Digital Commons Network^™

Correlation Between Alzheimer’S Disease And Type 2 Diabetes Using Non-Negative Matrix Factorization, Yeonwoo Chung, Hyunju Lee, Michael W. Weiner, Paul Aisen, Ronald Petersen, Cliford R. Jack, William Jagust, John Q. Trojanowki, Arthur W. Toga, Laurel Beckett, Robert C. Green, Andrew J. Saykin, John Morris, Leslie M. Shaw, Zaven Khachaturian, Greg Sorensen, Maria Carrillo, Lew Kuller, Marc Raichle, Steven Paul, Peter Davies, Howard Fillit, Franz Hefti, Davie Holtzman, M. Marcel Mesulam, William Potter, Peter Snyder, Tom Montine, Ronald G. Thomas, Michael Donohue, Sarah Walter, Tamie Sather, Gus Jiminez, Archana B. Balasubramanian

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex and heterogeneous disease that can be affected by various genetic factors. Although the cause of AD is not yet known and there is no treatment to cure this disease, its progression can be delayed. AD has recently been recognized as a brain-specific type of diabetes called type 3 diabetes. Several studies have shown that people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have a higher risk of developing AD. Therefore, it is important to identify subgroups of patients with AD that may be more likely to be associated with T2D. We here describe a new approach …

Accelerated Functional Brain Aging In Pre-Clinical Familial Alzheimer’S Disease, Julie Gonneaud, Alex T. Baria, Alexa Pichet Binette, Brian A. Gordon, Jasmeer P. Chhatwal, Carlos Cruchaga, Mathias Jucker, Johannes Levin, Stephen Salloway, Martin Farlow, Martin Farlow, Serge Gauthier, Tammie L.S. Benzinger, John C. Morris, Randall J. Bateman, John C.S. Breitner, Judes Poirier, Etienne Vachon-Presseau, Sylvia Villeneuve, Michael Weiner, Howard J. Rosen, Bruce L. Miller, Paul Aisen, Ronald G. Thomas, Michael Donohue, Sarah Walter, Devon Gessert, Tamie Sather, Gus Jiminez, Ronald Petersen, Clifford R. Jack, Matthew Bernstein, Bret Borowski, Jeff Gunter

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Resting state functional connectivity (rs-fMRI) is impaired early in persons who subsequently develop Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia. This impairment may be leveraged to aid investigation of the pre-clinical phase of AD. We developed a model that predicts brain age from resting state (rs)-fMRI data, and assessed whether genetic determinants of AD, as well as beta-amyloid (Aβ) pathology, can accelerate brain aging. Using data from 1340 cognitively unimpaired participants between 18–94 years of age from multiple sites, we showed that topological properties of graphs constructed from rs-fMRI can predict chronological age across the lifespan. Application of our predictive model to the …

A Deep Learning Framework Identifies Dimensional Representations Of Alzheimer’S Disease From Brain Structure, Zhijian Yang, Ilya M. Nasrallah, Haochang Shou, Junhao Wen, Jimit Doshi, Mohamad Habes, Guray Erus, Ahmed Abdulkadir, Susan M. Resnick, Marilyn S. Albert, Paul Maruff, Jurgen Fripp, John C. Morris, David A. Wolk, Christos Davatzikos, Yong Fan, Vishnu Bashyam, Elizabeth Mamouiran, Randa Melhem, Raymond Pomponio, Dushyant Sahoo, Singh Ashish, Ioanna Skampardoni, Lasya Sreepada, Dhivya Srinivasan, Fanyang Yu, Sindhuja Govindarajan Tirumalai, Yuhan Cui, Zhen Zhou, Katharina Wittfeld, Hans J. Grabe, Duygun Tosun, Murat Bilgel, Yang An

