Digital Commons Network^™

Avant-Propos, Poej

Proche-Orient, Études juridiques

No abstract provided.

Transitional Services Provided For Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder In Saudi Arabia: A Mixed-Methods Study Of The Perspective Of Their Teachers, Ghaniah Ibrahim Ain

University of Bisha Journal for Educational Sciences

This study explored transitional services for students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Saudi Arabia from teachers’ perspectives, focusing on service planning, implementation barriers, influential professional experiences, and differences across school stages. An explanatory sequential mixed-methods design was used. The quantitative sample included 256 teachers (64 male, 192 female): 152 primary, 80 middle, and 24 secondary teachers. Participants completed a researcher-developed questionnaire (2026). The qualitative sample comprised nine teachers purposively selected from survey respondents across five Saudi cities and interviewed remotely using semi-structured interviews until theoretical saturation was reached. Results indicated that planning and preparation of transitional services were perceived …

From Syntax To Semantics: An Agentic Rag Framework For Autonomous Iam Least Privilege Governance, Sameesh Bedi

Defensive Publications Series

Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM) is foundational to cloud security. Maintaining the principle of least privilege (PoLP) in complex cloud environments remains a significant challenge for modern enterprises.Tools like AWS IAM Access Analyzer are genuinely good at what they do: catching public access, unused permissions, anything a policy technically allows that it probably shouldn't. But "technically allowed" and "actually intended" are not the same question, and no amount of formal verification can answer the second one on its own. A permission can pass every reachability check a system throws at it and still contradict what the business actually approved …

Dual-Layer Factual Correction For Generative Speech Via Logit Masking And Acoustic Repair, Sundarrajan Raman

Defensive Publications Series

Generative speech-to-speech models operating in real-time conversational systems may produce deviations from ground-truth data. A system may address this using a dual-layer architecture for factual correction. A preventative layer can utilize dynamic factual-logit masking to guide a model's token generation towards verified data by applying a mask derived from a token prefix trie. A subsequent curative layer can function as an in-flight acoustic self-repair engine, which may use a lookahead audio buffer to audit synthesized speech and correct discrepancies before transmission to a user. This dual-layer method can improve the factual and mathematical integrity of generative voice systems while operating …

Dynamic Calibration Of Voice Activity Detection For Conversational Systems, Sundarrajan Raman

Defensive Publications Series

Conversational voice systems that use fixed silence timeouts for voice activity detection (VAD) may prematurely interrupt users who have speech dysfluencies or natural hesitations, potentially leading to incomplete inputs and erroneous system responses. Techniques are described for analyzing a mirrored audio stream in a parallel, out-of-band process to detect acoustic patterns indicative of speech dysfluency, for example, without adding substantial latency to the live conversation. Based on this real-time analysis, a calibration engine can calculate and apply an extended silence timeout for the user's active session. This dynamic, in-session adjustment of the VAD parameter may improve the likelihood that a …

Hybrid Visual Search With Collage-Based Batch Verification, N/A

Defensive Publications Series

Large-scale visual search systems can present a trade-off between search speed and accuracy. A technique to address this can include using a fast embedding search to generate potential candidates. Thumbnail images of a query subject and multiple candidates can then be programmatically arranged into a composite image, such as a collage. This collage may be sent with a textual prompt to a VLM for batch verification, for instance, in a single transaction. Such a collage-based approach can amortize the cost and latency of VLM analysis across multiple candidates, which can improve search accuracy by helping to filter false positives and …

Autonomous Vulnerability Reproduction Engine With Air-Gapped Llm Orchestration And Pre-Warmed Environments, N/A, N/A

Defensive Publications Series

The disclosed technology automates vulnerability reproduction using a multi-agent orchestration framework where specialized large language model agents parse vulnerability reports and generate execution plans. The framework stores these plans in a structured, declarative “cookbook” file, enabling deterministic and iterative processing. The system executes a proof-of-concept exploit within a bifurcated infrastructure, separating a staging environment with internet access from a fully air-gapped execution environment to ensure safety. An in-flight command interception middleware intercepts all model-generated shell commands to sanitize them and enforce security policies before execution. To support high-throughput operations, a pre-warmed environment pool manager reduces provisioning latency by providing access …

Kinematic-Based Predictive Filtering For Low-Latency Generative Ai, Prashanth Shanmuga Sundaram

Defensive Publications Series

Integrating generative artificial intelligence (AI) with interactive digital canvases, such as geospatial maps, can introduce high latency and computational costs, particularly during continuous user interactions like panning or zooming. The disclosed technology describes a system for kinematic-based predictive filtering. This system can monitor the kinematic properties of a user's navigational gesture, such as deceleration, to predict a potential final viewport before the interaction concludes. This prediction may allow a server to proactively cull a large master dataset into a smaller, contextually relevant subset for processing by a generative AI model. By performing data culling and AI inference in parallel with …

Real-Time Scoring And Visualization Of Span-Level Confidence For Generated Text, Pankaj Kumar

Defensive Publications Series

A described technology can implement a real-time confidence scoring pipeline that operates concurrently with a model's text generation process. This system can analyze internal model signals, for example, logit entropy, hidden state activations, and retrieval-augmented generation grounding, to calculate a factual confidence score for discrete spans of text. The scores can then be used by a user interface on a computing device (e.g., a smartphone, laptop, or wearable device) to apply visual treatments, such as color-coded highlighting or interactive tooltips, which can provide users with granular, real-time feedback on the potential reliability of the generated content.

