Digital Commons Network^™

Technical Disclosure: The Citadel-Concentric Transit Architecture, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This technical disclosure presents a modular, non-linear, two-stage interplanetary spacecraft architecture designed to isolate human crew members from the severe thermal, mechanical, and radiological stresses of a high-field High-Temperature Superconducting (HTS) REBCO magnetic confinement fusion core.

Rather than relying on traditional linear truss layouts, this architecture introduces the Citadel-Concentric Topology. The design embeds an ultra-lightweight, spherical crew habitat inside a rigid, cylindrical, reusable boost and propulsion stage (The Transit Box). The interface between the two nested stages is bridged by an open-cell silicon-carbide ceramic foam matrix. This foam acts as a multi-functional isotropic shock absorber, high-temperature thermal barrier, and passive …

Deterministic, Model-Independent Grounding-Integrity Mechanisms For Retrieval-Augmented And Agentic Language-Model Systems, Roberto A. Wenzel

Defensive Publications Series

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) and tool-using LLM agents routinely emit citations that purport to tie a claim to a retrieved source, but a well-known failure mode is the dangling or fabricated citation that resolves to nothing. Existing mitigations largely rely on the model policing itself or on probabilistic post-hoc fact-checking. This disclosure describes a family of deterministic, model-independent mechanisms that make citation and gap integrity an invariant of the system rather than a behavior to be hoped for: (A) a stable cross-tool evidence registry with primary/derived provenance and a detect-bounce-strip citation-lifecycle guard, including compound-citation surgery, carried across human-feedback revisions; (B) conversation …

Caldwell Global Humanitarian Open‑Hardware Portfolio Off‑Grid, No‑Power, Low‑Infrastructure Solutions For Water, Food, Energy, Health & Disaster Resilience, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure presents a complete, open‑hardware portfolio of 132+ inventions designed specifically for off‑grid, low‑power, low‑infrastructure, and resource‑limited nations. All systems are non‑patented, freely shareable, and engineered for village‑scale fabrication, basic tools, and local materials.

The portfolio covers the five essential pillars of national resilience:

Water, Food, Energy, Healthcare, and Disaster Protection.

Each invention is listed using its exact Technical Disclosure Commons title, ensuring easy discovery, download, and replication by any country—including those with limited electricity, limited industrial capacity, or limited access to global supply chains.

This document is intended for small, isolated, and developing nations, enabling them to adopt, …

Dynamically Constructing Geographically Optimized Routing Graphs From Unstructured Multi-Modal Media, Nikita Agarwal

Defensive Publications Series

A geographically optimized routing graph is dynamically constructed from unstructured multi-modal media. A transcript is generated from audiovisual data of a media item. Words or phrases satisfying geographic spatial anchoring criteria are identified and associated with a first geographic location. Visual analysis operations are performed on corresponding video frames to identify a second geographic location. A modality conflict is detected based on differences between the first and second geographic locations. The conflict is resolved by applying deterministic weighting to generate resolved geographic locations. A routing graph is generated by sequencing the resolved geographic locations based on physical geographic proximity independent …

Mitigating Engagement Bias In Recommendation Architectures For Media Platforms, Acar Ary, Jason Sun, Ayush Patwari

Defensive Publications Series

In media recommendation architectures, engagement metrics such as comment participation probabilities are utilized to rank content. A limitation exists where media items with intentionally disabled comments are unfairly demoted. In these instances, a lack of engagement is processed as a lack of user interest. To address this deficiency, a boolean feature indicating a disabled comment status is generated. This boolean feature is subsequently crossed with a comment participation probability feature. Through this mathematical cross operation, a separate weight is established for scenarios where comments are disabled. Zero-engagement values are thereby processed differently when comment functionalities are unavailable. Consequently, engagement bias …

Defensive Publication: Batch-Aware Cross-Iteration Cache Reuse Prediction For Ssd-Backed Embedding Training, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

Systems and methods are described for reducing SSD read volume during embedding table training by performing batch-aware cross-iteration cache reuse prediction. For a next training batch, a controller tests batch indices against a probabilistic cached-index membership structure representing indices likely resident in an embedding cache based on one or more prior iterations. A differential prefetch set is formed from indices predicted to be uncached, and an SSD prefetch is issued for only that set while maintaining batch-structure metadata such as offsets. The system may compute overlap statistics between consecutive batches using GPU-accelerated operations, track moving averages over a sliding window, …

Defensive Publication: Closed-Loop Feedback-Driven Dynamic Tier Sizing For Multi-Level Embedding Cache Hierarchies, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques are disclosed for closed-loop dynamic sizing of a multi-level embedding cache hierarchy. Runtime hit-rate statistics are monitored for multiple tiers including a GPU HBM cache, a host DRAM block cache for an SSD-backed database, and an SSD read-ahead buffer. A marginal-benefit estimator determines, for each tier, an estimated reduction in expected access latency per unit of additional memory, using smoothed measurements and optionally combining Zipf-model fitting with finite-difference probing. A feedback controller, including a PID control law, computes bounded tier size adjustments that reallocate a fixed total memory budget to reduce marginal-benefit imbalance across tiers. Phase transitions may be …