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Heterogeneity of brain diseases is a challenge for precision diagnosis/prognosis. We describe and validate Smile-GAN (SeMI-supervised cLustEring-Generative Adversarial Network), a semi-supervised deep-clustering method, which examines neuroanatomical heterogeneity contrasted against normal brain structure, to identify disease subtypes through neuroimaging signatures. When applied to regional volumes derived from T1-weighted MRI (two studies; 2,832 participants; 8,146 scans) including cognitively normal individuals and those with cognitive impairment and dementia, Smile-GAN identified four patterns or axes of neurodegeneration. Applying this framework to longitudinal data revealed two distinct progression pathways. Measures of expression of these patterns predicted the pathway and rate of future neurodegeneration. Pattern expression …

Ale Beer Containing Free And Immobilized Lactobacillus Brevis, A Potential Delivery System For Probiotics, Kriza Faye Calumba, Vondel Reyes, Franklin Bonilla, Elio Villasmil, Subramaniam Sathivel

Faculty Publications

Abstract: Probiotics in ale beer may be attractive to health-conscious consumers. However, beer conditions may decrease probiotic viability. Powder produced from durian (Durio zibethinus) rind, a by-product that is currently unutilized, can be used for the immobilization of probiotics. MRS medium was incubated with Lactobacillus brevis and periodically sampled to obtain the growth curve. Ale beer with free L. brevis and cells immobilized in durian rind powder was produced and separately assessed during storage at 21 °C for 24 days. The physico-chemical parameters of both beers did not differ significantly. Durian rind powder conferred protection up to 12 days of …

Quantum Phase Transitions And Band Mixing In 135ba, A. J. Majarshin, Yan An Luo, Feng Pan, H. T. Fortune, Yu Zhang, J. P. Draayer

Faculty Publications

Quantum phase transitions and band-mixing phenomena are considered within the framework of a two-state boson-fermion model for the odd-mass 135Ba nucleus. The purpose of the study is to further explore the nature of the interplay between these modalities within the framework of an even-even boson core described by an IBM Hamiltonian coupled to a j = 3/2 fermion as a function of the strength of the coupling constant that links the boson and fermion pictures. The results show that excitation energies and the known E2 strengths of 135Ba are sensitive to the strength of the coupling constant, with a best …

Household Chaos, Family Routines, And Young Child Movement Behaviors In The U.S. During The Covid-19 Outbreak: A Cross-Sectional Study, Chelsea L. Kracht, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Amanda E. Staiano

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Background: The home environment is an important facilitator of young child movement behaviors, including physical activity (PA), sleep, and screen-time. Household chaos, characterized by crowding, noise, and disorder in the home, may hinder efforts to obtain adequate amounts of movement behaviors. The COVID-19 outbreak impacted many families, and social distancing during this time may create conditions for more household chaos. Family routines can help establish order in the home and encourage an appropriate balance of movement behaviors, such as less screen-time and more sleep. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between household chaos and young child …

Adolescents’ Sedentary Time, Affect, And Contextual Factors: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study, Chelsea L. Kracht, Robbie A. Beyl, Jaclyn P. Maher, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Amanda E. Staiano

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Background: Few adolescents achieve sufficient levels of physical activity, and many are spending most of their time in sedentary behavior. Affective response following sedentary time may influence motivation to remain sedentary. Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) is a real-time data capture methodology that can be used to identify factors influencing sedentary time, such as the context of the home setting, and resulting affective state within a free-living setting. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between context at home and adolescent sedentary time, and the relationship of sedentary time and subsequent affect. Methods: Adolescents (n = 284; 10–16 …

