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Preliminary Investigation On G Cement Modified By Nano-Powder, Doaa M. Abdullah, Alaa A. Abdullalhameed, Farhad M. Othman Aug 2026

Preliminary Investigation On G Cement Modified By Nano-Powder, Doaa M. Abdullah, Alaa A. Abdullalhameed, Farhad M. Othman

Engineering and Technology Journal

A proper slurry design is critical to cementing work success. In the present investigation, a ball mill method was utilized for preparing a nano powder from a cement dust material, supplied via Al-Kufa Cement Factory, to reinforce the oil well cement by utilizing it as a partial replacement of oil well cement class (G) using different weight percentages (0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1%). A mixture having water to cement ratio of (0.44) was produced. The produced samples characterizations were achieved via the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) as well as the density and compressive strength. Results showed …

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Computational Analysis Of Punching Shear Models Of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Slabs, Mereen H. Fahmi Rasheed, Ayad Z. Saber Agha Aug 2026

Computational Analysis Of Punching Shear Models Of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Slabs, Mereen H. Fahmi Rasheed, Ayad Z. Saber Agha

Engineering and Technology Journal

A computational analysis is presented to predict the ultimate and cracking shear strength of steel fiber reinforced concrete slabs. Different models are suggested considering the effect of concrete compressive and tensile strength, amount of flexural reinforcements, yield strength of the reinforcement bars and steel fiber properties (volume percent, aspect ratio, and type of steel fibers). The predicted results are compared with the experimental data found in literature and found good agreement.

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Analysis And Design Of Beams Reinforced With Steel Fiber And Composite Plates, Mereen H. Fahmi Rasheed, Ayad Z. Saber Agha Aug 2026

Analysis And Design Of Beams Reinforced With Steel Fiber And Composite Plates, Mereen H. Fahmi Rasheed, Ayad Z. Saber Agha

Engineering and Technology Journal

The addition of epoxy bending plate to the tension and compression faces or web is an effective technique for flexural or shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams, also using of steel fibers with concrete improves the structural behavior and increases the moment capacity and shear resistance of the beams. General equations are derived for predicting the bending moment capacity, maximum and balancing reinforcement ratio the equivalent depth of the compression zone for singly and doubly reinforced rectangular sections and T-beams. The results indicate that bending moment capacity increased in beams with steel fibers and composite plates, while the maximum balancing …

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Assessment Of Uranium In Urine Samples Of Primary School Students, Sahar Amin, Azhar Haleem Aug 2026

Assessment Of Uranium In Urine Samples Of Primary School Students, Sahar Amin, Azhar Haleem

Engineering and Technology Journal

The environmental monitoring of radon in the children urine has been carried out by using solid state nuclear track detector CR-39. This study has been undertaken for the purpose of health risk assessments. The concentration of uranium values excreted with the boy's urine samples ranged from 0.203 Bq.L-1 (1.246 ng/L) and 2.201 Bq.L-1 (13.486 ng/L) with an average value of 0.698 Bq.L-1 (4.007 ng/L). While the concentration of uranium values excreted with the girl's urine samples ranged between 0.290 Bq.L-1 (1.777 ng/L) and 0.675 Bq.L-1 (4.135 ng/L), with an average value of 0.474 Bq.L-1 (2.901 ng/L). The amount of uranium …

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Fabrication And Characterization For Phosphate Nanofertilizer Through Polymer Coating Technique, Azhar Haleem Aug 2026

Fabrication And Characterization For Phosphate Nanofertilizer Through Polymer Coating Technique, Azhar Haleem

Engineering and Technology Journal

Many organic and inorganic materials were used to enhance plant growth and soil fertility, in the present study phosphate and polyvinyl alcohol ( PVA) was used to prepare nanocapsules fertilizer by using Emulsification Solvent Diffusion Method (ESDM), nanocapsules of phosphate and polymer provide long-term sustained-release preparations, ensure long existence of fertilizer in attach with the plant. Particle size distribution was evaluated in addition to particle shapes were characterized by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), the activity of Nano-fertilizer was studied on Nigella sativa production and its extracts activity. The emulsification solvent diffusion method (ESDM) provided a good yield of P-nanofertilizer, nanoparticles …

