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Intraoperative Cortical Localization Of Music And Language Reveals Signatures Of Structural Complexity In Posterior Temporal Cortex, Cale W Morse Jul 2023

Intraoperative Cortical Localization Of Music And Language Reveals Signatures Of Structural Complexity In Posterior Temporal Cortex, Cale W Morse

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Language and music involve the productive combination of basic units into structures. It remains unclear whether brain regions sensitive to linguistic and musical structure are co-localized. We report an intraoperative awake craniotomy in which a left-hemispheric language-dominant professional musician underwent cortical stimulation mapping (CSM) and electrocorticography of music and language perception and production during repetition tasks. Musical sequences were melodic or amelodic, and differed in algorithmic compressibility (Lempel-Ziv complexity). Auditory recordings of sentences differed in syntactic complexity (single vs. multiple phrasal embeddings). CSM of posterior superior temporal gyrus (pSTG) disrupted music perception and production, along with speech production. pSTG and …

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Do Not Forget Them, Steve Minton Jul 2023

Do Not Forget Them, Steve Minton

School of Psychology

Thousands of Indigenous children suffered and died in residential ‘schools’ around the world. Their stories must be heard.

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Single-Cell Chromatin Accessibility Profiling Of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Reveals Heterogeneous Lineage Composition Upon Therapy-Resistance, Katarzyna Tomczak, Praveen Barrodia, Shaoheng Liang, Ken Chen, Linghua Wang, Zhongming Zhao, Kunal Rai, Abhinav K Jain, John Dick, Naval Daver, Andy Futreal, Hussein A Abbas Jul 2023

Single-Cell Chromatin Accessibility Profiling Of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Reveals Heterogeneous Lineage Composition Upon Therapy-Resistance, Katarzyna Tomczak, Praveen Barrodia, Shaoheng Liang, Ken Chen, Linghua Wang, Zhongming Zhao, Kunal Rai, Abhinav K Jain, John Dick, Naval Daver, Andy Futreal, Hussein A Abbas

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by high rate of therapy resistance. Since the cell of origin can impact response to therapy, it is crucial to understand the lineage composition of AML cells at time of therapy resistance. Here we leverage single-cell chromatin accessibility profiling of 22 AML bone marrow aspirates from eight patients at time of therapy resistance and following subsequent therapy to characterize their lineage landscape. Our findings reveal a complex lineage architecture of therapy-resistant AML cells that are primed for stem and progenitor lineages and spanning quiescent, activated and late stem cell/progenitor states. Remarkably, …

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Pragmatic, Randomized, Blinded Trial To Shorten Pharmacologic Treatment Of Newborns With Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome (Nows), Alan Simon, Jessica Snowden, Claudia Pedroza, Barry Lester, Barry Eggleston, Drew Bremer, Elisabeth Mcgowan Jul 2023

Pragmatic, Randomized, Blinded Trial To Shorten Pharmacologic Treatment Of Newborns With Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome (Nows), Alan Simon, Jessica Snowden, Claudia Pedroza, Barry Lester, Barry Eggleston, Drew Bremer, Elisabeth Mcgowan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The incidence of maternal opioid use in the USA has increased substantially since 2000. As a consequence of opioid use during pregnancy, the incidence of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) has increased fivefold between 2002 and 2012. Pharmacological therapy is indicated when signs of NOWS cannot be controlled, and the objective of pharmacological therapy is to control NOWS signs. Once pharmacologic therapy has started, there is great variability in strategies to wean infants. An important rationale for studying weaning of pharmacological treatment for NOWS is that weaning represents the longest time interval of drug treatment. Stopping medications too early …

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Blood Flow Restriction As A Potential Therapy To Restore Physical Function Following Covid-19 Infection, Isaac J. Wedig, John J. Durocher, John Mcdaniel, Steve Elmer Jul 2023

Blood Flow Restriction As A Potential Therapy To Restore Physical Function Following Covid-19 Infection, Isaac J. Wedig, John J. Durocher, John Mcdaniel, Steve Elmer

Michigan Tech Publications

Accumulating evidence indicates that some COVID-19 survivors display reduced muscle mass, muscle strength, and aerobic capacity, which contribute to impairments in physical function that can persist for months after the acute phase of illness. Accordingly, strategies to restore muscle mass, muscle strength, and aerobic capacity following infection are critical to mitigate the long-term consequences of COVID-19. Blood flow restriction (BFR), which involves the application of mechanical compression to the limbs, presents a promising therapy that could be utilized throughout different phases of COVID-19 illness. Specifically, we hypothesize that: 1) use of passive BFR modalities can mitigate losses of muscle mass …

