Digital Commons Network^™

Multi-User Spatial Synchronization Using Object Relationship Maps, Ashish Singh, Ahmet Cengiz Öztireli

Defensive Publications Series

Aligning shared virtual spaces across multiple devices can involve transmitting raw image data to remote servers, increasing network bandwidth and power consumption. To address these issues, a method is disclosed for spatial synchronization using object relationship maps. A first device may detect physical objects within an environment and determine spatial relationships, such as relative distances and directions, between the detected objects. The first device can generate a file containing object classifications and the spatial relationships. The relationship map can be transmitted via a local connection to a second device. The second device may match the received spatial relationships with locally …

Method And System For Dynamically Repositioning Virtual Content In Augmented Reality Systems During Conversations, Ashish Singh, Ahmet Cengiz Öztireli

Defensive Publications Series

Users interacting with head-wearable augmented reality (AR) devices frequently experience virtual content clutter, such as incoming notifications, application windows, or video feeds overlaying their primary field of view. When a user engages in a face-to-face social interaction while wearing head-wearable devices, this virtual content can inadvertently obstruct the user's direct line of sight to the conversation partner's face and upper body. This obstruction disrupts natural eye contact and non-verbal communication cues, creating social disconnect and distraction. Furthermore, relying on manual hand gestures to adjust or reposition virtual content is cumbersome and interrupts conversational flow.

The disclosed technology describes a conversation-aware …

Dynamic Context-Aware Safety-Optimized Routing And Emergency Infrastructure Mapping In Mobile Navigation Systems, Arti Prasad

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes a system, method, and graphical user interface for context-aware safety navigation and emergency infrastructure mapping. Traditional routing engines optimize strictly for travel time or shortest spatial distance, which can route vehicles through narrow, dark, or hazardous shortcuts to save negligible amounts of time. The disclosed system addresses this by incorporating a dynamic composite safety cost function that adds safety-related penalties, such as road classification, street illumination, lane width, and pavement quality, to estimate a cost to the route. To ensure the route remains practical, a bounded maximum-estimated time of arrival (“ETA”) tradeoff engine restricts the safety-optimized path …

Atomic Settlement Of Declarative Intents Across Heterogeneous Financial Networks, Sree Sitamahalakshmi Moguluru

Defensive Publications Series

Value exchange across heterogeneous financial networks can be challenged by fragmentation, latency, and a lack of atomic settlement capabilities. A system and method are described for autonomous value settlement using a declarative, intent-based protocol that can function as an orchestration layer. A user’s desired financial outcome, for example, can be encapsulated in a cryptographically signed data object. This object may be processed by a decentralized network of competitive solver nodes that can determine a potential execution path across disparate financial networks, such as traditional banking systems and distributed ledgers. An atomic settlement engine could then coordinate the transaction using a …

Multi-Tiered System For Operational Telemetry Analysis And Governed Roadmap Reconciliation, Parnika Singhal

Defensive Publications Series

Enterprise operations can be impeded by procedural friction and unmeasured work resulting from fragmented software tools, as conventional feedback methods may lack sufficient granularity and a mechanism for accountability. A multi-tiered system is described that can identify, quantify, and analyze sources of this friction. The system could employ a context-aware telemetry engine to capture user feedback enriched with organizational data, and a semantic classification engine to categorize unstructured comments using natural language processing. The resulting structured data can be used in a closed-loop governance process to route categorized friction signals to designated owner teams. This can provide a mechanism to …

Agent-To-Map Protocol: High-Throughput Spatial Vector Streaming For Ai Agents With Double-Buffered Synchronization, Arjun Vijayvargiya

Defensive Publications Series

The agent-to-map (A2Map) Protocol streams high-frequency geospatial vector data from remote large language model (LLM) agents to interactive client viewports through a distributed architecture. A remote LLM agent generates spatial updates, which a coordinate compression engine converts into token-compact serialized representations using techniques such as variable-length ASCII polyline encoding before streaming. A client-side spatial runtime receives these incremental delta packets and applies them to an offline, double-buffered virtual map state tree. The runtime atomically commits snapshots of the state tree to a single, hardware-accelerated canvas overlay synchronized with the display’s refresh rate, achieving smooth rendering without engaging the document object …

Split View: Scroll-Driven Map Synchronization With Resizable Panels, Irene Shih, Cardin Moffett, Annette Leong

Defensive Publications Series

A system and method are described for dynamically synchronizing a map display with a scrollable information panel on a user interface. As a user scrolls vertically through the information panel, which contains a narrative or a list of locations, the system automatically updates the map. This update includes panning and zooming the map’s viewport to frame the location currently in view within the panel and highlighting the corresponding point of interest (POI) pin, route, and/or area of focus on the map. a user manually sets an arbitrary height for the information panel by dragging a handle, which adjusts the display …