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Isolation, Purification And Characterization Of Novel Phytomitogen From Nigella Sativa Seeds, Azhar Haleem Aug 2026

Isolation, Purification And Characterization Of Novel Phytomitogen From Nigella Sativa Seeds, Azhar Haleem

Engineering and Technology Journal

The objective of the present study was to extract and purified proliferative factor for peripheral blood lymphocytes from Nigella sativa seeds. Dimeric 44, 32 and 26 -kDa glucosamine-specific lectins were extracted and purified from seeds of N. sativa L. by using different ionic strength solvents (deionized distilled water, phosphate buffer slain and 0.1 M HCl) purification procedure included, precipitation in saturated ammonium sulphate, then Sephadex G-100 gel filtration was used for further purification, finally electrophoresis by polyacrylamide gel to estimate the molecular weight in the presence of sodium dodecylsulphate. Single absorbance peak at 280 nm was recorded in each extracted …

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Enhancing Quad Tree For Spatial Index Using Space Filling Curves, Ali Hussain, Rehab Hassan Aug 2026

Enhancing Quad Tree For Spatial Index Using Space Filling Curves, Ali Hussain, Rehab Hassan

Engineering and Technology Journal

Spatial indexes, such as those based on the Quad Tree, are important in spatial databases for the effective implementation of queries with spatial constraints, especially when queries involve spatial links. The quaternary trees are a very interesting subject, given the fact that they give the ability to solve problems in a way that focuses only on the important areas with the highest density of information. Nevertheless, it is not without the disadvantages because the search process in the quad tree suffers from the problem of repetition when reaching the terminal node and return to the behavior of another way in …

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Proposed Hybrid Classifier To Improve Network Intrusion Detection System Using Data Mining Techniques, Sarah Shareef, Soukaena Hashim Aug 2026

Proposed Hybrid Classifier To Improve Network Intrusion Detection System Using Data Mining Techniques, Sarah Shareef, Soukaena Hashim

Engineering and Technology Journal

Network intrusion detection system (NIDS) is a software system which plays an important role to protect network system and can be used to monitor network activities to detect different kinds of attacks from normal behavior in network traffics. A false alarm is one of the most identified problems in relation to the intrusion detection system which can be a limiting factor for the performance and accuracy of the intrusion detection system. The proposed system involves mining techniques at two sequential levels, which are: at the first level Naïve Bayes algorithm is used to detect abnormal activity from normal behavior. The …

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An Elaborate Review For Micro-Fin Heat Sink, Ibtisam A. Hasan, Sahar R. Fafraj, Israa A. Mohmma Aug 2026

An Elaborate Review For Micro-Fin Heat Sink, Ibtisam A. Hasan, Sahar R. Fafraj, Israa A. Mohmma

Engineering and Technology Journal

Heat sinks are low cost, the process of manufacturing reliability, and design simplicity which leads to taking into consideration various cutting-edge applications for heat transfer. Like stationary, fuel cells, automotive electronic devices also PV panels cooling and other various applications to improve the heat sinks thermal performance. The aim is to focus on some countless fundamental issues in domains such as; mechanics of fluids and heat transfer, sophisticated prediction for temperature distribution, high heat flux removal, and thermal resistance reduction. The outcome of this survey concluded that the best configuration of heat sinks has a thermal resistance about (0.140 K/W …

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In Vivo Effect Of Different Doses Of Silver Nanoparticles On The Seminiferous Tubules In Albino Rats: Histopathological Study, Ruqayah Salman, Abdulrahman Ali, Amenah Salman Aug 2026

In Vivo Effect Of Different Doses Of Silver Nanoparticles On The Seminiferous Tubules In Albino Rats: Histopathological Study, Ruqayah Salman, Abdulrahman Ali, Amenah Salman

