Kinesiology Commons^™

Balance Recovery Response In Community-Dwelling Adults With Unilateral Transtibial Amputation And The Potential Benefits Of A Weight-Shifting Balance Training Intervention, Hui-Ting Shih

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Previous studies have shown that individuals with various physical, sensory and neuromuscular impairments are at higher risks of falls. Individuals with unilateral transtibial amputation (UTTA) suffered from all these impairments, and tripping not surprisingly caused a considerable number of falls in this population. To study falls, researchers have to put participants in a well-protected environment and reproduce tripping fall scenarios. Furthermore, the perturbation delivery needs to be precise in terms of temporo-spatial timing. These features would ensure the quality of responses elicited and reproducibility of the results. Thus, in Chapter 2, we developed a treadmill-based perturbation delivery protocol and confirmed …

Validation Of Non-Invasive Co2 Tolerance Field Test, Joshua T. Murphey

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

INTRODUCTION: Breathwork, or the specific act of controlling breathing to elicit a desired outcome, is not only a potential way to improve one’s mental well-being but also to alter adaptative responses through gas exchange at the capillary level. Increasing tolerance to carbon dioxide (CO₂) has been positively correlated with improvement in athletic performance and reduction of stress and anxiety. However, there does not exist a validated non-invasive test to accurately measure one’s tolerance to CO₂. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to validate the only currently known CO₂ tolerance (CO₂T) field test …

Slamming Dynamics Of Diving And Its Implications For Diving-Related Injuries, Anupam Pandey, Jisoo Yuk, Brian Chang, Frank E. Fish, Sunghwan Jung

Biology Faculty Publications

In nature, many animals dive into water at high speeds, e.g., humans dive from cliffs, birds plunge, and aquatic animals porpoise and breach. Diving provides opportunities for animals to find prey and escape from predators and is a source of great excitement for humans. However, diving from high platforms can cause severe injuries to a diver. In this study, we demonstrate how similarity in the morphology of diving fronts unifies the slamming force across diving animals and humans. By measuring a time-averaged impulse that increases linearly with the impact height, we are able to estimate the unsteady hydrodynamic forces that …

The Effects Of Mindful Meditation On Body Image In Female Collegiate Athletes During The Late Luteal And Early Follicular Phases Of The Menstrual Cycle, Katherine Jankevicius

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Body image has been studied in previous research but there is a gap in research with the consideration of body image changes during the phases of the menstrual cycle. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a mindful meditation intervention on body image during the late luteal and early follicular phases of the menstrual cycle in collegiate female athletes. Eight female collegiate athletes (age: 20.5 ± 1.8 years, height: 1.7 ± 0.1 m, weight: 62.4 ± 8.9 kg, body fat: 26.4 ± 6.9%) participated in both the control and mindful meditation intervention with each taking three …

Physical Activity And Mindfulness Are Associated With Lower Anxiety In Different But Complementary Ways, Allison L. Mizzi, Antony D. Karelis, Jennifer J. Heisz

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(7): 1075-1084, 2022. Introduction: Anxiety is the most prevalent mental illness worldwide. Physical activity and mindfulness both reduce anxiety. The two are highly related; however, the relative association of physical activity and mindfulness on anxiety has yet to be examined. The present study aimed to evaluate the unique variance accounted for by physical activity and mindfulness on anxiety. Methods: Fifty young adults from a student population (M ± SD = 19 ± 0.2 years old; 58% female) reported their physical activity, mindfulness, and anxiety symptoms at the start of the study and reported their change …

Impact Of An Acute Bout Of Submaximal Aerobic Exercise On Circulating Leukocytes In Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury, Garett S. Jackson, Kendra R. Todd, Jan W. Van Der Scheer, Jeremy J. Walsh, Gabriel U. Dix, Kathleen A. Martin Ginis, Jonathan P. Little

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(3): 1085-1104, 2022. Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) may experience cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and organ function dysregulation. Sequelae include reduced catecholamine secretion and attenuated immune responses which may impact exercise-induced leukocytosis. The purpose of this study was to characterize major leukocyte subtypes following 30 minutes of acute, submaximal aerobic exercise, in line with updated international SCI exercise guidelines for adults. It was hypothesized that exercise would increase major leukocyte subtypes when compared to fasted baseline. Eight participants with SCI (incomplete n = 6; complete n = 2) completed a 30-minute bout of aerobic exercise on …

Aerobic Performance Detriments While Wearing A Face Mask Diverge Among Males And Females, Jose M. Moris, Yunsuk Koh

