Kinesiology Commons^™

The Antioxidant Potential Of The Mediterranean Diet In Patients At High Cardiovascular Risk: An In-Depth Review Of The Predimed, Hayley E. Billingsley, Salvatore Carbone

Kinesiology and Health Sciences Publications

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading global cause of death. Diet is known to be important in the prevention of CVD. The PREDIMED trial tested a relatively low-fat diet versus a high-fat Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) for the primary prevention of CVD. The resulting reduction of the CV composite outcome resulted in a paradigm shift in CV nutrition. Though many dietary factors likely contributed to this effect, this review focuses on the influence of the MedDiet on endogenous antioxidant systems and the effect of dietary polyphenols. Subgroup analysis of the PREDIMED trial revealed increased endogenous antioxidant and decreased pro-oxidant activity in …

Use Of Video Feedback In The Training Of Pre-Service Teachers, Amanda Andrews, Linda Bobo, Amy Spurlock

Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to use video feedback in the training of pre-service clinical educators. Thirty athletic training teacher participants were randomly placed in one of three equal groups where they were provided with the following interventions: a) teaching seminar and opportunity to observe video of teaching; b) teaching seminar; and c) control group. These groups were videotaped for eight consecutive weeks while teaching clinical skills. The researchers analyzed the feedback provided by the teachers using a modified version of the Fishman’s Augmented Feedback Instrument. Allowing teachers the opportunity to view their videotapes with guided feedback showed that …

The Relationship Between Caregiver Burden And Depressive Symptoms In Ontario Home Care Clients, Nicole Williams, Samantha Jamal, Dawn M. Guthrie

Health Sciences Faculty Publications

The onset of depressive symptoms is common in home care clients and their caregivers. Understanding the experience of the informal caregiver can assist clinicians in providing services to maximize the well-being of both the client and their caregivers. The objectives of this article are to examine risk factors for the development of depressive symptoms. A longitudinal analysis design was completed for clients with 2+ assessments. The development of depressive symptoms was defined as a Depression Rating Scale score of 3+ on re-assessment. The results-overall, 10.7% of clients experienced new depressive symptoms and clients with a caregiver who was feeling distressed, …

A Deterioration In Hearing Is Associated With Functional And Cognitive Impairments, Difficulty With Communication And Greater Health Instability, Nicole Williams, Dawn M. Guthrie, Jacob G.S. Davidson, Kathryn Fisher, Lauren E. Griffith

Health Sciences Faculty Publications

Objectives: To examine the relationship between hearing deterioration and several health-related outcomes among home care clients in Ontario. Design: Longitudinal analysis was completed for clients with at least two comprehensive assessments. Hearing status, based on a single item, ranged from zero (no impairment) to three (highly impaired). Hearing deterioration was defined as at least a 1-point decline between subsequent assessments. Results: Seven percent experienced a 1-point deterioration in hearing and roughly 1% had a 2/3-point decline. After adjusting for other covariates, increasing age (odds ratio = 1.94; 95% confidence intervals [CIs] = [1.45, 2.61]) and a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease …

The Anatomy Of The Carpal Tunnel And Hand Function Of Musicians, Emily Ann Lorenzen

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Musicians spend hours perfecting their trade, often leading to overuse injuries of the hand; of specific concern to musicians is carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). This study evaluated the median nerve cross-sectional area and hand function of musicians and non-musicians. Patients completed the upper extremity and CTS specific function questionnaires. The median nerve cross-sectional area, and the width of the carpal tunnel were measured on ultrasound image. The median nerve cross-sectional area was greater in musicians than the non-musician group. The width of the carpal tunnel did not differ between the groups. Musicians showed higher levels of hand dysfunction than the …

Effects Of A 60 Minute On Ice Game Simulation On The Balance Error Scoring System, Philip Cameron, Noelle C. Sotero, Justin Byers

Applied Health Sciences Student Works

Mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs) are common in contact sports. There is an association between mTBIs and altered motor function. BioSway technology measures individuals’ balance using the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS). Prior to incorporating BESS testing in concussion protocol, other variables that influence the BESS test require review. The objective of this study is to determine if game fatigue in hockey players also influences the BESS score. 23 male (21.08 ± 1.09) National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) athletes were tested using the BioSway™ (Biodex, USA). The BESS test measures the Sway Index (SI) - a calculation of deviation from …