Engineering and Technology Journal

The study aims to investigate the effects of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on the seminiferous tubules in Albino rats. Several in vitro studies have been performed in different cell models, using various nanoparticles. Pure and spherical AgNPs with an average size of 30 nm, was injected into two groups of male albino rats (6 rats for each group) in different doses. Histopathological changes in testis tissues were showed a harmful effect of the silver nanoparticles, manifested by reducing the number of spermatogenic cells, and a decrease in the number of leyidg´s cells (group 1), and hypotrophy in seminiferous and enlargement …

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Experimental And Numerical Simulation For Thermal Investigation Of Oscillating Heat Pipe Using Vof Model, Anwar S. Barrak, Ahmed A. M. Saleh, Zained H. Naji Aug 2026

Experimental And Numerical Simulation For Thermal Investigation Of Oscillating Heat Pipe Using Vof Model, Anwar S. Barrak, Ahmed A. M. Saleh, Zained H. Naji

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study is investigated the thermal performance of seven turns of the oscillating heat pipe (OHP) by an experimental investigation and CFD simulation. The OHP is designed and made from a copper tube with an inner diameter 3.5 mm and thickness 0.6 mm and the condenser, evaporator, and adiabatic lengths are 300, 300, and 210 mm respectively. Water is used as a working fluid with a filling ratio of 50% of the total volume. The evaporator part is heated by hot air (35, 40, 45, and 50) oC with various face velocity (0.5, 1, and 1.5) m/s. The condenser section …

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Improvement Of Image Steganography Using Discrete Wavelet Transform, Manal K. Oudah, Aqeela N. Abed, Rula S. Khudhair, Saad M. Kaleefah M. Kaleefah Aug 2026

Improvement Of Image Steganography Using Discrete Wavelet Transform, Manal K. Oudah, Aqeela N. Abed, Rula S. Khudhair, Saad M. Kaleefah M. Kaleefah

Engineering and Technology Journal

Recently the Discrete-Wavelet-Transform (DWT) has been represented as signal processing powerful tool to separate the signal into its band frequency components. In this paper, improvement of the steganography techniques by hiding the required message into the suitable frequency band is presented. The results show that the increase of the message length will reduce the Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), while the PSNR increases with the increasing the DWT levels. It should be noted that the PSNR reduction was from -13.8278 to -17.77208 when increasing the message length from 161 to 505 characters. In this context, the PSNR is increased …

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Utilizing Artificial Intelligence To Collect Pavement Surface Condition Data, Hasan H. Joni, Imzahim A. Alwan, Ghazwan A. Naji Aug 2026

Utilizing Artificial Intelligence To Collect Pavement Surface Condition Data, Hasan H. Joni, Imzahim A. Alwan, Ghazwan A. Naji

Engineering and Technology Journal

Nowadays, data collection mechanisms are developed from ancient methods, including visual surveying to modern methods, which rely on digital imaging devices and laser scanning. This is expensive, delay of the pavement maintenance management and consuming of time. In this paper, a robust method proposed for automotive detection of linear distresses from real life movies of Iraqi highways. In the suggested method, common types of cracks, potholes and raveling are distinguished and collected automatically using high speed imaging techniques. The data extracted using the suggested method can be used for selecting priority of management maintenance of country roads and making decisions …

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Identification And Management Of Major Risk Factors In Construction Of Healthcare Centers Projects, Khalil I. Wali, Mahmood M. Mahdi Aug 2026

Identification And Management Of Major Risk Factors In Construction Of Healthcare Centers Projects, Khalil I. Wali, Mahmood M. Mahdi

Engineering and Technology Journal

More attention is needed for healthcare centers projects and its development to change and improve the health situation in Iraq. The study of risk in this type of projects is essential to avoid the problems encountered during the project life cycle. This paper aimed to identify risk factors facing the construction of an advanced healthcare centers and to enhance the possible solutions based on the opinion of experts. For data collection, fifty-five risk factors were presented in a questionnaire form. The result showed that the major risk factor was government corruption, which has a direct influence on the economy and …