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Slow-Wave Modulation Analysis During States Of Unconsciousness Using The Novel Tau-Modulation Method, Tao Xie, Zehan Wu, Thomas J Foutz, Xinjun Sheng, Xiangyang Zhu, Eric C Leuthardt, Jon T Willie, Liang Chen, Peter Brunner Jul 2023

Slow-Wave Modulation Analysis During States Of Unconsciousness Using The Novel Tau-Modulation Method, Tao Xie, Zehan Wu, Thomas J Foutz, Xinjun Sheng, Xiangyang Zhu, Eric C Leuthardt, Jon T Willie, Liang Chen, Peter Brunner

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

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Kappa Opioid Receptor Activation Increases Thermogenic Energy Expenditure Which Drives Increased Feeding, Aaron L Cone, Kenny K Wu, Alexxai V Kravitz, Aaron J Norris Jul 2023

Kappa Opioid Receptor Activation Increases Thermogenic Energy Expenditure Which Drives Increased Feeding, Aaron L Cone, Kenny K Wu, Alexxai V Kravitz, Aaron J Norris

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Opioid receptors, including the kappa opioid receptor (KOR), exert control over thermoregulation and feeding behavior. Notably, activation of KOR stimulates food intake, leading to postulation that KOR signaling plays a central role in managing energy intake. KOR has also been proposed as a target for treating obesity. Herein, we report studies examining how roles for KOR signaling in regulating thermogenesis, feeding, and energy balance may be interrelated using pharmacological interventions, genetic tools, quantitative thermal imaging, and metabolic profiling. Our findings demonstrate that activation of KOR in the central nervous system causes increased energy expenditure via brown adipose tissue activation. Importantly, …

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Comparison Of Dna Vaccines With As03 As An Adjuvant And An Mrna Vaccine Against Sars-Cov-2, Navid Sobhani, George Udeani, Yong Li Jul 2023

Comparison Of Dna Vaccines With As03 As An Adjuvant And An Mrna Vaccine Against Sars-Cov-2, Navid Sobhani, George Udeani, Yong Li

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2 call for frequent changes in vaccine antigens. Nucleic acid-based vaccination strategies are superior as the coding sequences can be easily altered with little impact on downstream production. mRNA vaccines, including variant-specific boosters, are approved for SARS-CoV-2. Here, we tested the efficacy of DNA vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 Spike aided by the AddaS03 adjuvant using electroporation and compared their immunogenicity with an approved mRNA vaccine (mRNA-1273). DNA vaccination elicited robust humoral and cellular immune responses in C57BL/6 mice with Spike-specific antibody neutralization and T cells produced from 20 μg DNA vaccines similar to that from 0.5 μg …

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Memory Rescue And Learning In Synaptic Impaired Neuronal Circuits Jul 2023

Memory Rescue And Learning In Synaptic Impaired Neuronal Circuits

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Neuronal impairment is a characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but its effect on neural activity dynamics underlying memory deficits is unclear. Here, we studied the effects of synaptic impairment on neural activities associated with memory recall, memory rescue, and learning a new memory, in an integrate-and-fire neuronal network. Our results showed that reducing connectivity decreases the neuronal synchronization of memory neurons and impairs memory recall performance. Although, slow-gamma stimulation rescued memory recall and slow-gamma oscillations, the rescue caused a side effect of activating mixed memories. During the learning of a new memory, reducing connectivity caused impairment in storing the new …

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Itag An Optimized Imid-Induced Degron For Targeted Protein Degradation In Human And Murine Cells, Elizabeth A Bowling, Cheyenne Calderon, John J Caldwell, Brinley Harrington, Angela Hayes, P Craig Mcandrew, Costas Mitsopoulos, Fernando Jr Sialana, Andrea Scarpino, Mark Stubbs, Arjun Thapaliya, Siddhartha Tyagi, Hannah Z Wang, Francesca Wood, Rosemary Burke, Florence Raynaud, Jyoti Choudhary, Rob L M Van Montfort, Amine Sadok, Thomas F Westbrook, Ian Collins, Rajesh Chopra Jul 2023