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(2): 1105-1116, 2022. The current study examined the impact of wearing a face mask (FM) at rest and while exercising on cardiorespiratory variables and aerobic performance between males and females. Nine males (21.4 ± 0.5 yr) and 9 females (21.8 ± 3.6 yr) performed a pulmonary function test and a graded maximal exercise test (GXT) on a treadmill with an FM and without an FM in random order. During the GXT, cardiorespiratory variables were measured at different exercise intensities (rest, 40%, 55%, 70%, 80%, 100% of VO₂max) and during recovery. Regardless of sex, …

The Effectiveness Of Facebook As A Social Network Intervention To Increase Physical Activity In Chinese Young Adults, Patrick W.C. Lau, J. J. Wang, Lynda B. Ransdell, Lei Shi

Kinesiology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Introduction: Facebook, one of the worlds' most popular online social networks, is easy to access and cost-effective. Its use to enhance individual's physical activity (PA) participation should be examined. This research reviews the effectiveness and successful features of Facebook for influencing PA behaviors in young adults (Study 1), and empirically examines the efficacy of the features purported in increase PA via a Facebook intervention (Study 2).

Methods: In Study 1, PubMed, Medline, SPORT Discus, ERIC, and Embase were searched for articles that identified successful features and effectiveness of Facebook PA interventions published between January 2005 and February 2022. In Study …

Patient Compliance With Wearing Lower Limb Assistive Devices: A Scoping Review, Ayisha Bashir, Danae Dinkel, Iraklis Pipinos, Jason Johanning, Sara Myers

Journal Articles

Objective

The aim of this scoping review was to identify information on compliance with wearing orthoses and other supportive devices, to discuss the barriers to adherence, and to suggest strategies for improvement based on these findings.

Methods

Online databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched for articles about patients’ compliance with regard to lower limb assistive devices. In addition, a methodological quality control process was conducted. Studies were included if in the English language and related to compliance and adherence to the lower limb assistive device. Exclusion was based on first reading the abstract …

The Acute Effect Of In Natura Beetroot Juice Intake On Intra-Session Exercise Sequences During Concurrent Training, Diego Souza, Julio Ribeiro, Andrea Simão, Millán Aguilar-Navarro, Marcos Polito

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(2): 1075-1085, 2022. The purpose of this study was to analyze the acute effects of in natura beetroot juice intake on intra-session exercise sequences during concurrent training. Following a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover design, 20 well-trained men (21.4 ± 2.9 years; 74.8 ± 6.3 kg; 175.7 ± 5.0 cm) performed two concurrent training sessions with different intra-session exercise sequences: CT1 (aerobic exercise + resistance exercises) and CT2 (resistance exercises + aerobic exercise). The resistance exercises were bench-press, lat-pull down, and shoulder-press (three sets to failure; 2 s cadence for the concentric and eccentric phases; 90 …

A Brief Report Relating Physical Activity And Depressive Symptoms In Women During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Kim Hollingdale, Casey Mace Firebaugh, Stephanie M. Morgan

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of Education and Professional Studies

Purpose.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between self-reported physical activity and depressive symptoms in US women during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods.

A quantitative self-report online survey was administered to adult women (n > 800) in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Physical activity was measured for frequency, intensity, and duration by using Likert scales, along with descriptive measures of types of activity. The Beck Depression Inventory II was applied to assess depressive symptoms.

Results.

The Beck Depression Inventory II score of participants not engaging in physical activity (b = 13.344, …

Investigating The Psychophysiological Response To Grade One Muscular Injury In Professional Australian Football Athletes, Billymo Rist, Alan J. Pearce, Anthea C. Clarke

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(5): 1052-1063, 2022. The purpose of this study was to examine Australian Football athletes’ responses to a grade one muscular injury from a psychophysiological perspective to understand the strength of the association between stress, optimism, and cortisol. Forty-five players listed with one professional Australian Football club volunteered for this study. Inclusion criteria consisted of sustaining a muscular injury during the course of the season with four-weeks predicted recovery time (as diagnosed by club medical staff, n=9). The control group were age, position, and career history matched players from the same sample. Players were also matched …

Living Situation And Physical Activity In The Covid-19 Pandemic Among American Private University Students, Eduardo Gonzalez Villarreal, Laura S. Kabiri, Cassandra S. Diep, Hedi Y. Perkins, Amanda M. Perkins-Ball, Augusto X. Rodriguez

