Digital Commons Network^™

“Jinshi Flavor”: The Historical Evolution And Cultural Construction Of An Aesthetic Concept, Yilin Wang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The emergence and evolution of the aesthetic concept of jinshi (epigraphy) flavor are bound up with social and cultural transitions, shifts in aesthetic concepts, changes in political configurations, the historical development of the aesthetics of calligraphy itself, and influences from related artistic genres. Of particular importance is its complex interaction and entanglement with the development of epigraphy and stele studies. The rise of “jinshi flavor” represents the process by which an epigraphic sensibility gradually evolved into the ontology of calligraphic aesthetics. Examining the conceptual formation of “jinshi flavor” and its historical development as an aesthetic practice offers an …

Evolving Symbols: A Study Of The Triple Implications Of The Weiqi Iconography In The Song Dynasty, Peichong Xi

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Playing weiqi, as a unique mode of communication for the ancients, has historically developed into a metaphorical behavioral gesture or visual image. By the Song dynasty, playing weiqi had become an important element in painting. Inheriting the conceptual heritage and iconographic conventions of predecessors, the visual image of playing weiqi in the Song dynasty continued to develop, which showcased people's value pursuit at that time. The weiqi game, as a symbol of “holistic form,” conveys meaning through non—linear spatial layouts and comprehensive sensory experiences in the Song cultural context. Based on the operational characteristics of the game itself and the …

Depiction Of The “Recluse” In Chinese Painting: An Examination Centered On The Wu School Of The Ming Dynasty, Xianpo Yuan

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The figure of the “recluse” has possessed cultural features of eremitism since its inception. As the image of seclusion was incorporated into Chinese painting, the Wu School of painting in the Ming dynasty played a crucial role. They changed the style of Yuan painting and employed the image of the “recluse” in their paintings, which consequently became both realistic and symbolic. In portraying the beauty of the “recluse,” the Wu School placed the figure at the center and the focal point of the painting, blending it with the surrounding landscape and highlighting its noble and classically elegant spiritual qualities. The …

Construction And Definition: The Textual Nature Of Shi Fu Lüe (Summary Of Songs And Fu) And Its Significance In Literary History, Zhiyuan Yin

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The study of the origin and genre of fu is a significant field in academic history. However, its conclusions are closely related to the documentary records found in The Book of Han: Summary of Songs and Fu. An examination of the fu entries in Summary of Songs and Fu reveals certain problems with the collected texts and their generic styles. Summary of Songs and Fu attempts to construct the origin of fu within the discourse system of The Book of Songs scholarship to create a cultural continuity with the Zhou dynasty. Although the collection in Summary of Songs and Fu …

Recovering And Rewriting The Scene Of Suzhou Xiqu Circle In The Early Qing Dynasty And Its Significance, Ren Gang Ren Gang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The Suzhou xiqu circle in the early Qing dynasty developed a distinctive style characterized by the simultaneous flourishing of creation and performance. This phenomenon was shaped by traditional xiqu heritage, dynastic transition, economic growth, and the internal dynamics of xiqu development. In terms of creation, the emergence of numerous playwrights and works reflected, for the first time, the symbiotic relationship between literati and folk xiqu, achieving a closer integration between literature and the stage. In terms of performances, a vibrant scene arose in which professional folk troupes and gentry family troupes complemented one another, demonstrating diverse modes of xiqu …

Innovation Within Tradition: Competitive Strategies Of Late Ming Taige (Court) Literature And Their Significance, Xiaolu Xiaolu, Huan Zhang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Amid the politically changed literary landscape of the lat Ming dynasty, the taige school—comprising primarily of Hanlin officials and Grand Secretariat ministers—adopted a strategy of active engagement while maintaining its traditional foundations. From the early Wanli period to the Tianqi and Chongzhen riegns, the taige writers consistently asserted that literary authority should be restored to their own ranks. In response to challenges from the School of the Seven Masters (qizi pai), taige scholars developed three major competitive strategies. The first was a dialectical strategy of offense and defense, through which they defended their professional identity as court literati …