Monocular Edge-Based Road Hazard Detection With Covariance-Weighted Spatiotemporal Clustering And Frustum Temporal Decay, Richa Gupta

Defensive Publications Series

An edge road hazard classifier processes monocular camera video to detect and localize physical road surface anomalies. The system calculates the relative distance offset of a detected hazard using inverse perspective mapping (IPM). To estimate hazard depth, the system combines structure from motion (SfM) and a monocular depth estimation network. The hazard classifier bundles these measurement values into a metadata packet for transmission to a dynamic map ingestion engine. The map ingestion engine normalizes differences in sensor noise with a spatial covariance error matrix and groups overlapping reports using spatiotemporal HDBSCAN (ST-HDBSCAN). An extended Kalman filter (EKF) synthesizes the grouped …

Comment On “Advancing Lipid Management: Saudi Heart Association Position Statement On Pcsk9-Targeted Therapies In The Primary And Secondary Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease”, Ali Faris Altebainawi

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

No abstract provided.

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

No abstract provided.

Twinning Behavior Of Molecule-Adapted Gaussian-Type Orbitals (Gtos) In Cyclo-Hydrocarbons, Tong-Hyok Cha, Gum-Chol Kim, Kwang-Jin Ri, Jin-Nam Kim, Yong-Su Pak

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The saturated cyclo-hydrocarbons CnH2n (n = 3–7) were constructed by the iterative coupling of the structural unit groups (SUGs), specifically the SUG-CH2C2 fragment, which was previously established for molecular basis optimization. For the McLean–Chandler 6-311+G basis set, under the SUG perturbation, the outer (s′, p′) and diffuse (sʺ, pʺ) primitive Gaussian type orbitals for the core-atom C* of SUG-CH2C2 undergo an off-center spatial displacement into a twinning configuration. Specifically, the s-type twins (s′, sʺ) share identical Gaussian exponents and are symmetrically shifted toward the two neighboring carbon atoms, while the p-type twins (p′, pʺ) exhibit a matching configuration. Generally, this …

Phytochemical Characterization, Cytotoxic Effects, And Potential Oxidative Dna Damage-Modulating Activities Of Arum Italicum Extract, Oznour Mourat Moustafa, Hülya Yağar

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Arum italicum is traditionally utilized in the Thrace region for the treatment of hepatic and dermatological disorders; however, experimental evidence supporting these ethnopharmacological applications remains limited. As oxidative stress-induced DNA damage is an important contributor to the pathogenesis of liver and skin diseases, the aim in the present study was to investigate the ability of A. italicum leaf and tuber extracts to modulate oxidative DNA damage in vitro using nontumorigenic and cancerous hepatic and cutaneous cell models. Phytochemical profiling, antioxidant capacity, and cytotoxic activity were also assessed to support and contextualize the observed DNA damage-related effects.In vitro investigations were conducted …

Facile One-Step Activated Glassy Carbon Electrode For Sensitive Tryptophan Sensing In Yogurt, Sevi̇lay Erdoğan Kablan, Ahmet Çeti̇nkaya, Si̇bel Özkan, Emi̇rhan Nemutlu

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Activation of glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs) in tailored solution environments introduces oxygenated surface functionalities such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, and quinone groups. These modifications enhance electron‐transfer kinetics and strengthen interactions with target analytes, thereby improving electrochemical sensitivity. In this study, square-wave voltammetry was used, and the most suitable supporting electrolyte for tryptophan (TRP) analysis was a pH 3 Britton–Robinson buffer. The cyclic voltammetry potential range and number of cycles for the Act-GCE were obtained as 0–1.5 V and seven cycles, respectively. The activated electrode exhibited excellent analytical performance, with a linear response for TRP over 0.20–6.28 μM, a detection limit of …

Thiophene-Carbazole-Based Covalent Organic Polymer Electrodes For Electrochromic And Supercapacitor Applications, Si̇nem Altinişik

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

In this study, a thiophene-carbazole-based conjugated organic polymer was successfully synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO)/glass and graphite sheet substrates using in situ oxidative polymerization. In terms of electrochromic properties, the electrodes exhibited significant color change from light yellow-green to dark gray in the potential range of 0 V to 1.2 V, with optical contrast ranging from 84.2% to 47.2% and coloring efficiency of 171.3 cm2/C. The prepared PCBP-Th_ITO/glass electrode also exhibited fast switching times (tb = 0.89 s and tc = 2.05 s) at 650 nm. Furthermore, 90% optical stability was maintained after 1000 cycles. In terms of energy …