The Acoustic-To-Action Commitment Gate For Multimodal Output Verification., Sundarrajan Raman

Defensive Publications Series

A described technology can provide an acoustic-to-action commitment gate that can operate as a verification layer. A system may function by intercepting a structured data payload, such as an application programming interface call, and its corresponding audio confirmation before execution. An acoustic verifier can analyze the audio to extract key entities, which can then be compared to parameters in the data payload for semantic equivalence. This process of cross-modal verification may improve the reliability and integrity of automated, voice-driven systems, for example, in environments involving sensitive transactions.

Predictive And Safety-Aware Token Routing For Vision Transformer Pipelines, Idan Kligvasser, Moshe Kimhi, Yotam Intrator, Ehud Rivlin, Regev Cohen

Defensive Publications Series

The computational cost of vision transformers (ViTs) can be a limitation for resource constrained systems. A predictive, dual-stream token routing system can dynamically route visual data tokens by combining top-down predictive information, such as a planned future trajectory, with a bottom-up, real-time analysis of the visual scene to detect anomalies. Based on this fused information, tokens can be selectively directed to a full-resolution processing pathway or a context-preserving compression pathway. This approach may reduce the computational load of ViT pipelines while supporting the preservation of information related to safety awareness, temporal stability, and overall scene context.

الإجتهاد اللبناني, Poej

Proche-Orient, Études juridiques

No abstract provided.

مسألة المقاصة بين حساب الإدّخار وحسابات المدّخر الأخرى, ميشال سمراني

Proche-Orient, Études juridiques

No abstract provided.

وثيقة الوفاق الوطني وتعديل الدستور, إدمون رباط

Proche-Orient, Études juridiques

No abstract provided.

Réflexions À L’Occasion Des Arrêts De La Cour D’Appel Du Mont-Liban Du 14 Avril 1992 Et De La Cour De Cassation Du 9 Juillet 1992 Relatifs Aux Clauses Attributives De Compétence En Droit International Privé Libanais, Nasri Antoine Diab

Proche-Orient, Études juridiques

No abstract provided.

Législateurs Déguisés En Juges Ou Fidèles Serviteurs De La Loi?, Michel Halbecq S.J.

Proche-Orient, Études juridiques

No abstract provided.

Les Effets Du Jugement Étranger Invoqué Indépendamment De L'Exequatur, Abdo Ghossoub

Proche-Orient, Études juridiques

No abstract provided.

La Lex Mercatoria : Mythe Et Réalité, Walid Kassir

Proche-Orient, Études juridiques

No abstract provided.

In Memoriam Louis Boyer, Ibrahim Najjar

Proche-Orient, Études juridiques

No abstract provided.

In Memoriam Jean Chevallier, Pierre Gannagé

Proche-Orient, Études juridiques

No abstract provided.

Avant-Propos, Ibrahim Najjar

Proche-Orient, Études juridiques

No abstract provided.

Molecular Prevalence And Determinants Of Adenovirus And Norovirus Among Diarrhoeic Children In Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeria, Mutiat Busayo Odebisi-Omokanye, Suleiman Muhammed Mustapha, Mariam Kehinde Sulaiman, Augustine Okechukwu Udeze, Abdulbasit Bolaji Ajibade

Maaen Journal for Medical Sciences

Viral gastroenteritis remains a major public health concern and a leading cause of morbidity among children under five worldwide. Adenovirus (Adv) and Norovirus (Nv) are important etiological agents, yet data on their prevalence and determinants in North-central Nigeria are limited. A cross-sectional study involving 100 children under 5 years with acute diarrhoea was conducted at the Children’s Specialist Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State between February to December, 2024. Virus detection was performed using qPCR, while a semi-structured questionnaire collected sociodemographic and environmental data. Associations were analyzed using chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression. Adenovirus prevalence was high (71%), while Norovirus GI …

Efficacy Of Submucosal Hydrocortisone Injection Versus Normal Saline In Third Molar Surgery, Lana Saeed Abdul Sada, Sabah Abdul Rasool Hammoodi

Maaen Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: It is well recognized that corticosteroids lessen edema, fluid transudation, and inflammation. These substances, which are released by the adrenal glands, are important for sustaining metabolism. Their anti-inflammatory properties are among their most important functions.

Methodology: A double-blind, randomized, controlled study. Twenty patients requiring surgical removal impacted third molar participated in the trial. The patients were split into two groups of 10 at random: Group I received a submucosal injection of hydrocortisone, and following the establishment of local anesthetic, Group II (the placebo group) was given a submucosal injection of normal saline. Postoperative sequelae were assessed on the second …

Bioactive Resin-Based Composites For Direct Posterior Restorations: A Contemporary Narrative Review, Ruaa Neamah Muslim, Ghadeer Shakir Shabaa, Wasan Abdulridha Hasan

Maaen Journal for Medical Sciences

Background and Rationale: Failure of dental restorations due to secondary caries remains one of the common problems in restorative dentistry. In order to solve the shortcomings of conventional bioinert materials, bioactive composite resins have recently been developed, allowing fluoride, calcium, and phosphate ion delivery as well as reducing the acidic activity of biofilm.

