Kinesiology Commons^™

To Walk Or To Run – A Question Of Movement Attractor Stability, Peter C. Raffalt, Jenny A. Kent, Shane R. Wurdeman, Nicholas Stergiou

Journal Articles

During locomotion, humans change gait mode between walking and running as locomotion speed is either increased or decreased. Dynamical systems theory predicts that the self-organization of coordinated motor behaviors dictates the transition from one distinct stable attractor behavior to another distinct attractor behavior (e.g. walk to run or vice versa) as the speed is changed. To evaluate this prediction, the present study investigated the attractor stability of walking and running across a range of speeds evoking both self-selected gait mode and non-self-selected gait mode. Eleven subjects completed treadmill walking for 3 min at 0.89, 1.12, 1.34, 1.56, 1.79, 2.01, 2.24 …

Dynamic Interactive Artificial Intelligence: Sketches For A Future Ai Based On Human-Machine Interaction, Dobromir Dotov, Tom Froese

Journal Articles

We propose to designate as dynamic interactive artificial intelligence (dAI) a cross-section of existing work in artificially designed and artificially evolved systems meant for minimal forms of interaction with human users. This approach borrows principles from artificial life and human movement science to avoid pitfalls of traditional AI. Counter to tradition, it prioritizes user-machine inter-dependence over autonomy. It starts small and relies on incremental growth instead of trying to implement advanced complete functionality. It assumes a perceptual ontology founded on movement coordination rather than object classification. Its development process is better described as reverse self-organization rather than reverse engineering. dAI …

Visualizing Interdisciplinary Collaborations Within Exercise Science: A Pilot Study, Elizabeth Bjornsen

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Exercise science is a growing field with sub-disciplines exploring various aspects of physical activity. Diverse perspectives allow the field to answer complex research questions, but little is known about the collaborative nature of exercise science today. Research practices have implications on undergraduate curriculum, likely incorporating experiential knowledge into course subject matter and providing diverse experiences for students entering the workforce. Therefore, the purpose of the pilot study is to visualize and quantify interdisciplinary collaborations within exercise science. Journal citation analysis and an adaptation of social networking theory were utilized to examine collaborative practices of exercise science faculty at the University …

Examination Of Emergency Medical Services Activations For Sport- Related Injuries, Rebecca Marie Hirschhorn

Theses and Dissertations

Research examining emergency medical services (EMS) activations for sport- related injuries has been limited regarding the populations examined, inclusion criteria, and location. The management of sport-related injuries by EMS providers has also not been examined. The purpose of this study was to describe EMS activations for sport- related injuries from a national sample and describe their management by EMS. Data was obtained from the National EMS Information System Database for the years 2017 and 2018. Sport-related injuries were identified using specific ICD-10-CM codes for the incident location type and cause of injury. Cases were limited to 9-1-1 responses for patients …

The Association Of Exercise Training Modalities With Circulating Branched Chain Amino Acid And Ketone Body Levels In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, Ryan Andrew Flynn

Theses and Dissertations

Background: Elevated levels of circulating branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and ketone bodies are recognized as biomarkers for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other pathological conditions in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Aerobic exercise interventions have been shown to decrease the levels of these markers, suggesting improved metabolic status and reduced risk of CVD. However, the efficacy of resistance training and concurrent programs in reducing BCAA and ketone body levels has not been well researched.

Methods: The current study was performed as a secondary analysis of the HART-D trial, a 9-month randomized, controlled exercise-training trial of 262 participants with T2DM. Participants were randomized …

Mitochondrial Contributions To Disuse Atrophy: Let’S Talk About Sex, Megan Rosa-Caldwell

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Skeletal muscle atrophy is a hallmark of many pathologies and is associated with disease prognosis, quality of life, and mortality. Specifically, lack of contractile activity of the muscle can result in disuse-associated atrophy. Disuse-induced atrophy is a common phenomenon in intensive care unit (ICU) patients and significantly impacts patient prognosis and ability to transition of out of intensive care. However, effective therapeutics to mitigate disuse-associated atrophy do not exist, clearly demonstrating the scientific and clinical need to further understand mechanisms contributing to disuse atrophy. In particular, a significant portion of the scientific literature has utilized male models, yet there is …