Fabrication Of Cross-Linked Thiophene-Coumarin-Fluorene Donor–Acceptor Pentamer Thin Films For Electrochromic Devices Application, Ari̇fe Aktaş, Mert Akgün, Mücahi̇t Özdemi̇r, Sermet Koyuncu

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Functionalized p-conjugated polymers have emerged as promising electrochromic materials due to their well-defined molecular structures, facile synthesis, and ability to form smooth and homogeneous thin films. Furthermore, surface cross-linking enhances the mechanical and environmental stability of these films while improving their durability during electrochemical operation. In this study, a unique band gap-tunable pentamer (FBP) was developed featuring a D-A-D-A-D configuration, which includes thiophene, coumarin, and fluorene. Cross-linked films (FBPX) were obtained using both spray and electrospray methods in the presence of tetrathiol-based crosslinkers and 366 nm light, thanks to the functionalizable allyl groups present in the FBP structure. UV–Vis analysis …

Synthesis And Catalytic Activity Of Water-Soluble Ruthenium(Ii) P-Cymene Complexes In Tandem Nitroarene Reduction/N-Methylation And Transfer Hydrogenation, Si̇nem Çakir, Serdar Batikan Kavukcu, Hayati̇ Türkmen

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

In this study, a series of water-soluble ruthenium(II) p-cymene complexes bearing carboxylic acid-functionalized ligands (Ru1–Ru3) were synthesized, fully characterized (1H NMR, 13C NMR, and FT-IR), and evaluated in two distinct catalytic transformations: tandem nitroarene reduction/N-methylation and transfer hydrogenation. Of the catalysts tested, Ru1 exhibited superior catalytic activity in both systems. Under optimized conditions (1 mol% Ru1, 8 mmol NaBH4, 110 °C, 2 h in methanol), Ru1 promoted the one-pot tandem transformation of nitrobenzene to N-methylaniline with up to 93% conversion using methanol as a sustainable C1 and H2 source. Furthermore, Ru1 proved highly effective in the transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone …

Samarium-Doped Ceria Catalysts For Boron-Aluminum Composite Propellants: Effect Of Synthesis Method, Di̇lara Güçtaş Gürel, Mehmet Ali̇ Faruk Öksüzömer

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Solid propellants based on ammonium perchlorate (AP) are widely used in rocket and missile propulsion systems due to their high energy density and reliable combustion characteristics. Although aluminum (Al) is the conventional metal fuel in AP-based formulations, boron (B) has gained increasing attention as a partial or full substitute owing to its significantly higher volumetric energy density. However, the low combustion efficiency of boron particles remains a critical challenge, making the use of catalysts essential to enhance the thermal decomposition of AP and overall propellant-burning performance. In this study, samarium-doped ceria (SDC20) catalysts were synthesized by three different methods including …

Rapid Synthesis Of Agcu Bimetallic Nanodendrites With Enhanced Catalytic Activity For 4-Nitrophenol Reduction, Jun Liu, Hongguang Liao, Xuanyan Liu

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Herein, AgCu nanodendrites were fabricated via a facile one-step displacement reaction at ambient temperature with Zn powder as the reducing agent. The morphology, structure, and composition of the products were systematically characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that the structure and morphology of the catalysts are strongly dependent on the Ag/Cu molar ratio. The catalytic performance was evaluated by the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) at room temperature, in comparison with monometallic Ag and Cu catalysts. The catalytic activity follows the order Ag1Cu1 > Ag1Cu3 > Ag3Cu1 > Ag > Cu. The optimized Ag1Cu1 catalyst achieves 98.6% …

Effects Of Washing, Oxidation, Carboxylation, And Hydrophobicity On The Antibacterial Activity Of Graphene Oxide And Reduced Graphene Oxide, Emi̇r Boztepe, Ceren Poyraz, Ruki̇ye Taşdemi̇r, Ebru Önem, Ümran Sofu, Keri̇m Yapici

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

In this study, the effects of number of washes, oxidation degree, carboxylation, and hydrothermal reduction temperature on the antibacterial activity of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanomaterials were investigated. GO derivatives with different numbers of washes (1–5W) and oxidation levels (3X, 6X, and 9X), carboxylated GO (GO-COOH), and rGO samples obtained at different hydrothermal reduction temperatures (100, 140, and 180 °C) were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, zeta potential analysis, and Raman spectroscopy, and were subsequently evaluated for antibacterial activity against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. …

Cobalt-Substituted Hydroxyapatite As A Potential Basis Of Biomaterials: Synthesis, Crystal-Chemistry Properties And Antibacterial Activity, Maria M. Vlasova, Ksenia S. Stasenko, Evgeny Bulanov

