Kinesiology Commons^™

Prediction Modeling For Board Of Certification Exam Success For A Professional Master’S Athletic Training Program, Scott L. Bruce, Elizabeth K. Crawford, Gary B. Wilkerson, R. Barry Dale, Martina Harris, David W. Rausch

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Introduction: The Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education mandates accredited athletic training programs have a minimum, three-year aggregate, first-attempt pass rate on the Board of Certification (BOC) examination of 70%. No studies have examined first-attempt BOC exam success for students enrolled in a professional master’s athletic training program (PMATP). Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with first-attempt success on the BOC examination for PMATP students. Methods: This cohort designed study used common application data from subjects’ university and PMATP applications to create prediction models to identify those factors that predict first-attempt success on the …

Performance Motion Analysis Unable To Predict Running-Related Injury In Collegiate Distance Runners, Christopher P. Melgares, Andrew C. Fry, Zachary Sanchez

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Running-related injury (RRI) is common among competitive collegiate distance runners who participate in the sport of cross country and long distance track and field. Many factors contribute to RRI. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if a 3D motion capture system’s performance motion analysis (PMA) report is capable of identifying factors predictive of RRI among collegiate distance runners during a cross country season. Methods: Thirty-one collegiate cross country runners (17 male, 14 female, mean age = 20.5 ± 1.4 years) gave their consent to participate in the investigation. Subjects were screened in the motion capture …

Comparison Of Pitching From Flat Ground Vs. 10-Inch Mound Regarding Elbow Varus Torque And Arm Speed, Stephen A. Cage, X. Neil Dong, Brandon J. Warner, Diana M. Gallegos

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of throwing surface and distance on varus elbow torque and arm speed. Methods: 11 male collegiate baseball pitchers (age = 20.73 ± 1.56 years, height = 175.26 ± 9.03 cm, mass = 70.31 ± 9.03 kg) participated in this study. Varus elbow torque and distance were measured using a 3D motion sensor housed in a spandex sleeve at the medial joint line of the elbow. Participants were instructed to complete their normal warmup routine as if they were about to pitch in a bullpen session or a game. Participants …

An Examination Of Step Frequency And The Running Readiness Scale As Predictors Of Running-Related Injury In Collegiate Cross-Country Athletes, Shelley S. Payne Dr., Jenna D'Errico, D. S. Blaise Williams

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between step frequency and the Running Readiness Scale and the occurrence of a Running-Related Injury (RRI) in a Division III cross-country team. Methods: Each athlete was screened prior to the season for their step frequency at a preferred and pre-determined pace. Additionally, each athlete performed 6 musculoskeletal tests known as the “Running Readiness Scale” to assess body alignment, weight distribution, and muscular endurance. Each subject logged their training and competition schedule and injury history throughout the season using the Otterbein Run Tracker app. Results: Sixteen subjects completed data collection …

Health Behaviors Of Athletic Trainers, Zachary K. Winkelmann, Maura E. Shea, Kelcey C. Granger, Lindsey E. Eberman, Kenneth E. Games

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Purpose: Health behaviors, such as diet, tobacco, and physical activity, may serve to prevent disease and promote wellness throughout the population including athletic trainers (AT). Good health behaviors act as disease prevention measures to decrease prevalence of pathologies. Hours of sleep, substance use, nutritional intake, and physical activity are behaviors that may impact the health of athletic trainers (AT). The objective of the study was to describe health behaviors of ATs in comparison to the general population and recommended behaviors. Methods: We used a cross-sectional, web-based survey of clinically practicing ATs recruited from the National Athletic Trainers’ Association member database. …

Determining The Effectiveness Of Core Strengthening Exercise Therapies In Treating Nonspecific Low Back Pain: A Critically Appraised Topic, Amanda King, Andrea Cripps

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

CLINICAL SCENARIO: Nonspecific low back pain is a condition which impacts athletes of all calibers and sports. It has been found that a total of 68% of top athletes from multiple sports have been affected by nonspecific low back pain at some point in their career. Clinicians have discussed that tight hamstrings and weak core muscles are a major cause of nonspecific low back pain. A myriad of program exist to reduce nonspecific low back pain caused from hamstring tightness, however a standardized rehabilitation protocol for strengthening the core muscles to reduce nonspecific low back pain is not as well …

The Association Of Coordination With Physical Activity Levels Of Older Adults, Eric G. James, Murat Karabulut, Phillip Conatser, Suzanne G. Leveille, Soham Al Snih, Kyriakos S. Markides, Jonathan F. Bean