Itag An Optimized Imid-Induced Degron For Targeted Protein Degradation In Human And Murine Cells, Elizabeth A Bowling, Cheyenne Calderon, John J Caldwell, Brinley Harrington, Angela Hayes, P Craig Mcandrew, Costas Mitsopoulos, Fernando Jr Sialana, Andrea Scarpino, Mark Stubbs, Arjun Thapaliya, Siddhartha Tyagi, Hannah Z Wang, Francesca Wood, Rosemary Burke, Florence Raynaud, Jyoti Choudhary, Rob L M Van Montfort, Amine Sadok, Thomas F Westbrook, Ian Collins, Rajesh Chopra

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

To address the limitation associated with degron based systems, we have developed iTAG, a synthetic tag based on IMiDs/CELMoDs mechanism of action that improves and addresses the limitations of both PROTAC and previous IMiDs/CeLMoDs based tags. Using structural and sequence analysis, we systematically explored native and chimeric degron containing domains (DCDs) and evaluated their ability to induce degradation. We identified the optimal chimeric iTAG(DCD23 60aa) that elicits robust degradation of targets across cell types and subcellular localizations without exhibiting the well documented "hook effect" of PROTAC-based systems. We showed that iTAG can also induce target degradation by murine CRBN and …

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A Daily Investigation Of The Recovery Paradox: Examining The Dynamic Interplay Of Workload, Recovery Experiences, And Microbreaks, Morgan Rose Taylor Jul 2023

A Daily Investigation Of The Recovery Paradox: Examining The Dynamic Interplay Of Workload, Recovery Experiences, And Microbreaks, Morgan Rose Taylor

Dissertations and Theses

Research has highlighted the importance of recovery from work stress during non-work time for employee health and wellbeing. Building on the recovery from work stress literature, this study examines the recovery paradox which suggests that employees may recover from work demands the least when they need it the most. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to shed light on the mechanisms underlying the recovery paradox. Specifically, this study examined whether a common work stressor, workload in the morning, is indirectly related to poorer recovery experiences in the evening through negative states at the end of workday. Furthermore, this study …

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Accent Adjustment Based On Spoken Feedback, Keith Griffin Jul 2023

Accent Adjustment Based On Spoken Feedback, Keith Griffin

Defensive Publications Series

In some instances, such as for online video conferences, call center interactions, etc., it can be difficult to understand what someone is saying based on their accent. Presented herein is a solution through which natural language processing (NLP) can be utilized to facilitate an accent detector that can determine a problematic accent intent and adjust a speaker's accent by adjusting and normalizing the speaker's speech to a more relatable accent of a person with whom the speaker is communicating.

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Back Cover, Maria Cruz Jul 2023

Back Cover, Maria Cruz

McNair Research Journal SJSU

No abstract provided.

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A Cost-Effective And Smart Sensing Tissue-Like Testbed For Surgical Training, Lysette Zaragoza Jul 2023

A Cost-Effective And Smart Sensing Tissue-Like Testbed For Surgical Training, Lysette Zaragoza

McNair Research Journal SJSU

A low-cost tissue-like testbed with six nodes of varying stiffness was developed for surgical training to provide pressure and force feedback data through image reception to human operators. Using SolidWorks, a 3D model of the box trainer housing was created. A pad for the distribution of smartsensing nodes and microcontroller connections was designed with open spaces for the respective components. The pad was 3D-printed with PLA filament. Flat piezoelectric pressure sensors were fabricated with conductive materials and velostat sensor material. Using static and dynamic analyses, three top sensors were chosen to be used in three pressure sensing nodes. A calibration …

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The Red Ribbon And The Black Cross: A Qualitative Study Of The Relationship Between Social Activism And Contemporary Black Church Responses To Hiv In Oakland, Ca, Justise Wattree Jul 2023

The Red Ribbon And The Black Cross: A Qualitative Study Of The Relationship Between Social Activism And Contemporary Black Church Responses To Hiv In Oakland, Ca, Justise Wattree

McNair Research Journal SJSU

The Black Church as a social institution has been a source of social activism during racial crises, but there is a lacking social activist response by Black churches to HIV’s disparate impact on Black communities. Previous research does not adequately explore the influence of community-based organizations on Black church responses to HIV in the context of social activism. This study examines the relationship between social activism and contemporary Black church responses to HIV in Oakland. It considers community-based organizations (CBOs) as potential drivers of social activism. Semi-structured interviews with Black church leaders in Oakland were conducted and content analyzed along …

