Effect Of Resistance Training On Physical Function During Chemotherapy In Colon Cancer, Justin C. Brown, Shengping Yang, Stephanie L.E. Compton, Kristin L. Campbell, Elizabeth M. Cespedes Feliciano, Sara Quinney, Barbara Sternfeld, Bette J. Caan, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, Kathryn H. Schmitz

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: The decline of physical function during chemotherapy predicts poor quality of life and premature death. It is unknown if resistance training prevents physical function decline during chemotherapy in colon cancer survivors. Methods: This multicenter trial randomly assigned 181 colon cancer survivors receiving postoperative chemotherapy to home-based resistance training or usual care control. Physical function outcomes included the short physical performance battery, isometric handgrip strength, and the physical function subscale of the Medical Outcomes Short-Form 36-item questionnaire. Mixed models for repeated measures quantified estimated treatment differences. Results: At baseline, participants had a mean (SD) age of 55.2 (12.8) years; 67 …

Allopurinol: Clinical Considerations In The Development And Treatment Of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis, And Other Associated Drug Reactions, Kathryn M. Dillman, Alison M. Hawkins, Amanda R. Ragland, Grace C. Wester, Driskell R. Greene, Giustino Varrassi, Peyton Moore, Raju Behara, Shahab Ahmadzadeh, Harish Siddaiah, Sahar Shekoohi, Alan D. Kaye

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Allopurinol lowers urate production through the inhibition of xanthine oxidase. It is oxidatively hydroxylated to oxypurinol and is the most prescribed medication for gout treatment. Although it has a beneficial effect in the treatment of this common disease, like many medications, it is also known for having numerous adverse effects. Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), diseases that exist on a spectrum, are two of the most dangerous adverse effects associated with allopurinol use. These immune-mediated disease processes involve almost every organ system. They are essential to recognize as early as possible, as they could potentially be deadly, …

Qualitative Interviews Exploring Adverse Event Mitigation Strategies In Adults Receiving Amikacin Liposome Inhalation Suspension, Juzar Ali, Jasmanda Wu, Mariam Hassan, Jui-Hua Tsai, Nancy Touba, Kelly Mccarrier, Mark Ballard, Anjan Chatterjee

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction: This study aimed to gain insight from patients with refractory Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease (MAC-LD) into strategies used to manage adverse events (AEs) associated with amikacin liposome inhalation suspension (ALIS). Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with US patients with refractory MAC-LD prescribed ALIS in a real-world setting. Interview transcripts were analyzed and coded to identify patterns in participants’ descriptions of their ALIS treatment experiences, including AEs and their disruptiveness, and AE mitigation strategies, including participants’ ratings of strategies’ effectiveness. Concept saturation was also assessed. Results: Twenty participants (mean age 48.7 years; 80% women; mean ALIS duration 5.45 months) …

Investigation Of Solvation Structures And Dynamics Of Li-Ion Battery Electrolytes And Amides In Water: An Infrared Spectroscopy, Electrochemical And Computational Study, Ernest O. Nachaki

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The investigation of solvation structures and dynamics in lithium-ion battery electrolytes and amides in water has significant implications for both fundamental science and practical applications. Understanding the solvation dynamics of lithium electrolytes can lead to the development of safer and more efficient LIBs. The study of hydrogen bond dynamics of N-alkyl substituted amides has important implications for the development of thermos-responsive polymers used in biomedical applications. By understanding how N-alkyl substitutions affect the hydration structure and dynamics of amides, this research can inform the design of polymers with tailored properties for drug delivery, tissue engineering, and other medical applications. This …

Asymptotic Formula For Scattering Problems Related To Thin Metasurfaces, Zachary Jermain

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The goal of this work is to develop an asymptotic formula for the behavior of a scattered electromagnetic field in the presence of a thin metamaterial known as a metasurface. By using a carefully chosen Green’s function and the single and double layer potentials we analyze the perturbed scattering problem in the presence of the metamaterial and a background scattering problem. By using Lippman-Schwinger type representation formulas for the two fields we develop the asymptotic formula for the perturbed field. From here we prove the asymptotic formula holds up to a specific error term based on the size of the …

A Confirmatory Factor Analysis Of The Psi-4-Sf In Parents Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Paige Weir

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The factor structure of the Parenting Stress Index - Short Form (PSI-4-SF) was evaluated among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Two hypotheses were tested: (1) the original PSI-4-SF model would yield an unsatisfactory fit, and (2) a three-factor alternative model would improve fit compared to the original and other models. A sample of 205 parent-child dyads was analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with the lavaan package in R Studio. Preliminary analyses included descriptive statistics, normality checks, and assessments of skewness and kurtosis. Results supported the first hypothesis, showing poor fit indices for the original PSI-4-SF model. …

Effects Of Perceived Supervisor And Peer Support On Training Transfer For Frontline Registered Nurses, Carly Penn

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of perceived supervisor support as well as perceived peer support on training transfer behavior outcomes for frontline nursing staff in post-COVID 19 technology-mediated training environments.