Health & Human Performance Faculty Publications

Aim: To examine the association between coordination ability and self-reported physical activity among community dwelling older adults.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 77 adults (81.51 ± 5.46 years) using motion capture and a gait walkway to assess rhythmic interlimb ankle, shoulder, and gait coordination. Physical activity was assessed using the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE). We conducted multivariable linear regression modeling using backward elimination with age, gender, body mass index, Mini-Mental State Exam score, number of chronic conditions, falls, Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score, and interlimb ankle, shoulder, and gait coordination as predictors, and PASE …

Impacts Of Aquatic Walking On Arterial Stiffness, Exercise Tolerance, And Physical Function In Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Song-Young Park, Elizabeth J. Pekas, Yi-Sub Kwak

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is an atherosclerotic disease that is associated with attenuated vascular function, cardiorespiratory capacity, physical function, and muscular strength. It is essential to combat these negative effects on health by incorporating lifestyle interventions to slow disease progression, such as exercise. We sought to examine the effects of aquatic walking exercise on cardiovascular function, cardiorespiratory capacity [maximal volume of oxygen consumption (V̇o2max)], exercise tolerance [6-min walking distance (6MWD)], physical function, muscular strength, and body composition in patients with PAD. Patients with PAD (n = 72) were recruited and randomly assigned to a 12-wk aquatic walking training group …

Daily Total Energy Expenditure Associated With Playing Pokémon Go, Tyler Langford, Veronika Pribyslavska, Vaughn W. Barry

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 12(5): 1179-1186, 2019. Approximately 51% of American adults do not meet weekly physical activity (PA) recommendations. Pokémon Go (PoGo) popularity and its required PA participation shows potential for improved daily PA. The primary aim of this study was to objectively measure daily energy expenditure (DEE) of PoGo players and identify whether DEE differs from non-players. A secondary aim was to assess potential motivational factors to play PoGo. Local Middle Tennessee participants (n= 25) were identified as "players" or "non-players" based on current PoGo usage from August till November 2016. Participants donned a SenseWear …

Core Stability And Athletic Performance In Male And Female Lacrosse Players, Fallon Shea Greene, Erin E. Perryman, Christopher J. Cleary, Summer B. Cook

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 12(4): 1138-1148, 2019. This study determined the relationship of core stability with power production, agility, and dynamic stability of collegiate lacrosse players and whether core stability is more evident in these performance variables in either males or females. Twenty male and female collegiate lacrosse players (20.3 ± 1.0 years, 173.2 ± 11.8 cm, 72.6 ± 13.0 kg) performed the pro-agility shuttle, the countermovement jump (CMJ), the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), and prone, right lateral, and left lateral planks on two sessions- familiarization and testing. Independent T-tests were used to compare sexes. SPSS 24.0 was …

Assessing Physical Activity Levels And Motivation In An Urban Midwest Private Liberal Arts College, Michael A. Kantor, Ana Freire Ribeiro

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 12(4): 1169-1178, 2019. Recent research indicates that over one third of U.S. adults are obese and 51.6% of adults meet the recommended 2008 physical activity (PA) guidelines. In this context, understanding what makes people engage or not in PA becomes of key importance when attempting to prevent obesity and its related comorbidities. The objective is to assess the PA and motivation levels of students, faculty, and staff in an urban Midwest Private College. Participants completed an anonymous online survey (n=119) on PA and Exercise Motivation. Fitness levels were tested and obtained from wellness assessments (n=74). …

Dim Light Exposure Or Melatonin Ingestion Lowers A Type 2 Diabetic's Blood Glucose Removal Rate: A Single Case, Matthew C. Scott, Arnold G. Nelson, Christopher M. Hearon

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 12(2): 1161-1168, 2019. The purpose of this case study isto compare a Type 2 diabetic's postprandial glucoregulatory ability under two different room lighting conditions. The subject was a 56-year-old physically active male with well controlled blood glucose levels (HbA1c ≤ 6% for 5 y) from a combination of diet, exercise, and medication. Two hours post evening meal (380 kcal, 18 g fat, 44 g carbohydrate, 12 g protein), a 45 g carbohydrate challenge was given, and blood glucose was measured every 30 minutes for 2.5 hours under three conditions: dim light (<50 lux) (DL), bright light (>40000 lux) …

Effects Of A Game-Centered Health Promotion Program On Fall Risk, Health Knowledge, And Quality Of Life In Community-Dwelling Older Adults, Alyssa K. Dispennette, Mark A. Schafer, Matthew Shake, Brian Clark, Steven Vanover, Gretchen B. Macy, K. Jason Crandall