Combined Impairments In Vision, Hearing And Cognition Are Associated With Greater Levels Of Functional And Communication Difficulties Than Cognitive Impairment Alone: Analysis Of Interrai Data For Home Care And Long-Term Care Recipients In Ontario, Dawn M. Guthrie, Jacob G.S. Davidson, Nicole Williams, Jennifer Campos, Kathleen Hunter, Paul Mick, Joseph B. Orange, M. Kathleen Pichora-Fuller, Natalie A. Phillips, Marie Y. Savundranayagam, Walter Wittich

Health Sciences Faculty Publications

Objectives: The objective of the current study was to understand the added effects of having a sensory impairment (vision and/or hearing impairment) in combination with cognitive impairment with respect to health-related outcomes among older adults (65+ years old) receiving home care or residing in a long-term care (LTC) facility in Ontario, Canada.

Methods: Cross-sectional analyses were conducted using existing data collected with one of two interRAI assessments, one for home care (n = 291,824) and one for LTC (n = 110,578). Items in the assessments were used to identify clients with single sensory impairments (e.g., vision only [VI], hearing only …

The Acute Effects Of Alpha-Gpc On Hand Grip Strength, Jump Height, Power Output, Mood, And Reaction-Time In Recreationally Trained, College-Aged Individuals, Josey Lucas Cruse

Online Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: While alpha-GPC has received recent praise as a mental and physical performance enhancement supplement, very limited research on this topic exist, and no current studies examine alpha-GPC in collegiate-aged trained individuals. This study hopes to bridge the gap in the current research literature on the topic of alpha-GPC ingestion in young healthy adults in the cognitive and anaerobic paradigms, potentially shedding new light on the theoretical synergistic effect of caffeine and alpha-GPC.

Purpose: To investigate and identify the acute effects of alpha-GPC ingestion on performance testing (hand-grip strength, jump height, force kinetics, rate of force development) & reaction time …

Patient-Specific Quantification Of The Relationship Between The Left Atrium Pressure And The Ostial Diameter Of The Left Atrial Appendage, Sky Tianqi Gao

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The left atrial appendage has been a historically understudied region of the heart until fairly recently with the new understanding of its role in the stroke pathway of patients with atrial fibrillation. The goal of this study is to take a look at the biomechanical behavior of the left atrium and left atrial appendage under normal physiological loading conditions using material properties taken from biaxial stretch tests. Several different options for material properties models were tested and biaxial stretch test data of cadaveric human tissue samples for the left atrium and appendage were fit to a Fung-type strain-energy function for …

The Association Between The Coach-Athlete Relationship And Burnout Among High School Coaches, Scott Westfall, Eric M. Martin, Daniel Gould

Kinesiology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Burnout is a term that continues to raise considerable concern among high school coaches and administrators (Raedeke, 1997) and has shown to have negative effects on coaches and athletes alike (Price & Weiss, 2000; Vealey, Armstrong, & Comar, 1998). While burnout has shown to have significant adverse effects, few studies have examined how the coach-athlete relationship may affect a coach s level of perceived burnout. This study sought to understand if the coach-athlete relationship predicted coach burnout. High school coaches (69 males, 62 females) completed the Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (CART-Q; Jowett & Ntoumanis, 2004), the Coaching Burnout Questionnaire, a modified …

University Of Nebraska At Omaha Department Of Biomechanics Annual Report Spring 2018, Department Of Biomechanics, University Of Nebraska At Omaha

Biomechanics Annual Report

This report contains:

A letter from the Director: Dr. Nick Stergiou

Articles about Updates from the Center for research in Human Movement Variability

Articles about Updates from the Department of Biomechanics

Article about Other Exciting Events

Articles about Beyond our Boarders

Article about Outreach

and Highlights

Repeatability Of The Heart Rate Variability Threshold During Treadmill Exercise, Shane Chambers

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

Purpose: Heart rate variability threshold (HRVT) is a clinical parameter used to gain insight into autonomic balance. Various studies have validated the use of cycle ergometers in determining HRVT, although the literature lacks evidence that treadmill use is a viable means of determining this threshold. We examined the repeatability of HRVT occurrence using standard deviation of normal R-R intervals (SDNN), root mean square of successive differences of continuous R-R intervals (RMSSD), and standard deviation of instantaneous beat intervals (SD1) in college aged males using treadmill exercise to see if this is a reliable method of threshold determination.

