Digital Commons Network^™

Management Of Stemborers (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Using Foliar-Applied Chlorantraniliprole In Rice, James M. Villegas, Blake E. Wilson, Michael O. Way

Faculty Publications

Rice is one of the most important crops in Louisiana and Texas, USA. It is subjected to various insect pests throughout the growing season. Lepidopteran stem-boring pests including the Mexican rice borer, Eoreuma loftini (Dyar) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), are increasing in economic importance as insect pests in rice production, particularly in southwest Louisiana, USA. Field trials were conducted in Louisiana and Texas to examine the efficacy of foliar-applied insecticides (chlorantraniliprole and the pyrethroids ζ-cypermethrin and λ-cyhalothrin) and chlorantraniliprole seed treatment for control of rice stemborers during 2018 and 2019. Furthermore, a diet incorporation assay assessed the toxicity of chlorantraniliprole to laboratory-reared …

Bridgehead Effect And Multiple Introductions Shape The Global Invasion History Of A Termite, Alexander J. Blumenfeld, Pierre André Eyer, Claudia Husseneder, Jianchu Mo, Laura N.L. Johnson, Changlu Wang, J. Kenneth Grace, Thomas Chouvenc, Shichen Wang, Edward L. Vargo

Faculty Publications

Native to eastern Asia, the Formosan subterranean termite Coptotermes formosanus (Shiraki) is recognized as one of the 100 worst invasive pests in the world, with established populations in Japan, Hawaii and the southeastern United States. Despite its importance, the native source(s) of C. formosanus introductions and their invasive pathway out of Asia remain elusive. Using ~22,000 SNPs, we retraced the invasion history of this species through approximate Bayesian computation and assessed the consequences of the invasion on its genetic patterns and demography. We show a complex invasion history, where an initial introduction to Hawaii resulted from two distinct introduction events …

Cardiovascular Disease And Risk Of Incident Diabetes Mellitus: Findings From The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study Of Latinos (Hchs/Sol), Celestin Missikpode, Ramon A. Durazo-Arvizu, Richard S. Cooper, Matthew James OʼBrien, Sheila F. Castaneda, Gregory A. Talavera, Linda C. Gallo, Maria M. Llabre, Marisa J. Perera, Krista M. Perreira, Ana C. Ricardo, Amber Pirzada, James P. Lash, Martha Daviglus

Faculty Publications

Background: Studies have reported an association between prevalent cardiovascular disease (CVD) and risk of diabetes mellitus (DM). However, factors that may explain the association remain unclear. We examined the association of prevalent CVD with incident DM and assessed whether weight gain and medication use may explain the association. Methods: Data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) Visit 1 (2008-2011) and Visit 2 (2014-2017) were used to compare incidence of DM among individuals with and without self-reported CVD at Visit 1. A total of 1899 individuals with self-reported CVD were matched to controls free of self-reported CVD at …

Association Of Body Composition With Odds Of Breast Cancer By Molecular Subtype: Analysis Of The Mechanisms For Established And Novel Risk Factors For Breast Cancer In Nigerian Women (Mend) Study, Tomi Akinyemiju, Kelley Jones, Anjali Gupta, Taofik Oyekunle, Veeral Saraiya, April Deveaux, Omolola Salako, Allison Hall, Olusegun Alatise, Gabriel Ogun, Adewale Adeniyi, Omobolaji Ayandipo, Thomas Olajide, Olalekan Olasehinde, Olukayode Arowolo, Adewale Adisa, Oludolapo Afuwape, Aralola Olusanya, Aderemi Adegoke, Trygve O. Tollefsbol, Donna Arnett, Samuel Ajayi, Yemi Raji, Timothy Olanrewaju, Charlotte Osafo, Ifeoma Ulasi, Adanze Asinobi, Cheryl A. Winkler, David Burke, Fatiu Arogundade, Ivy Ekem, Jacob Plange-Rhule, Manmak Mamven

Faculty Publications

Background: The association between obesity and breast cancer (BC) has been extensively studied among US, European and Asian study populations, with often conflicting evidence. However, despite the increasing prevalence of obesity and associated conditions in Africa, the continent with the highest age-standardized BC mortality rate globally, few studies have evaluated this association, and none has examined in relation to molecular subtypes among African women. The current analysis examines the association between body composition, defined by body mass index (BMI), height, and weight, and BC by molecular subtype among African women. Methods: We estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals …