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Processing And Properties Of Za-27 Alloy Metal Matrix Hybrid Composite Reinforced With Nanonitrides, Fadhil A. Hashim, Niveen J. Abdulkader, Kateralnada F. Hisham Aug 2026

Processing And Properties Of Za-27 Alloy Metal Matrix Hybrid Composite Reinforced With Nanonitrides, Fadhil A. Hashim, Niveen J. Abdulkader, Kateralnada F. Hisham

Engineering and Technology Journal

In general, internal vibrations within the pipelines caused by fluids being passing through a pipeline system can cause. These pipeline system can damage by the sudden amplified vibrations that were not considered at the design of the system, and flow induced vibrations resonate with the pipes natural frequency. Therefore, it is important to predict and identify the pipeline system vibrations during its lifetime. In this study by using MATLAB code as a CFD solver, it studied the forced and free vibrations caused by fluid flows at Reynolds number ranged as 0 < Re < 2500 for laminar flow and ranged as 104 < Re < 105 for turbulent flow. The working fluid has chosen as of (Al2O3, TiO2, SiO2 and water) with different nanoparticle volume fraction of (0 to 2% vol.). These fluids flow in simply supported pipe with different lengths and diameters. The results presented the effect of pipe and fluid parameter upon the fluid critical velocity and fundamental natural frequencies. The results showed that the pipe natural frequency increased with increasing with decreasing the pipe length and diameter. In addition, it showed that the pipe natural frequency decreased when using the different nanoparticle depressed in the water and with increasing the volume fraction.

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Numerical Study Of Effect Of Using Nanofluids Flowing In Simply Supported Pipes On Vibrations Characteristics, Kadhum A. Jehhef, Mohamed A. Siba, Hayder S. Abdulamir Aug 2026

Numerical Study Of Effect Of Using Nanofluids Flowing In Simply Supported Pipes On Vibrations Characteristics, Kadhum A. Jehhef, Mohamed A. Siba, Hayder S. Abdulamir

Engineering and Technology Journal

In general, internal vibrations within the pipelines caused by fluids being passing through a pipeline system can cause. These pipeline system can damage by the sudden amplified vibrations that weren’t considered at the design of the system, and flow induced vibrations resonate with the pipes natural frequency. Therefore, it is important to predict and identify the pipeline system vibrations during its lifetime. In this study by using MATLAB code as a CFD solver, it studied the forced and free vibrations caused by fluid flows at Reynolds number ranged as 0 < Re < 2500 for laminar flow and ranged as 104 < Re < 105 for turbulent flow. The working fluid has chosen as of (Al2O3, TiO2, SiO2 and water) with different nanoparticle volume fraction of (0 to 2% vol.). These fluids flow in simply supported pipe with different lengths and diameters. The results presented the effect of pipe and fluid parameter upon the fluid critical velocity and fundamental natural frequencies. The results showed that the pipe natural frequency increased with increasing with decreasing the pipe length and diameter. In addition, it showed that the pipe natural frequency decreased when using the different nanoparticle depressed in the water and with increasing the volume fraction.

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The Effects Of Anodizing Process On The Corrosion Rate And Fatigue Life Of Aluminum Alloy 7075-T73, Ibrahim M. Al-Sudani, Samir A. Al-Rabii, Dhafir S. Al-Fattal Aug 2026

The Effects Of Anodizing Process On The Corrosion Rate And Fatigue Life Of Aluminum Alloy 7075-T73, Ibrahim M. Al-Sudani, Samir A. Al-Rabii, Dhafir S. Al-Fattal

