Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering Commons^™

Future Meteorological Droughts In The Southeastern Us, Kunal Bhardwaj, C. Prakash Khedun, Abdul A. Khan

Journal of South Carolina Water Resources

The Southeastern U.S., despite its humid climate, experiences recurrent meteorological droughts which impact agricultural, water resources, ecological systems, and the economy and society. Knowledge of future drought conditions can guide adaptation efforts. Here, we evaluate historical and projected droughts using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) computed from an ensemble of eight bias-corrected Global Climate Models (GCMs) from the Climate Model Intercomparison Phase-6 (CMIP6). The historical performance (1950–2014) of the GCM’s mean was benchmarked against gridded observations from the Climate Research Unit (CRU). Future changes were assessed under 1.5°C, 2.0°C, and 3.0°C global warming levels.We …

Towards 2035: Future Forms And Strategic Path Of Chinese Agriculture, Liu Tao, Zeyu Yang, Zhaohui Dong

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Agricultural modernization is an integral component of the national modernization. Toward 2035, China’s agricultural system confronts multiple challenges, including increasing resource and environmental pressures, rapid upgrading of residents’ consumption structure, and in-depth adjustments in the international supply chain pattern. Meanwhile, it also embraces a series of opportunities brought by transformations in agricultural production technologies and models driven by artificial intelligence, biotechnology, and engineering technology. Based on the perspective of national medium and long-term development strategy, this study sorts out the internal constraints, external opportunities, and development drivers faced by China’s agriculture. It explores six major strategic trends—ecological, intelligent, customized, facility-based, …

Enhanced Cuckoo Search-Based Optimization For Single Distributed Generation Placement And Sizing In Radial Distribution Systems, Samson Oladayo Ayanlade, Abdulrasaq Jimoh, Richard Oladayo Olarewaju, Ignatius Kema Okakwu, Israel O. Adejumobi, Joseph B. Samson, Oluwadare A. Adebisi, Oluwadare O. Akinrogunde

Al-Bahir

This paper presents an Enhanced Cuckoo Search Algorithm (ECSA) to optimally place and size Distributed Generation (DG) in radial distribution systems to minimize real power loss within operating constraints. The proposed ECSA has exponentially decaying adaptive Lévy flights, constraint-aware solution repair with dynamic penalty coefficients, and diversity-directed stochastic replacement to enhance search robustness and convergence speed. It was tested with 30 independent runs on the IEEE 33-bus, IEEE 69-bus, and a practical Nigerian 32-bus distribution network. The simulations show that the ECSA lowers the active power loss of the IEEE 33-bus system from 201.58 kW to 102.75 kW (49.03%), and …

Spatially Mapped Statewide Estimated Potential Evapotranspiration Using An Efficient Surface Interpolation Method: A Case Study Of South Carolina, Sudhanshu S. Panda, Devendra M. Amatya, Ka Kit Liu, Augustine Muwamba, Timothy J. Callahan

Journal of South Carolina Water Resources

Potential evapotranspiration (PET) exhibits substantial spatial and temporal variability across large landscapes, necessitating site-specific estimation for accurate environmental and water resource assessments. However, obtaining PET or ET data for specific locations across an entire state remains challenging due to the limited number of weather stations and associated environmental datasets. This study aimed to develop an automated geospatial modeling framework to map PET distribution across South Carolina, USA, using PET estimated by the temperature-based Hargreaves–Samani (H–S) method with daily weather data from 59 NOAA stations. Because the accuracy of spatial interpolation depends on both the target variable and the desired spatial …

Traditional Energy And Renewable Energy And Their Implications On Sustainable Development (Examples From Lebanon And The World), Radwan Ejel

Al Jinan الجنان

This study aims to introduce the types of fossil and renewable energies by presenting the various associated concepts. It shows their characteristics, in addition to the concept of sustainable development, to show the extent of traditional energy's repercussions on sustainable development and the role of renewable energies in promoting its concept through its three economic, social, and environmental dimensions. It also presents some statistical models on renewable energy, especially solar energy in Lebanon, the Arab world, and the world.