Whole Genome Comparisons Reveal Panmixia Among Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera Frugiperda) From Diverse Locations, Katrina A. Schlum, Kurt Lamour, Caroline Placidi De Bortoli, Rahul Banerjee, Robert Meagher, Eliseu Pereira, Maria Gabriela Murua, Gregory A. Sword, Ashley E. Tessnow, Diego Viteri Dillon, Angela M. Linares Ramirez, Komivi S. Akutse, Rebecca Schmidt-Jeffris, Fangneng Huang, Dominic Reisig, Scott J. Emrich, Juan Luis Jurat-Fuentes

Faculty Publications

Background: The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith)) is a highly polyphagous agricultural pest with long-distance migratory behavior threatening food security worldwide. This pest has a host range of > 80 plant species, but two host strains are recognized based on their association with corn (C-strain) or rice and smaller grasses (R-strain). The population genomics of the United States (USA) fall armyworm remains poorly characterized to date despite its agricultural threat. Results: In this study, the population structure and genetic diversity in 55 S. frugiperda samples from Argentina, Brazil, Kenya, Puerto Rico and USA were surveyed to further our understanding of …

Spatial Cluster Detection With Threshold Quantile Regression, Junho Lee, Ying Sun, Huixia Judy Wang

Faculty Publications

Spatial cluster detection, which is the identification of spatial units adjacent in space associated with distinctive patterns of data of interest relative to background variation, is useful for discerning spatial heterogeneity in regression coefficients. Some real studies with regression-based models on air quality data show that there exists not only spatial heterogeneity but also heteroscedasticity between air pollution and its predictors. Since the low air quality is a well-known risk factor for mortality, various cardiopulmonary diseases, and preterm birth, the analysis at the tail would be of more interest than the center of air pollution distribution. In this article, we …

Environmental Rnai Pathways In The Two-Spotted Spider Mite, Mosharrof Mondal, Jacob Peter, Obrie Scarbrough, Alex Flynt

Faculty Publications

© 2020, The Author(s).

Background:RNA interference (RNAi) regulates gene expression in most multicellular organisms through binding of small RNA effectors to target transcripts. Exploiting this process is a popular strategy for genetic manipulation and has applications that includes arthropod pest control. RNAi technologies are dependent on delivery method with the most convenient likely being feeding, which is effective in some animals while others are insensitive. The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, is prime candidate for developing RNAi approaches due to frequent occurrence of conventional pesticide resistance. Using a sequencing-based approach, the fate of ingested RNAs was explored to …

Correction To: Deep Mantle Melting, Global Water Circulation And Its Implications For The Stability Of The Ocean Mass (Progress In Earth And Planetary Science, (2020), 7, 1, (76), 10.1186/S40645-020-00379-3), Shun Ichiro Karato, Bijaya Karki, Jeffrey Park

Faculty Publications

Following publication of the original article (Karato et al., 2020), the author identified there is a minor typo in Fig. 13 and graphical abstract image. The correct Fig. 13 and graphic abstract image are provided below. The original paper has been updated.

The Validity Of Using One Force Platform To Quantify Whole-Body Forces, Velocities, And Power During A Plyometric Push-Up, Zhanxin Sha, Boyi Dai

Faculty Publications

Background: Previous studies have typically measured velocity and power parameters during the push-up, either using one or two force platforms. The purpose of the study was to compare the force, velocity, and power parameters between the one-force-platform method and the two-force-platform method during plyometric push-ups.