The Origin Of The Stylistic Form And Knowledge System Of Han—Dynasty Fengshi On Disasters And Anomalies, Runzhong Zhang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Fengshi (sealed memorials) was a common type of memorial writing in the Han dynasty. Its emergence was closely related to the technique of observing qi during the Qin and Han periods. In the mid—to—late Western Han, as political conflicts intensified, fengshi became an important vehicle for the theories of Yin—Yang and the discourse of catastrophes and anomalies. Compared to other memorial writings, Han—dynasty fengshi exhibited a distinctive rhetorical style that maintained righteousness but harnessed the unusual. These texts embody a specialized system of knowledge and reflect the Confucian scholars' synthesis of classical studies, historiography, and the learning of Yin—Yang. Often …

The Sinicization Of “Contradiction And Overdetermination”: A Study Centered On The 1964 Translation, Yichen Wang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

In 1964, the seventh issue of Philosophical Translation Series (Zhexue Yicong), a special issue on dialectical problems, featured “Contradiction and Overdetermination”—the first Chinese translation of Louis Althusser's seminal essay “Contradiction et Surdétermination”. This seemingly incidental translation is closely linked to the distinctive modes of translation practices within “New China's Literary Theory” and the global discourse on the “Young Karl Marx” in the 1960s. In his concise yet scholarly translator's note, Ding Xianggong introduces the debates sparked by “Contradiction and Overdetermination” in French theoretical circles and offers insights into the rationale behind the translation of the French term surdétermination into …

Analyzing “Emotion” And Interpreting “Expression”: On The Inheritance And Development Of The Concept Of “Literature” Of Chinese Nation, Bohai Chen

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Throughout its long historical evolution, the Chinese nation has cultivated a profound and enduring cultural tradition, many elements of which retain remarkable vitality today. The traditional concept of “literature” of Chinese nation exemplifies this contrituity. Rooted in the principle that literary creation originates from the emotional stirrings arising between the mind and external phenomena, this tradition upholds “shaping expression according to emotion” (yin qing she cai) as a fundamental tenet governing the formation of writing norms. This emotion—centered literary philosophy differs significantly from the Western tradition, which often privileges the construction of “images” as the core aesthetic task. …

Reflections On “Upon The Gardens Of Epicurus”: The Transmission Of Chinese Garden Aesthetics To The West, Yang Lu

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The transmission of Chinese art and aesthetics to the West can be traced back to Matteo Ricci. The biases towards Chinese art evident in Ricci's journal reflect the intellectual and cultural conditions of his time. However, with the growing contact between China and Europe through missionaries and merchants in the seventeenth century, China gradually came to be perceived as a mysterious “Other” in Europe. In 1685, the British writer William Temple completed the long essay “Upon the Gardens of Epicurus”, in which he regarded the garden as a practical embodiment of the Epicurean philosophy of happiness. Temple proposed that, in …

Beyond The Loop: Accountability And The Legal Abyss Of Autonomous Weapon Systems, Ahmad Khalil, Anandha Krishna Raj S

Indonesian Journal of International Law

The emergence of autonomous weapon systems (AWS) poses unprecedented challenges to international humanitarian law (IHL), particularly in relation to criminal responsibility. This article critically examines the existing legal vacuum concerning accountability for violations committed by AWS in the context of armed conflict. By analyzing the fluid and evolving nature of military autonomy and the consequences of removing human oversight from lethal decision-making processes, the article undertakes an in-depth assessment of international criminal law (ICL) mechanisms, including direct and command responsibility. It demonstrates the inadequacy of established legal doctrines to attribute criminal liability to designers, programmers, operators, or commanders when AWS …