Methods: Ten healthy, …

The Effect Of Treadmill Vs. Nustep Recumbent Cross Trainer On Gait And Lower Extremity Electromyography After Chronic Stroke, Nicholas Joseph Siekirk

Wayne State University Dissertations

Pilot Part 1: The purpose was to investigate the effect of a perceived exertion based cadence on lower extremity muscle activation, as measured by surface electromyography (EMG) on a recumbent cross trainer. The purpose of this investigation was to study the EMG activity of 12 lower extremity muscles during five different stepping protocols; perceived exertion based self-selected (SS) cadence with level 1 resistance (SSL1), SS cadence with level 8 resistance (SSL8), +20% SS cadence (SS+20), -20% SS cadence (SS-20), and at a set 80 steps per minute at resistance level 1 (80L1). In order to determine SS cadence each participant …

The Effects Of Acute Exercise On Postural Control, Information Processing, Motor Skill Acquisition, And Executive Function, Bradley Kendall

Wayne State University Dissertations

Purpose

The purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the effects of acute high intensity interval training (HIIT) on postural control, information processing, motor skill acquisition, and executive function in healthy young adults. A second purpose was to compare an aerobic exercise HIIT protocol to a combined aerobic-resistance exercise HIIT protocol on cognitive function and motor abilities.

Methods

Participants (N = 60) took part in two testing sessions. The first visit served as a baseline to measure postural control (under static and dynamic settings), information processing speed, motor skill acquisition, and executive function. Participants were then randomized to either the …

Exogenous Ketone Salts Do Not Improve Cognitive Responses After A High-Intensity Exercise Protocol In Healthy College-Aged Males, Hunter S. Waldman, Steven A. Basham, Ffi G. Price, Johneric W. Smith, Harish Chander, Adam C. Knight, Ben M. Krings, Matthew J. Mcallister

Kinesiology

This study examined the effects of a DL-hydroxybutyrate (HB) containing beverage on cognitive and performance measures during a bout of repeated Wingates. Fifteen healthy, college-aged males (mean plus or minus standard deviation; age: 23.1 plus or minus 2.4 years, height: 165.4 plus or minus 2.0 cm, mass: 81.4 plus or minus 9.2 kg) volunteered for the present study. Trial 1 consisted of baseline measures and familiarization for the protocol. During trials 2 and 3, subjects reported to the laboratory after a 10-hour fast and ingested 11.38 grams of HB or a placebo (PLA) beverage 30 minutes before exercise. Participants then …

Effects Of A 15-Day Low Carbohydrate, Highfat Diet In Resistance-Trained Men, Hunter S. Waldman, Ben M. Krings, Steven A. Basham, Johneric W. Smith, Brent J. Fountain, Matthew J. Mcallister

Kinesiology

This study examined the effects of a 15-day isocaloric low carbohydrate diet on physiological and metabolic alterations in resistance-trained (RT) men. Blood was drawn intravenously pre-exercise across each experimental trial for insulin, cortisol, and glucose. Pulmonary data were collected and substrate oxidation (OXI) was calculated during exercise.

Engineering Hyaluronic Acid Carbon Nanotube Nanofibers: A Peripheral Nerve Interface To Electrically Stimulate Regeneration, Elisabeth M. Steel

Wayne State University Dissertations

Peripheral nerve injuries annually affect hundreds of thousands of people globally. Current treatments like the gold standard autograft and commercially available nerve guide conduits (NGC) are insufficient to repair long gap peripheral nerve injuries. NGCs can aid recovery but lack key microenvironment cues that promote nerve regeneration. We hypothesized that providing topographical, mechanical, and electrical guidance cues through a nanofibrous composite biopolymer would result in improved neuron growth metrics using an in vitro model. We embedded hydrophilic carbon nanotubes (CNT) within hyaluronic acid (HA) nanofibers by electrospinning. The aims of this study were (1) to define the topographical, nanomechanical, and …

Examining Changes In Bat Swing Kinematics In Various Regions Of The Strike Zone In Collegiate Baseball And Softball Players, Caleb Williams

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

According to the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) there are over 50,000 men and women who compete in collegiate baseball and softball. These individuals spend hours improving their ability to swing a bat with the hope of improving his or her batting performance during a game situation typically off a tee in a position of their own choosing. However, during a game situation an athlete may swing a bat through his or her strike zone depending upon the pitch thrown by an opposing pitcher. The strike zone is defined as the space over home plate in a region that is …

