Kinesiology Commons^™

Recoverability Of Large Vs Small Muscle Groups, Jacob Alan Clark

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to assess differences in recovery between muscles with larger cross-sectional area (Quadriceps) compared to muscles with smaller cross-sectional area (Biceps). Recreationally trained male weight lifters aged 18-30 (n = 9) volunteered in this muscle recovery study. All participants were asked to attend two testing sessions in addition to an initial meeting, all of which took no more than 45-mintues per session to complete. After this initial session where the 10 RM in the biceps curl and quadricep extension were determined, participants were scheduled to perform the biceps curl and quad extension for four sets …

Exploring Upper Limb Sequence Behaviours In Egocentric And Allocentric Reference Frames, Robyn Brooke Grunberg

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Voluntary behaviours, such as reaching, are essential for manipulating and exploring our environment. The current body of literature, however, has predominantly investigated reach behaviours through tasks such as peg-moving, tapping, dotting, and circle drawing. The objective of this study was to investigate the order and direction of reaching behaviours in a sequential tapping task in both an egocentric and an allocentric reference frame. Gaze behaviours were observed to explore intent to reach in the sequential task. Implementing reference frames in an upper limb motor control task might be of clinical importance when exploring rehabilitation techniques post-traumatic brain injury. It was …

Biomarkers Of Inflammation In Heart Failure Patients With Reduced And Preserved Ejection Fractions: Multi-Ethnic Study Of Atherosclerosis, Michelle Lynne Stone

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Purpose Examine the relationships between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and soluble tumor necrosis factor-α receptor-1 (sTNF-R1) and the cumulative risk of heart failure with reduced (HFrEF) and preserved (HFpEF) ejection fractions in a diverse, population-based sample. Methods Study sample included 6,814 adult (45-84 years of age) men and women who participated in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and were free of cardiovascular disease at baseline. Cox regression was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HR) associated with elevated baseline hs-CRP (> 3-10 mg/L), IL-6 (> 75^th percentile) and sTNF-R1 (> 75^th percentile) and risk of overall …

Lower Extremity Stiffness In Collegiate Distance Runners Pre- And Post-Competition, Jake Tavernite, Matthew F. Moran

Exercise Science Faculty Publications

Previous evidence has suggested that there is a relationship between leg stiffness and improved running performance. The purpose of this investigation was to determine how leg stiffness of runners was influenced in the 24 and 48 hour period following a cross country race. Twenty-two collegiate cross-country runners (13 males, 9 females, 19.5 ± 1.4 yr) were recruited and participated in the study. Leg stiffness was assessed 24 hours before and after a race as well as 48 hours post-race. Three jumping protocols were conducted: 1) a static jump, 2) a countermovement jump, and 3) a vertical hopping test. Two embedded …

Impact Of A Multimodal Exercise Program On Tibial Bone Health In Adolescents With Development Coordination Disorder: An Examination Of Feasibility And Potential Efficacy, Jocelyn L. Tan, Aris Siafarikas, Timo Rantalainen, Nicolas H. Hart, Fleur Mcintyre, Beth Hands, Paola Chivers

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020, International Society of Musculoskeletal and Neuronal Interactions. All rights reserved. Objectives: Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) compromises bone health purportedly due to lower levels of physical activity. The potential of an exercise intervention to improve bone health parameters in adolescents with DCD has not previously been studied. This study thus aimed to determine the impact of a multimodal exercise intervention on bone health in this population at-risk of secondary osteoporosis. Methods: Twenty-eight adolescents (17 male, 11 female) aged between 12-17 years (Mage =14.1) with DCD participated in a twice weekly, 13-week generalised multimodal exercise intervention. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography …

Order Of Same-Day Concurrent Training Influences Some Indices Of Power Development, But Not Strength, Lean Mass, Or Aerobic Fitness In Healthy, Moderately-Active Men After 9 Weeks Of Training, Matthew J.C. Lee, James K. Ballantyne, Javier Chagolla, William G. Hopkins, Jackson J. Fyfe, Stuart M. Phillips, David J. Bishop, Jonathan Bartlett

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: The importance of concurrent exercise order for improving endurance and resistance adaptations remains unclear, particularly when sessions are performed a few hours apart. We investigated the effects of concurrent training (in alternate orders, separated by ~3 hours) on endurance and resistance training adaptations, compared to resistance-only training. Materials and methods: Twenty-nine healthy, moderately-active men (mean ± SD; age 24.5 ± 4.7 y; body mass 74.9 ± 10.8 kg; height 179.7 ± 6.5 cm) performed either resistance-only training (RT, n = 9), or same-day concurrent training whereby high-intensity interval training was performed either 3 hours before (HIIT+RT, n = 10) …