Navigating Reintegration: A Qualitative Exploration Of The Challenges And Success Factors For Women Offenders In Society, Arabella Grace A. Velasquez, Beatrice Gabrielle Z. Dyquiangco, Vylet Xummer E. Pimpinio, Tamachi Agnesia Varent, Lander James Luke T. Villanueva, Alfonso B. Astudillo Iii

DLSU Senior High School Research Congress Conference Proceedings

This study explores the different challenges and success factors women ex-offenders face during their reintegration into society after being incarcerated. With the help of 11 women on parole and probation in Baguio City from interviews, the researchers were able to examine their experiences and perspectives. A qualitative research design with descriptive phenomenology was used to gather in-depth insights through face-to-face interviews. Participants were selected through purposive sampling with the assistance of the local Chief Probation and Parole Officer. Data were collected through voice recordings and observations, then transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. Superordinate themes emerged, namely Reintegration Struggles and …

Shades And Shapes: Intersectional Perspectives On Filipino Women’S Skin Color And Body Build, Aliah Jazz G. Alonte, Kelly Nyle M. Baligod, Mi Tang, Yuzhu Zhao, Liezl R. Astudillo

DLSU Senior High School Research Congress Conference Proceedings

This study examines how Filipino women evaluate physical attractiveness, likeability, and social competence based on variations in skin color and body build, traits shaped by colonial legacies and reinforced by contemporary media. A 2×2 factorial experimental design was used, involving 180 female college students (ages 18–24), who rated target images that varied by skin color (light vs. dark) and body build (slim vs. large). While neither skin color nor body build alone had a significant main effect on perceptions of attractiveness, a significant interaction emerged: slim, dark-skinned individuals were rated more attractive than their light-skinned counterparts, whereas light-skinned individuals were …

Navigating Ambiguity: An In-Depth Exploration Of Situationships In Contemporary Romantic Relationships, Shiywonee Khanalee D.J. Delizo, Yonah Adamae R. Dapliyan, Hildebrand Tridant A. Ban-Eg, Calvine Audric F. Canlas, Eliecea Red Yusingco, Neil Ivan D. Tong, Alfonso B. Astudillo Iii

DLSU Senior High School Research Congress Conference Proceedings

This qualitative study examined the phenomenon of situationships, which is defined as a romantic involvement that lacks clear commitment, boundaries, and labels. Situationships have surfaced in the context of modern dating culture with the rise of dating apps, in which people may display behaviors typical of couples but are contradictory to their traditional definitions of romantic relationships. This study explored the characteristics that define situationships, how people manage their inherent ambiguity, and why individuals prefer situationships over traditional established relationships. The data was gathered through in-depth interviews with 12 participants and analyzed using inductive thematic analysis of their experiences. The …

Love Across Borders: A Qualitative Exploration Of Cultural Dynamics In The Romantic Relationships Of Foreign Students And Their Filipino Partners, Charlene Lorraine P. Jandoc, Katrizza Tabangcura Pingil, Frances Niña Gaffud Co, Gabrielle Malig Dayoan, Simon Sebastian Tampoc Hiyadan, Rhiezhan Ghael Espiritu Jamorabon, Alfonso B. Astudillo Iii

DLSU Senior High School Research Congress Conference Proceedings

Globalization has significantly impacted education in the Philippines, notably with the influx of international students coming into the country for educational opportunities. This phenomenon has led to numerous studies examining the various aspects of their experiences, such as their cultural adaptation processes, academic difficulties, and economic contributions. However, their interpersonal relationships, particularly their more intimate connections, have been largely overlooked. This study aims to probe into this, focusing on the dynamics, navigation strategies, and external influences that shape these relationships. Utilizing both online and face-to-face interviews, as well as online surveys, the experiences of nine (9) intercultural couples, each of …

Beyond Sunday: The Lived Experience Of Gen Z Practicing Christians In The 21st Century, John Ramzel Dylan C. Galido, Isabel Anne M. Alano