Psychomotor Skill Measurement Of Video Game Players, Thomas Carbone

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Psychomotor skills are a combination of innate abilities as well as skills developed because of repeated actions. Researchers have dedicated many studies to understand the extent to which past videogame play contributes to psychomotor skills and fine motor control dexterity. However, not all gamers are created equal. With today's proliferation of platforms, many people are gamers who never pick up a controller. Grouping all gamers together forms dangerous confounds when trying to generalize across a population as diverse as today's gamers. The current study aims to study a population comprised only of gamers to see if there are significant differences …

African-American Collegiate Women's Perception And Participation In Physical Activity, Lauren Courtney Scott

Wayne State University Dissertations

ABSTRACT

AA COLLEGE WOMEN’’S PERCEPTION AND

PARTICIPATION IN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

by

LAUREN SCOTT

March 2018

Advisor: Dr. Bo Shen

Major: Kinesiology

Degree: Doctor of Philosophy

Overview: In the United States, adult engagement in physical inactivity has decreased since the implementation of the 2008 PA guidelines. In 2013, only 20% of Americans met the PA recommendations. In 2014, research showed that 23% of adults did not engage in any leisure PA in the United States (U.S Department of Health and Human Services, 2016). In general, females were found to be less active than males from youth through adulthood (Matthews et al, …

Bilateral Deficit: A Comparison Between Upper-Body And Lower-Body Maximal Strength, James Lee Ramsey

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Purpose: The study’s primary purpose was to determine if maximal unilateral strength is greater than maximal bilateral strength for the leg press and vertical dumbbell press exercises. The secondary purpose was to determine if blood glucose levels differ between the unilateral and bilateral conditions for the leg press exercise. Methods: Thirty college-aged volunteers reported on two separate occasions, 72 hours apart, for maximal strength testing. Blood glucose was obtained before and after strength testing for the leg press exercise. A paired samples t-test was conducted to determine significance (p < .05). Results: Participants were significantly stronger for the bilateral leg press; however, no significant differences were observed for the vertical dumbbell press exercise. No significant differences were observed in plasma blood glucose for the leg press exercise. Conclusion: Participants did not display a bilateral lateral deficit, which may have been a result of their resistance training prior to the study.

Examination Of Resistance Settings Based On Body Weight For The 3-Minute All-Out Critical Power Test, Marlene J. Schulte, Jody L. Clasey, Bradley S. Fleenor, Haley C. Bergstrom

Kinesiology and Health Promotion Faculty Publications

There are conflicting suggestions regarding the most valid resistance (3-5% of body weight) to use for the critical power (CP) 3-min all-out (CP_3min) test to estimate CP and anaerobic work capacity (AWC). The purpose of this study was to determine if the CP and AWC estimates from the CP_3min test were affected by the percentage of body weight used to set the resistance on a Monark cycle ergometer. Ten recreationally trained participants (mean ± SD: Age: 22.2 ± 2.2 yrs.) completed the CP_3min test at resistances of 4.5% (CP_4.5%) and 3% (CP_3%) …

Effects Of Very Short-Term Dynamic Constant External Resistance Exercise On Strength And Barbell Velocity In Untrained Individuals, M. Travis Byrd, Haley C. Bergstrom

Kinesiology and Health Promotion Faculty Publications

This study examined the effect of an upper body dynamic constant external resistance (DCER) exercise (barbell bench press [BP]), using the very short-term training (VST) model on strength and barbell velocity. Ten (5 females, 5 males) subjects (mean ± SD age: 21.4 ± 2.8 yrs; height: 1.75 ± 0.12 m; body mass: 83 ± 8.8 kg) completed two pre-test visits (pre-test 1 and pre-test 2) to serve as the within subjects control, three training visits, and one post-test visit. The subject’s 1 repetition maximum (1RM) for the BP as well as the mean (BP_MV) and peak (BP_{PV …}

Force-Time Differences Between Ballistic And Non-Ballistic Half-Squats., Timothy J. Suchomel, Christopher Taber, Christopher J. Sole, Michael Henry Stone