Nutrient Timing: A Garage Door Of Opportunity?, Shawn M. Arent, Harry P. Cintineo, Bridget A. Mcfadden, Alexa Jenny Chandler, Michelle Angelique Arent

Faculty Publications

Nutrient timing involves manipulation of nutrient consumption at specific times in and around exercise bouts in an effort to improve performance, recovery, and adaptation. Its historical perspective centered on ingestion during exercise and grew to include pre- and post-training periods. As research continued, translational focus remained primarily on the impact and outcomes related to nutrient consumption during one specific time period to the exclusion of all others. Additionally, there seemed to be increasing emphasis on outcomes related to hypertrophy and strength at the expense of other potentially more impactful performance measures. As consumption of nutrients does not occur at only …

No More “Social Distancing” But Practice Physical Separation, Debasree Das Gupta, David W. S. Wong

Kinesiology and Health Science Faculty Publications

Though not a new term, “social distancing” exploded onto the global stage as an expression to publicize the only means currently available to control the transmission of COVID-19. This term is increasingly being adopted and translated into the vernacular to inform and guide public behavior in most, if not all, countries around the world. However, any effective global response requires direct and unambiguous communication and sharing of ideas across communities with different cultural backgrounds as well as between researchers and responders across the disciplinary spectrum. Unfortunately, social distancing is a misnomer. The current use of social distancing – separating ourselves …

Teaching Foundational Aquatic Skills To Children In Open Water Environments, Chris Button, Angela J. Button, Anne-Marie Jackson, Jim D. Cotter, Brian Maraj

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Learning to swim in a swimming pool might not prepare water competence sufficiently for different aquatic environments. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of teaching children water safety knowledge and skills in open water environments (i.e., harbor, river, and surf). The aquatic knowledge and skills of 98 children (7-11 years old) were tested in a swimming pool before, immediately after, and three months after receiving a three-day intensive education program. At pre-test, typically fewer than 50% of children achieved a high level of water safety competence. After the program, competency in each of the six tasks …

3d Printing Of Face Masks And Face Shields To Address The Coronavirus Public Health Crisis In New Mexico, Natalia D. Mclver, Laura Kief Shaffer, Craig Kief, Christina Salas

Western Journal of Orthopaedics

Shortages of personal protective equipment (PPE) in the State of New Mexico (NM), particularly in regions with limited access to healthcare facilities, led to exploration of 3D printing options for PPE production. Open-source Version 2 Wiles COVID Pandemic Masks, a 3-part design (mask, filter box, and filter), are printed with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), a pliable filament material. Printing with TPU makes our masks contourable to the face and provides a tight seal during use. Filter boxes for the masks and 3DVerkstan 3D printed face shield headbands are printed using polylactic acid polymer filament. Filters consist of two layers of hospital …

Effects Of Combined Power Band Resistance Training On Sprint Speed, Agility, Vertical Jump Height And Strength In Collegiate Soccer Players, Edgar T. Katushabe, Mark Kramer

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 13(4): 950-963, 2020. Soccer involves explosive physical actions requiring strength, power, and agility for optimal performance. Such attributes may be trained several ways, of which power-band resistance training has received limited attention regarding the potential for performance improvement in soccer players. This study serves to determine the effect of power-band resistance training on 1-repetition maximal (1RM) strength, speed, standing vertical jump (SVJ) height, and agility of collegiate soccer players. Seventeen male players (age: 20.47 ± 1.85 years, height: 1.77 ± 0.08 m, mass: 70.49 ± 4.15 kg) were matched and randomly allocated into either a …

A Single Bout Of Foam Rolling Increases Flexibility Of The Hip Adductor Muscles Without Compromising Strength, Gavin Connolly, Roger L. Hammer, Joseph A. Powell, Paul L. O'Connor