Engineering and Technology Journal

This research aims to study the effect of using the anodizing process on the corrosion rate, mechanical properties as well as the fatigue life for aluminum alloy (7075-T73), which is one of the most commonly used aluminum alloy in production of aircrafts, vehicles and ships structures. The anodizing process was employed through using sulfuric acid for time (20) min in a salty atmosphere. The mechanical properties and fatigue life of the AA7075-T73 were obtained before and after the anodizing process. All the results were listed in detailed tables and figures for comparison purpose. Generally, these results showed a decrease in …

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Redrawing Operation A Star Shape From Cylindrical Shape Using Experimental And Fe Analysis, Waleed Kh. Jawad, Ali T. Ikal Aug 2026

Redrawing Operation A Star Shape From Cylindrical Shape Using Experimental And Fe Analysis, Waleed Kh. Jawad, Ali T. Ikal

Engineering and Technology Journal

The aim of this paper is to design and fabricate a star die and a cylindrical die to produce a star shape by redrawing the cylindrical shape and comparing it to the conventional method of producing a star cup drawn from the circular blank sheet using experimental (EXP) and finite element simulation (FES). The redrawing and drawing process was done to produce a star cup with the dimension of (41.5 × 34.69mm), and (30 mm). The finite element model is performed via mechanical APDL ANSYS18.0 to modulate the redrawing and drawing operation. The results of finite element analysis were compared …

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Experimental Investigation On Electrochemical Grinding (Ecg) For Stainless Steel 316, Abdullah J. Ghadban, Abbas F. Ibrahim Aug 2026

Experimental Investigation On Electrochemical Grinding (Ecg) For Stainless Steel 316, Abdullah J. Ghadban, Abbas F. Ibrahim

Engineering and Technology Journal

This research focuses on material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness during electrochemical grinding (ECG) for stainless steel 316. The effect of applied current, electrolyte concentration, gap size and spindle speed on machining performances has been studied. Where applied current used are (10, 20, 30, 40) A, electrolyte concentration used (100, 150, 200, 250) g/l, gap size used (0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) mm and spindle speed used (75, 150, 180, 280) rpm. Through the Taguchi design based experimental study the characteristic features of the ECG process are discussed. Where the maximum MRR can be obtained at 40 A of the …

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2d Model To Investigate The Morphological And Hydraulic Changes Of Meanders, Jaafar S. Maatooq, Luay K. Hameed Aug 2026

2d Model To Investigate The Morphological And Hydraulic Changes Of Meanders, Jaafar S. Maatooq, Luay K. Hameed

Engineering and Technology Journal

River engineering investigations require some level of hydrodynamic and morphologic analysis. The detailed of the hydraulic and morphologic features through meander evolution can be recorded by the numerical model spatially and temporally. The Center for Computational Hydro-science and Engineering, two- dimensional model (CCHE2D V3.29) was adopted to investigate the hydraulic and morphologic changes through meander’s evolution. Through the experimental work, a series of experiments runs were carried out through combining different geometric and hydraulic parameters to produce different experiment conditions. These parameters are flow rate, bed slope, and different initial incised and wide channels for both rectangular and trapezoidal sections. …

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Membrane Bioreactor With External Side-Stream Membranes And High Cross Flow Velocity To Treat Municipal Wastewater, Majid A. Dixon, Talib R. Abbas, Mustafa H. Al-Furaiji, Raed H. Abed-Ali H. Abed-Ali Aug 2026

Membrane Bioreactor With External Side-Stream Membranes And High Cross Flow Velocity To Treat Municipal Wastewater, Majid A. Dixon, Talib R. Abbas, Mustafa H. Al-Furaiji, Raed H. Abed-Ali H. Abed-Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this work, a pilot unit using side-stream MBR configuration was operated in BioFlow mode (i.e. no back pulse) and BioPulse mode (with intermittent back pulses) to treat municipal wastewater with relatively low MLSS. The results showed that the trans-membrane pressure (TMP) was less in the case of BioPulse over the whole period of system operation compared to that of BioFlow mode. However, the energy consumption per unit volume of permeated water is slightly higher in the case of BioFlow mode (3.4 kW.hr/m3) than that in the case of BioPulse mode (3.2 kW.hr/m3). Therefore, operation in BioPulse is preferable due …