Methods: Thirty-four physically active young adults participated in the study to perform the plyometric push-up. For the two-force-platform calculation method, the forces applied to the feet and hands were both measured. For the one-force-platform calculation method, the forces applied to the feet were assumed to be constant, while the forces applied to hands …

Diving Beneath The Sea Of Stellar Activity: Chromatic Radial Velocities Of The Young Au Mic Planetary System, Bryson Cale, Michael Reefe, Peter Plavchan, Angelle Tanner, Eric Gaidos, Jonathan Gagne, Peter Gao, Stephen R. Kane, Victor J. S. Bejar, Nicolas Lodieu, Guillem Anglada-Escude, Ignasi Ribas, Enric Palle, Andreas Quirrenbach, Pedro Amado, Ansgar Reiners, Jose A. Caballero, Maria Rosa Zapatero Osorio, Stefan Dreizler, Andrew W. Howard, Benjamin J. Fulton, Sharon Xuesong Wang, Kevin I. Collins, Mohammed El Mufti, Justin Wittrock, Emily A. Gilbert, Thomas Barclay, Baptiste Klein, Eder Martioli, Robert Wittenmyer, Duncan Wright, Brett Addison, Teruyuki Hirano, Motohide Tamura, Takayuki Kotani, Norio Narita, David Vermilion, Rena A. Lee, Claire Geneser, Johanna Teske, Samuel N. Quinn, David W. Latham, Gilbert A. Esquerdo, Michael L. Calkins, Perry Berlind, Farzaneh Zohrabi, Caitlin Stibbards, Srihan Kotnana, Jon Jenkins, Joseph D. Twicken, Christopher Henze, Richard Kidwell, Jr., Christopher Burke, Joel Villasenor, Patricia Boyd

Faculty Publications

We present updated radial-velocity (RV) analyses of the AU Mic system. AU Mic is a young (22 Myr) early-M dwarf known to host two transiting planets-P-b similar to 8.46 days, R-b = 4.381(-0.18)(+0.18) R-circle plus, P-c similar to 18.86 days, R-c = 3.5(-0.16)(+0.16) R-circle plus. With visible RVs from Calar Alto high-Resolution search for M dwarfs with Exo-earths with Near-infrared and optical echelle Spectrographs (CARMENES)-VIS, CHIRON, HARPS, HIRES, MINERVA-Australis, and Tillinghast Reflector Echelle Spectrograph, as well as near-infrared (NIR) RVs from CARMENES-NIR, CSHELL, IRD, iSHELL, NIRSPEC, and SPIRou, we provide a 5 sigma upper limit to the mass of AU …

Search For Lensing Signatures In The Gravitational-Wave Observations From The First Half Of Ligo-Virgo's Third Observing Run, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott

Faculty Publications

We search for signatures of gravitational lensing in the gravitational-wave signals from compact binary coalescences detected by Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) and Advanced Virgo during O3a, the first half of their third observing run. We study: (1) the expected rate of lensing at current detector sensitivity and the implications of a non-observation of strong lensing or a stochastic gravitational-wave background on the merger-rate density at high redshift; (2) how the interpretation of individual high-mass events would change if they were found to be lensed; (3) the possibility of multiple images due to strong lensing by galaxies or galaxy …

A Multi-Study Examination Of The Role Of Repeated Spaced Retrieval In The Word Learning Of Children With Developmental Language Disorder, Laurence B. Leonard, Sharon L. Christ, Patricia Deevy, Jeffrey D. Karpicke, Christine Weber, Eileen Haebig, Justin B. Kueser, Sofía Souto, Windi Krok

Faculty Publications

Background: Many children with developmental language disorders (DLD) have well-documented weaknesses in vocabulary. In recent years, investigators have explored the nature of these weaknesses through the use of novel word learning paradigms. These studies have begun to uncover specific areas of difficulty and have provided hints about possible intervention strategies that might help these children learn words more accurately and efficiently. Among the studies of this type are those that incorporate repeated spaced retrieval activities in the learning procedures. Methods: In this study, we examined the data from four of these studies that employed the same types of participants (4- …

Determining Water Allocation Scheme To Attain Nutrient Management Objective For A Large Lake Receiving Irrigation Discharge, Xuemei Liu, Guangxin Zhang, Y. Jun Xu, Jingjie Zhang, Yao Wu, Hanyu Ju

Faculty Publications

Irrigation discharge is a relevant water resource for lake ecosystems in arid and semi-arid regions. However, high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in the irrigation discharge raise concerns over potential lake eutrophication in these regions. A Delft3D hydrodynamic-water quality model was used to explore the effects of multiple water sources on water quality of a large shollow lake in the semi-arid west of Northeast China, which is surrounded by irrigated rice paddies. Eighteen scenarios in a combination of different precipitation rates, irrigation discharge operations, and flow conditions were simulated to analyze time and water allocation required in order to achieve …