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#Existenceisresistance: Black Spartans Exhibition, Yeab Kebede Jul 2023

#Existenceisresistance: Black Spartans Exhibition, Yeab Kebede

McNair Research Journal SJSU

This research paper explores the intersection of art and social justice, with a specific focus on the Black Spartans (1907-1948) Exhibit that showcased 19 Black students who attended San José State University from 1907 to 1948. The paper argues that art, in the form of visual representation, can serve as a powerful tool to address social injustices and provide a platform for underrepresented voices to be heard. By examining the Black Spartans exhibit, the paper highlights the significance of representation and how it can contribute to social justice movements. The paper also analyzes the impact of the exhibit on the …

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The Effects Of Exercise On The Mental Wellness Of Children (Ages 3-6), Reem Farhat Jul 2023

The Effects Of Exercise On The Mental Wellness Of Children (Ages 3-6), Reem Farhat

McNair Research Journal SJSU

When it comes to mental health, young children are often not researched and their tantrums or mood swings are not taken seriously, when in reality these small behavioral issues could be pointing to a larger issue. Children are the most overlooked when it comes to mental health diagnosis and treatment, unless the child begins to display extreme behavior (Philpott et al., 2019). However, preventative mental health care is arguably more pragmatic and less taboo than diagnosis and treatment. While there is research to support the use of exercise in mental wellness, there is still not enough done within the children …

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Understanding Our Airways: How Lung Structure And Function Is Impacted By Respiratory Infections And Immune Responses, Katherine Coll Jul 2023

Understanding Our Airways: How Lung Structure And Function Is Impacted By Respiratory Infections And Immune Responses, Katherine Coll

McNair Research Journal SJSU

Understanding the underlying functions and interplaying systems that make up the respiratory system is a crucial step in the research and development of treatments for respiratory illnesses. In this literature review, I explore the complex biochemical processes that occur in the pulmonary epithelium and endothelium. As epithelial and endothelial cells serve a multitude of functions such as host protection and nutrient regulation, discussing the interplay between these cells and intercellular junctions and their immediate impact on the respiratory system is essential to understanding the impact of respiratory dysfunctions and diseases. This review further examines the different types of intercellular junctions …

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The Impact Of Culture On Health Perceptions And Help-Seeking Behaviors Among Older Latinos With Co-Occurring Diabetes And Depression: A Literature Review, Alejandra M. Aguirre Jul 2023

The Impact Of Culture On Health Perceptions And Help-Seeking Behaviors Among Older Latinos With Co-Occurring Diabetes And Depression: A Literature Review, Alejandra M. Aguirre

McNair Research Journal SJSU

Diabetes is one of the most common health disparities in the United States today and disproportionately affects older Latino populations. Increased recognition of the bidirectional relationship between diabetes and mental health has led to more awareness and treatments for diabetes and depression. Despite high prevalence rates, diabetes and depression are commonly undiagnosed and untreated in older Latinos. Existing literature reports that factors including genetic and behavioral factors, low socioeconomic status (SES), limited healthcare access, and language barriers may prevent this population from seeking professional treatment. Prior research also suggests that culturally based stigma toward these conditions can negatively impact health …

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Front Matter, Maria Cruz Jul 2023

Front Matter, Maria Cruz

McNair Research Journal SJSU

No abstract provided.

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Full Issue Jul 2023

Full Issue

McNair Research Journal SJSU

No abstract provided.

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Language Was My Home: I Had It In My Mind - But Not On My Tongue (Grappling With Aphasia), Corinne Othenin-Girard Jul 2023

Language Was My Home: I Had It In My Mind - But Not On My Tongue (Grappling With Aphasia), Corinne Othenin-Girard

Amplify: A Journal of Writing-as-Activism

Language was my home. I had a prolonged aphasic speech and writing block. Felt as if I was in exile. I slowly fought my way back amongst the ‘language owners’. Because of my funny stroke-induced accent, people tend to treat me like a foreigner. I began to write lyrics and prose to improve my language ability and also to show ‘them’, as well as myself, that I can do it. And that I can say again: language is my home.

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A Student Bill Of Rights, Balkhiis Noor, Olivia Monestime, Julia Hines, David Peterson Del Mar Jul 2023

A Student Bill Of Rights, Balkhiis Noor, Olivia Monestime, Julia Hines, David Peterson Del Mar

Amplify: A Journal of Writing-as-Activism

This Student Bill of Rights was created by two sections of Immigration, Migration, and Belonging, a year-long Freshman Inquiry class largely composed of students from under-represented backgrounds.

