Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering Commons^™

Instructions To Connect An Agtext Telecaption Ii Decoder To Your Tv In Rural Areas, Tom Priddy

Agricultural Engineering Extension Updates

• Follow all safety instructions as provided in your Telecaption II Decoder manual.
• Plug your Telecaption II Decoder into regular 110-115V house current outlet.
• Plug your TV power cord into the rear of your Telecaption II Decoder.
• Turn your TV on (from this point your Telecaption II Decoder turns your TV off/on). Now press the Decoder ''power on'' button.
• Look at the rear panel of your Telecaptlon II Decoder. Connect your outside antenna (or cable coaxial if you're on cable TV) to the rear of your Telecaption II Decoder connection labeled "from ant or cable''. If you are using TV ribbon, …

Trickle Irrigation Installation For Horticulture Crops, Richard C. Warner, Jim Baier

Agricultural Engineering Extension Updates

Course Outline

1. Trickle Irrigation Overview
2. Design Planning
3. Water Supply
4. Basic Trickle Irrigation System
5. Design Drawing
6. Installation
7. Emitter Clogging Problems
8. Irrigation Scheduling

Grain Drying & Storage - Quick Reference Chart, Doug G. Overhults, Sam Mcneill

Agricultural Engineering Extension Updates

No abstract provided.

Chromate Adsorption On Amorphous Iron Oxyhydroxide In The Presence Of Major Groundwater Ions, John M. Zachara, Donald Girvln, Ronald Schmidt, C. Thomas Resch

United States Department of Energy: Publications

Chromate adsorption on amorphous iron oxyhydroxide was investigated in dilute iron suspensions as a single solute and in solutions of increasing complexity containing CO₂ (g), SO₄^2-(aq), H₄Si0₄(aq), and cations [K⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺(aq)]. In paired-solute systems (e.g., CrO₄^2- =H₂CO₃*), anionic cosolutes markedly reduce CrO₄^2- adsorption through a combination of competitive and electrostatic effects, but cations exert no appreciable influence. Additionally, H4Si04 exhibits a strong time-dependent effect: CrO₄^2- adsorption is greatly decreased with increasing H₄SiO_{4 …}

A Mathematical Model For The Fate Of Hazardous Substances In Soil: Model Description And Experimental Results, W. Greeney, C. Caupp, Ronald C. Sims

Biological Engineering Faculty Publications

A mathematical model (VIP) was developed and implemented for evaluating the fate of a hazardous substance in the unsaturated zone of the soil. The model simulates vadose zone processes including volatilization, degradation, adsorption/desorption, advection, and dispersion. Four physical phases in the vadose zone are considered including water, oil, soil grains, and soil-pore air (unsaturated pore space). The Vadose Zone Interactive Processes (VIP) model is appropriate for sites under RCRA and CERCLA (Superfund) categorization since site-specific soil-waste processes affecting transport of hazardous chemicals through the vadose zone are incorporated in the model. A RCRA land treatment system was chosen as the …

The Rate Of Benzo[A]Pyrene Apparent Loss In A Natural And Manure Amended Clay Loam Soil, M. P. Coover, Ronald C. Sims

Biological Engineering Faculty Publications

A study was conducted to evaluate the rate of Benzo[a]pyrene apparent loss from a previously uncontaminated agricultural clay loam soil and to determine the effect of cow manure, as organic substrate amendment, on B[a]P apparent loss. Soil microcosms were spiked with 10 μg/g B[a]P and incubated at 20°C. Triplicate sets of microcosms were periodically removed from incubation and solvent extracted. Concentrations of B[a]P in the soil were determined by HPLC analysis of the extracts. Under the conditions of this study manure was an ineffective amendment for increasing the rate of B[a]P apparent loss in the Durant clay loam soil. In …

The Effect Of Temperature On Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Persistence In An Unacclimated Agricultural Soil, M. P. Coover, Ronald C. Sims

Biological Engineering Faculty Publications

A laboratory study was conducted to investigate the effect of temperature on the persistence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) incubated in an unacclimated agricultural sandy loam soil. Soil microcosms were spiked with 16 priority pollutant PAHs and placed in incubation chambers at 10, 20, and 30°C. Triplicate sets of microcosms at each temperature were periodically removed from incubation over the 240 day study period and solvent extracted. Concentrations of PAHs in the soil were determined by HPLC analysis of the extracts. Substantial loss of three-ring compounds was observed at all temperatures whereas there was very little apparent loss of five …

Guarding Against Machine Hazards, R. A. Cavaletto

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

Successful guarding strategies requires knowledge of machine functions, the physical and psychological characteristics of man, and the their interactions. Machine hazards are identified along with recognized guarding methods. Material is included that could be used to teach this subject (case study, prob!em set, glossary}.