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 13(7): 938-949, 2020. Foam rolling (FR) is a method of self-myofascial release (SMR) implemented to reduce tension in underlying soft tissue, leading to increased range of motion (ROM). The hip adductor muscles of the groin are commonly less flexible and often a site for soft tissue injuries. Limited research has been done to determine the most effective flexibility exercises to increase ROM in the groin muscles prior to exercise without comprising strength. The purpose was to determine the effect of an acute bout of FR on passive groin flexibility and strength. Randomized crossover study with …

Rowing Ergometer Kinematics Of Collegiate Female Rowers, Christina Lemunyon, Kevin Carlson

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology

• The purpose was to quantify rowing kinematics of female rowers and compare how rowing mechanics concurred with the rowing style taught by the coaching staff.
• Rowing kinematics at various paces were captured using Xsens motion capture hardware and processing software.
• Point of application 1: Lack of knee extension at the end of the drive phase limited the knee range of motion and time for force development.
• Point of application 2: Elbow flexion and hip extension occurred too early in the stroke leading to poor skeletal segmental interactions.
• Point of application 3: It was determined that the rowers examined in this …

Validation D’Un Nouveau Système De Mesure Inertiel Pour Estimer La Cinématique Du Corps Humain : Le Cas Des Manutentionnaires, Hakim Mecheri, Xavier Robert-Lachaîne, Antoine Muller, Christian Larue, André Plamondon

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Les études terrain avec des systèmes ambulatoires capables de mesurer la cinématique du corps humain sont maintenant possibles. Toutefois, ces systèmes de mesure sont souvent très onéreux, ce qui pourrait empêcher les entreprises ou encore les intervenants de se les procurer. L’objectif de cette recherche était de valider un nouveau système ambulatoire abordable (Perception Neuron Noitom de moins de 2 000 $ CA) pour mesurer la cinématique complète du corps humain et fournir une rétroaction fidèle de la tâche réalisée en utilisant ici l’exemple du travail de manutentionnaires.

Pour ce faire, cinq sujets ont été recrutés et des mesures …

Assessing The Temporal Organization Of Walking Variability: A Systematic Review And Consensus Guidelines On Detrended Fluctuation Analysis, Deepak K. Ravi, Vivien Marmelat, William R. Taylor, Karl M. Newell, Nicholas Stergiou, Navrag B. Singh

Journal Articles

Human physiological signals are inherently rhythmic and have a hallmark feature in that even distant intrasignal measurements are related to each other. This relationship is termed long-range correlation and has been recognized as an indicator of the optimal state of the observed physiological systems, among which the locomotor system. Loss of long-range correlations has been found as a result of aging as well as disease, which can be evaluated with detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA). Recently, DFA and the scaling exponent α have been employed for understanding the degeneration of temporal regulation of human walking biorhythms in, for example, Parkinson disease …

Postural Control Is Altered In Females With Excessive Medial Knee Displacement, Joao R. Vaz, Nikolaos Stergiou, Ana Diniz, Ricardo Dinis, Pedro Pezarat-Correia

Journal Articles

Knee valgus motion observed during landing tasks has been proposed as a predictor of future knee injury. It mainly involves excess motion in the frontal plane and is known to be greater in individuals with excessive medial knee displacement (MKD). This affects postural control during sports manoeuvres. Previous sports medicine-related research suggests that the nature of these fluctuations provide rich and more sensitive information to identify risk of (re)injury. We aimed to investigate the fluctuations of the centre of pressure (CoP) in individuals with and without excessive MKD. Twenty females (12 controls; 8 excessive MKD) were instructed to perform single-leg …

Efficient Method Of Delivery For Powdered Supplement Or Placebo For An Outdoor Exercise Investigation, R W. Salatto, Dustin W. Davis, Bryson Carrier, Brenna Barrios, Jacquelyn Sertic, Peyton Cater, James W. Navalta

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology

• Researchers often encounter issues while attempting to deliver complete doses of a desired supplement/placebo when conducting research in outdoor environments. The problem faced by our research team was how to efficiently deliver 6.4 grams of Beta Alanine (BA) powder to subjects while conducting a hiking study on a windy trail in Southern Utah. To minimize the potential impact of the weather, and to maximize the efficiency of delivery, we determined a premixed bolus of BA contained in individual commercially available 8oz water bottles was the most efficient delivery method. The purpose of this article is to detail the development and …