Exercise Science Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to examine the force-time differences between concentric-only half-squats (COHS) performed with ballistic (BAL) or non-ballistic (NBAL) intent across a range of loads. Eighteen resistance-trained men performed either BAL or NBAL COHS at 30%, 50%, 70%, and 90% of their one repetition maximum (1RM) COHS. Relative peak force (PF) and relative impulse from 0⁻50 ms (Imp50), 0⁻90 ms (Imp90), 0⁻200 ms (Imp200), and 0⁻250 ms (Imp250) were compared using a series of 2 × 4 (intent × load) repeated measures ANOVAs with Bonferroni post hoc tests. Cohen's d effect sizes were calculated to provide measures …

Trunk Stability And Postural Stability In People With Multiple Sclerosis, Derek Tolbert

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Multiple Sclerosis is a neurological disease which affects an estimated 2.5million people worldwide. People with Multiple Sclerosis often experience high rates of falls, which have been associated with age, disability, and increased postural sway. Additionally, people with Multiple Sclerosis often exhibit muscular weakness and poor responses to perturbations. PURPOSE: To determine if trunk stability and postural control are altered among PwMS and if trunk muscle activity is correlated with postural stability. METHODS: Ten participants with a physician's diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis (9 female, 1 male) were included in this study. Ten healthy controls were matched for age, height, weight, and …

Undergraduate Kinesiology Students' Experiences In Online Motor Development Courses, Takahiro Sato, Justin A. Haegele

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to investigate kinesiology students' experiences in an undergraduate online life span motor development course. This study was based on a theory of transactional distance (Moore, 1997). Seven undergraduate kinesiology majors (5 females, 2 males) enrolled in an online course at a Midwestern public university in the US participated in this study. Data collection included face-to-face, open-ended interviews, bulletin board discussion logs, and online assessment projects. A constant comparative method was used to interpret the data, which allowed themes to emerge from the data as well as from the theoretical framework. Three interrelated themes emerged …

Interleukin-6 And Exercise; Early Evidence Of A Novel Myokine, Brendan Hogg Mr.

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) was first identified as a pleiotropic cytokine, with a host of body-wide functions. Cytokine functions are characterized by chronically elevated levels within various inflammatory states. In this regard, IL-6 is largely associated with the acute phase response to many stimuli and performs specific actions when produced from certain cell types. Accrued evidence indicates IL-6 release from skeletal muscle often includes myokine functions. Novel myokine functions are adaptive in nature, and as compared to inflammatory/cytokine roles, exhibit a transient time course. Following exercise plasma IL-6 peaks and returns to resting levels within 1-2 hours. In contrast, IL-6 is observed …

The Effect Of Postural Alterations On Metabolic Cost In Running On Incline Slopes, Nikaela K. Hemminger

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

In spite of an intuitive relationship between running technique and performance, the influence of specific techniques on metabolic cost remains unclear. While recent studies suggest that postural lean affects metabolic cost during level ground running, little information exists regarding the influence of postural lean on the metabolic cost of running on an incline slope. Purpose: This study sought to investigate the effect of postural lean on metabolic cost, kinematics, and muscle activation of running across a range of incline slopes. Methods: Sixteen healthy adult runners (21±2 years, 8M/8F) of different competitive standards participated in twelve running trials on a motorized …

A Wellness Approach To Investigating Student Veterans’ Career Goals, Thomas C. Seguin, Abby L. Bjornsen-Ramig, Ashley J. Blount, Danae M. Dinkel

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

A qualitative methodology was utilized to assess the wellness factors student Veterans (N = 10) perceived as influential to their decision to separate from the military and choice of intended career path. Participants included prior enlisted student Veterans pursuing undergraduate degrees at a mid-sized Midwestern university. Interview transcripts were coded according to the Indivisible Self Model of Wellness (IS-Wel; Myers & Sweeney, 2004) and analyzed phenomenologically. Participants referenced Control and Self-Worth as motivators for separation from military service; Work and Thinking were the main themes regarding choice of future profession. Additional themes emerged in reference to how Veterans’ priorities changed …

The Blood Flow And Perceptual Response To Lower Body Resistance Training With And Without Blood Flow Restriction, Kevin Mattocks

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The muscular response to low-load resistance exercise in combination with blood flow restriction (BFR) is well studied but less was known about the cardiovascular response. It was also unknown what impact resistance exercise at 15% 1RM with or without BFR would have on the acute and chronic cardiovascular adaptations and how that compared to high load resistance exercise. Examining the perceptual responses across a training program is also important as this may dictate overall compliance to an exercise protocol. The purpose of this study was to determine the acute and chronic cardiovascular changes following very low-load (15% 1RM) resistance exercise …