Vegetable Oil As An Emergency Fuel, E. Holmes, Joseph L. Taraba, George M. Turner

Agricultural Engineering Energy Series

The unstable world political situation combined with the fact that a large amount of the world's oil reserves is located in the Middle East means we must continue to search for an alternate fuel source for our agricultural machinery. It is well-known that there is a limited amount of fossil fuels and even with no world political problems the demand will exceed supply in the not-too-distant future. The United States currently imports fossil fuels because we use more than we produce. Vegetable oils are a renewable resource. They offer a means of keeping our agricultural equipment operating in an oil …

Production Of Aflatoxin On Damaged Corn Under Controlled Environmental Conditions, D. M. Wieman, G. M. White, Joseph L. Taraba, I. J. Ross, Clair L. Hicks, Bruce E. Langlois

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Aflatoxin B₁ production by Aspergillus flavus (NRRL 6432) was determined on physically damaged corn stored at 35,25 and 20°C and at relative humidities of 97 and 92%. Production at lower relative humidities of 80 and 85% were also tested at 25°C. Production lag times were significantly different for all test conditions. Lag times ranged from 46 h at 97% relative humidity and 35°C to 173. 8 h at 20°C and 92% relative humidity. Aflatoxin B, concentration doubled every 6 to 10 hours after a level of 10 ppb had been reached. Production rate constants were not significantly different between …

Comparison Of Four Infiltration Models In Characterizing Infiltration Through Surface Mine Profiles, Larry G. Wells, A. D. Ward, I. D. Moore, R. E. Phillips

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

A laboratory infiltrometer system was used to evaluate the infiltration process through reconstructed surface mine profiles. Six different profiles were subjected to constant simulated rainfall intensities for selected test conditions. Surface runoff rates were monitored and transient soil moisture contents in the profiles were measured with a gamma density gauge. Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity relationships were determined using Campbelfs method and the "zero-flux" procedure. The infiltration process was modeled by the SCS curve number method, a form of Holtan's equation, the Green-Ampt model and Richards' equation. SCS curve numbers were determined by fitting the method to the observed results. Richards' equation …

The Vertical Distribution Of Salts In A Soil Profile During The Drainage Process, Adel Taha Yassin

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to develop a model to predict water extraction patterns and therefore salt distribution patterns in a one dimensional homogeneous soil profile for a specified root distribution.

Water extraction was simulated as a function of the total potential and the root density at any level of the profile.

Salt redistribution caused by irrigation was simulated by assuming a partial and proportional displacement of the water in each soil layer.

A computer program was written for the model in Fortran language and implemented on the Vax. To evaluate the performance of the model, test studies were …

Traction Characteristics Of Prepared Traffic Lanes, Eddie C. Burt, James H. Taylor, Larry G. Wells

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Traction characteristics of lugged and smooth tires were compared on prepared traffic lanes and on conventional seedbed conditions. Results indicated that elevated traffic lanes offer important traction advantages over seedbeds in wet soil conditions. In dry soil conditions, traction on elevated traffic lanes was sometimes less than on the seedbed conditions. A timeliness advantage in mobility for the elevated traffic lanes was found to be up to 2 days in extremely wet conditions. A non-elevated traffic lane showed no traction advantage in wet conditions.

Transplanter Mounting Attachment For A Harvester, Larry D. Swetnam, James H. Casada, Linus R. Walton

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Patents

A transplanter mounting attachment for attachment to a crop harvester including a pivot shaft operatively connected for rotation about an axis extending longitudinally with respect to a support frame of a crop harvester. A rotating sleeve substantially orthogonally disposed with respect to the pivot shaft and rotatably mounted relative thereto. A connecting shaft substantially orthogonally disposed with respect to the pivot shaft and rotatably mounted relative thereto. At least one transplanter attaching assembly operatively connected to the rotating sleeve and being raised or lowered upon rotary motion being imparted to the rotating sleeve. Wheels are provided which are operatively connected …