Influence Of Strength Level On The Acute Post-Activation Performance Enhancement Following Flywheel And Free Weight Resistance Training, Borja Sañudo, Moisés De Hoyo, Guy Gregory Haff, Alejandro Muñoz-López

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This study aimed to compare the post-activation potentiation performance enhancement (PAPE) response to the acute inertial flywheel (FW) and free weight resistance training (TRA) on subsequent countermovement jump (CMJ) and sprint performance (10 m sprint). This study used a randomized crossover design including twenty-eight healthy males that were divided into strong (relative one-repetition maximum (1RM) back squat > 2.0 × body mass) and weak (relative 1RM back squat < 2.0 × body mass) groups. All participants performed the following: (a) three reps at 90% of their 1RM back squat (TRA) and (b) three reps on an inertial FW (plus one repetition to initiate flywheel movement) with an intensity that generated a mean propulsive velocity equal to that achieved with 90% of the 1RM back squat. Before and after the conditioning activity, participants performed two CMJs and two 10 m sprints. Within-group analyses showed significantly greater CMJ (d > 0.9, p < 0.001) and sprint performance (d > 0.5, p < 0.05) in the FW and the TRA group. Between-group analysis showed that sprint changes were significantly greater in the FW-strong group when compared with the TRA (F1,18 = 5.11, p = 0.036, η2p = 0.221—large) group. These results suggest that using a squat activation protocol on a FW may lead to an acute positive effect on jump and sprint performance, especially in stronger individuals.

The Relationship Between Isometric Force-Time Characteristics And Dynamic Performance: A Systematic Review, Danny Lum, G. Gregory Haff, Tiago M. Barbosa

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The purpose of this article was to review the data on the relationship between multi-joint isometric strength test (IsoTest) force-time characteristics (peak force, rate of force development and impulse) and dynamic performance that is available in the current literature. Four electronic databases were searched using search terms related to IsoTest. Studies were considered eligible if they were original research studies that investigated the relationships between multi-joint IsoTest and performance of dynamic movements; published in peer-reviewed journals; had participants who were athletes or active individuals who participate in recreational sports or resistance training, with no restriction on sex; and had full …

When Task Constraints Delimit Movement Strategy: Implications For Isolated Joint Training In Dancers, Paige E. Rice, Sophia Nimphius

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Athletic performance is determined by numerous variables that cannot always be controlled or modified. Due to aesthetic requirements during sports such as dance, body alignment constrains possible movement solutions. Increased power transference around the ankle-joint, coupled with lower hip-joint power, has become a preferential strategy in dancers during leaps and may be considered a dance-specific stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) demand. Newell's theoretical model of interacting constraints includes organismic (or individual), environmental, and task constraints describing the different endogenous and exogenous constraints individuals must overcome for movement and athletic performance. The unique task constraints imposed during dance will be used as a …

The Effects Of Acute Photobiomodulation On Anaerobic Exercise Performance, Jillian Danielle Forsey

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Optimal performance in sport requires a balance between training stress and recovery. Therapeutic modalities that allow athletes to maintain this balance while training hard are in high demand, but many lack research. Photobiomodulation is a red and near-infrared light therapy that is proposed to enhance exercise performance and hasten recovery. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of acute whole body photobiomodulation, applied pre-exercise, on anaerobic exercise performance.

Forty-eight healthy, active subjects participated in this single-blind, crossover study. Subjects visited the lab three times to complete a repeat Wingate test, with one week between each visit. All …

Acute Physiological Responses To Arm-Cranking With Blood Flow Restriction, Benjamin Cockfield

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Physiological responses to aerobic blood flow restriction exercise (BFR) are well documented for lower-body exercise but not upper-body exercise. I evaluated cardiorespiratory (heart rate, VO2, RER, ventilation), metabolic (tissue saturation, deoxyhemoglobin concentrations), and perceptual (effort, pain) responses to arm cranking with BFR at varying arterial occlusion pressures (AOP). Ten adults performed 4 intermittent arm cranking protocols (6x2-min, 1-min recovery): 1) low load (LL) – 40%VO2peak and 0% AOP; high load (HL) – 80%VO2peak and 0% AOP; (BFR50) – 40%VO2peak with 50% AOP; (BFR70) – 40%VO2peak with 70% AOP. Heart rate, RER, and ventilation, were higher with BFR compared to LL …