This study was guided by the following primary research question: what effect does training delivery, perceived supervisor support, and perceived peer support have on training transfer behavior? The secondary question to further examination of these variables is: How do these factors interact to enhance or inhibit transfer in the context of nurse training?

This study sampled U.S. based registered nurses trained in COVID-19 related protocols. …

Topics In Photonic Quantum Technology: Polarization Entanglement Dynamics In Optical Fibers And Low-Light Imaging., Pratik J. Barge

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Recent advances in quantum photonics promise transformative impacts on computing, communication, sensing, and imaging. This thesis explores two areas in photonic quantum technology: polarization entanglement dynamics in optical fibers and low-light imaging. Optical fibers are the most suitable medium for photonic qubits and long-distance entanglement distribution is a critical requirement to realize quantum technologies. We study the decay of polarization-entanglement of the Bell state photons propagating through imperfect optical fibers with spatially fluctuating refractive index. Furthermore, to extend the distribution distance, we propose the use of dynamical decoupling in the optical fiber using half waveplates and show that significant improvement …

Examining Social Anxiety, Generalized Anxiety, And Major Depression’S Symptom Comorbidity In Children And Adolescents: A Longintudinal Test Of The Multiple Pathway Model, Paige Picou

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Anxiety and depressive disorders are highly prevalent in and impairing for children and adolescents and are highly comorbid. Many theories have been proposed to explain this co- occurrence, with recent models postulating multiple pathways in which specific anxiety disorders and depression may co-occur both concurrently and over time. Unfortunately, little research has evaluated these pathways longitudinally across development in a community sample. The current study tested the multiple pathway model in a sample of 9 to 12-year-old youth (Mage = 9.48, SD= 0.51) at baseline and at two-year follow-up using a subsample of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development …

Mental Practice: Practical Application In Violin And Viola Private Lessons, Natasha Sieczkowska

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation aimed to better understand how violin and viola private instructors teach Mental Practice in their studios, investigating different approaches on how to apply and teach auditory, motor, and visual imagery, score study, and auditory modeling, as well as its benefits. This research was divided into two different stages. In the first stage, the researcher conducted interviews (n = 19) and collected questionnaire responses (n = 14) from 33 upper-string instructors teaching at the pre-college and collegiate levels in the US. This research stage was based on the grounded theory approach since there was not much research …

Quiet No More: An Analysis Of Women's Protest Music, Jillian Vogel

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation explores the multifaceted role of music in women’s protests, emphasizing how it serves as a unifying and rallying tool in the fight against inequality. By delving into the interdisciplinary realms of music theory, sound studies, and women’s and gender studies, this work highlights how women’s protest composers utilize musical texts and content to turn their music into a tool to inspire change. This dissertation investigates the musical structures and harmonic innovations in suffrage movement music, examining how suffragettes with varying musical knowledge engaged with music to further their cause. The suffragette music analyses combine text analysis, harmonic analysis, …

Riesz Particle Markov Chain Monte Carlo Methods, Xiongming Dai

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods are simulations that explore complex statistical distributions, while bypassing the cumbersome requirement of a specific analytical expression for the target. This stochastic exploration of an uncertain parameter space comes at the expense of a large number of ``burn-in'' samples, and the computational complexity leads to the curse of dimensionality. Although at the exploration level, some methods have been proposed to accelerate the convergence of the algorithm, such as tempering, Hamiltonian Monte Carlo, Rao-redwellization, and scalable methods for better performance, they cannot avoid the stochastic nature of this exploration. We develop algorithms for the energy …

Advances In Stereoselective Glycosylation: Electron-Withdrawing Groups, Benzyne-Mediated Stereoinversion, And Visible-Light Photochemistry For 1,2-Cis O-Glycosylation, Erik Giovanni Alvarez Valenzuela

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The symbiotic relationship between humans and their microbiota is essential for health, with imbalances in the complex microbiota ecosystem linked to a variety of disorders ranging from neurodegenerative to gastrointestinal diseases. Bacteria within the human microbiota, comprising over 1000 known species, are densely and diversely coated with oligosaccharides crucial for functions like cell recognition, communication, signaling, adhesion, proliferation, and pathogenic inhibition. However, studying the structure-activity relationships of these sugars which are also secreted by bacteria is challenging due to difficulties in obtaining homogenous samples from natural sources.