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 12(4): 1149-1160, 2019. Quality of life (QOL) is an important aspect of overall well-being in older adults and can be improved with increased physical activity. One in four older adults experiences a fall each year, making it necessary to focus public health interventions towards decreasing fall risk and improving QOL in older adults. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the health promotion program, Bingocize^®, on QOL and fall risk in community-dwelling older adults (n = 36; mean age 73.63 ± 6.97). Participants were clustered and randomly assigned …

The Effect Of Omega-3 Fatty Acids On Recovery From Traumatic Brain Injury, Sarah Wampler

Honors Projects

Past research has been conducted on rats and mice to determine behavioral and physiological effects of omega-3 fatty acids on recovery from traumatic brain injury (TBI). These studies found that omega-3s can be helpful for recovery from TBI, however, the results did not carry over to human clinical trials. This paper aimed to compare and analyze the results of these studies through meta-analysis to help explain why omega-3 fatty acids were not as effective for human recovery from head injury. A systematic literature search was completed to obtain all studies that looked at this effect. Some of the articles acquired …

The Value And Effectiveness Of The Selective Functional Movement Assessment (Sfma): A Literature Review, Melanie Hux

Honors Projects

The Selective Functional Movement Assessment (SFMA) is an evaluation tool used by healthcare providers in the physically active patient population that is designed to aid clinicians in diagnosing and treating movement-based pathologies. The purpose of this literature review is not only to evaluate the value and effectiveness of the SFMA, but also to raise awareness in the rehabilitative community. This literature review is specifically geared towards athletic trainers but can also be useful for other healthcare providers. This review revealed a total of 16 articles based on the eligibility criteria in three key databases. Three primary themes found in the …

Scaling Of Swimming Performance In Baleen Whales, William T. Gough, Paolo S. Segre, K. C. Bierlich, David E. Cade, Jean Potvin, Frank E. Fish, Julian Dale, Jacopo Di Clemente, Ari S. Friedlaender, David W. Johnston, Shirel R. Kahane-Rapport, John Kennedy, John H. Long, Machiel Oudejans, Gwenith Penry, Matthew S. Savoca, Malene Simon, Simone K. A. Videsen, Fleur Visser, David N. Wiley, Jeremy O. Goldbogen

Biology Faculty Publications

The scale dependence of locomotor factors has long been studied in comparative biomechanics, but remains poorly understood for animals at the upper extremes of body size. Rorqual baleen whales include the largest animals, but we lack basic kinematic data about their movements and behavior below the ocean surface. Here, we combined morphometrics from aerial drone photogrammetry, whale-borne inertial sensing tag data and hydrodynamic modeling to study the locomotion of five rorqual species. We quantified changes in tail oscillatory frequency and cruising speed for individual whales spanning a threefold variation in body length, corresponding to an order of magnitude variation in …

Reproducibility And The Effects Of Exercise On The Endurance Index, Michael Dean Smith, Jr.

Theses and Dissertations

Background: The Endurance Index (EI%) is a method to objectively assess a muscle’s ability to resist fatigue. The purpose of these studies was to determine the reproducibility of the EI% and determine the influence of muscular fatigue on the EI%. Methods Study 1: sixteen apparently healthy participants (18-30yrs) completed three nonconsecutive visits each with 3 bouts of 5-minute electrical muscle stimulations (EMS) and accelerometer-based mechanomyography (aMMG) of the vastus lateralis at 4 Hz and low amperage (25-35mA) on the hamstrings of the dominant leg; peak torque was measured at each visit. Study 2: fifteen apparently healthy participants (ages 18-30yrs) …

Analysis Of Connectivity In Emg Signals To Examine Neural Correlations In Muscular Activation Of Lower Leg Muscles For Postural Stability, Diana Mccrumb

Masters Theses

In quiet standing the central nervous systems implements a pre-programmed ankle strategy of postural control to maintain upright balance and stability. This strategy is comprised of a synchronized common neural drive being delivered to synergistically grouped muscles. In this study connectivity between EMG signals of unilateral and bilateral homologous muscle pairs, of the lower legs, during various standing balance conditions was evaluated using magnitude squared coherence (MSC) and mutual information (MI). The leg muscles of interest were the tibialis anterior (TA), medial gastrocnemius (MG), and the soleus (S) of both legs. MSC is a linear measure of the phase relation …

Impaired H-Reflex Adaptations Following Slope Walking In Individuals With Post-Stroke Hemiparesis, Jing Nong Liang, Yun-Ju Lee, Eric Akoopie, Brooke Conway Kleven, Trisha Koch, Kai-Yu Ho

