAE impact tests were smaller for a football helmet equipped with the Guardian Cap over-helmet padding system than for the same helmet without the Guardian Cap. A total of 54 drop impact tests were completed, 27 on the football helmet alone and 27 on the football helmet equipped with the Guardian Cap. Tests were completed on …

Diagnostic Validity Of The Physical Examination Maneuvers For Hip Pathology: A Systematic Review, Nick Pasic, Dianne Bryant, Douglas Naudie, Kevin Willits

Kinesiology Publications

Background: There is a number of physical examination maneuvers used to diagnose hip pathology but the diagnostic validity of these maneuvers is unclear. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate current knowledge regarding the diagnostic validity of the physical examination maneuvers for hip pathology. Methods: We conducted a literature search of the electronic databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane, and SPORTDiscus. The methodological quality of each eligible study was assessed and classified according to Sackett and Haynes’ phases of diagnostic research, whereby Phase I and II studies represent proof of concept and Phase III studies are applicable to a clinical setting. …

Team Joseph: Adaptive Aquatic Device, Paul Sands, Lilly Hoff, Andrea Voigt

Mechanical Engineering

The scope of this project included designing and fabricating an adaptive aquatic device for Joseph, a 20 year old student in the Special Education Program at San Luis Obispo High School with a subset of cerebral palsy known as spastic quadriplegia. The project was presented at the beginning of the Fall 2013 quarter to the mechanical engineering students at Cal Poly with the aspiration that a team of engineers would construct a device that would allow Joseph, his friends and family to compete in their first triathlon on July 27, 2014. The project was humbly accepted by mechanical engineering students …

Adaptive Basketball Shooter - Final Project Report, Jenna N. Becker, Richard A. Galanti, Justin D. Haley, Brett Y. Nayudu

Mechanical Engineering

The Friday Club is a joint venture between the Cal Poly Kinesiology Department and the San Luis Obispo Special Olympics that offers people with varying degrees of disability the opportunity to meet weekly and learn various sports and games. At Friday Club, athletes in wheelchairs with limited arm strength use devices built by Cal Poly mechanical engineering students in order to participate in various sports. Many devices are designed to attach to the Universal Play Frame (UPF), a wheel-chair attachment. The purpose of this project was to design and build a UPF device that will launch a basketball, so that …

Effect Of Training Mode On Post-Exercise Heart Rate Recovery Of Trained Cyclists, Kelia G. Mcdonald, Silvie Grote, Todd C. Shoepe

Health and Human Sciences Faculty Works

The sympathetic nervous system dominates the regulation of body functions during exercise. Therefore after exercise, the sympathetic nervous system withdraws and the parasympathetic nervous system helps the body return to a resting state. In the examination of this relationship, the purpose of this study was to compare recovery heart rates (HR) of anaerobically versus aerobically trained cyclists. With all values given as means ± SD, anaerobically trained track cyclists (n=10, age=25.9 ± 6.0 yrs, body mass=82.7 ± 7.1 kg, body fat=10.0 ± 6.3%) and aerobically trained road cyclists (n=15, age=39.9 ± 8.5 yrs, body mass=75.3 ± 9.9 kg, body fat=13.1 …

Utility Of Anthropometric Measures In A Multiethnic Population: Their Association With Prevalent Diabetes, Hypertension And Other Chronic Disease Comorbidities, Heather P. Tarleton, Lisa V. Smith, Zuo-Feng Zhang, Tony Kuo

Health and Human Sciences Faculty Works

Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) are two common anthropometric measures of obesity in clinical and public health practice. Consensus, however, remains elusive regarding their utility for predicting cardiovascular disease risk in multiethnic populations. We address this gap in the literature by analyzing cross-sectional data from the first round of the Los Angeles County Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011. We characterized the relationships between BMI, WC, waist-to-hip ratios, waist-to-height ratios, and chronic disease extent, as confirmed by the presence of hypertension, diabetes, and/or two or more other chronic conditions as defined by a composite indicator ‘comorbidity’. To …

The Effect Of Egoscue Corrective Exercises On Chronic Knee And Hip Pain, Zachary Vehrs

Theses and Dissertations

INTRODUCTION: While strengthening and aerobic exercise have been shown to decrease chronic knee and hip pain, little is known about the effectiveness of Egoscue corrective exercises, which are intended to reduce musculoskeletal pain by bringing the body into postural alignment. PURPOSE: An experimental study to determine the acute effect following one treatment and the short-term effect after a 2 week program of Egoscue corrective exercises on knee pain, hip pain, and whole-body postural alignment. METHODS: Forty participants with chronic knee and/or hip pain (defined as pain on most days of the week for at least the previous 12 weeks) were …

The Effect Of L-Citrulline And Watermelon Juice On Anaerobic And Aerobic Exercise Performance, S. Gadomski, P. Cutrufello, G. Zavorsky, C. Demkosky

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

¹Gadomski, S., ¹Cutrufello, P., ²Zavorsky G., & ¹Demkosky, C., ¹University of Scranton, Scranton, PA, ²University of Louisville, Louisville, KY

Citrulline has been proposed as an ergogenic aid because of its role in both ammonia detoxification and nitric oxide production. Watermelon juice has garnered recent media attention due to its citrulline concentration, yet no study has examined watermelon juice and exercise performance. Purpose: Determine the effects of a practical, single, pre-exercise dose of L-citrulline or watermelon juice on maximal oxygen consumption (VO_2max), time to exhaustion (TE), the total maximum number of repetitions completed …

Perceptions Of Body Weight And Contributing Weight Gain Factors In British Adults, K. Fox, B. Stovall, K. Mariacher, P. Pautler, A. Hedgepeth, C. Fengl, K. Smith