Examining Grit Like Qualities In Nfl Qbs, John Beck, Mark Debeliso

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 13(5): 912-923, 2020. In order to excel in the National Football League (NFL) it would seem reasonable to assume an athlete has grit which consists of the constructs of consistency of interest and perseverance of effort. Grit-like qualities such as endurance, urgency and intensity, self-confidence, need for encouragement, and self-criticality may be of particular value for the athlete playing the Quarterback (QB) position. The purpose of the study was to assess the 5 grit-like constructs of endurance, urgency and intensity, self-confidence, need for encouragement, and self-criticality among NFL QBs. The Flippen Profile^TM assessment was …

Case Report Of A Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Intervention During Aerobic Exercise In A 44-Year-Old Amateur Triathlete Male With A History Of Acute Myocardial Infarction, Maxime Caru, François Lalonde, Hugo Gravel, Chantal Daigle, Daniel Curnier

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 13(3): 924-937, 2020. Over the years, exercise has become increasingly important in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, AMI patients need to be closely monitored since they maintain cardiovascular disease risks, such as ventricular repolarization abnormalities in electrocardiograms during exercise and rest. A recent study showed the need to focus on the different potential mechanisms and the applicability of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) for cardiac patients engaged in exercise rehabilitation. This is the first case report that explores the effectiveness of an RIPC intervention in a 44-year-old amateur triathlete male with a history of …

The Effects Of Walking With A Load In The Heat On Physiological Responses Among Military Reserve Female Cadets, Nurul Atikah Shuhada, Marilyn L.Y. Ong, Chee Keong Chen

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 13(2): 900-911, 2020. This study aimed to investigate the effects of walking in a hot and humid environment while wearing a combat suit with a load on physiological responses among the Malaysian Military Reserve Officer Training Unit (ROTU) female cadets. Eight healthy female ROTU cadets (age: 21.3 ± 1.0 years old; height: 156.3 ± 4.9 cm; weight: 55.6 ± 7.5 kg) participated in this randomised, crossover trial. They walked for 1 h on a treadmill at 3 km.h^-1 while carrying either 8.2 kg load (WL) or without load (WOL) in a room maintained at …

Donning A Novel Lower-Limb Restrictive Compression Garment During Training Augments Muscle Power And Strength, Jaxon T. Baum, Robert P. Carter, Eric V. Neufeld, Brett A. Dolezal

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 13(3): 890-899, 2020. The popularity of graduated compression garments (GCG) in sport and exercise is largely driven by the abundance of anecdotal claims suggesting their efficacy. A new line of compression apparel, restrictive compression garments (RCG), integrate novel resistance technology into lower-limb compression garments designed to provide variable resistance to movement. This study aimed to investigate the effect of donning an RCG during a 4-week training program on selected performance variables. Twelve college-aged males were recruited for four weeks of lower-body strength-power resistance training. Participants were randomized 1:1 and blinded to (i) an intervention group …

Effects Of Horizontal And Incline Bench Press On Neuromuscular Adaptations In Untrained Young Men, Suene F. N. Chaves, Valdinar A. Rocha-Júnior, Irismar G. A. Encarnação, Hugo C. Martins-Costa, Eduardo D. S. Freitas, Daniel B. Coelho, Frederico S. C. Franco, Jeremy P. Loenneke, Martim Bottaro, João B. Ferreira-Júnior

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 13(6): 859-872, 2020. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of horizontal and incline bench press as well as the combination of both exercises on neuromuscular adaptation in untrained young men. Forty-seven untrained men were randomly assigned to one of the three groups: 1) a horizontal bench press group (n= 15), 2) an incline bench press group (n= 15), and 3) a combination (horizontal + incline) group (n= 17). Training was conducted once a week for eight weeks, with equalized number of sets among groups. Muscle thickness, isometric strength and electromyography …

The Influence Of Sport-Related Concussion On Lower Extremity Injury Risk: A Review Of Current Return-To-Play Practices And Clinical Implications, Jason M. Avedesian, Tracey Covassin, Janet S. Dufek