Physical Therapy Faculty Research

Background and Purpose Short term adaptations in the Ia afferent-motoneuron pathway, as measured using the H-reflex, in response to altered ground reaction forces (GRFs) applied at the feet during slope walking have been observed in the non-impaired nervous system. The ability of the stroke-impaired nervous system to adapt to altered GRFs have not been examined. The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of altered propulsive and braking forces applied at the feet, which naturally occurs when walking on different slopes, on adaptations of the H-reflex pathway in individuals with chronic post-stroke hemiparesis. Methods Twelve individuals chronically …

Differential Cholinergic Modulation Of Prelimbic And Thalamic Input To The Basolateral Amygdala, Sarah Catherine Tryon

Theses and Dissertations

The basolateral amygdala (BL) is critical for emotional memory acquisition and expression. It receives afferent projections from both cortical and subcortical regions that send glutamatergic transmission to the BL. This input conveys information necessary for survival, including information about one’s behavioral state and environment. How this information is integrated and processed by the BL, however, remains largely unknown. Interestingly, the BL receives the densest amount of cholinergic innervation from the basal forebrain. This acetylcholine (ACh) can modulate emotional memories, but how it modulates specific afferent inputs to the BL is unexplored. To answer this question, we used brain slice field …

The Effect Of Patient Financial Liability On Physical Therapy Utilization And Patient Reported Outcomes For Patients With Low Back Pain: An Instrumental Variable Analysis, Adam D. Lutz

Theses and Dissertations

Low back pain (LBP) is the most common orthopedic complaint managed by physical therapists in the United States. Insurance plans that require greater patient financial liability per physical therapy visit are thought to disincentivize participation in recommended physical therapy plans of care. The primary purpose of this investigation was to use instrumental variable regression to investigate the effect of insurancemediated patient financial liability per visit on physical therapy visit count and functional patient reported outcomes. The secondary purpose of the study was to examine the generalizability of results to the broader excluded patient population—and beyond to patients that seek physical …

Using Immersive Virtual Reality To Assess Context-Dependency Of Locomotor Skill Learning In People With Parkinson's Disease, Aram Kim

Link Foundation Modeling, Simulation and Training Fellowship Reports

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder resulting from a loss of multisystem degenerations and neurotransmitter deficiencies such as dopaminergic and cholinergic degenerations [1]–[4]. The degenerations lead to typical clinical manifestation in people with PD is primarily motor functions such as postural instability, impairments in gait, rigidity, tremor, and bradykinesia [2], [4]–[9], but also a wide range of cognitive dysfunctions such as deficits in executive functions and visuospatial processing [10]–[13]. These symptoms exacerbate as the disease progresses and lead to declines in locomotion and high risk of falls [3], [7], [14]–[17]. Among individuals with PD, 5068% of them experience …

Ketogenic Diets And Exercise Performance, Kristin L. Harvey, Lola Holcomb, Stephen C. Kolwicz Jr.

Health Sciences Faculty Publications

The ketogenic diet (KD) has gained a resurgence in popularity due to its purported reputation for fighting obesity. The KD has also acquired attention as an alternative and/or supplemental method for producing energy in the form of ketone bodies. Recent scientific evidence highlights the KD as a promising strategy to treat obesity, diabetes, and cardiac dysfunction. In addition, studies support ketone body supplements as a potential method to induce ketosis and supply sustainable fuel sources to promote exercise performance. Despite the acceptance in the mainstream media, the KD remains controversial in the medical and scientific communities. Research suggests that the …

Metformin Blunts Muscle Hypertrophy In Response To Progressive Resistance Exercise Training In Older Adults: A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled, Multicenter Trial: The Masters Trial, R. Grace Walton, Cory M. Dungan, Douglas E. Long, S. Craig Tuggle, Kate Kosmac, Bailey D. Peck, Heather M. Bush, Alejandro G. Villasante Tezanos, Gerald Mcgwin, Samuel T. Windham, Fernando Ovalle, Marcas M. Bamman, Philip A. Kern, Charlotte A. Peterson

Center for Muscle Biology Faculty Publications

Progressive resistance exercise training (PRT) is the most effective known intervention for combating aging skeletal muscle atrophy. However, the hypertrophic response to PRT is variable, and this may be due to muscle inflammation susceptibility. Metformin reduces inflammation, so we hypothesized that metformin would augment the muscle response to PRT in healthy women and men aged 65 and older. In a randomized, double-blind trial, participants received 1,700 mg/day metformin (N = 46) or placebo (N = 48) throughout the study, and all subjects performed 14 weeks of supervised PRT. Although responses to PRT varied, placebo gained more lean body …