Convection In The Oceanic Crust' Simulationo F Observationsf Rom Deep Sea Drilling Project Hole 504b, Costa Rica Rift, Colin F. Williams, T. N. Narasimhan, Roger N. Anderson, Mark D. Zoback, Keir Becker

United States Department of Energy: Publications

Three-dimensional modeling of convection in the oceanic crust at Deep Sea Drilling Project site 504B using an integral finite difference model reasonably duplicates underpressures, surface heat flow, downhole temperature profiles, and fluid drawdown rates observed by in situ measurements in the borehole. The major constraint to produce such good fits is the permeability versus depth function,a quantity which was actually measured in the borehole. Pronounced "underpressuring" (fluid pressures less than hydrostatic) occurs throughout the convection cell if and only if a tight, nearly impermeable cap rock (chert) exists over the cell. The computed flow rates of water from the ocean …

Home Water Testing, Joseph L. Taraba, Tom Ilvento, Linda Heaton, Bob Herbst, Grant Thomas, Dwight Crum

Agricultural Engineering Extension Updates

Routine testing for a few of the most common contaminants is highly recommended. Even if you currently have a safe, pure water supply, regular testing can be valuable because it establishes a record of water quality. This record can be helpful in solving any future problems and in obtaining compensation if someone damages your water supply. Testing needs to be performed by certified testing laboratory using USEPA methods of collection, storage and testing. Unbiased testing needs to be established and has more validity in court proceedings to establish responsibility.

Home Treatment Devices Listing Organizations, Joseph L. Taraba

Agricultural Engineering Extension Updates

Today there is a need for consumer information to assess the multitude of drinking water treatment devices for home use as well as related private drinking water services. There are several organizations that have conducted or conduct on a continuing basis testing of water treatment devices and water treatment services.

Certified Water Well Drillers, College Of Agriculture, University Of Kentucky

Agricultural Engineering Extension Updates

Kentucky statute and regulations now require water well drillers to be certified. Farmstead wells and stock wells are exempt except when a farmstead well is used for irrigation or domestic water supply. Since animal consumption wells are covered there is some confusion regarding stock wells. The Kentucky Division of Water strongly recommends that all wells, regardless of use, be drilled and constructed by a certified driller.

Quinoline Sorption To Subsurface Materials: Role Of Ph And Retention Of The Organic Cation, John M. Zachara, Calvin Alnsworth, Larry Felice, Charles Resch

United States Department of Energy: Publications

The sorption of quinoline (pK_a = 4.94) was investigated on low-organic-carbon subsurface materials that varied in pH. Sorption isotherms were measured from 10^-7 to 10^-4 M quinoline and were found to be nonlinear. The resulting Freundlich constants (K_F), based on total aqueous quinoline concentration, were poorly correlated with subsoil properties, including organic carbon. Higher sorption in the acidic subsoils and favorable coefficents for regression of K_F, normalized to cation-exchange capacity vs. the ionization fraction (Q), point to the importance of ion exchange of the protonated compound. When the subsoil pH …

Review And Evaluation Of Current Design And Management Practices For Land Treatment Units Receiving Petroleum Wastes, J. P. Martin, Ronald C. Sims, J. Matthews

Biological Engineering Faculty Publications

Land treatment is categorized in the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 (RCRA) as one of the land disposal options for managing hazardous wastes. Land treatment relies on detoxification, degradation, and immobilization of hazardous waste constituents within the defined treatment zone to ensure protection of surface water, groundwater, and air. Under the authority of Subtitle C of RCRA, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has promulgated regulations governing the treatment of hazardous wastes in land treatment units (40 CRF, Part 264, Subpart M, July, 1982).

This paper describes the land treatment practices used by petroleum waste land treatment facilities in …

Evaluation Of Two Models For Light Transmission In Biological Materials, R. A. Cavaletto, S. Upadhyaya, M. O'Brien, T. Cahill

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

Two light transmission models for biological materials are developed and evaluated. The energy balance model showed promise. It's developed as a 3 coefficient model permitting varied sample absorption and scattering properties. The second model performed unsatisfactorily.

Characterizing Soil Deformation By Direct Measurement Within The Profile, Randall K. Wood, Larry G. Wells

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

A unique feature of the University of Kentucky soil bin enables deformation to be characterized by studying a cross-sectional soil profile grid pattern. Modular sections of the bin are laterally removed to expose the cross-section after passes of a pneumatic tire.