Global Effect Of Covid-19 Pandemic On Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour And Sleep Among 3- To 5-Year-Old Children: A Longitudinal Study Of 14 Countries, Anthony D. Okely, Katharina E. Kariippanon, Hongyan Guan, Ellie K. Taylor, Thomas Suesse, Penny L. Cross, Kar Hau Chong, Adang Suherman, Ali Turab, Amanda E. Staiano, Amy S. Ha, Asmaa El Hamdouchi, Aqsa Baig, Bee Koon Poh, Borja Del Pozo-Cruz, Cecilia H.S. Chan, Christine Delisle Nyström, Denise Koh, E. Kipling Webster, Himangi Lubree, Hong Kim Tang, Issad Baddou, Jesus Del Pozo-Cruz, Jyh Eiin Wong, Kuston Sultoni, Maria Nacher, Marie Löf, Mingming Cui, Mohammad Sorowar Hossain, P. W.Prasad Chathurangana, Uddhavi Kand, V. P.Pujitha Wickramasinghe, Rebecca Calleia, Shameema Ferdous

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Background: The restrictions associated with the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in changes to young children’s daily routines and habits. The impact on their participation in movement behaviours (physical activity, sedentary screen time and sleep) is unknown. This international longitudinal study compared young children’s movement behaviours before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Parents of children aged 3–5 years, from 14 countries (8 low- and middle-income countries, LMICs) completed surveys to assess changes in movement behaviours and how these changes were associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Surveys were completed in the 12 months up to March 2020 and again between …

E-&Mhealth Interventions Targeting Nutrition, Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, And/Or Obesity Among Children: A Scoping Review Of Systematic Reviews And Meta-Analyses, Chelsea L. Kracht, Melinda Hutchesson, Mavra Ahmed, Andre Matthias Müller, Lee M. Ashton, Hannah M. Brown, Ann Desmet, Carol A. Maher, Chelsea E. Mauch, Corneel Vandelanotte, Zenong Yin, Megan Whatnall, Camille E. Short, Amanda E. Staiano

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Childhood obesity is a public health concern. Electronic and mobile health (e-&mHealth) approaches can facilitate the delivery of interventions for obesity prevention and treatment. Synthesizing reviews of e-&mHealth interventions to improve weight and weight-related behaviors (physical activity, sedentary behavior, and diet) is useful to characterize the current scope of the literature and identify opportunities for future reviews and studies. Using a scoping review methodology, we aimed to evaluate the breadth and methodological quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of e-&mHealth interventions targeting weight and weight-related behaviors in children and adolescents aged < 19 years. A systematic search of seven databases was conducted, including reviews published between 2000 and 2019. Review characteristics were extracted, and methodological quality was assessed using the AMSTAR 2 tool. Forty-five systematic reviews and meta-analyses were included. All reviews evaluated intervention efficacy (100%), but few assessed other aspects (20% in total) such as cost-effectiveness. Smartphone applications (47%), text messages (44%), and websites (35%) were the main modalities. Weight (60%), physical activity (51%), and diet (44%) were frequently assessed, unlike sedentary behavior (8%). Most reviews were rated as having critically low or low methodological quality (97%). Reviews that identify the effective active ingredients of interventions and explore metrics beyond efficacy are recommended.

A Link Between Ph Homeostasis And Colistin Resistance In Bacteria, Pradip R. Panta, William T. Doerrler

Faculty Publications

Colistin resistance is complex and multifactorial. DbcA is an inner membrane protein belonging to the DedA superfamily required for maintaining extreme colistin resistance of Burkholderia thailandensis. The molecular mechanisms behind this remain unclear. Here, we report that ∆dbcA displays alkaline pH/bicarbonate sensitivity and propose a role of DbcA in extreme colistin resistance of B. thailandensis by maintaining cytoplasmic pH homeostasis. We found that alkaline pH or presence of sodium bicarbonate displays a synergistic effect with colistin against not only extremely colistin resistant species like B. thailandensis and Serratia marcescens, but also a majority of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria tested, suggesting …

Fourteen New, Endemic Species Of Shrew (Genus Crocidura) From Sulawesi Reveal A Spectacular Island Radiation, Jacob A. Esselstyn, Anang S. Achmadi, Heru Handika, Mark T. Swanson, Thomas C. Giarla, Kevin C. Rowe