Previously, man used to invest in traditional fossil energy, such as oil, gas, and coal, to meet his economic and technological …

Fabrication Of A Pineapple Peeling Machine And Performance Evaluation As Influenced By Pineapple Dimensions, Dare E. Ibiyeye, Olusegun J. Adedipe, Oluwole S. Ariwoola, Taiye R. Afolabi, Funmilayo B. Okanlawon, Paul O. Ogunbamowo, Afolake E. Roberts

Journal of Bioresource Management

A pineapple peeling machine was completed, and the functionality was. The Central composite rotate strategy CCRD involving three variables at five (5) stages was employed for the investigations plus the investigational variables been weight, diameter and height of pineapple, while weights of peeled pineapple and peel, machine peeling time and efficiency were the dependent variables. Data was analysed using quadratic interaction regressions model at P ≤ 0.05 levels of significance, then the working variables were correlated to the pineapple machine peeling efficiency. The investigational outcomes were applied to confirm the predicted optimal settings. Maximal pineapple peeling efficacy of 91.89 % …

Designing And Implementing A Classification Model For Mangoes Based On Size And Ripeness Using Image Processing, An Van Vo, Hau Van Mai, Hung Duy Ha, Tam Thanh Bui

Makara Journal of Technology

Image processing is an advanced technology that significantly supports production, identification, and quality control for fruits. This paper uses image processing techniques to develop a mango classification system based on size and ripeness. The system integrates hardware, including an Arduino microcontroller, camera, sensors, actuators, and a user-friendly computer interface for monitoring and control. The classification algorithm extracts key features of the mangoes, such as their color and shape, to categorize them into predefined quality classes. Experimental results demonstrate that the system achieves an accuracy exceeding 90% for both ripeness and size classification, with a productivity level of 300 kg/hour, surpassing …

Forecasting And Assessment Of Air Quality Dynamics In Northeast India Using Machine Learning Models, Kumar Shubham, Gopikrishnan T, Anshuman Singh

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

This study investigated air quality dynamics in Northeast India, a region with unique terrestrial features, including the Eastern Himalayas. While air quality varies across districts, pollution impacts the entire area. Northeast India’s rich ecology is crucial for Himalayan climate regulation. Robust air quality monitoring and pollution control are essential to preserve environmental balance. This work focused on forecasting emissions of aerosols, SO₂, NO₂, CO, HCHO, O₃, and CH₄ primarily associated with human activities. Utilizing data from the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) satellite instrument from 2019 to 2023, a 9-mo forecast was conducted using …

Evaluating Lidar Technology In Iphone Mobiles For 2d Mapping Applications, Nasr Mohammady Saba, Salem Salama Saleh

Journal of Engineering Research

Abstract- LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) technology has revolutionized mapping applications, offering enhanced precision and accuracy in spatial data collection. The integration of LiDAR technology in the latest iPhone models, beginning with the iPhone 12 Pro, has introduced new capabilities for 2D data measurement and plan creation directly on the mobile device. The iPhone 12 Pro and 12 Pro Max models support LiDAR techniques within their mobile phone cameras, enhancing the performance of various applications such as Measurements and Photos. LiDAR operates by emitting pulsed light waves into the surrounding space, which bounce off nearby objects and return to the …

Private Property Vs. Public Access: Socio-Engineering Framework For Managing Non-Meandering Waters In South Dakota’S Prairie Pothole Region, Lydia Loken, Sushant Mehan

The Journal of Undergraduate Research

This study addresses the growing importance of balancing private ownership and public interest of Non-Meandering Waters (NMWs) overlaying private property in the South Dakota Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) through both a legal and socio-engineering lens. This study aims to develop an integrated management framework for Non-Meandering Waters in the South Dakota Prairie Pothole Region that combines water allocation principles, the Public Trust Doctrine, and water quality objectives to guide policy decisions, ensuring equitable access, long-term sustainability, and a balanced approach to both public and private interests. Data collection from October 2024 through February 2025 and included a literature review of …

Green Design Of Plant Based Pharmaceutical Drugs: Example Of A Wound Healing Topical Cream With Plectranthus Bojeri (Benth) Hedge Lamiaceae Extract, Helga Rim Farasoa, Marie Louise Razafindravao, Rojo Fanambinantsoa Andriamiarantsoa, Gerard Cecilien Raboanary, Jean Marie Razafindrakoto, Voahangy Ramanandraibe Vestalys