Spinal Motor Neuron Excitability And Balance Control Changes Following Downslope Walking, Nikki Aitcheson-Huehn

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Downslope walking (DSW) has been proposed as a rehabilitation tool for people with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS) although there are mixed findings in young adults (YA) regarding the balance control changes, despite both populations experiencing depressed spinal motor neuron (MN) pool excitability. Our aim was to determine whether YAs could demonstrate improved balance control in conjunction with SOL H reflex depression (estimate of spinal MN excitability) following DSW. We also aimed to determine whether reciprocal inhibition was a potential mechanism for H reflex depression via conditioned SOL H reflexes. Thirty young adults (23±1.4y, 6 males) were assigned to 30-minutes of DSW …

A Qualitative Investigation Into The Influence Of A Mental Health Physical Activity Intervention On University Students, Heather M. Tunks

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Objective

Among the university student population, mental illnesses are highly prevalent. Adults aged 20-30 years have the highest rates of mood and anxiety disorders than any other age group, with approximately 12.0% diagnosed with an anxiety disorder and 7.0 to 9.0% experiencing clinical depression (Nunes et al., 2014; Pedrelli, Nyer, Yeung, Zulauf, & Wilens, 2015). Reducing or preventing the effects of mental illness among this population may have lifelong implications including improvements in coping and management of mental illness throughout the lifespan(Jaworska, DeSomma, Fonseka, Heck, & MacQueen, 2016). This research examines the lived experiences of volunteers and participants in a …

“This Is My Little World…”: Navigating The Group Exercise Experience Of Stay-Fit Members, Olivia Jones

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Objective

Cancer is the leading cause of death in Canada, with one in two Canadians expected to develop cancer over their lifetime (Canadian Cancer Society, 2019). Exercise is reportedly a safe therapy to help ease the common side effects of cancer and its treatments (Schmitz et al., 2010). Past research has shown the benefits of group exercise while in treatment for cancer, but there is a dearth of research regarding the impact of long-term group exercise programming for cancer survivors. This phenomenological study explored the lived experiences of group exercise participation for individuals who previously had cancer and were enrolled …

Anaerobic Capacity Measures In Healthy Active Adults Ages 18-29: Normative Reference Values And Differences Between Sex, Dylan E. Roberts

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

The purpose of this study was to develop normative reference values for the modified Anaerobic Speed Test (mAST), an anaerobic capacity test that can be administered and completed on a commercial treadmill. The mAST of 15% grade has been created as one of the only protocols based on the original AST protocol of 20% grade. However, no percentile norms currently exist for this protocol, limiting its usefulness and interpretation of results. This paper presents normative values for active healthy adults ages 18-29, separated by sex. The sample consisted of 276 active healthy volunteers (161 men and 115 women). All mASTs …

Muscle Soreness And Damage During Wildland Firefighter Critical Training, Katherine Sue Christison

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Introduction: Wildland firefighters (WLFF) undergo a critical training (CT) period immediately before the firefighting season. The intensity of CT exercise could lead to muscle damage, as previously reported cases of rhabdomyolysis in WLFFs have been documented. This study established the effects of activities performed during a two-week CT period on acute markers of muscle damage in WLFFs.

Methods: 18 male and 3 female Type I Interagency Hotshot WLFFs were studied during a 14-day critical training period. Upper- (US) and lower-body (LS) muscle soreness and daily body weight (BW) scales were collected. Venous blood was collected on Days 1, 4, 8, …

Effect Of Imagery On Free-Throw Shooting In Basketball Extracurricular, Novriansyah Novriansyah, Djoko Pekik Irianto, Yurieke Nadiya Rahmat, Fitri Agung Nanda

Jurnal Keolahragaan

The purpose of this study was to find out differences in influence between internal imagery training and external training imagery on the results of free-throw shooting in extracurricular bola basketball, It used an experimental method. The sample was selected by random sampling technique which comprised three schools, SMPN 1 Bantul, SMPN 3 Bantul, SMPN 3 Jetis with a total of 42 bola basketball extracurricular students. An instrument measured the shooting free throw test to measure the free throw from Arianto B. The data were then analyzed using a two-track analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a significant level ofα = 0.05. …