Behavioral Characteristics And Self-Reported Health Status Among 2029 Adults Consuming A "Carnivore Diet", Belinda S. Lennerz, Jacob T. Mey, Owen H. Henn, David S. Ludwig

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Background: The "carnivore diet,"based on animal foods and excluding most or all plant foods, has attracted recent popular attention. However, little is known about the health effects and tolerability of this diet, and concerns for nutrient deficiencies and cardiovascular disease risk have been raised. Objectives: We obtained descriptive data on the nutritional practices and health status of a large group of carnivore diet consumers. Methods: A social media survey was conducted 30 March-24 June, 2020 among adults self-identifying as consuming a carnivore diet for ≥6 mo. Survey questions interrogated motivation, dietary intake patterns, symptoms suggestive of nutritional deficiencies or other …

Functional Anatomy Of The Vagus System – Emphasis On The Somato-Visceral Interface, Winfried L. Neuhuber, Hans Rudolf Berthoud

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Due to its pivotal role in autonomic networks, the vagus attracts continuous interest from both basic scientists and clinicians. In particular, recent advances in vagus nerve stimulation strategies and their application to pathological conditions beyond epilepsy provide a good opportunity to recall basic features of vagal peripheral and central anatomy. In addition to the “classical” vagal brainstem nuclei, i.e., dorsal motor nucleus, nucleus ambiguus and nucleus tractus solitarii, the spinal trigeminal and paratrigeminal nuclei come into play as targets of vagal afferents. On the other hand, the nucleus of the solitary tract receives and integrates not only visceral but also …

Author Correction: Twelve-Month Specific Igg Response To Sars-Cov-2 Receptor-Binding Domain Among Covid-19 Convalescent Plasma Donors In Wuhan (Nature Communications, (2021), 12, 1, (4144), 10.1038/S41467-021-24230-5), Cesheng Li, Ding Yu, Xiao Wu, Hong Liang, Zhijun Zhou, Yong Xie, Taojing Li, Junzheng Wu, Fengping Lu, Lu Feng, Min Mao, Lianzhen Lin, Huanhuan Guo, Shenglan Yue, Feifei Wang, Yan Peng, Yong Hu, Zejun Wang, Jianhong Yu, Yong Zhang, Jia Lu, Haoran Ning, Huichuan Yang, Daoxing Fu, Yanlin He, Dongbo Zhou, Tao Du, Kai Duan, Demei Dong, Kun Deng, Xia Zou, Ya Zhang, Rong Zhou, Yang Gao

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

The original version of this Article contained an error in the abstract, which incorrectly read ‘The level of RBD-IgG decreases with time, with the titer stabilizing at 64.3% of the initial level by 9 month’. The correct version replaces this sentence with ‘The level of RBD-IgG decreases with time, with the titer stabilizing at 35.7% of the initial level by the 9th month’. This has been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.

Deciphering An Agrp-Serotoninergic Neural Circuit In Distinct Control Of Energy Metabolism From Feeding, Yong Han, Guobin Xia, Dollada Srisai, Fantao Meng, Yanlin He, Yali Ran, Yang He, Monica Farias, Giang Hoang, István Tóth, Marcelo O. Dietrich, Miao Hsueh Chen, Yong Xu, Qi Wu

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Contrasting to the established role of the hypothalamic agouti-related protein (AgRP) neurons in feeding regulation, the neural circuit and signaling mechanisms by which they control energy expenditure remains unclear. Here, we report that energy expenditure is regulated by a subgroup of AgRP neurons that send non-collateral projections to neurons within the dorsal lateral part of dorsal raphe nucleus (dlDRN) expressing the melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R), which in turn innervate nearby serotonergic (5-HT) neurons. Genetic manipulations reveal a bi-directional control of energy expenditure by this circuit without affecting food intake. Fiber photometry and electrophysiological results indicate that the thermo-sensing MC4RdlDRN neurons …