Chemical synthesis offers a solution by enabling the production of well-defined oligosaccharides in …

Potential Association Between Arsenic And Vitamin D, Mythri Chittilla, Chantal Uzoma, Desiree Brewer, Mohammed S. Razzaque

School of Medicine Publications

Vitamin D is a pleiotropic hormone that regulates calcium and phosphate homeostasis. The roles of vitamin D can be divided into skeletal and nonskeletal. Its skeletal roles include promoting calcium absorption in the intestines, maintaining adequate levels of calcium and phosphate in the bloodstream, and supporting bone mineralization, thus preventing conditions such as rickets and osteoporosis. Nonskeletal roles encompass a range of functions, including immune system modulation, cardiovascular health, and cell growth regulation. Sufficient concentrations of vitamin D in the bloodstream are 20–100 ng/ml in men, women, and children, but individuals with more pigmented skin, live in environments with less …

Development Of A Hydrogen Peroxide-Inactivated Vaccine That Protects Against Viscerotropic Yellow Fever In A Non-Human Primate Model, Ian J Amanna, Archana Thomas, Flora Engelmann, Erika Hammarlund, Hans-Peter Raué, Adam L Bailey, Elizabeth A Poore, Benjamin K Quintel, Anne D Lewis, Michael K Axthelm, Amanda L Johnson, Lois M A Colgin, Michael S Diamond, Ilhem Messaoudi, Mark K Slifka

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Yellow fever virus (YFV) is endemic in >40 countries and causes viscerotropic disease with up to 20%-60% mortality. Successful live-attenuated yellow fever (YF) vaccines were developed in the mid-1930s, but their use is restricted or formally contraindicated in vulnerable populations including infants, the elderly, and people with compromised immune systems. In these studies, we describe the development of a next-generation hydrogen peroxide-inactivated YF vaccine and determine immune correlates of protection based on log neutralizing index (LNI) and neutralizing titer-50% (NT

Assessing Medical Adherence In A Volunteer Community Health Clinic, Jessica Clark, Matthew Anderson, Janelle L. B. Macintosh, Corinna Trujillo Tanner, Kristen Erekson

Student Works

Purpose: The purpose of this project was to identify the rates of and reasons for nonadherence in medical follow-up care among patients who utilize the Volunteer Care Clinic (VCC).

Background: The VCC is a free outpatient care center for acute medical conditions. The VCC serves uninsured, low socioeconomic residents of Utah County, and many of the patients who come to the clinic primarily speak Spanish. The director of the VCC expressed concern that patients who were assigned medical follow-up care to complete after their visit were not completing these assignments. Nonadherence is associated with increased costs, more hospitalizations, and worse …

The Investigation Of Collaboration Among First-Year Bachelor Of Science Nursing Students, Christie Marie Cavallo

Dissertations

Despite the benefits of collaboration, first-year nursing students prefer not to work together. It was important to find out why nursing students do not want to collaborate. The purpose of this study was to discover first-year nursing students' and faculty's perceptions of how instructor-created opportunities for collaboration contributed to first year nursing students' collaboration. Using Wenger's communities of practice (CoPs) model as a lens, the data were explored using a qualitative explanatory case study approach. This study consisted of individual interviews of 12 first-year nursing students and nursing faculty. Inclusion criteria included students enrolled in or faculty teaching first year …

If At First We Don't Succeed, Should We Try, Try Again?

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

A Micro-Computed Tomographic Evaluation Of Maxillary First Molar Root Canal Morphology In Black South Africans, Casper H. Jonker, Ericka N. L’Abbé, Peet J. Van Der Vyver, Daniel Zahra, Anna C. Oettlé

Peninsula Dental School

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the root canal anatomy of maxillary first molars in Black South Africans. Methods: Micro-computed tomography was used to investigate 101 maxillary first molars (53 teeth from the right, 48 from the left; 50 male and 51 female teeth). The number of root canals in each tooth was determined, and the relationship between side, sex and age was analyzed using chi-squared test. To determine intra-and inter-observer reliability, Cohen’s kappa coef-ficients were calculated. Results: Intra-and inter-rater agreements of 96.92% and 98.08% were achieved, respectively. Most teeth contained either three or four canals, but a second, …

Effect Of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation And Narrow-Band Auditory Stimulation On The Intraoperative Electroencephalogram: An Exploratoratory Feasibility Study, Oliver G. Isik, Tuan Z. Cassim, Meah T. Ahmed, Matthias Kreuzer, Alice M. Daramola, Paul S. Garcia

SKMC Student Presentations and Publications

INTRODUCTION: During general anesthesia, frontal electroencephalogram (EEG) activity in the alpha frequency band (8-12 Hz) correlates with the adequacy of analgesia. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and auditory stimulation, two noninvasive neuromodulation techniques, can entrain alpha activity in awake or sleeping patients. This study evaluates their effects on alpha oscillations in patients under general anesthesia.