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

This paper presents the results of the synthesis of solid solutions of cobalt-substituted hydroxyapatite of the composition Ca10-xCox(PO4)6(OH)2 by the solid-phase and solution method. The formation of only the composition of Ca9.5Co0.5(PO4)6(OH)2 has been reliably established, whereas an increase in the cobalt content, as well as an increase in the temperature of synthesis and calcination of the samples prepared in solution, leads to the formation of stable mixtures of calcium and cobalt phosphates. The crystal structure has been refined for Ca9.5Co0.5(PO4)6(OH)2 (a = 9.4121(28) Å, c = 6.8762(20) Å, V = 527.54(35) Å3; R-Bragg = 2.455%) under the assumption of …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Seedling Age On Nickel (Ni) Accumulation In Maize (Zea Mays L.), Tuba Göçergi̇l, Hava Şeyma İnci̇

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

One of the most significant problems facing different ecosystems worldwide is the pollution of soil and water resources with heavy metals, which are harmful to biota. Metals are absorbed by plant roots through soil-plant interaction, leading to accumulation in plants. The plant's growth phase is one of the most important factors in heavy metal uptake and accumulation. Among heavy metal elements, nickel is one of the serious environmental pollutants and plant growth inhibitors due to its toxicity and persistent nature at high concentrations, as well as its bioaccumulation in ecosystems. This study aims to investigate how nickel accumulation in plant …

Species-Specific Metal Uptake Thresholds In Riparian Macrophytes: A Biological Framework For Ecological Risk Assessment, Reyhan Sağlam, Ferhat Gökbulak

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Anthropogenic pressures on freshwater ecosystems have increased metal contamination in riparian zones; however, biological thresholds that distinguish tolerable exposure from ecologically significant accumulation remain poorly defined. This study investigated species-specific thresholds for heavy metal uptake in riparian macrophytes to establish a biologically grounded framework for ecological risk assessment in impacted streams. A gradient encompassing five sites was used to sample four dominant macrophyte species: Typha latifolia, Phragmites australis, Lythrum salicaria, and Persicaria lapathifolia. Concentrations of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) in aboveground plant biomass were examined in relation to their …

Genetic Variation, Heritability, And Forage Yield Path Analysis Of Iranian Desert Wheat Grass (Agropyron Desertorum Fisch. Ex Link) Genotypes, Reza Mohammadi, Alireza Pourmohammad, Meli̇h Okçu

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Desert wheat grass (Agropyron desertorum Fisch. ex Link) is a valuable species in the temperate zones that exhibits tolerance to cold and drought and naturally grows in arid and semiarid regions of Iran. This research was conducted to investigate the phenotypic diversity of 50 selected genotypes of Iranian A. desertorum based on several agromorphological traits and forage production. Genotypes were planted in a randomized complete block design with four replications in 2016. The results showed highly significant differences among genotypes for all traits (p < 0.01). Broad-sense heritability estimates ranged from low to medium for the evaluated traits. The highest heritability values were observed for crown diameter, plant height (PH) and dry matter yield (DMY), while the genetic advance (GA) values were found for forage fresh weight and DMY. Selection based on traits with high GA and heritability is expected to be effective, indicating sufficient genetic variation for breeding programs. The number of stems (NS) and PH explained more than 73% of the entire variation in DMY in the stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) revealed that the first three coordinates (PCo1–PCo3) explained 82.4% of the phenotypic variation. According to the PCoA plot based on these coordinates, the genotypes were grouped into two groups. In the factor analysis (FA), factor 1 (FAC1) had a positive relationship with forage yield and NS; therefore, it was identified as a biomass factor. Cluster analysis divided the genotypes into two groups: cluster 1 contained 19 genotypes, and cluster 2 consisted of 31 genotypes. Significant phenotypic diversity was detected among the A. desertorum genotypes, indicating a valuable germplasm to employ in forage varietal improvement programs. Furthermore, the examined genotypes can serve as valuable germplasm for development of a core collection of A. desertorum in Iran.