Aim of the Review: This literature review evaluates chemistry, mechanisms of action, clinical effectiveness, and physical handling properties of resin-based bioactive materials used for direct posterior restoration in permanent dentition.

Material Categories Examined: This literature review includes such material categories as resin-modified glass ionomers, S-PRG-giomers …

Fmea Reveals Ppe Noncompliance As The Priority Grinding Machine Accident Risk In An Indonesian Vocational School Workshop, Salman Fawwas Albaihaqi, Marsono Marsono, Imam Muhtarom, Mingchang Wu

Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, dan Pengembangan

Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) in vocational school workshops represents an urgent priority given that students interact directly with high-risk equipment such as grinding machines, yet often demonstrate low compliance with safety protocols. This research aims to identify failure modes on grinding machines in SMKN 1 Jenangan workshop and formulate evidence-based risk control recommendations. A quantitative descriptive approach using Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) was employed, involving 10 purposively selected respondents (practical instructors and technicians). The research instrument was validated using Content Validity Index (CVI) by three experts in occupational safety and mechanical engineering. Results identified 15 failure modes …

Role Of Oxidative Stress In Male And Female Infertility: Pathophysiology, Molecular Mechanisms, Diagnosis, And Therapeutic Perspectives., Saud N.A.

Maaen Journal for Medical Sciences

Infertility is a multifaceted reproductive disorder that affects about 15% of couples and constitutes a significant health burden with medical, psychological and socioeconomic implications. Historically, infertility has been linked to anatomical, hormonal and genetic defects; however, recent research has shown that oxidative stress is a key factor in the pathophysiology of male and female infertility. Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can interfere with spermatogenesis, inhibit oocyte maturation and cause DNA damage, resulting in impaired embryo quality. Further, oxidative stress has been implicated in mitochondrial dysfunction, activation of apoptosis and inflammatory pathways such as nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and nuclear …

Pre-Procedural State Anxiety In Patients Scheduled For Colonoscopy, Zahraa Kareem Mansoor Al-Saady, Mohammed Hakim Shamran Al-Hchaim

Maaen Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: Anxiety is a common issue among patients undergoing invasive medical procedures such as colonoscopy because of concerns regarding the procedure itself and its possible results. High levels of anxiety can negatively affect patient readiness and cooperation during the examination, thereby influencing the quality and outcome of the procedure.

Study objective: To assess the prevalence and severity of pre-procedural anxiety among patients scheduled for colonoscopy and examine the association between socio-demographic and clinical characteristics and anxiety levels.

Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed to collect data from patients undergoing colonoscopy. A validated and comprehensive questionnaire tailored for individuals …

Effects Of A Program Promoting Advance Care Planning And Reducing Death Anxiety Among Thai Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Thanarak Boonkerd, Yaowarat Matchim, Pattharawin Pattharanitima, Saowalak Khakhong

Journal of Health Research

Background: Patients on hemodialysis face severe physical and psychological strain, including death anxiety. Guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior, we assessed a program to increase patients’ intention to engage in advance care planning (ACP) and reduce death anxiety.

Methods: In a single-blind randomized controlled trial at a tertiary-care hospital in Thailand, patients were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group (n = 33, each group). The intervention comprised a 2-week ACP promotion program including an educational video, a discussion card game, and individualized counseling. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, immediately after the intervention (Week 2), and …

Role Of Perceived Control Over Falls In Older Adults, Kanjanaporn Tantrongphak, Kanthee Anantapong, Duangporn Suriyaamarit

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Falls among older adults constitute a significant public health challenge, often leading to severe physical injuries, reduced independence, and a diminished quality of life. Perceived control, a critical psychological construct, plays a significant role in sustaining physical health, cognitive function, and overall life satisfaction and is strongly associated with positive health outcomes. This review aims to examine the role of perceived control in fall risk among older adults. Concern about falling (CaF) is a prevalent psychological factor that influences fall risk by impacting behaviors linked to physical activity, balance, and adaptive responses. Perceived control theory provides a framework for understanding …

Antibiotic Resistance Genes In Diabetic Foot Ulcer Microbiomes: Molecular Mechanisms And Clinical Management Strategies, Fitra Adi Prayogo

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) affect 19-34% of diabetic patients lifetime, representing a major global health burden with over 18 million cases annually. The polymicrobial nature of DFU infections, combined with emerging antibiotic resistance genes, poses unprecedented clinical management challenges. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) prevalence reaches 84% and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae exceeds 50% in some regions, creating urgent therapeutic concerns.

Objective(s): This comprehensive review examines current understanding of microbial communities in diabetic foot ulcers and their associated resistome, analyzing molecular mechanisms underlying antibiotic resistance and clinical implications to identify evidence-based management strategies.

Methods: A narrative review approach was …