Antimicrobial Properties Of Fucus Vesiculosus And Porphyra Dioica Collected From The Irish Coast., Lenka Jindrichova Miss, Annabel Higgins Hoare, Helen Hughes

SURE Journal: Science Undergraduate Research Experience Journal

Various types of algae play an important role in entire ecosystem and has potential role in the continuous search for biologically active compounds with miscellaneous activities, such as antioxidant, antiviral and antimicrobial. The objective of this study was to study the antimicrobial properties of two diverse seaweeds, Fucus vesiculosus and Porphyra dioca. Antimicrobial compounds from both seaweeds could find potential future use in medical or food industries. Water content analysis was performed on both seaweeds and it was determined that high water content around 80% was apparent for both seaweeds, with higher consistency of water content found for Porphyra dioica …

Ankle And Midtarsal Joint Quasi-Stiffness During Walking With Added Mass, Andrew M. Kern, Nikolaos Papachatzis, Jeffrey M. Patterson, Dustin A. Bruening, Kota Z. Takahashi

Journal Articles

Examination of how the ankle and midtarsal joints modulate stiffness in response to increased force demand will aid understanding of overall limb function and inform the development of bio-inspired assistive and robotic devices. The purpose of this study is to identify how ankle and midtarsal joint quasi-stiffness are affected by added body mass during over-ground walking. Healthy participants walked barefoot over-ground at 1.25 m/s wearing a weighted vest with 0%, 15% and 30% additional body mass. The effect of added mass was investigated on ankle and midtarsal joint range of motion (ROM), peak moment and quasi-stiffness. Joint quasi-stiffness was broken …

Digital Divide Among Caregivers Of Chronic Disease Patients, Ayokunle Olagoke, Harveen Kaur, Ashley M. Hughes

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Expansive and rapid growth of technology creates unprecedented patient access to health information, including timely communication with care providers via patient portals and the ability to access information regarding specific disease(s) (e.g., cancer). However, several forms of digital engagement with health providers require access and use of reliable internet access. A “digital divide” is used to describe demographic differences which contribute to a patient’s use or disuse of patient portals; prior research have noted disparities in lack of reliable internet access. Despite the prevalence of informal caregivers in patient care, little is known about internet access and use among informal …

Energy Cost Of Land And Shallow Water Walking In Females Who Are Overweight And Obese, Jacquelyn N. Zera, Elizabeth F. Nagle, Bethany B. Gibbs, John P. Abt, John M. Jakicic

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Nineteen overweight or obese females completed three 10-minute experimental trials including a self-selected pace shallow water walking trial, a matched heart rate response land walking trial, and a self-selected pace land walking trial. Energy expenditure (kcal·min^-1)was computed from expired gases assessed via indirect calorimetry. Results showed energy expenditure was lower (p= 0.046) during shallow water walking (6.46 ± 1.38 kcal·min^-1) compared to matched heart rate response land walking trial (7.26 ± 1.29 kcal·min^-1), with no significant difference in between shallow water and self-selected pace land walking (6.92 ± 1.61 kcal·min^-1). …

Tracking Center Of Mass With Limited Inertial Measurement Units, Connor Nathaniel Morrow

Dissertations and Theses

Wearable motion tracking systems pose an opportunity to study and correct human balance and posture during movement. Currently, these observations are either being conducted in laboratories with the use of camera systems and markers placed on the body, or through the use of suits containing large numbers (15-20) of inertial measurement units. However, to aid with rehabilitation of individuals with impaired balance, there needs to be an option to collect these observations outside of clinics and without incurring much cost from the user. I have focused on three inertial measurement units, one placed on each shank and one placed on …

Learning From Incidents To Reduce The Risk Of Drowning In Swimming Pools: Implementation Of Experience-Based Feedback Regarding Near-Misses In Four Public Facilities In France, Élie Vignac, Pascal Lebihain, Bastien Soulé

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

The prevention of sports accidents must rely on a detailed knowledge of accident circumstances and risk factors. Today, very few studies have investigated in depth non-fatal drowning incidents that have occurred in public swimming pools (PSP). Learning from incidents seems likely to advance the knowledge of accident scenarios. This research study aimed to capture minor incidents that might identify safety lessons and preventive measures. Incidents of minor and major aquatic events were collected from four PSPs that had hosted 700,000 bathers per year. About 800 incidents and 300 aquatic rescues performed by lifeguards were recorded within a time frame of …