Integrating Fine-Scale Topography And Stand Structure To Explain Herb-Layer Diversity In Forest Ecosystems, Carla-Maria Aparaschive, Paul Sestras, Alina M. Truta, Irina M. Morar, Catalina Dan, Monica Boscaiu, Florin Ioras, Adriana F. Sestras

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Herb-layer diversity in temperate forests emerges from the interaction between stand structure and fine-scale environmental variation. We studied eight mixed beech–hornbeam and oak–hornbeam plots distributed along a short altitudinal gradient (170–310 m) and contrasting slope aspects in East Europe. For each plot, we measured tree diameter, height and crown-base height, and derived stand structural indices (tree density, basal area, Gini coefficients for DBH diameter at breast height and total height, and median crown base height). Herb-layer communities were characterized using standard diversity indices and Ellenberg indicator values. We then used Jaccard similarity to explore tree–herb cooccurrence and Spearman correlations to …

Strigolactone-Mediated Regulation Of Physiological, Biochemical, And Gene Expression Responses Enhances Salinity Tolerance In Strawberry (Fragaria × Ananassa), Nora M. Al Aboud, Aishah Alatawi, Maryam Maryam, Mi̇kdat Şi̇mşek, Adel A. Rezk, Hossam S. El-Beltagi, Bader Y. Alsubaie, Othman Al-Dossary, Ahmed M. Ismail, Anvar İbrahimov

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Salinity stress is a limiting factor that restricts growth, physiology, and fruit quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa), particularly in irrigated and arid regions across the globe. The current investigation focused on unveiling the role of strigolactone (GR24, 5 µM) in the mitigation of NaCl-induced stress (100 mM) under greenhouse conditions. Salinity stress massively reduced plant performance, including fresh biomass (16.5 g), dry biomass (4.3 g), photosynthetic rate (7.9 μmol CO2 m−2 s−1), and fruit yield (6 fruits per plant), along with a decline in fruit quality (7.2 °Brix). In contrast, foliar application of strigolactone sig-nificantly enhanced the growth and …

Cardozo Law News Brief: October 16, 2026, Benjamin N. Cardozo School Of Law

Cardozo Law News Briefs

Highlights from the October 16, 2026 Cardozo Law News Brief include:

• Professors Jessica Roth and Sam Weinstein discussed the Justice Department’s investigation of the White House press pool and its implications for antitrust law and First Amendment protections.

• Professor Alexander Reinert spoke to Spectrum News about qualified immunity and a California law allowing lawsuits against federal officers.

• Professor Gabor Rona spoke to Truthout about President Trump’s rhetoric toward Iran and international humanitarian law.

Faculty news includes:

• Professor Michael Pollack presented his book Sidewalk Nation at several academic and transportation events.

• University Professor Michel Rosenfeld participated in international academic discussions on …

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A Lightweight Multitask Adaptive Fusion Network With Channel Attention For Uav-Based Crop Detection And Classification, Xuanyu Yue, Zhenyu Wan

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have become essential tools in precision agriculture, facilitating large-scale monitoring of crop health, weed proliferation, and overall field conditions. However, conventional single-task recognition models encounter significant challenges when implemented on resource-constrained UAV platforms, particularly in detecting densely distributed small objects, managing scale variations, and addressing occlusions. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a channel attention-based adaptive fusion network (CNAF-Net) specifically designed for agricultural scenarios. CNAF-Net utilizes MobileNetV3 for hierarchical feature extraction and integrates a channel attention-guided adaptive fusion mechanism that dynamically combines multiscale features across detection, classification, and segmentation tasks. Experiments conducted on the WeedMap …

Medication Dosage Calculation: The Impact Of Simulation-Based Deliberate Practice On General Self-Efficacy In First-Quarter Nursing Students, Hasani Green

Dissertations

Medication dosage calculation (MDC) competency is essential for safe nursing practice. However, many prelicensure nursing students experience persistent numeracy deficits, anxiety, and inconsistent preparation, contributing to academic failure and potential patient harm. This Doctor of Nursing Practice project addressed the need for effective early instructional strategies by evaluating the impact of an MDC simulation-based learning through deliberate practice (SBL-DP) intervention on first-quarter Associate Degree in Nursing and Bachelor of Science in Nursing students’ General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) scores. Guided by Bandura’s Self-Efficacy Theory, a quantitative, quasi-experimental one-group before-and-after design was used with a convenience sample of students enrolled in a …

Moving To Adult Care: The Impact Of Transition Readiness Assessments In The Hct Of Yas With Epilepsy, Tanika A. Middleton, Shley Mccool

EBP Fellowship

Practice Problem: Health Care Transition (HCT), the process of planning, preparing, transferring from pediatric healthcare and integrating into adult healthcare, is increasingly necessary as more adolescents with complex and chronic health conditions reach adulthood. Assessing transition readiness is identified as a key component of HCT. At a large, academic pediatric healthcare system, there was an opportunity to more consistently incorporate readiness assessments in HCT services of specialty clinics and determine the impact of readiness assessments on HCT outcomes. To address this, an evidence-based practice project was implemented using the following PICOT question: In patients ages 18-22 seen in the outpatient …