DLSU Senior High School Research Congress Conference Proceedings

This study investigates the lived experiences of Generation Z practicing Christians in the 21st century, examining how they sustain their faith amid secularization, technological advancements, and shifting societal norms. Employing a phenomenological approach, in-depth semi-structured interviews with 5 Gen Z Practicing Christians revealed key themes: (1) their faith is characterized by a dynamic, personal relationship with God, nurtured through daily practices rather than rigid rituals; (2) they actively negotiate tensions between biblical values and secular culture, often prioritizing divine principles over societal expectations; (3) familial teachings and faith-based communities play foundational roles in shaping their spiritual identity; (4) personal struggles, …

Beyond The Swipe: Understanding Observers’ Perceptions Of The Motivations And Behaviors Of Online Dating Users, Sarah Maxine A. Lucero, Maria Nicole C. Moreno, Calvine Felice T. Santiago, Liezl Astudillo

DLSU Senior High School Research Congress Conference Proceedings

This study explores how observers—individuals who observe but do not engage in online dating—perceive the motivations and behaviors of dating app users. While research has extensively explored the experiences of active users, a notable gap exists in understanding the perspectives of those who remain outside these digital spaces. Using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), it captured how observers constructed meaning around online relationships within the Philippine cultural context. Interviews with 11 young adults elicited that observers generally perceive online dating as convenience-driven and less genuine than conventional relationships. Notably, participants compared app-based connections to culturally established rituals such as “panliligaw,” or …

Beyond The Dark Hours: A Qualitative Exploration Of The Experiences And Coping Strategies Of Graveyard Shift Workers, Jerelie Robert Muyalde Alcause, Rhuss Maico Mangahas Bartolome, Jayvee Ysulan Bagaporo, Salvador Franz Niño Vargas Aquino, Ian Patrick P. Aquino, Arbee Ray Tokyas Akit, Alfonso B. Astudillo Iii

DLSU Senior High School Research Congress Conference Proceedings

Graveyard shifts are often correlated with poor working hours and may lead to a reduced level of cognitive and emotional function. Current studies focus on the physical effects of this schedule but often overlook the unique challenges of maintaining a work-life balance under such conditions. Through in-depth interviews, this study explores the psychological and emotional impact of long-term graveyard shifts, along with the coping mechanisms workers use to balance their work and personal lives. The findings of this study reveal that graveyard shift workers commonly experience social isolation, often distancing themselves from friends and family. Emotionally, they report feelings of …

A Multiple Narrative Case Study Of Young Filipino Leaders In Faith-Based Youth Organizations, Julianna Mariey M. De Vera, Maria Karmela G. Dizon, Elise Maegan P. Paragua, Mia N. Villanueva, Belle Beatrix Alemania

DLSU Senior High School Research Congress Conference Proceedings

Given the scarcity of studies on leadership beyond Roman Catholicism in the Philippine context, this study explores the lived experiences, motivations, and beliefs of youth leaders from diverse religious backgrounds, including Born Again Christianity, Buddhism, Iglesia ni Cristo, Protestantism, and Islam. Using a multiple-case narrative study, semi-structured interviews were conducted among eight youth leaders from various Faith-Based Youth Organizations and analyzed using Reissman’s Narrative Approach (2005). Findings show that leadership in FBYOs is driven by various spiritual, social, personal, and familial factors, with the most dominant being spiritual commitment, social responsibility, personal growth, and familial influence. These roles have been …

Sa Tibo(K) Ng Kamera: Pagmamapa Sa Dating Ng Mga Lesbiyanang Tauhan Sa Pelikulang Pilipino (1982–2023), Miguel Jae P. Asido, Samuel P. Bernardino, Kataryna Theriz M. Dato-On, Armione Kiera M. Magadia, Ma. Jayanne C. Mapugay