The measured displacements of the grid points were converted to values of volumetric strain and then compared to soil density as measured by a dual probe gamma-ray density gauge following tests at various soil conditions. Final soil bulk density determinations using the two methods were not statistically different..

Cultivating Attachment For Crop Harvester Support Vehicle, Larry D. Swetnam, James H. Casada, Linus R. Walton

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Patents

A cultivator for attachment to a crop harvester including at least one tool frame member with soil tilling tools adjustably mounted relative thereto. A shaft is provided rotatably mounted relative to a support frame of the crop harvester. An actuating member is operatively connected to the shaft and the support frame for selectively imparting rotation to the shaft. A link is operatively, pivotally connected between the tool frame member and the support frame for guiding the frame member and the soil tilling tools between a raised position out of engagement with a ground surface and a lowered position into engagement …

Biomass Gasifier Combustor, Frederick A. Payne

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Patents

The present invention is directed to a biomass gasifier combustor which operates by gasification and combustion of the biomass to produce a clean effluent gas which can be used directly for grain drying or other applications where thermal energy is required. The biomass gasifier combustor burns crop residue clean enough so that the combustion gases can be used directly for grain drying without the need for a heat exchanger to isolate the combustion gases from the drying air. The biomass gasifier combustor includes a screw feeder tube having a screw feeder disposed therein. The screw feeder forces the biomass into …

Storage Of Burley Tobacco In Bales And Bundles, Linus R. Walton, M. E. Casada, Joseph L. Taraba, James H. Casada, W. H. Henson Jr., Larry D. Swetnam

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Bales and bundles of burley tobacco were stored for seven months from spring to fall. Leaves darkened during storage at all moisture levels and stalk positions with the exception of the bottom stalk position, which darkened only slightly. There was no difference in color change and dry weight loss between burley tobacco in bales and bundles. Normal and high moisture bales and bundles were often graded as unsound because of a deviant odor caused by bacterial activity. A bale weight loss of about 8% occurred at normal moisture with the loss being divided evenly between moisture and dry weight losse.

Method And Apparatus For Harvesting Tobacco, George A. Duncan

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Patents

A support beam is formed of two wooden members held in spaced relation to each other by spaced blocks to provide openings to receive tobacco sticks with tobacco stalks thereon. Each end of the support beam has a longitudinal slot extending therethrough to enable a cable, which is attached to a rafter in the upper end of the barn, to extend therethrough. The lower end of each cable has a loop for attachment to a drum of a hoist mechanism, which has a portion bearing against the bottom surface of the support beam. The support beam has a depending projection …

Salinity Control In Northern China, G A. Robertson

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

China has vast areas of saline land, perhaps as much as six million hectares. Some of this saline land is a result of marine influence in coastal areas and some is the resultof soil formation in areas with saline geological deposits and inadequate rainfall to leach out the salts at that time.

However, most saline soils in China are as a result of secondary salinisation processess induced by a hydrological imbalance resulting from over-clearing of the land or irrigation. This imbalance has produced rising watertables bringing the salt closer to the soil surface.

In this article, G..A. Robertson, Commissioner …

Evaluation Of Micro Irrigation Systems, Charles M. Burt, Robert E. Walker, Stuart W. Styles

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

No abstract provided.

Dam Site Selection In The North-Eastern Wheatbelt, J L. Frith

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Western Australia's wheatbelt farm dams are dug three to eight metres deep and are generally sited in soils which either are inherently impermeable or can be made so during construction.

In the eastern and north-eastern wheatbelt, however, only a small proportion of the soils meets these criteria. Dam site selection in these areas therefore depends on a good knowledge ofwhich soils aresuitable and on our being able to locate them efficiently by using surface indications such as surface soil, natural vegetation or topographic features.

Drought Proofing The Farm : Case Studies, J L. Frith

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

For many years, Western Australia's north-eastern wheatbelthas suffered chronic shortages of water for stock and domestic use. The area's averageannual rainfall is generally low - less than 300 millimetres - and droughts in the 1970s caused futher problems. manydams in the area leak or have inadequate catchmentsand groundwater is scarce ormofmpoor quality.

In March 982, the Western Australian Government provided $100 000 for the Department of agriculture to demonstrate the potential of establishing permanent, drought-proof water supplies on farms in the north-eastern wheatbelt. The methods were to use exixting techniques to build dams and catchments. In a year of low …