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Design Pid Neural Network Controller For Trajectory Tracking Of Differential Drive Mobile Robot Based On Pso, Mohamed Mohamed, Mohammed Hamza Aug 2026

Design Pid Neural Network Controller For Trajectory Tracking Of Differential Drive Mobile Robot Based On Pso, Mohamed Mohamed, Mohammed Hamza

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper introduces a nonlinear (Proportional-Integral-Derivative Neural Network) (PID NN) controller for a differential wheeled mobile robot trajectory tracking problem. This neural controller is built based on the principles of neural network (NN) and the equation of conventional structure of PID controller and is applied on kinematic model of the mobile robot. The particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) is utilized to find the best values of three PID NN parameters and connection weights that minimize the error between the reference path and the actual path. The results illustrate that the PID NN controller has a satisfied ability to make the …

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Evaluation Of Predictive Equations For Local Pier Scour In Cohesive Soils, Zahraa Hassan, Ibtisam Karim, Abdul- Al-Shukur Aug 2026

Evaluation Of Predictive Equations For Local Pier Scour In Cohesive Soils, Zahraa Hassan, Ibtisam Karim, Abdul- Al-Shukur

Engineering and Technology Journal

Wavelet analysis has become a powerful tool for denoising images. It represents a new way to achieve better noise reduction and increased contrast. Here,  experimentally demonstrate the abilities of the discrete wavelet transform with Daubechies basis functions for improving the quality of noisy images. In this research, two methods have been compared to modify the coefficients using a soft and hard threshold to improve the visual fineness of noisy images depending on the Root-Mean-Square error (RMS). The low RMS value and better noise reduction are found in the soft threshold methods based on Daubechies wavelet (db8) for the first image …

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Enhancement Of Surface Crack Density Produced By Edm Using Hybrid Machining, Saad Shather, Shukry Aghdeab, Waqass Khudier Aug 2026

Enhancement Of Surface Crack Density Produced By Edm Using Hybrid Machining, Saad Shather, Shukry Aghdeab, Waqass Khudier

Engineering and Technology Journal

The present work is aimed to improve the surface cracks density of electrical discharge machining (EDM) by Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM)/Electrochemical Machining (ECM) EDM/ECM hybrid process. A hybrid method of EDM-ECM combined processing involve EDM shaping as well as electrochemical machining (ECM) finishing, also, they are conducted in sequence one same machine tool, same electrode, yet on the different dielectric. In this study, the used workpiece material is the A2-Tool Steel material, while the electrode material is copper. The influence of controllable parameters could be identified via response surface methodology (RSM), these controllable effects include: pulse current, pulse on time, …

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Development Of Surface Roughness And Mechanical Properties Of Pmma Nanocomposites By Blending With Polymeric Materials, Hussein Sadeq, Sihama Salih, Auda Braihi Aug 2026

Development Of Surface Roughness And Mechanical Properties Of Pmma Nanocomposites By Blending With Polymeric Materials, Hussein Sadeq, Sihama Salih, Auda Braihi

Engineering and Technology Journal

This work aims to a development of mechanical properties of PMMA that is utilized in denture material, by using two types of polymers; blends (PMMA:2%NR) and (PMMA:2%SR) as a matrix materials strengthen with natural nanoparticles from the pomegranate peel powder (PPP) that were added at different weight fractions (0.0, 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5% and 0.7%). Two groups of bio nanocomposites specimens were prepared, using (Hand Lay-Up) method. Experimental tests were carried out on surface roughness, hardness and wear rate as well as analyzing of FTIR test. The minimum values of surface roughness and wear rate were reached 1.51 nm and 0.317×10-8 …

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Design A Second Order Sliding Mode Controller For Electrical Servo Drive Systems, Shams Hashim, Ahmed Hamoudi Aug 2026