DLSU Senior High School Research Congress Conference Proceedings

Pawang nakatuon sa katangian at identidad ang mga diskurso sa lesbiyana sa pelikulang Pilipino subalit hindi pa nasusuri ang dating ng mga tauhang ito nang nakatuon sa teksto. Tinumbok ng pag-aaral na ito ang dating ng anim na lesbiyanang tauhan gamit ang modelo ni Tiongson (2022). Sumandig ang modelo sa Dating ni Lumbera (2000) na tumutuklas sa mga kondisyon sa pagtanggap ng mga likhang-pampanitikan. Natagpuan ang mga karanasang naglululan ng dating ng mga lesbiyanang tauhan na kinatawan ng mga pangunahing temang: Pagpapahalaga sa Propesyon, Pagtutulad sa Lalaki at mga Istiryotipo, Pagkakaila sa Sekswalidad, Pagbubunsod ng Pandalawang-Kasariang Pamantayan ng Lipunan, at …

Civil Status, Single: The Emotional Experiences And Transformations Of Single Teenage Filipino Mothers Across Generations In Their Transition To Adulthood, Ana Sofia V. Collado, Gabrielle Lumongsod, Ramona Motos, Ysabel Ronquillo, Susan Grace Tana Neri

DLSU Senior High School Research Congress Conference Proceedings

Single teenage mothers in the Philippines face unique emotional and psychological challenges as they transition from adolescence to adulthood. These challenges often stem from societal stigma, guilt, and the loss of personal aspirations, which negatively affect their mental health and self-identity. Guided by Intersectionality theory, this study explores the emotional experiences of single teenage Filipino mothers, aiming to understand how early motherhood influences their emotional well-being, identity formation, and personal growth. Six Filipino women, aged 18 to 55, were purposively selected to provide a diverse range of generational perspectives. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and the data were analyzed using Braun …

Exploring The Intersection Of Faith, Empathy, And Healthcare Trust In The Experience Of Informal Caregivers, Dr. Julie Yonker, Elizabeth Yuniwo, Jamie Lee, Mesalenuo Tsurho, Meral Moawad, Toluwani Adekunle

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

• Informal caregivers—adults providing unpaid medical or physical care to family or friends with adult-onset conditions—are essential yet often unrecognized contributors to U.S. health care. 
• One in four adults serve as caregivers, providing care valued at over $600 billion (AARP 2025). 
• Despite their vital role, many lack training, social support, and connection to professional care networks. 
• Public health professionals can promote sustainable, whole-person care by integrating caregiver training and referral systems into practice.

Linda Hall Daschle Papers, Sdsu Archives And Special Collections, Hilton M. Briggs Library

Thomas A. Daschle Papers

The Linda Hall Daschle Papers document the professional career of Linda Hall Daschle in the aviation industry and federal government. Daschle's career progressed from a certified weather observer to the Director of Federal Affairs for the Air Transport Association. She was the first woman to lead the Civil Aeronautics Board’s Office of Congressional, Community and Consumer Affairs and, in 1994, was appointed by President Clinton as Deputy Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). In this role, she managed a nine-billion-dollar budget and oversaw the FAA’s Advanced Automation System.

The collection includes professional correspondence, press clippings, and audiovisual materials such …

To Ban Or Not To Ban? Should Youth Social Media Use Be Regulated?, Leena Hilaly

Opinion Matters: Student Analyses of World News

This piece discusses Australia's recent social media youth ban and the negative implications of implementing sweeping government legislation on privacy, personal liberties, and state power.

Navigating Ownership & Access In Collaborative Groups: Understanding Copyright Law, Administrative Controls And Common Project Risks, Karley Downham

SACAD: Scholarly Activities

Collaborative groups, such as those in academic settings, often operate under a misconception that administrative control over shared digital files (e.g., Google Workspace permissions) equates to legal copyright ownership of creative content. This confusion frequently leads to internal disputes, contributor alienation, and project delays that can harm outcomes and participant well-being. The goal is to clearly define copyright law from file access administrative controls by providing an evidence-based framework to prevent and resolve ownership conflicts and foster healthier collaboration.