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"Where Is Your Accent From?": The Voice Of My Identity, Robert Northman Jul 2023

"Where Is Your Accent From?": The Voice Of My Identity, Robert Northman

Amplify: A Journal of Writing-as-Activism

This essay probes the role of language in how it contributes to the construct of one's identity. The author discusses lived experiences centered on the the perceptions of accented English that is actually African American Vernacular English. The essay explores how these experiences were formed and how they developed over the course of the author's lifetime. The author also discusses ways in which language has caused both comfort and conflict, and provides a glimpse into a unique perspective that can contribute to a greater understanding of the power and importance of language.

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People And Power: Person-First Language Usage And The Criminal Justice System, Casey E. Orr Jul 2023

People And Power: Person-First Language Usage And The Criminal Justice System, Casey E. Orr

Amplify: A Journal of Writing-as-Activism

Language is power. Word choice and terminology, especially those referring to people, are expressions of societal norms and institutional power. Dehumanizing crime-first terms and labels are abundant and common in criminal justice contexts despite being protested by system-involved individuals and activists. Instead, many advocate for person-first terms wherein identifying language emphasizes an individual’s humanity. With a peace-focused anthropological framework, this paper presents the case for person-first language in criminal justice contexts. It is evident that adopting first-person language usage regarding the criminal justice system is necessary after analyzing and considering the multiple sources, such as the voices of those who …

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Using Queer Of Color Theory To Analyze Latinidad, Maria I. Castro-Mendoza Jul 2023

Using Queer Of Color Theory To Analyze Latinidad, Maria I. Castro-Mendoza

Amplify: A Journal of Writing-as-Activism

Queer of Color Theory (QOCT) has emerged as a new field of study with the rise of LGBTQ+ visibility in the modern day political landscape. QOCT is an extended analysis of queer theory that explicitly and intentionally takes into account race, imperialism, and colonialism. Queer of color theory can be used to create or expand upon an already existing theory, and has roots in Black feminism. Using queer of color theory as a method of analysis, this essay discusses the black and indigenous erasure within the Latinidad movement and seeks to examine those who have been systemically left out of …

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A Message From The Editors, Rhiannon M. Cates, Vicki L. Reitenauer Jul 2023

A Message From The Editors, Rhiannon M. Cates, Vicki L. Reitenauer

Amplify: A Journal of Writing-as-Activism

An introduction from the founding co-editors to the second issue of Amplify: A Journal of Writing-as-Activism: Volume 2, Issue 1: So to Speak.

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Review: Teaching Stem To First Generation College Students: A Guidebook For Faculty And Future Faculty By Gail Horowitz, Jessica S. Robbins Jul 2023

Review: Teaching Stem To First Generation College Students: A Guidebook For Faculty And Future Faculty By Gail Horowitz, Jessica S. Robbins

Early College Folio

Book Review: Gail Horowitz’s Teaching STEM to First Generation College Students: A Guidebook for Faculty and Future Faculty (Information Age Publishing, 2019). Horowitz taught chemistry at Bard High School Early College Newark.

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Artist Into An Educator—Educator Inside An Artist, Raheela Qabool Abro Ms Jul 2023

Artist Into An Educator—Educator Inside An Artist, Raheela Qabool Abro Ms

Early College Folio

This study is a self-investigation of the author's identity by exploring her two professions: an artist as well as an art educator. Her insights as an educator provided a background for her as an artist through the production of this series of miniature artworks created with cell phone SIM cards. A SIM card, which stands for “Subscriber Identification Module,” contains information tied to the identity of the individual using it. For this reason, the author chose it as a medium for creating an art series to represent identity. In the dialogue of artist and educator, Abro confronts changes to the …

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Teaching Food Studies In Early College: Experiments In Collaboration, Cynthia Brown, Maryann Tebben Jul 2023

Teaching Food Studies In Early College: Experiments In Collaboration, Cynthia Brown, Maryann Tebben

Early College Folio

This article outlines the process of designing and teaching a collaborative course on sustainable food and agriculture on multiple campuses at once, including two early college institutions. The authors offer insights on the specific elements of the course they designed as well as methods for designing the course, what worked in practice, and what they would change. This article will be useful for faculty who would like to work with other early college colleagues to plan a collaborative course in general or a specific course on sustainable food and farms.

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