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(4): 1064-1074, 2022. Many university students experienced changes during the COVID-19 pandemic, including potential changes in physical activity (PA) levels and living situation. As PA behaviors in young adulthood help establish life-long habits and future health outcomes, the purpose of this study was to investigate overall change in PA, as well as change in PA due to living situation, among private university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Private university students (n = 109) between 18 and 25 years of age completed an online survey that included the International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form. T-tests …

Evaluating The Relationship Between Short- And Long-Term Neural Adaptations To Motor Skill Acquisition And Retention, Federico Iacoangeli

Journal for Sports Neuroscience

Attempting to understand the neurophysiological underpinnings of learned behaviors and the process of learning itself has yielded interesting findings relating to what happens in the brain and across the nervous system when learning a new skill. The nervous system displays several structural, functional and neurochemical adaptations to motor learning which have been highlighted through the use of neuroimaging techniques such as fMRI, EEG and TMS. This review attempts to outline the neural adaptations governing the acquisition and retention of motor skills, as well as build a timeline for these adaptations following Fitt’s model of motor learning (Fitts and Posner 1967). …

Trait Anxiety In Mixed Martial Artists, Julian Pino, Olivier Van Hauwermeiren, Jordan Kwamanakweenda, Corey Peacock, Jaime Tartar

Journal for Sports Neuroscience

ABSTRACT

Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) is a hybrid combat sport incorporating techniques from boxing, wrestling, Judo, Jiu-Jitsu, Karate, Muay Thai (Thai boxing), and other disciplines. Having only been deemed a competitive sport in 1993 by the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), not a lot of research has been done on these athletes. Research done so far on other areas of athletics has shown that personality traits can predict various cognitive, affective, and behavioral outcomes. Furthermore, elevated levels of Trait Anxiety have been shown to deteriorate non-MMA athletes’ overall performance in high-pressure situations. The present study aimed to investigate the presence of …

An Investigation Of Popular Recovery Methods In Volleyball Players, Timber Terrell

Student Theses and Dissertations

Volleyball athletes are required to perform high force jumping skills throughout practice and competition which sometimes results in acute muscle soreness. Athletes and coaches are seeking novel recovery methods to enhance jumping performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of two recovery methods: compression therapy and cupping therapy. During compression therapy, athletes place pneumatic sleeves on their legs following practice. During cupping therapy, a cup device is placed on various locations on the legs and a small suction is applied. Six college volleyball athletes jumping performance and range of motion was measured on three days following …

Short-Term Effects Of Repeated-Sprint Training On Vertical Jump Ability And Aerobic Fitness In Collegiate Volleyball Players During Pre-Season, Petrus Gantois, Gilmário Ricarte Batista, Leonardo Sousa Fortes, Arnaldo Luís Mortatti, Matheus Dantas, Daniel Gomes Da Silva Machado, Breno Guilherme De Araújo Ticoco Cabral

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(6): 1040-1051, 2022. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of repeated-sprint training (RST) on vertical jump ability and aerobic power in college volleyball players. Nineteen male volleyball players, aged between 18-24 years, were randomized into the RST group (RST; n = 10) and control group (CG; n = 9). The RST included 2-3 sets of 6x30m all-out sprints, twice per week, in addition to the regular training routine. The control group performed only the regular volleyball training sessions (i.e. mainly of technical-tactical drills). All players performed a maximal graded treadmill test, …

Peripheral Artery Disease Affects The Function Of The Legs Of Claudicating Patients In A Diffuse Manner Irrespective Of The Segment Of The Arterial Tree Primarily Involved, Todd Leutzinger, Panagiotis Koutakis, Matthew A. Fuglestad, Hafizur Rahman, Holly Despiegelaere, Mahdi Hassan, Molly Schieber, Jason Johanning, Nick Stergiou, G. Matthew Longo, George P. Casale, Sara A. Myers, Iraklis Pipinos

Journal Articles

Different levels of arterial occlusive disease (aortoiliac, femoropopliteal, multi-level disease) can produce claudication symptoms in different leg muscle groups (buttocks, thighs, calves) in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). We tested the hypothesis that different locations of occlusive disease uniquely affect the muscles of PAD legs and produce distinctive patterns in the way claudicating patients walk. Ninety-seven PAD patients and 35 healthy controls were recruited. PAD patients were categorized to aortoiliac, femoropopliteal and multi-level disease groups using computerized tomographic angiography. Subjects performed walking trials both pain-free and during claudication pain and joint kinematics, kinetics, and spatiotemporal parameters were calculated to …

Hip Torque Is A Mechanistic Link Between Sprint Acceleration And Maximum Velocity Performance: A Theoretical Perspective, Kenneth P. Clark, Laurence J. Ryan

Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Sprinting performance is critical for a variety of sports and competitive activities. Prior research has demonstrated correlations between the limits of initial acceleration and maximum velocity for athletes of different sprinting abilities. Our perspective is that hip torque is a mechanistic link between these performance limits. A theoretical framework is presented here that provides estimates of sprint acceleration capability based on thigh angular acceleration and hip torque during the swing phase while running at maximum velocity. Performance limits were calculated using basic anthropometric values (body mass and leg length) and maximum velocity kinematic values (contact time, thigh range of motion, …

Beyond Efficiency: Surface Electromyography Enables Further Insights Into The Surgical Movements Of Urologists, Rahul Soangra, Pengbo Jiang, Daniel Haik, Perry Xu, Andrew Brevik, Akhil Peta, Shlomi Tapiero, Jaime Landman, Emmanuel John, Ralph V. Clayman

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Introduction: Surgical skill evaluation while performing minimally invasive surgeries is a highly complex task. It is important to objectively assess an individual's technical skills throughout surgical training to monitor progress and to intervene when skills are not commensurate with the year of training. The miniaturization of wireless wearable platforms integrated with sensor technology has made it possible to noninvasively assess muscle activations and movement variability during performance of minimally invasive surgical tasks. Our objective was to use electromyography (EMG) to deconstruct the motions of a surgeon during robotic suturing (RS) and distinguish quantifiable movements that characterize the skill of an …

Creating A Shared Musical Interpretation: Changes In Coordination Dynamics While Learning Unfamiliar Music Together, Emily A. Wood, Andrew Chang, Dan Bosnyak, Lucas Klein, Elger Baraku, Dobromir Dotov, Laurel Trainor

Journal Articles

The ability to coordinate with others is fundamental for humans to achieve shared goals. Often, harmonious interpersonal coordination requires learning, such as ensemble musicians rehearing together to synchronize their low-level timing and high-level aesthetic musical expressions. We investigated how the coordination dynamics of a professional string quartet changed as they learned unfamiliar pieces together across eight trials. During all trials, we recorded each musician's body sway motion data, and quantified the group's body sway similarity (cross-correlation) and information flow (Granger causality) on each trial. In line with our hypothesis, group similarity increased, while group information flow decreased significantly across trials. …

Health And Fitness Comparisons Among Middle-Aged And Older Adults With Long-Term Participation In Four Different Sports, Peixuan Zheng, Lei Zhang, Feng Shi, Kaiwen Man, Elroy J. Aguiar

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(6): 1028-1039, 2022. Physical activity is known to confer numerous health benefits. However, few studies have assessed the prolonged impact of participation in different sports on health and fitness. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to compare the impact of long-term participation (i.e., ≥9 years) in four different sports, including two traditional Chinese (Tai Chi; diabolo) and two modern sports (aerobics; track and field [TF]) on health and fitness measures among middle-aged and older adults. Participants (n=252, 56.6±8.5y, 66% female) completed the following measures: height, weight, BMI, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio (WHR), body fat%, …

Individual Fluctuations In Blood Lactate Concentration During An Ice Hockey Game; Differences Between Player Positions, Nestor Lögdal, Marko S. Laaksonen, Erik P. Andersson

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(6): 985-993, 2022. The main purpose of the current study was to provide an in-depth description of individual player’s intra-game physiological responses during an ice hockey game. A secondary aim was to compare these responses between forwards and defensemen. Six elite junior ice hockey players, three forwards and three defensemen, median (interquartile range) 17 (17–17) years, 182 (180–185) cm, and 78 (74– 80) kg were recruited to participate in the study. Capillary blood samples were taken following each shift and analyzed for blood lactate concentration (BLC). Heart rate (HR) was registered continuously throughout the game. …

Relationships Between Lower-Body Power, Sprint And Change Of Direction Speed Among Collegiate Basketball Players By Sex, Javier A. Zaragoza, Quincy R. Johson, Daniel J. Lawson, Elizabeth L. Alfaro, J. Jay Dawes, Doug B. Smith

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(6): 974-984, 2022. The purpose of this study was to determine if significant relationships exist between absolute and relative lower-body power and selected measures of speed among male and female collegiate basketball players. Archived performance testing data from 29 (male = 14; female = 15) NCAA division II collegiate basketball players were used for this analysis. These measures included lane agility, 10-yard sprint, and shuttle run time (sec). A Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to determine if significant relationships existed between measures of lower-body power and linear sprint time, change of direction speed (CODS), and …