The poster will present core legal principles, emphasizing that U.S. copyright ownership defaults to creators and is not transferred by administrative …

How Tip Geometry Controls Fracture In Ductile Polymer Glasses And Brittle Elastomers, Shi-Qing Wang, Zehao Fan, Asal Y. Siavoshani

University Research

Based on spatially-temporally resolved polarized optical microscopy (str-POM) measurements, we studied the fracture behavior of ductile and brittle glassy polymers as well as highly crosslinked rubbers to draw the following conclusions: (1) there is no tip plasticity below a threshold load in ductile plastics such as polyethylene terephthalate. (2) In ductile polymer glasses, before tip yielding at a common tip stress, the remote load scales with notch length a as a−1/2, in agreement with the Inglis solution. (3) A finite stress saturation zone is observed in elastomers at loading levels even well below fatigue threshold due to significant crack tip …

Pediatric Simulation And Emergency Nurse Confidence, Katherine E. Wright

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: Nurses working in a general emergency department (GED) with a low (3.3%) pediatric patient volume expressed a lack of confidence caring for complex pediatric patients.

PICOT: In general emergency department nurses (P), how does participating in a pediatric simulation event (I), compared to current practice (C), affect nurse confidence scores caring for pediatric patients (O) over 6 weeks (T)?

Evidence: A review of over 17 evidence-based resources found good quality evidence that suggested participating in a simulation event can improve nurse confidence.

Intervention: Over six weeks, GED staff members participated in a pediatric simulation event. The simulation utilized …

Hybrid Diabetes Coaching Model: Integrating In-Person And Telemedicine Strategies To Improve Glycemic Outcomes, Sandis A. Mundackal

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: In patients with type 2 diabetes, poor glycemic control among adults remains a significant challenge in primary care settings, particularly within federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) that serve underserved populations. At the FQHC practice site, patients were managed using standard care with quarterly follow- up visits, without a structured hybrid coaching approach. This inconsistency contributed to a high number of patients with hemoglobin A1c (HgbA1c) levels ≥ 9%, placing them at increased risk for diabetes-related complications.

PICOT Question: In adults with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes (HgbA1c ≥ 9%) (P), does monthly hybrid coaching delivered through in-person and/or …

Therapeutic Plasma Exchange For Uncontrollable Bleeding After Platelet Inhibition With Ticagrelor: A Report Of 2 Cases, Amanda Herrmann, Brenda Mai, Yu Bai, Brian Castillo, Biswajit Kar, Kimberly Klein, Ismael A Salas De Armas, Eric Salazar, Hlaing Tint, Igor D Gregoric

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Case series

Patients: Male, 52-year-old Male, 66-year-old

Final Diagnosis: Uncontrolled bleeding following ticagrelor associated with cardiac surgery

Symptoms: Bleeding

Clinical Procedure: —

Specialty: Cardiology Critical Care Medicine Pathology

Objective: Unusual clinical course

Background

Acute coronary syndrome is the most common cause of death in the United States. Successful intervention often requires a multi-therapeutic approach, including percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and antiplatelet agents such as ticagrelor. However, the use of antiplatelet agents can cause life-threatening bleeding, particularly during emergency procedures. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is a procedure that selectively removes the patient’s plasma to eliminate harmful substances. Here, we present 2 …

Redesigning William Edmonson Homesite Park: Improving Community Wellbeing Through Nature-Based Solutions, Jonathan R. Loftis, Reese Cobb, Darlene Panvini

SPARK Symposium Presentations

The Edgehill neighborhood, North of Belmont University, is often overlooked by city designers and planners for revitalization and redesign efforts. The William Edmonson Homesite Park sits 0.5 miles from the university’s main campus and became the focal point of a redesign effort in Dr. Panvini’s Urban Ecology course. Classmates Ryder Loftis and Reese Cobb searched for an answer to the question, “Why are the community members of the Edgehill neighborhood not using the William Edmonson Park for more recreational activities, and what ecological improvements could be made to the park in order to make it more appealing to community members …