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 13(3): 873-889, 2020. Sport-related concussions (SRCs) are now classified as a major health concern affecting athletes across all sporting levels, with recent evidence suggesting upwards of 3.8 million SRCs occur each year. Multiple injury surveillance datasets have recently determined that athletes post-SRC, compared to non-concussed counterparts, are at greater risk for lower extremity (LE) injury beyond the resolution of traditional SRC assessment batteries. However, it is presently uncertain if common clinical practices (symptom reporting, neuropsychological (NP) examination, and static postural control analysis) can determine athletes at risk for LE injury following an SRC. A comprehensive …

The Effect Of Timing And Type Of Exercise On The Quality Of Sleep In Trained Individuals, Victoria Burgess, Jose Antonio, Helen Bland, Ronald Wagner, Jaime Tartar, Bridget Melton

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 13(7): 837-858, 2020. Sleep is an extremely important component for overall health and for a well-balanced training program. Recent studies have highlighted the interaction between sleep, recovery, and performance in elite and recreational athletes alike. Exercise has been known to affect the quality of sleep, nevertheless the impact is not well understood in the current research, particularly the effects of exercise timing and intensity on sleep quality. The purpose of this study was to understand if exercise timing and intensity significantly impact sleep quality among recreational exercisers. The participants involved were recreational exercisers who were …

How “Dependent” Are We? A Spatiotemporal Analysis Of The Young And The Older Adult Populations In The Us, Debasree Das Gupta, David W. S. Wong

Kinesiology and Health Science Faculty Publications

The shifting of a country’s age structure has far-reaching socioeconomic and policy implications. In the US, the changing age structure at the sub-national level has received little research attention. To address this gap, we examine age dependencies across states in the US between 1990 and 2010 using decennial census data. We find that dependency changes have been gradual with a distinct graying of states during this period. Within this overarching trend, the sources of states’ dependencies follow complicated trajectories without clear spatiotemporal patterns. Nevertheless, changes in states’ old-age dependency contributions to respective total dependencies are geographically clustered and the inverse …

Caution Needed When Interpreting Muscle Activity Patterns During Extremely Low Pedaling Cadence, Yuliang Sun, Li Li

Health Sciences & Kinesiology: Faculty Publications

Work published in Journal of Sport and Health Science.

High School Student-Athletes' Parents Show Limited Understanding Of Qualifications And Skills Of Athletic Trainers, Taylor Flanigan, Erika Smith-Goodwin, Jennifer Walker

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Please enjoy Volume 6, Issue 1 of the JSMAHS. In this issue, you will find Professional, Graduate, and Undergraduate research abstracts, and case reports.

Thank you for viewing this 6^th Annual OATA Special Edition.

Do High Amounts Of Stress And Anxiety Lead To A Higher Injury Rate Among Student Athletes?, Meghan Koch, Jennifer Walker, Erika Smith-Goodwin

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Please enjoy Volume 6, Issue 1 of the JSMAHS. In this issue, you will find Professional, Graduate, and Undergraduate research abstracts, and case reports.

Thank you for viewing this 6^th Annual OATA Special Edition.

Athletic Trainers Provide A Positive Outlet To Athletes'' Injuries And Mental State During Summer Travel Baseball Season, Jeffrey Clydesdale, J. Brett Massie, Erika Smith-Goodwin

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Please enjoy Volume 6, Issue 1 of the JSMAHS. In this issue, you will find Professional, Graduate, and Undergraduate research abstracts, and case reports.

Thank you for viewing this 6^th Annual OATA Special Edition.

Correlation Between Playertek Performance Data And Fatigue As Measured By The Restq-76 Sport Over The Course Of A Collegiate Soccer Season, Miranda Haas, Hailey Bauer, Victoria Nye, Danielle Kilboy, Shelley Payne

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Please enjoy Volume 6, Issue 1 of the JSMAHS. In this issue, you will find Professional, Graduate, and Undergraduate research abstracts, and case reports.

Thank you for viewing this 6^th Annual OATA Special Edition.