Journal of Bioresource Management

To ensure the perennity of natural resources, the valorisation process of herbal pharmaceuticals must be assessed for sustainability from the very beginning of its design. No specific tools have been developed for this particular field so far. We demonstrate in this study that existing green design tools can be adapted to evaluate plant-based products manufacturing process. As the example of a topical cream using Plectranthus bojeri (Benth) Hedge LAMIACEAE extract was considered, we first confirmed the traditional use of this plant for wound healing. It acts by accelerating the re-epithelialisation phase. Using the Vermeer Cosmolife version 0.24 software tool the …

Cropsync: Ai-Powered Sustainable Crop Management, Ziad Doughan, Ibrahim Mneimneh, Zouheir Nakouzi, Noor Al Khaib, Samer Damaj, Jamal Chaaban, Hamza Mrad, Sari Itani

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

CropSync is a smart agriculture system that uses AI and IoT technologies to enable sustain- able crop management and precision farming. The system aims to address the challenges faced by the agriculture sector, such as increasing food production to meet global population demands while minimizing environmental impact. CropSync integrates sensors, cameras, and cloud-based analytics to provide farmers with real-time insights and recommendations for optimizing crop cul- tivation. The system upholds engineering professional and ethical standards, considering broader social, environmental, and economic implications. From a social perspective, CropSync improves food security and enhances farmers’ livelihoods through increased productivity and efficient re- …

On Resource Testing Of Straight-Bevel Gears In Drive Mechanisms Of Cotton Machines, Shoraxmat Asqarovich Shaabidov, Umid Mamazokir Ugli Mamasobirov, Azizbek G‘Ulom O‘G‘Li Xusanbayev

Technical science and innovation

This article is dedicated to endurance testing of straight-tooth bevel gear reducers used in various machines, including cotton farming machinery. The choice of the test object is due to the fact that many machines require bevel gear transmissions for spatial arrangement of components. These gears enable the transmission of rotational motion between intersecting shaft axes within compact external dimensions. Additionally, bevel gear transmissions are the most common type of gear mechanisms after cylindrical ones.

For several objective reasons, straight-tooth bevel gears have gained wide use. Unlike cylindrical gears, they are more sensitive to manufacturing and assembly errors as well as …

Kinetics Model Of Cananga (Cananga Odorata) Fresh Flower Extraction Using Microwave Hydrodistillation Method, Darnengsih Darnengsih, Hikmatun Ni’Mah, Mahfud Mahfud, Ayu Chandra Kartika Fitri

Makara Journal of Science

Recent studies have focused on improving essential oil extraction methods by incorporating advanced technologies, such as microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MHD). Despite these advancements, further research is necessary to fully understand how different kinetic models influence extraction efficiency. This study evaluates several kinetic models for extracting essential oil from fresh Cananga flowers using MHD, examining how varying microwave power affects extraction rates and correlates with kinetic model parameters. The extraction process involved introducing 200 grams of fresh Cananga flowers in 400 mL of distilled water and subjecting the mixture to microwave power levels of 200 W, 400 W, and 600 W. The …

Jovial Family Farm Facilitates Intergenerational Learning Opportunities Through Urban Farming, Maera Williams

Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement

Maera Williams is a sophomore in Environmental and Ecological Engineering at Purdue University. She joined the Engineering Projects in Community Service (EPICS) Urban Farming team as a freshman and now serves as project manager of ten undergraduate students collaborating with Jovial Family Farm to design and develop three indoor hydroponics systems for a laboratory space on their property in Broad Ripple, IN. Jovial Family Farm is a nonprofit organization founded by Drs. Bobbie and Brian Jellison with the mission to provide senior citizens, their families, and their communities with meaningful engagement opportunities on an intergenerational scale through urban agricultural activities. …

A Step By Step Shoreline Attribute Analysis For Selected Waterbodies In The Gulf Of Mexico To Promote The Use Of Living Shorelines, Christoper Boyd, Xutong Niu, Taylor R. Horn

Journal of Extension

Living Shorelines are being promoted by coastal extension professionals as a more resilient nature-based solution to control shoreline erosion. The Virginia Institute of Marine Sciences Living Shorelines Suitability Model was run in selected waterbodies within the Gulf of Mexico.

The locations of the selected water bodies, coastal data sets used, and shoreline protection recommendations generated by the Model are presented. A step-by-step statistical analysis conducted through ArcGIS Pro from these selected coastal shorelines will illustrate how extension professionals with novice GIS experience can use the model output to promote living shorelines to coastal property owners, city managers, and developers.