Faculty Publications

After nearly a decade of field inventories in which we preserved voucher specimens of the small terrestrial mammals of Sulawesi, we combined qualitative and quantitative analyses of morphological traits with molecular phylogenetics to better understand the diversity of shrews (Soricidae: Crocidura) on the island. We examined the morphology of 1368 specimens and obtained extensive molecular data from many of them, including mitochondrial DNA sequences from 851 specimens, up to five nuclear exons from 657 specimens, and thousands of ultraconserved elements from 90 specimens. By iteratively testing species limits using distinct character datasets and appropriate taxon sampling, we found clear, mostly …

Effect Of Pyrolysis Temperature On Si Release Of Alkali-Enhanced Si-Rich Biochar And Plant Response, Meng Wang, Negar D. Tafti, Jim J. Wang, Xudong Wang

Faculty Publications

Recent studies have shown that silicon (Si) dissolution from biochar may be influenced by the pyrolysis temperature. In addition, the enhancement of biochar by treatment with alkali has been proposed to produce a Si source that can be used for environmentally friendly plant disease control. In this study, biochars from rice straw and rice husk pretreated with KOH, CaO and K2CO3 and then pyrolyzed at 350, 450 and 550 °C were prepared to evaluate the effects of pyrolysis temperature on Si release and plant uptake from alkali-enhanced Si-rich biochar. Extractable Si and dissolution Si from the prepared biochars were assessed …

Reaction-Diffusion Hydrogels From Urease Enzyme Particles For Patterned Coatings, Anthony Q. Mai, Tamás Bánsági, Annette F. Taylor, John A. Pojman

Faculty Publications

The reaction and diffusion of small molecules is used to initiate the formation of protective polymeric layers, or biofilms, that attach cells to surfaces. Here, inspired by biofilm formation, we present a general method for the growth of hydrogels from urease enzyme-particles by combining production of ammonia with a pH-regulated polymerization reaction in solution. We show through experiments and simulations how the propagating basic front and thiol-acrylate polymerization were continuously maintained by the localized urease reaction in the presence of urea, resulting in hydrogel layers around the enzyme particles at surfaces, interfaces or in motion. The hydrogels adhere the enzyme-particles …

A Comparative Study For Determining The Liquid Limit Of Soils By Using The B.S. Cone Penetrometer And Casagrande Methods., El-Metwally El-Sekelly

Mansoura Engineering Journal

The liquid limit is widely used for the classification of soils. This limit has been correlated with many engineering properties of soils such as shear strength, consolidation, swelling potential, and permeability. These correlations could be rationalized if the liquid limit is accurately determined. Casagrande method is commonly used and standardized worldwide for determining liquid limit of soils. The cone penetrometer is the British standard preferred method for determining this limit. The cone method has not been adopted yet by any of the American standards but it is recently adopted in the Egyptian code (1992). In this study, the liquid limit …

Introduction: From Solidão, To Isolation, To Solidão-Rity, Luciane Ramos Silva, Tanya Saunders, Sarah S. Ohmer

Publications and Research

Solidão is a concept from Black Brazilian Gender Studies that does not have a US Black feminist or queer of color equivalent, nor does it translate into a single word in the English language. It describes shared isolation as an affective relational phenomenon with meanings as multiple as there are Black women. Solidão is inherent to the experiences of Black women considering the historical, social, and racial vectors that traverse individual experiences.

But how do you frame intersectional theory with Afro-Atlantic and African knowledge production outside of the United States? This is an introduction to the 2021 special issue of …

Recovery Of A Grasshopper Sparrow Band From A Kestrel Nest Box, Lance Morrow, Jill Morrow

North American Bird Bander

No abstract provided.