A Randomized Clinical Trial On The Effects Of Exercise On Muscle Remodelling Following Bariatric Surgery, Saulo Gil, John P. Kirwan, Igor H. Murai, Wagner S. Dantas, Carlos Alberto Abujabra Merege-Filho, Sujoy Ghosh, Samuel K. Shinjo, Rosa M.R. Pereira, Walcy R. Teodoro, Sheylla M. Felau, Fabiana B. Benatti, Ana L. De Sá-Pinto, Fernanda Lima, Roberto De Cleva, Marco Aurélio Santo, Bruno Gualano, Hamilton Roschel

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Background: Muscle atrophy and strength loss are common adverse outcomes following bariatric surgery. This randomized, controlled trial investigated the effects of exercise training on bariatric surgery-induced loss of muscle mass and function. Additionally, we investigated the effects of the intervention on molecular and histological mediators of muscle remodelling. Methods: Eighty women with obesity were randomly assigned to a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB: n = 40, age = 42 ± 8 years) or RYGB plus exercise training group (RYGB + ET: n = 40, age = 38 ± 7 years). Clinical and laboratory parameters were assessed at baseline, and 3 (POST3) …

A Landscape Planning Agenda For Global Health Security: Learning From The History Of Hiv/Aids And Pandemic Influenza, James Nguyen H. Spencer

Faculty Publications

This paper considers the role of landscape planning and design in the context of a growing need for research and policy recommendations associated with Emerging Infectious Diseases (EIDs), of which COVID-19 is the most recent. Beginning with a definition of EIDs and their origins within the context of landscape planning, the paper then argues that planning and design scholars and practitioners should begin by seeing the importance of a “global urban ecosystem” (GUE) comprised of rapidly transforming metropolitan and regional “patches” connected through “corridors” of relatively unregulated global transportation and mobility networks. It then revisits the history of the two …

Overfeeding-Induced Weight Gain Elicits Decreases In Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin In Healthy Males—Implications For Body Fat Distribution, Prachi Singh, Naima Covassin, Fatima H. Sert-Kuniyoshi, Kara L. Marlatt, Abel Romero-Corral, Diane E. Davison, Ravinder J. Singh, Michael D. Jensen, Virend K. Somers

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Objective: Obesity and upper-body fat elevates cardiometabolic risk. However, mechanisms predisposing to upper-body fat accumulation are not completely understood. In males, low testosterone (T) frequently associates with obesity, and estrogen deficiency may contribute to upper-body adiposity. This study examines the effects of overfeeding-induced weight gain on changes in gonadal hormones in healthy males and its association with regional fat depots. Methods: Twenty-five males (age: 29.7 ± 6.9 years; BMI: 24.7 ± 3.1 kg/m2) were overfed for 8 weeks to gain approximately 5% body weight. Changes in total and regional fat depots were assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and abdominal computed …

Impact Of Acute Exercise On Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Nutrient Sensing And Mitochondrial Oxidative Capacity In Healthy Young Adults, Bailey Theall, James Stampley, Eunhan Cho, Joshua Granger, Neil M. Johannsen, Brian A. Irving, Guillaume Spielmann

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Regular exercise is associated with changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proportions that have enhanced effector functions in young and old adults; however, the effects of acute exercise on PBMC nutrient sensors and metabolic function in active young adults is unknown. To fill this gap, activation status and nutrient-sensing mechanisms of PBMCs isolated from 21 healthy active adults (20–35 yr; 36.5 ± 6.3 V̇O2peak) were characterized before and after 30 min of moderate-to-vigorous cycling (65%–75% V̇O2peak). In addition, changes in PBMC mitochondrial respiratory function in response to exercise were assessed using high-resolution respirometry. There was an increase in the …

Ncaa Division I American Football Players With Sickle Cell Trait Have Altered Hematological Responses And Hydration Status, Haoyan Wang, Matt Martone, Michael E. Owens, Nathan P. Lemoine, Jack Marucci, Derek Calvert, Shelly Mullenix, Timothy S. Church, Jennifer Rood, Brian Harrell, Brian A. Irving, Guillaume Spielmann, Neil M. Johannsen