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Fox, K., Stovall, B., Mariacher, K., Pautler, P., Hedgepeth, A., Fengl, C., & Smith, K. Slippery Rock University, Slippery Rock, PA

Purpose: To examine the self-perception of body weight and the contributing factors of weight gain in British adults. Methods: A survey was constructed based upon previously validated questionnaires and was randomly administered to subjects in various British cities. Seventy nine subjects with a mean age of 31.92+12.03 and mean body mass index (BMI) of 23.95+4.47 participated in this study. Results: Of the 79 subjects, 52 subjects self-reported their height and weight and were classified into one of three BMI …

Phosphate Decrement In Repeated Sprint Ability, V. Dimartino, G. Schmidt, T. Carpenter, G. Campo

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

DiMartino, V., Schmidt, G. (FACSM), Carpenter, T., Campo, G., William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to analyze phosphate fatiguing and decrement (PD) patterns in university students completing a repeated sprint ability (RSA) test. Methods: Subjects were comprised of 7 women and 7 men (N=14) whose ages ranged from 23 to 41 years with a mean age of 25.7 ± 4.7 years. The average height of men was 1.79 ± 0.01 m and women was 1.59 ± 0.1 m. The average weight of men was 92.5 ± 14.7 kg, and women was 59.0 ± 8.9 …

Metabolic Demand And Nutrient Resource In Rowing Ergometer And Treadmill Exercise, E Burns, D. Burns

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Burns, E., Burns, D. DeSales University, Center Valley, PA

Purpose: Rowing ergometer exercise differs from treadmill exercise in two ways. Treadmill exercise utilizes primarily the lower extremities and is a load-bearing activity. Rowing is a seated activity and utilizes a much greater muscle mass. This study compared metabolic responses to these two exercise modes at differing submaximal intensities. Methods: Twelve healthy college-age males completed one exercise exposure on a treadmill and one on a rowing ergometer. Metabolic steady state was achieved during each stage of exercise at intensities approximating 4, 6, and 8 MET. Oxygen consumption, respiratory exchange ratio (RER), …

The Effect Of Music Tempo On Squat Performance, J. Burket, T. Eubank, C. Reed, J. Sanders

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Burket, J., Eubank, T., Reed, C., Sanders, J. Shippensburg University, Shippensburg, PA

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether music tempo affects squat performance. Methods: A total of eleven healthy college aged subjects (Age range: 18 ~ 22 yrs, Weight: 81.4±12.0 kg, Height: 1.7±0.1 m) volunteered in the study and eight subjects (one female and seven males) completed the study. After obtaining baseline measures, subjects performed heavy barbell squat exercise under three conditions. The three conditions were to perform the squat exercise with load equal to 60% of their body weight until failure while listening to fast …

Glycemic Control Following Nordic Ski Training, W.A. Braun

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Braun, W.A. (FACSM), Shippensburg University, Shippensburg PA

Purpose: To study the effects of Nordic ski training on post-exercise blood glucose (BG) clearance. Methods: Twenty-one (male = 10; female =11), competitive college Nordic skiers (age=19.14±1.3 yrs.; body fat %=14.9±6.2) completed two ski training conditions (high intensity: HI; and easy volume: VOL) and one resting control (CON) condition on separate days. At rest on the control day and upon completion of ski training, a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was administered. BG was measured prior to the OGTT and at 20 min intervals for 80 min of passive rest. Hunger …

Effects Of A High Speed-Low-Resistance Bicycling Intervention In Parkinson’S Disease, M. Bellumori, M. Uygur, C.A. Knight

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Bellumori, M., Uygur, M., Knight, C.A. University of Delaware, Newark, DE

Bradykinesia is a symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD) that substantially decreases mobility while contributing to increased rates of disability and health care costs. Bicycling exercise is a promising strategy that could improve mobility in PD. Purpose: To determine the effects of a six week exercise intervention that uses high speed- low-resistance (HS-LR) stationary recumbent cycling in people with PD. Methods: Pre-exercise tests assessed level of PD severity, physical function, and perceived health. These were again performed following a supervised, 6-week (12 sessions), HS-LR program. Results: Eleven participants (age 62.7 …

Do Right-Handed Monkeys Use The Right Cheek Pouch Before The Left?, Madhur Mangalam, Nisarg Desai, Mewa Singh

Journal Articles

There can be several factors that are likely to have played a role in the evolution of hand preference in humans and non-human primates, which the existing theories do not consider. There exists a possibility that hand preference in non-human primates evolved from the pre-existing lateralities in more elementary brain functions and behavior, or alternatively, the two coevolved. A basic example can be a hand-mouth command system that could have evolved in the context of ingestion. In the present study, we examined the relationship between lateralities in prehension and mastication processes, that is, hand and cheek pouch usage, in free-ranging …

Exercise And Diet Program For The College Student, Brooks Briel

Senior Theses

Oftentimes college students can be seen going to the gym with simply no direction in exercise or nutrition. They go through the motions of exercising, but have no real understanding of what they are doing. These students may see some progress, but plateau early and find it discouraging to continue to workout. The goal of this project was to create a personal diet and exercise program that could be used by the average college student to improve their physical fitness levels. The exercise program attempts to improve body composition, cardiovascular fitness, muscular strength and endurance, and flexibility. This is done …

Injuries In Youth Football: A Descriptive Two Year Study Of Local South Carolina Football Leagues, Marie Morrissette

Senior Theses

Objective: To collect and analyze injury data from two leagues in the Midlands area of South Carolina. One of the leagues is an age-weight league, meaning athletes have to be within a certain age range and weight range to play on a specific team. The other league was an age-only league, meaning athletes have to be within a certain range to play on a specific team. Results: For the two seasons that injury data was collected, the age-weight league had 208 injuries and the age-only league had 109. For both leagues, the majority of the injuries sustained were contusions. Each …