Kinematic Differences On Mid-Range Basketball Jump-Shot Between Experienced And Less-Experienced Collegiate Player, Agam Akhmad Syaukani, Li Chun Yan

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Jump shot in modern basketball is an effective scoring way to overcome pressure of the defender. Fundamental jump shot technique relies on experience and biomechanical analyses. The purpose of this analysis was to evaluate kinematic profile of basketball players based on their experience level during mid-range jump shot. Four experienced basketball players and four less-experienced basketball players participated in the experiment. Jump shot phase was classified into 3 categories: preparatory, action, and follow-through. Angular displacement and angular velocity were measured using three-dimension (3D) motion capture technology. One-way Anova analysis indicated significant differences on several kinematic parameters between groups. On preparatory …

Efektifitas Modifikasi Permainan Tradisional Dalam Pengembangan Physical Literacy Anak Taman Kanak-Kanak, Uray Gustian, Eka Supriatna, Edi Purnomo

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Perkembangan gerak merupakan aspek penting dalam lingkup perkembangan anak. Akan tetapi, seiring dengan perubahan pola hidup dan pengaruh gadget yang menyebabkan anak menjadi kurang dalam melakukan gerak. Untuk itu diperlukan suatu usaha untuk menstimulus anak selalu aktif, memiliki keterampilan, pengetahuan, motivasi dan kepercayaan diri melakukan aktivitas gerak (Physical literacy) yang dilakukan sejak taman kanak-kanak. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan mengimplementasikan permainan tradisional yang dimodifikasi pada pembelajaran anak taman kanak-kanak dan partisipan berjumlah 150 anak. Permainan tradisional yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran terdiri atas tujuh permainan tradisional yaitu permainan lempar kaleng, permainan engklek, permainan lempar telur penyu, sumpitan, balap balon, estafet kelereng, …

The Psychological Skills Of Basketball Athletes: Are There Any Differences Based On The Playing Position?, Fitri Agung Nanda, Dimyati Dimyati

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Player-based psychological skills are an important factor that any coach should understand. Unfortunately, up to date there has not been any study that deals with the disclosure of player-based psychological skills especially for basketball athletes. Therefore, through the conduct of the study the researchers would like to identify the psychological skills of basketball athletes based on the playing position namely forward, guard and centre. The nature of the study is a quantitative-descriptive research with the retrospective causal-comparative design or ex-post factor design. Then, during the conduct of the study the researchers selected 24 basketball athletes who consisted of 11 forwards, …

Baseball And Biomechanics: Injury Prevention For Baseball Pitcher, Fajar Awang Irawan, Chuang Long-Ren

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Pitching was the fastest motion in baseball. Upper extremity has important roles especially in shoulder, elbow, wrist, and fingers. The purpose of this study was to integrate the information in a resume of biomechanical pitching and baseball pitcher's injuries. The data base used refers to PubMed, SAGE, and Elsevier and several relevance journals related to baseball and injuries. Source refers to the data since December 2017 to the oldest 2000 to get data source in baseball pitcher injuries. Upper arm has the prominent role when pitching to get maximum motion and joints stabilize. Rotator cuff muscle generate rotation in the …

Towards A “Rescue Ready” Mindset: Can Lifeguard Teams Learn Lessons From The Attributes Of Chronic Unease?, Billy Rj Doyle, Jonathon Webber

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Highly Reliable Organisations (HROs) are safety-centric organisations that operate in complex environments alongside risky technologies and processes. There is a high risk of catastrophe and error in these settings, the consequences of which may result in loss of life, financial cost, and damage to the environment. “Chronic unease” is a concept originally adopted by Royal Dutch Shell describing a mindset that has five predictable attributes that contribute to an individual’s and organisational safety culture. The authors of this paper describe the attributes of chronic unease in the context of lifeguard operations. A case study of a dangerous and dynamic rescue …

The Feasibility Of Vigorous Resistance Exercise Training In Adults With Intellectual Disabilities With Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors, Stijn Wetering, Alyt Oppewal, Thessa I. M. Hilgenkamp

Physical Therapy Faculty Research

Background The cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is high in adults with intellectual disabilities. This CVD risk can potentially be decreased with a resistance training (RT) programme at vigorous intensity, following previous research on successful High‐Intensity Training programmes. Our aim was to explore the feasibility of a vigorous RT‐programme for adults with intellectual disabilities with CVD risk factors. Method Twenty‐four adults with intellectual disabilities with at least one CVD risk factor participated in a 24‐week RT‐programme. The training intensity was increased from novice (50%1RM) to vigorous (75%–80%1RM). Feasibility was based on the achieved training intensity at the end of the RT‐programme. …