Aku Research 2021, Office Of Research And Graduate Studies

Office of Research and Graduate Studies Archives

Content

- Foreword

- Research projects

- COVID-19 Research

- University updates

City Of Henderson V. Wolfgram, 137 Nev. Adv. Op. 71 (December 23, 2021), Servando Martinez

Nevada Supreme Court Summaries

No abstract provided.

Behaviour Of Fibrous Concrete Beams Under Impact Loading., Ahmed Abdel-Raheem, Ahmed Badr, Atef Samir

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Impact resistance of concrete is considered as one of the most important properties, needed in the design of concrete units subjected to dynamic loading. Therefore continuous studies and researches are still carried out to determine the best technical and economical design for structures under dynamic loading. This paper takes share in this field aiming to study the effect of different types of fibrous concrete on its impact resistance. Also, This studies was planned to find the most economical fibre and its optimum ratio in concrete mix to get the best results of impact resistance of concrete beams which may exposed …

Structure Of Nonwoven Fabrics Utilization Of Photometric Method In Studying The Structure Of Different Types Of Nonwovens., Adel El-Hadidy, Mahmoud El-Zalabany

Mansoura Engineering Journal

The structure of nonwoven fabrics could be assessed by making use of a photometric method . The anisotropy of tested fabrics has been studied in terms of optical density (D) ; percentage transmission (% T) ; and percentage absorption (%A) , we have constructed an experimental set-up that is versatile to test and assess several fabric parameters of practical importance , as uniformity and isotropicity . It was found that for tested fabrics the packing density coefficient (Ǿ) and percentage transmission (%T) are well correlated. The percentage transmission decreases with the increase of mass per unit area (G) , and …

Pharmacy Newsletter : December 2021, Pharmacy Department

Department of Pharmacy Archives

Content:

• Antibiotics - Handle with Care
• PinPoint Pupil, What’s your Guess?
• Booster Doses of COVID-19 Vaccines in adults
• Covid -19 Vaccine in Paediatric Population
• Top Reported Errors Associated to COVID-19 Vaccination Globally
• Drug Safety Communication: Alcohol based Hand Sanitizer - Getting in the Eyes Can Cause Serious Injury

Direct And Indirect Effects Of Alcohol Craving And Demand On Obsessive And Compulsive Drinking Characteristics: The Role Of Impulsivity, James V. Turner Iv

Theses and Dissertations

This study’s goal was to test a novel model of obsessive-compulsive thoughts about drinking. Young adults completed tasks measuring potential drinking characteristics. Findings indicated demand was related to higher OCTD, a significant effect of CIC on OCTD via demand, and that the relationship was particularly strong for impulsive individuals.

Evaluating Deep-Learning Models For Debris-Covered Glacier Mapping, Zhiyuan Xie, Vijayan K. Asari, Umesh K. Haritashya

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

In recent decades, mountain glaciers have experienced the impact of climate change in the form of accelerated glacier retreat and other glacier-related hazards such as mass wasting and glacier lake outburst floods. Since there are wide-ranging societal consequences of glacier retreat and hazards, monitoring these glaciers as accurately and repeatedly as possible is important. However, the accurate glacier boundary, especially the debriscovered glacier (DCG) boundary, which is one of the primary inputs in many glacier analyses, remains a challenge even after many years of research using conventional remote sensing methods or machine-learning methods. The GlacierNet, a deep-learning-based approach, utilized the …

E-Museletter: December 2021, William Taylor Muse Law Library

Museletter

This Issue:

Director's Message

Library News

Library Winter Break Closure

Featured Resources

Materials Update

Things to Consider

Student Services Corner

Gearing up for 2022!