METHODS: 30 patients receiving general anesthesia for surgery were enrolled in this two-by-two randomized clinical trial. Each participant received active or sham tDCS followed by auditory stimulation or silence according to assigned group (TDCS/AUD, TDCS/SIL, SHAM/AUD, SHAM/SIL). Frontal EEG was recorded before and after neuromodulation. …

Resting State Electrophysiological Profiles And Their Relationship With Cognitive Performance In Cognitively Unimpaired Older Adults: A Systematic Review, Brenda Chino, David López-Sanz, Sandra Doval, Lucía Torres-Simón, Jaisalmer De Frutos Lucas, Lydia Giménez-Llort, Jonathan Zegarra-Valdivia, Fernando Maestú

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Aging is a complex and natural process. The physiological decline related to aging is accompanied by a slowdown in cognitive processes, which begins shortly after individuals reach maturity. These changes have been sometimes interpreted as a compensatory sign and others as a fingerprint of deterioration. Objective: In this context, our aim is to uncover the mechanisms that underlie and support normal cognitive functioning in the brain during the later stages of life. Methods: With this purpose, a systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, which identified 781 potential articles. After applying inclusion and …

Law School News: Rwu Alumni Honored In Pbn's 2024 40 Under Forty Awards 7-16-2024, Triniti Brown, Roger Williams University School Of Law

Life of the Law School (1993- )

No abstract provided.

A Multicenter, Phase 1, Adult Brain Tumor Consortium Trial Of Oral Terameprocol For Patients With Recurrent High-Grade Glioma (Gator), Manmeet Ahluwalia, Ahmad Ozair, Atulya Khosla

All Publications

Recurrent high-grade gliomas (rHGGs) have a dismal prognosis, where the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of IV terameprocol (5 days/month), a transcriptional inhibitor of specificity protein 1 (Sp1)-regulated proteins, is 1,700 mg/day with median area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of 31.3 μg∗h/mL. Given potentially increased efficacy with sustained systemic exposure and challenging logistics of daily IV therapy, here we investigate oral terameprocol for rHGGs in a multicenter, phase 1 trial (GATOR). Using a 3 + 3 dose-escalation design, we enroll 20 patients, with median age 60 years (range 31-80), 70% male, and median one relapse (range 1-3). Fasting patients …

A Microtomographic And Histopathological Evaluation Of Dental Cements As Late-Stage Peri-Implant Complication In A Rat Model, Bhuvana Lakkasetter Chandrashekar, Cláudia Cristina Biguetti, Alexandra Arteaga, Andres J. Miramontes, Evelin Rios, Danieli C. Rodrigues

School of Podiatric Medicine Publications

Cement mediated peri-implantitis accounts for 1.9–75% of dental implant failures associated with peri-implant diseases. This study evaluated the biological impact of dental cements on osseointegrated implants using Lewis rats. Twenty-two rats were distributed into 6 groups: negative control (NC) soft diet (SD), and hard diet (HD); positive control SD and HD (n = 3); Implant + bio-ceramic Cement (BC) SD and HD which included contralateral Sham sites (n = 5). Titanium implants were placed on either side of the maxillae and allowed to heal for 14 days. Later, both sides of experimental groups underwent a re-entry surgery to simulate clinical …

Soft Matter Physics Of The Ground Beneath Our Feet, Anne Voigtländer, Morgane Houssais, Karol A. Bacik, Ian C. Bourg, Justin C. Burton, Karen E. Daniels, Sujit S. Datta, Emanuela Del Gado, Nakul S. Deshpande, Olivier Devauchelle, Behrooz Ferdowsi, Rachel Glade, Lucas Goehring, Ian J. Hewitt, Douglas Jerolmack, Ruben Juanes, Arshad Kudrolli, Ching Yao Lai, Wei Li, Claire Masteller, Kavinda Nissanka, Allan M. Rubin, Howard A. Stone, Jenny Suckale, Nathalie M. Vriend, John S. Wettlaufer, Judy Q. Yang