Immediate Effect Of Warm-Up On Single-Leg Balance In Individuals With And Without Functional Ankle Instability, Emily Abalos, You-Jou Hung

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(3): 1019-1027, 2022. Ankle sprains account for about 20% of all sports injuries in the United States. About 5-10 minutes of general warm-up is recommended to enhance performance and reduce injuries. However, its immediate impact on single-leg balance is unclear. The purpose of the study was to examine if different warm-up protocols could impact single-leg balance in individuals with and without functional ankle instability. Thirty volunteers (aged 19-29 years) participated in the study. The Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool was used to examine functional ankle stability and the Athletic Single-leg Stability Test of the Biodex Balance …

Efficacy Of Six Weeks Stability Exercises On The Glenohumeral Joint Of Female Tennis Players With Scapular Dyskinesia, Sahar Modares Gorji, Omid Kazemi, Parisa Shahrzad, Paulo H. Marchetti

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(3): 962-973, 2022. Background: Stabilizing exercises reduce pain intensity, improves shoulder position and scapular function, and provides an appropriate strategy for the improvement of scapular dyskinesia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of six weeks of stability exercises (stretching-strengthening) on joint proprioception, strength, and range of motion of the glenohumeral joint in female tennis players with scapular dyskinesia. Methods: Thirty-six female elite tennis players with scapular dyskinesia in both experimental and control groups participated in this study. Goniometer, Isokinetic and Biodex devices were used to evaluate the range of motion, internal …

Sex Differences In The Glycemic Response To Structured Exercise Interventions In Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus Adults: A Systematic Review, Amaya Prat-Luri, Alejandro Lopez-Valenciano, Elena Sarabia-Cachadiña, Gary Liguori, Francisco Ayala

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(3): 948-961, 2022. Despite physiological sex differences in the prevalence, pathogenesis, and responses to pharmacologic therapies of glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the current evidence regarding the benefits of physical activity in people with T2DM, there is still a lack of information about the response to physical activity in T2DM depending on the sex. Thus, the aim of the present systematic review was to analyze the physiological sex differences response to physical activity programs in adults with T2DM. A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines was performed up to 4^th January …

Acute Low-Dose Capsiate Supplementation Improves Upper Body Resistance Exercise Performance In Trained Men: A Randomized, Crossover And Double-Blind Study, Helton Pereira Dos Santos Nunes De Moura, Jason Michael Cholewa, Ralf Jaeger, Eduardo Zapaterra Campos, Bruno Viana Rosa, Flavio Antônio De Sousa Nunes, Clara Clara Andressa De Araújo Barros, Priscila Almeida Queiroz Rossi, Jose Gerosa-Neto, Nelo E. Zanchi, Fabricio Eduardo Rossi

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(2): 1007-1018, 2022. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two acute doses of Capsiate (CAP; 6 vs. 12 mg) on upper body resistance exercise performance in trained men. Methods: Using a randomized, crossover and double-blind design, 20 resistance-trained males were supplemented with low-dose CAP (6 mg), high-dose CAP (12 mg) or placebo 45 minutes before exercise. Subjects performed 4 sets of bench press with repetitions to failure at 70% 1 repetition maximum (1RM) and 2 minutes of rest between each set. The ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and blood …

The Biomechanical Effects Of Percussive Therapy Treatment On Jump Performance, Fany Alvarado, Kevin Valenzuela, Amanda Finn, Elizabeth L. Avila, Jill Crussemeyer, Mikiko Nakajima

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(1): 994-1006, 2022. Percussive therapy treatment is one form of myofascial release that has gained popularity amongst the sport community. It has been suggested that percussive therapy treatment may improve range of motion and improve athletic performance, but these claims are largely anecdotal. Currently, the effects of percussive therapy treatment on performance of athletic tasks is relatively unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to assess the effects of percussive therapy treatment on jump performance and passive range of motion. Twenty-six recreationally active college individuals performed countermovement jump and drop jump activities on two …

Bridging The Gap: Using College Athlete Support Services As Justification For Human Development In A Commercialized Sport Management, Sayvon Jl Foster, Calvin Nite

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(6): 934-947, 2022. This study investigates the presence of competing educational foundations within college athlete support service units across the 65 ‘Power Five’ conferences to call for more human development elements within sport management education and training. To determine the orientation of professionals within these units, educational foundation is used as the measure given the role education holds in establishing and communicating norms, values, and rules of practice for professionals within the discipline. Information was gathered through staff biographies and triangulated through secondary sources (university archives and social media accounts – LinkedIn and Twitter). Of …