Strategic Study On Leading Construction Of Modern Agricultural System By Technology Innovation, Yan Yan, Xurong Mei, Xiudong Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Technology innovation is the fundamental solution to build a modern agricultural system, and it is also an important support for building the large base, large enterprise, and large industry of modern agriculture and achieving the modernization of material equipment, technology, management, agricultural informatization, and sustainable resource utilization of agriculture. This paper explains the scientific concepts and logical relationships of the agricultural production system, industrial system and management system, which are the main components of a modern agricultural system. It emphasizes that ensuring food security, promoting industrial integration and upgrading, and cultivating leading enterprises are current key tasks. Nevertheless, from the …

Technology For Obtaining Biologically Active Substanses From Buds And Immature Fruits Of The Capparis Spinosa Plant, Ruzali A. Botirov, Gavkhar E. Saidova, Dilnoza K. Mutalova, Alimdjan Z. Sadikov, Shamansur Sh. Sagdullaev

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The purpose of the study is to create a technology for the rational production of the substance POP from the extract of buds and unripe fruits of the plant Capparis spinosa L. A low-toxic (LD50 7600 - 10800 mg/kg) substance extracted from the buds and unripe fruits of Capparis spinosa, mainly containing water-soluble polysaccharides, proteins and flavonoids (PBP) has been found to have analgesic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. It has a similar effect to Levadopa, which is recommended for the prevention of Parkinson's disease. The article presents the results of studies conducted on the technology for obtaining the substance PBP, …

The Study Of The Extraction Process Of Astragalus Turkestanus, Abdulaziz A. Janibekov, G'Ayrat B. Sotimov, Kamila R. Allambergenova, Iroda F. Qulsoatova, Fazliddin S. Jalilov

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The purpose of this study is to obtain an extract of Astragalus turkestanus with a high content of biologically active substances and the lowest content of associated substances. The factors influencing the process of extracting biologically active substances from the aerial parts of Astragalus turkestanus have been studied. It was established that the selective extractant is 70% ethyl alcohol, the optimal degree of grinding of the raw material is no more than 3-5 mm, the process temperature is 20-25 ºС, it was extracted five times, while the time required for the first phase contact was 5 hours, the second - …

Design And Development Of A Pineapple Peeling Machine, Dare E. Ibiyeye, Oluwatoyin O. Olunloyo, Oluwatosin A. Adesida, Taiye R. Afolabi, Abisayo O. Akala, Funmilayo B. Okanlawon

Journal of Bioresource Management

The objective of this research aimed to design, modify and develop a manually operated cost effective pineapple peeling and coring machine with a reduced time of operation, easy to operate and maintain. The material of construction is stainless steel. The designed pineapple peeling and coring machine has two cylindrical cutting blades which simultaneously removes pineapple skin and core. Other components included; spring coring plate, core remover, and spring loaded handle. The peeling operation includes; cutting of crown and bottom of pineapple with a knife, placing pineapple on coring plate and applying pressure to spring loaded handle downward over the pineapple …

Modernization Of Water Flow Measurement In Open Irrigation Systems Using The Slope-Area Method, R.M. Aliev, Djalilov Anvar

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

This article describes two methods for determining water flow in open irrigation systems: “speed - area” and “slope - area”. The authors considered the problem of its modernization using the existing method for determining water flow “slope - area” in open irrigation systems. The essence of the issue is the remote transfer of parameters necessary for calculating water flow in open irrigation systems and improving the means of their processing. In scientific studies conducted by the authors, the required hydraulic parameters were studied using the “slope - area” and “speed - area” water flow methods. Based on experimentally obtained data, …

Information Model Based On Parameters Of A Combined Soil Preparation Until For Planting, Azmuddin Sadriddinov, Anvar Abdazimov, Faxraddin Mavlanov, Hursand Madrakhim Ugli Rakhimov

Technical science and innovation

The article describes in detail the development of a combined pre-sowing machine as a result of the literature analysis of the scientific research conducted on pre-sowing tillage machines and its use and working process. In addition, the article provides scientifically based information about the factors affecting the leveler-softener and previous work on their improvement. The current state of tillage before planting in Uzbekistan and the size of the tilled fields are studied and tabulated. In order to optimize the parameters of the developed machine and minimize costs, as well as to increase its efficiency, it is devoted to the creation …