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Sickle cell trait (SCT) is a risk factor of collapse and sudden death in athletes. We conducted a longitudinal study to determine the hematological responses and hydration status in NCAA Division I American football players with SCT. The study took place over 2 years with 6 SCT and 6 position-matched controls (CON) in year 1; and 4 SCT and 4 CON in year 2. In year 2, three of the four SCT players were recruited and re-enrolled with new position-matched controls (total sample data = 10 SCT and 10 CON). Blood samples were taken at three visits: pre-camp, post-camp, and …

Obesity And Cancer Death In White And Black Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study, Justin C. Brown, Shengping Yang, Emily F. Mire, Xiaocheng Wu, Lucio Miele, Augusto Ochoa, Jovanny Zabaleta, Peter T. Katzmarzyk

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether race modifies the association between obesity and cancer death. Methods: The Pennington Center Longitudinal Study included 18,296 adults; 35.0% were male and 34.3% were Black. The primary end point was death from cancer. Results: During a follow-up of 14.3 years, 346 cancer deaths occurred. Among men, race modified the association of BMI and cancer death (pinteraction = 0.045); compared with a BMI of 22 kg/m², a BMI of 35 in White men was associated with a hazard ratio of 1.74 (95% CI: 1.38-2.21), and in Black men, the hazard ratio was …

Biological And Environmental Influences On Motor Coordination In Peruvian Children And Adolescents, Sara Pereira, Alcibíades Bustamante, Carla Santos, Donald Hedeker, Go Tani, Rui Garganta, Olga Vasconcelos, Adam Baxter-Jones, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, José Maia

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

This study investigated the associations between biological and environmental factors and gross-motor coordination (GMC) in Peruvian children and adolescents. The sample comprised 7401 boys and girls, aged 6–14 years, recruited from three geographical regions: sea-level, Amazon and high-altitude. Biological variables included age, sex, height, BMI, physical fitness, stunting, and maturational status. Environmental influences included geographical region and school characteristics. Gross-motor coordination was tested with the Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder and the data analyzed by multilevel logistic regression. Results showed a high prevalence of below normal GMC scores. Sex, age, geographical area, biological maturation, BMI (normal versus overweight/obesity), and stunting were all …

The Acute Transcriptional Responses To Dietary Methionine Restriction Are Triggered By Inhibition Of Ternary Complex Formation And Linked To Erk1/2, Mtor, And Atf4, Kirsten P. Stone, Sujoy Ghosh, Jean Paul Kovalik, Manda Orgeron, Desiree Wanders, Landon C. Sims, Thomas W. Gettys

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

The initial sensing of dietary methionine restriction (MR) occurs in the liver where it activates an integrated stress response (ISR) that quickly reduces methionine utilization. The ISR program is regulated in part by ATF4, but ATF4’s prototypical upstream regulator, eIF2α, is not acutely activated by MR. Bioinformatic analysis of RNAseq and metabolomics data from liver samples harvested 3 h and 6 h after initiating MR shows that general translation is inhibited at the level of ternary complex formation by an acute 50% reduction of hepatic methionine that limits formation of initiator methionine tRNA. The resulting ISR is induced by selective …

Nt-Pgc-1Α Deficiency Attenuates High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity By Modulating Food Intake, Fecal Fat Excretion And Intestinal Fat Absorption, Jihyun Kim, Jiyoung Moon, Chul Hong Park, Jisu Lee, Helia Cheng, Z. Elizabeth Floyd, Ji Suk Chang

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α and its splice variant NT-PGC-1α regulate metabolic adaptation by modulating many gene programs. Selective ablation of PGC-1α attenuates diet-induced obesity through enhancing fatty acid oxidation and thermogenesis by upregulation of NT-PGC-1α in brown adipose tissue (BAT). Recently, we have shown that selective ablation of NT-PGC-1α reduces fatty acid oxidation in BAT. Thus, the objective of this study was to test our hypothesis that NT-PGC-1α−/− mice would be more prone to diet-induced obesity. Male and female NT-PGC-1α+/+ (WT) and NT-PGC-1α−/− mice were fed a regular chow or 60% high-fat (HF) diet for 16 weeks. Contrary to our expectations, …

Broad Spectrum Of Crispr-Induced Edits In An Embryonic Lethal Gene, Kayla T.B. Fuselier, J. Michael Salbaum, Claudia Kappen