The Social Contagion Of Temporal Discounting In Small Social Networks, Michael T. Bixter, Christian C. Luhmann

Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Decisions often require a tradeoff between immediate and long-term gratification. How individuals resolve such tradeoffs reflects constructs such as temporal discounting, the degree that individuals devalue delayed rewards. Recent research has started to focus on temporal decisions made in collaborative contexts (e.g., dyads, small groups). Results suggest that directly interacting with others leads to revisions in preferences, such that decision makers become more similar to their collaborative partners over time (e.g., more patient following collaboration with a patient other). What remains to be seen is whether this social influence extends to indirect social effects, such as when an individual influences …

Using Sedimentary Mercury Geochemistry To Evaluate The Niagara-Salina Transition, Silurian Michigan Basin, Usa, Sara Hayes

Masters Theses

The Niagara-Salina boundary in the Michigan Basin is marked by an abrupt transition from carbonates to evaporites. Though the cause is uncertain, previous work suggests the onset of Salina evaporites was driven by basin restriction, but the presence of several global carbon isotope excursions (CIE) suggest a global driver. This study builds on this discussion using two relatively new geochemical proxies - elemental mercury concentrations [Hg] and Hg isotopes.

Mercury concentrations [Hg] were measured in 88 samples from the State Kalkaska #2-15 core from 6604.03 ft to 6797.42 ft. [Hg] ranges from 0.11 to 0.62 mg/kg and [Hg]/TOC from 0.038 …

Engaging With The Score: Wadada Leo Smith, Graphic Notation, And The Performer’S Perspective, Kennedy Taylor Dixon

Masters Theses

As a Composer/Performer, my work exists in both realms. This thesis reflects the principle that my experience as a violist influences my compositional process and vice versa. Since identifying under both artistic skill sets, it has become evident that the two areas that exist as a creative and presentational output, thrive off one another’s success.

In June 2019, I had the chance to play Wadada Leo Smith’s String Quartet No. 3: Black Church, The First World Gathering of the Spirit (1995) at the Nief-Norf Summer Festival. This encounter was the first time I interacted with graphically notated scores as a …

Reshaping The Canon: How “Insta-Poets” Are Creating A New Literary Space For Readers Using Social Media, Hannah Salsbery

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Reading and analyzing poetry can be an equally beautiful and frustrating experience. Interacting with a poem allows a reader to access untapped emotions through the words on the page; yet, when not given the tools to understand canonical poetry, young readers are often left at a loss. The rise of “Insta-poetry” gives younger generations of readers access to poems that are both relatable in experience and language. Using Rupi Kaur as a vehicle towards unmasking the importance of the rise of poetry on Instagram, this thesis highlights the importance of reshaping the literary canon to become a more inclusive, diverse, …

Deconstruyendo Narrativas Coloniales En Relatos Cortos Latinoamericanos, Olivia Gabrielle Bradley

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Este artículo investiga cómo los autores de América Latina deconstruyen las narrativas coloniales en sus cuentos. Los cuatro relatos analizados son "Chac mool" por Carlos Fuentes, "Coatlicue" por Elena Poniatowska, "La noche boca arriba" por Julio Cortázar y "La culpa es de los Tlaxcaltecas" por Elena Garro. Mediante un estudio del uso del realismo mágico para promover críticas coloniales junto con una aplicación de la teoría de la descolonialidad, este artículo describe cómo los autores abordan los conceptos de la conquista española de México, la naturaleza dualista de la identidad mexicana y las estructuras de poder y opresión que persisten …

A Tighter Constraint On Earth-System Sensitivity From Long-Term Temperature And Carbon-Cycle Observations, Tony E. Wong, Ying Cui, Dana L. Royer, Klaus Keller

Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

The long-term temperature response to a given change in CO2 forcing, or Earth-system sensitivity (ESS), is a key parameter quantifying our understanding about the relationship between changes in Earth’s radiative forcing and the resulting long-term Earth-system response. Current ESS estimates are subject to sizable uncertainties. Long-term carbon cycle models can provide a useful avenue to constrain ESS, but previous efforts either use rather informal statistical approaches or focus on discrete paleoevents. Here, we improve on previous ESS estimates by using a Bayesian approach to fuse deep-time CO2 and temperature data over the last 420 Myrs with a long-term carbon cycle …