Optimization Of Factors Affecting The Performance Of A Fluidized Bed Dryer, Soner Celen, Sultan Pektas

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

This study investigated the theoretical, analytical, and experimental effects of parameters such as bed height, air velocity, and air temperature on drying using a fluidized bed dryer. The objective was to examine how these parameters influence the drying process of salt products in a pilot fluidized bed dryer and establish the foundation for the development of a future full-scale machine. Salt products with an initial moisture content of 3% were used in all experimental trials. The pressure drop was determined by calculating the minimum fluidization rate, Archimedes and Reynolds number. The calculated values were compared with the analyses conducted using …

Design, Fabrication, And Determination Of The Optimum Working Conditions Of A Peanut (Arachis Hypogaea L.) Pneumatic Bagging System, Selcuk Ugurluay, Ali Somay

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

The peanut bagging process is not mechanized, it requires a large amount of human labor. In addition, the shovel or canister used in bagging breaks the peanut shell that causes losses. The purpose of this study is to reduce the required workforce by mechanizing the peanut bagging process, and to determine the optimum working criteria (hose diameter and air velocity) of the prototype machine. A peanut pneumatic bagging machine powered by a tractor power takeoff (PTO) was designed and fabricated to convey peanut pods from the ground and fill the product into the bags. To determine the optimum working conditions …

Techno-Economic Feasibility Of Polyhydroxybutyrate (Phb) Production From Corn Stover, Jey-R Ventura, Ruby Lynn Ventura

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

This research evaluated the techno-economic feasibility of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production using corn stover as a substrate for the fermentation process. The target PHB plant production was set at 1000 t PHB per yr, with a daily production of about 3 t PHB. The required corn stover biomass was around 12 000 t per yr. The economic analysis of this study suggested that 91.13 M US$ is needed to put up the targeted plant production capacity, with 94% of the total investment to be allotted to the direct fixed capital cost. Annual operating cost was rated at 4.71 M US$ per …

Reducing Food Scarcity: The Benefits Of Urban Farming, S.A. Claudell, Emilio Mejia

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

Urban farming can enhance the lives of communities and help reduce food scarcity. This paper presents a conceptual prototype of an efficient urban farming community that can be scaled for a single apartment building or an entire community across all global geoeconomics regions, including densely populated cities and rural, developing towns and communities. When deployed in coordination with smart crop choices, local farm support, and efficient transportation then the result isn’t just sustainability, but also increasing fresh produce accessibility, optimizing nutritional value, eliminating the use of ‘forever chemicals’, reducing transportation costs, and fostering global environmental benefits.

Imagine Doris, who is …

The Effects Of Silica Sand Particle Size On Drying Using A Vertical Fluid Bed Dryer, Aysun ŞengüL, Soner Celen, Ayşen Haksever

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

The experimental and theoretical relationships of silica sand particle size and drying was compared to predict the minimum fluidization rate in drying at 9.57% moisture. The drying temperature (90°C, 120°C, and 150°C) and particle size (274 ± 0.5 μm, 563 ± 0.5 μm, and 910 ± 0.5 μm) parameters were studied as factors influencing the drying process in the experiment. Upon comparing all the test results, it was found that moisture loss accelerated as drying temperature of the silica sand samples increased. On the other hand, the minimum fluidization rate was found to have varied directly with particle size, in …

Modeling The Moisture Content And Drying Rate Of Zucchini (Cucurbita Pepo L.) In A Solar Hybrid Dryer Using Ann And Anfis Methods, Halil Nusret Bulus, Aytac Moralar, Soner Celen

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Estimating product drying kinetics is critical to obtain the best drying process without compromising product quality and necessitates the development of numerical drying models. This research aims to compare the prediction models developed using artificial neural network (ANN) and adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), two popular machine learning approaches in the recent years. Zucchini slices were chosen as samples and dried in a solar-assisted microwave belt dryer at 0.245 m/min belt speed and microwave powers of 0.7, 1, and 1.4 kW. On the data set obtained by computing the moisture content and drying rate values, prediction models were developed …

Sample Article, Sample Author

Teknotan: Jurnal Industri Teknologi Pertanian

Abstract here.

Sample Article, Sample Author

Teknotan: Jurnal Industri Teknologi Pertanian

Abstract here.