The Relationship Between Exercise And Quality Of Life In Adults In The U.S. Who Suffer From Cystic Fibrosis, April Renae Pitts

Theses and Dissertations

Cystic Fibrosis is a life-threatening lung condition that affects many yet the knowledge of its existence is very little. There is a relationship between the health and well-being of Cystic Fibrosis patients and physical activity. This research is designed to expand the knowledge on the effects exercise and lung function may have on the quality of life on adults that suffer from Cystic Fibrosis. The researcher also seeks to examine what control and behavioral beliefs might contribute to the intentions of an adult with Cystic Fibrosis exercising regularly while using the behavioral and control belief constructs of the Theory of …

Commentary: Acute Effects Of Exercise Mode On Arterial Stiffness And Wave Reflection In Healthy Young Adults: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, J. Derek Kingsley, Yu Lun Tai

Health & Human Performance Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Structural And Tissue-Level Adaptations Of Lumbar Intervertebral Discs In Humans With Inducible Low Back Pain Symptoms, Christian Isaiah Weber

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

Low back pain (LBP) is a devastating musculoskeletal ailment that impacts majority of the global population. Up to 95% of cases are considered nonspecific where the origin is unclear. Although there is a diagnosis with these cases, there lacks specificity that would help individuals with treatment and pain management. Imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are primarily utilized in the diagnosis of LBP as it illuminates internal structures of the spine. One important structure clearly identified with MRI is the intervertebral disc (IVD) that is susceptible to injury and disease. Further, diagnostic imaging is performed lying down where …

Discovering Motor Phenotypes In Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cross-Syndrome Approach, Daniel Edwin Lidstone

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a behavioral phenotype characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction accompanied by restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviors, interests, or activities. Currently in the US, approximately 2.5% of children have a diagnosis of ASD. The etiology of ASD is complex, however the disorder does have a strong genetic basis. Specific genetic mutations can lead to neuroanatomical and neurophysiological changes during development resulting in a behavioral phenotype that falls along the ASD spectrum and may result in a diagnosis of ASD. The severity of ASD-specific behaviors falls on a continuum …

Muscle Synergy Adaptation During A Novel Postural Stabilization Task, Rajat Emanuel Singh

Theses and Dissertations

Background: In human postural studies, it is believed that low dimensional motor modules are combined to simplify the movement. These lower dimensional modules are termed as muscle synergies (MS). Therefore, understanding MS evoked by postural perturbation may provide us the specific muscle co-activation pattern for stability. Research Aim: The scope of our study is to identify synergies associated with postural stability while walking on a perturbing platform and study the effect of different proficiency levels on their size and structure. Methodology: We asked nine human participants to walk overground and on a slackline to study task-specific modulation of synergy structures. …

Back-Squat Exercise And Its Correlation With Vertical Jump In Division I Female Volleyball Players, Taylor-Annette Kathryn Lindberg

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to analyze the back-squat exercise and determine how this exercise correlates with vertical jump in Division I female volleyball players. Athletic data from current and previous collegiate volleyball athletes from the University of Arkansas at Little Rock Volleyball Program were obtained, analyzed, and reviewed during the spring training/conditioning cycle. Squat maxes, standing vertical jump, and approach vertical jump were tested on the first day of the spring training session (first day of January training), and then retested after a six-week training cycle.

Tunnel-Tube And Fourier Methods For Measuring Three-Dimensional Medium Reaction Force In Burrowing Animals, Alexis Moore Crisp, Clinton J. Barnes, David V. Lee

Life Sciences Faculty Research

Subterranean digging behaviors provide opportunities for protection, access to prey, and predator avoidance for a diverse array of vertebrates, yet studies of the biomechanics of burrowing have been limited by the technical challenges of measuring kinetics and kinematics of animals moving within a medium. We describe a new system for measuring 3D reaction forces during burrowing, called a ‘tunnel-tube’, which is composed of two, separately instrumented plastic tubes: an ‘entry tube’ with no medium, in series with a ‘digging tube’ filled with medium. Mean reaction forces are measured for a digging bout and Fourier analysis is used to quantify the …