Physics

The soft part of the Earth's surface - the ground beneath our feet - constitutes the basis for life and natural resources, yet a general physical understanding of the ground is still lacking. In this critical time of climate change, cross-pollination of scientific approaches is urgently needed to better understand the behavior of our planet's surface. The major topics in current research in this area cross different disciplines, spanning geosciences, and various aspects of engineering, material sciences, physics, chemistry, and biology. Among these, soft matter physics has emerged as a fundamental nexus connecting and underpinning many research questions. This perspective …

Dietary Acculturation Is Associated With Altered Gut Microbiome, Circulating Metabolites, And Cardiovascular Disease Risk In Us Hispanics And Latinos: Results From Hchs/Sol, Yanbo Zhang, Marta M Jankowska, Krista M Perreira, Josiemer Mattei, Carmen R Isasi, Maria M Llabre, Bharat Thyagarajan, Martha L Daviglus, Linda Van Horn, David Goldsztajn Farelo, Luis E Maldonado, Steven R Levine, Bing Yu, Eric Boerwinkle, Rob Knight, Robert D Burk, Robert C Kaplan, Qibin Qi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Dietary acculturation, or adoption of dominant culture diet by migrant groups, influences human health. We aimed to examine dietary acculturation and its relationships with cardiovascular disease (CVD), gut microbiota, and blood metabolites among US Hispanic and Latino adults.

Methods: In the HCHS/SOL (Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos), US exposure was defined by years in the United States (50 states and Washington, DC) and US nativity. A dietary acculturation pattern was derived from 14 172 participants with two 24-hour dietary recalls at baseline (2008-2011) using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression, with food groups as predictors of US …

Epigenome-Wide Association Study Of Lung Cancer Among Never Smokers In Two Prospective Cohorts In Shanghai, China, Batel Blechter, Andres Cardenas, Xuting Wang, Bu-Tian Ji, Wei Hu, Qiuyin Cai, H Dean Hosgood, Gong Yang, Jianxin Shi, Jirong Long, Yu-Tang Gao, Douglas A Bell, Wei Zheng, Nathaniel Rothman, Qing Lan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The aetiology of lung cancer among individuals who never smoked remains elusive, despite 15% of lung cancer cases in men and 53% in women worldwide being unrelated to smoking. Epigenetic alterations, particularly DNA methylation (DNAm) changes, have emerged as potential drivers. Yet, few prospective epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS), primarily focusing on peripheral blood DNAm with limited representation of never smokers, have been conducted.

METHODS: We conducted a nested case-control study of 80 never-smoking incident lung cancer cases and 83 never-smoking controls within the Shanghai Women's Health Study and Shanghai Men's Health Study. DNAm was measured in prediagnostic oral rinse …

Qualitative Study Of Stakeholder Influence On Environmental Practices: Evidence From The Malaysian Aviation Industry, Zarina Zakaria, Zamzulaila Zakaria

The Qualitative Report

In this study, we seek to explore the influence of stakeholders on environmental management practices in Malaysia's aviation industry. The data from this study was derived from interviewing 25 respondents in nine organisations within the aviation sector and was analysed using thematic analysis. We show that internal and external stakeholders significantly influence changes towards better environmental management practices. While internal stakeholders have contributed to better environmental management practices by changing their day-to-day practices within their functional role in the organisation, the external stakeholders have been the key actors that have significantly pushed the organisation to implement a proper environmental management …

Navigating Credibility And Approachability In Conflict Zones: Insights From Fieldwork In Nigerian Communities Facing Eco-Violence, Ezenwa E. Olumba

The Qualitative Report

This article contributes to the literature by proposing an expanded “framework for credibility and approachability,” extending the framework’s applicability in conflict-affected societies. The credibility and approachability framework aids researchers in comprehending and evaluating their fieldwork experiences, enabling them to articulate their experiences clearly and insightfully. Drawing on the reflexive experiences of a diaspora-based researcher who used this framework to prepare for fieldwork in Nigeria, the article illustrates the framework’s components plus the added “bearability” component. The experiences were borne out of a study with 54 participants across focus groups in communities affected by eco-violence in the Nigerian Middle Belt. The …

Self-Directed Learning In A Qualitative Research Methods Course For Doctoral Students, Amy L. Damrow, Krittika Grau, Brandon Pettry, Karen Plaster, Adepeju Prince

The Qualitative Report

This paper describes (1) the reasoning behind a self-directed learning assignment in an advanced qualitative research methods course, and (2) doctoral students’ experiences with that assignment. Drawing on instructor and student perspectives, a professor and four doctoral students collaborated to reflect and report on the process and product of one assignment within a course. The doctoral students approached the assignment in unique ways: delving into one specific research methodology, comparing multiple research designs, and exploring current uses of qualitative research at a research conference. The piece contributes to the body of literature about students’ and instructors’ experiences in graduate qualitative …