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Mendelian genetics poses practical limitations on the number of mutant genes that can be investigated simultaneously for their roles in embryonic development in the mouse. While CRISPR-based gene editing of multiple genes at once offers an attractive alternative strategy, subsequent breeding or establishment of permanent mouse lines will rapidly segregate the different mutant loci again. Direct phenotypic analysis of genomic edits in an embryonic lethal gene in F0 generation mice, or F0 mouse embryos, circumvents the need for breeding or establishment of mutant mouse lines. In the course of genotyping a large cohort of F0 CRISPants, where the embryonic lethal …

Association Between Particulate Matter Containing Epfrs And Neutrophilic Asthma Through Ahr And Th17, Jeffrey N. Harding, Maureen Gross, Vivek Patel, Steven Potter, Stephania A. Cormier

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Background: Epidemiological data associate high levels of combustion-derived particulate matter (PM) with deleterious respiratory outcomes, but the mechanism underlying those outcomes remains elusive. It has been acknowledged by the World Health Organization that PM exposure contributes to more than 4.2 million all-cause mortalities worldwide each year. Current literature demonstrates that PM exacerbates respiratory diseases, impairs lung function, results in chronic respiratory illnesses, and is associated with increased mortality. The proposed mechanisms revolve around oxidative stress and inflammation promoting pulmonary physiological remodeling. However, our previous data found that PM is capable of inducing T helper cell 17 (Th17) immune responses via …

Author Correction: Spread Of Pathological Tau Proteins Through Communicating Neurons In Human Alzheimer’S Disease (Nature Communications, (2020), 11, 1, (2612), 10.1038/S41467-020-15701-2), Jacob W. Vogel, Yasser Iturria-Medina, Olof T. Strandberg, Ruben Smith, Elizabeth Levitis, Alan C. Evans, Oskar Hansson, Michael Weiner, Paul Aisen, Ronald Petersen, Clifford R. Jack, William Jagust, John Q. Trojanowki, Arthur W. Toga, Laurel Beckett, Robert C. Green, Andrew J. Saykin, John Morris, Leslie M. Shaw, Enchi Liu, Tom Montine, Ronald G. Thomas, Michael Donohue, Michael Donohue, Sarah Walter, Devon Gessert, Tamie Sather, Gus Jiminez, Danielle Harvey, Matthew Bernstein, Nick Fox, Paul Thompson, Norbert Schuff, Charles Decarli

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

The original version of the Supplementary information associated with this Article inadvertently omitted Supplementary Table S1. The HTML has been updated to include a corrected version of the Supplementary information.

Kl-Vs Heterozygosity Is Associated With Lower Amyloid-Dependent Tau Accumulation And Memory Impairment In Alzheimer’S Disease, Julia Neitzel, Nicolai Franzmeier, Anna Rubinski, Martin Dichgans, Matthias Brendel, Michael Weiner, Paul Aisen, Ronald Petersen, Clifford R. Jack, William Jagust, John Q. Trojanowki, Arthur W. Toga, Laurel Beckett, Robert C. Green, Andrew J. Saykin, John Morris, Leslie M. Shaw, Enchi Liu, Tom Montine, Ronald G. Thomas, Michael Donohue, Sarah Walter, Devon Gessert, Tamie Sather, Gus Jiminez, Danielle Harvey, Matthew Bernstein, Nick Fox, Paul Thompson, Norbert Schuff, Charles Decarli, Bret Borowski, Jeff Gunter, Matt Senjem

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Klotho-VS heterozygosity (KL-VShet) is associated with reduced risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, whether KL-VShet is associated with lower levels of pathologic tau, i.e., the key AD pathology driving neurodegeneration and cognitive decline, is unknown. Here, we assessed the interaction between KL-VShet and levels of beta-amyloid, a key driver of tau pathology, on the levels of PET-assessed neurofibrillary tau in 551 controls and patients across the AD continuum. KL-VShet showed lower cross-sectional and longitudinal increase in tau-PET per unit increase in amyloid-PET when compared to that of non-carriers. This association of KL-VShet on tau-PET was stronger in Klotho mRNA-expressing brain …