Design A Second Order Sliding Mode Controller For Electrical Servo Drive Systems, Shams Hashim, Ahmed Hamoudi

Engineering and Technology Journal

The aim of this paper is to design and study a powerful second-order sliding mode controller for electrical servo drive systems. The suggested controller can successfully overcome the chattering problem that was usually facing such systems during operation. The first (1-SMC) and second (2-SMC) sliding mode controllers are nonlinear controllers’ techniques capable of stabilizing the output of a plant, even though a disturbance and parameter uncertainty is present. The asymptotically stable is the significant property of 1-SMC as well as 2-SMC. Despite the robustness of the 1- SMC, in real-time but it suffers from a large settling time and a …

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State Space Parallelization Method For A 16-Bit Turbo Encoder, Maha Fleah, Qusay Al-Doori Aug 2026

State Space Parallelization Method For A 16-Bit Turbo Encoder, Maha Fleah, Qusay Al-Doori

Engineering and Technology Journal

Turbo codes are widely used in digital communication systems. Their ability to reach the Shannon channel capacity made it the choice for most of the communication systems. Due to the huge amount of the transmitted data, there is a need to increase the processing speed of the encoders. The researchers used the state space technique to enhance the throughput of the turbo encoder. They apply it to increase the turbo encoder throughput from one bit per cycle up to 8 bit per cycle. The researchers applied the state space method to a three-flip flop, eight state Recursive Systematic Convolution Code …

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Effect Of Weather Conditions On The Properties Of Cement Rendering, Ayad Mseer Aug 2026

Effect Of Weather Conditions On The Properties Of Cement Rendering, Ayad Mseer

Engineering and Technology Journal

The cement mortar used in rendering external walls, in Iraqi hot weather summer, suffers from appearance of many cracks on surface during and after its setting. So, this research aims to study the effect of different factors that can affect those cracks. The studied variables include mix proportions of mortar, grading of the used sand, method of curing, and environmental temperature (rendering during winter or summer). The rendering was laid on two types of walls build from clay bricks or concrete blocks. Tests were carried out on the mortar mixes of the different variables including flow test and drying shrinkage. …

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The Synergic Effect Of Fly Ash And High Reactivity Attapulgite In Ternary Blended Cement, Shubbar Al-Obaidey Aug 2026

The Synergic Effect Of Fly Ash And High Reactivity Attapulgite In Ternary Blended Cement, Shubbar Al-Obaidey

Engineering and Technology Journal

The main objective is to study the synergic effect of fly ash (FA) and high reactivity Attapulgite (HRA) together in ternary blended cement of (OPC+FA+HRA) and evaluate the efficiency factor of FA and HRA in binary blended cement and (FA+HRA) in ternary blended cement. To achieve this objective compressive strength of binary blended cement mixes of (OPC+FA) with FA replacement percentages of (20 %, 30% and 40%), (OPC+HRA) with HRA replacement percentages of (5 and 10%) by weight of cement and ternary blended cement mixes of (OPC+FA+5% and/or 10%HRA). Were tested and compared with that of reference mix at ages …

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Study Compression, Hardness And Density Properties Of Pmma Reinforced By Natural Powder Used In Denture Base Applications, Jawad Oleiwi, Q. Hamad, N. Kadhim Aug 2026

Study Compression, Hardness And Density Properties Of Pmma Reinforced By Natural Powder Used In Denture Base Applications, Jawad Oleiwi, Q. Hamad, N. Kadhim

Engineering and Technology Journal

This research had been done to investigate the effect of adding natural powder of Pistachio Shell to PMMA, which popularly used in denture applications. The powder added in different weights fraction (3%, 6%, 9%, and 12%), and different average particle size (53µm, 106 µm, 150 µm, and 212µm %), and studying Compression Strength, Surface Hardness, and Density properties. Hand Lay-Up represented the method used to prepare the specimens in this research. The results were statistically analyzed by SPSS (one-way ANOVA) to determine the mean value and showed a significant difference for each particle size. The highest value of compression strength …

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