Machine-Learning-Driven Predictive Prefetch For Ssd-Backed Embedding Tables Using Access Pattern Modeling, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques are described for predictive prefetch and cache management in SSD-backed embedding table systems used in iterative machine learning training. Online access tracking maintains per-row exponentially decayed access frequency and last-access information, and computes batch-level autocorrelation using set similarity over a sliding window. An online estimator computes a discrete Zipf exponent via maximum likelihood estimation using Newton updates with warm start and step-size clamping. A lightweight predictor asynchronously computes a prefetch score for embedding rows by combining Zipf-normalized frequency, temporal recency, and batch-correlation signals with weights adapted by multiplicative updates, producing a ranked prefetch list and confidence-weighted priorities. A PID-based …

Hierarchical Tiered Storage For Variable-Size Per-User Inference State In Llm-Based Recommendation Systems, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

A hierarchical tiered storage subsystem manages variable-size per-user inference state for LLM-based recommendation services. Per-user attention KV cache objects are persisted across sessions and placed across HBM, DRAM, and SSD. SSD storage uses a slab-class allocator with aligned chunks for variable-size objects. A tier placement engine assigns users to tiers based on an activity metric. Cache validity is controlled using version metadata including model and user-related versions, enabling profile-version-aware invalidation. A session-start pipeline asynchronously prefetches validated KV cache objects into HBM prior to a first recommendation request. Cold-tier objects are compressed using attention-head pruning and quantization. Cross-replica consistency is maintained …

Compression-Aware Asymmetric-Precision Pipeline For Ssd-Backed Embedding Tables, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques are described for SSD-backed embedding tables using a compression-aware, asymmetric-precision pipeline. Embedding rows are stored on SSD in reduced-precision integer form (e.g., INT8 or INT4) together with per-row affine quantization parameters including a scale and a zero-point. Requested rows are transferred in compressed form into a GPU-accessible staging buffer, and a GPU kernel dequantizes the rows into a full-precision representation (e.g., FP16/FP32) within a high-bandwidth-memory cache. A double-buffer schedule overlaps SSD reads with GPU dequantization across iterations. When cached embeddings are modified and evicted, a GPU kernel re-quantizes the updated full-precision values, updates per-row quantization parameters, and writes the …

Distribution-Aware Fixed-Scale Quantization With Sigma-Delta Error Correction For Tiled Attention Computation, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques are disclosed for tiled attention computation using reduced-precision quantization with fixed scaling and sigma-delta error feedback. A fixed quantization scale is determined from model configuration parameters and a bound on activation magnitude, enabling quantization of attention-score tiles without runtime per-tile maximum-magnitude reductions. During a tile loop, an error accumulator is maintained for an attention-score tile shape. For each tile, a corrected tile is formed by adding the accumulator to the tile, the corrected tile is quantized to a reduced-precision floating-point format such as FP8 using the fixed scale, the quantized tile is dequantized, and the accumulator is updated based …

Low-Bandwidth Call Mode Using Audio-Derived Expression And Gesture Parameter Streaming, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques are described for a low-bandwidth call mode that replaces camera video transmission with streaming of audio-derived avatar animation parameters. During a real-time call, endpoints exchange capability information and negotiate an operating tier specifying parameter formats, update rates, and synchronization expectations. In response to user input or automatically upon degraded network conditions (e.g., low uplink bandwidth, loss, or jitter), a sender disables video frame transmission and processes speech audio in short windows using an on-device model to produce a time-stamped parameter stream including visemes and optionally expression and gesture parameters with confidence scores. The stream is adapted in rate, precision, …

Proactive Context-Aware Browser Extension Overlay For Advertising Infrastructure Diagnostics And Automation, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

A browser extension injects a proactive, context-aware overlay into a webpage when multiple contextual signals are satisfied. The extension detects a current domain, extracts webpage context indicating a tracking pixel and optional partner container presence, and verifies that an authenticated user is authorized for the detected pixel. The extension queries a backend overlay gating service with the domain. The backend computes a unified gating decision using a server-side activity log that records overlay interactions such as impressions, dismissals, remind-later actions, opt-outs, and CTA clicks, enabling cross-device suppression and frequency control. When authorized and when an actionable diagnostic issue or automation …

Organizational Meta-Learning And Adaptive Escalation For Autonomous Multi-Agent Systems, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques are disclosed for organizational meta-learning and adaptive escalation in autonomous multi-agent project execution. A project signature is generated from features such as scope, domain, team size, duration, parallelism, risk, and novelty. An organizational pattern, including team structure, channel structure, governance structure, and workflow sequence, is retrieved from a pattern library using signature similarity and an effectiveness score computed from prior outcomes. The project is configured and executed using the retrieved pattern. An adaptive escalation controller determines whether to escalate decision points to a human based on decision category, complexity, risk, project phase, agent confidence, and per-human calibration, and records …

Autonomous Infrastructure Provisioning And Adaptive Governance For Multi-Agent Collaboration Systems, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques are described for autonomously provisioning and adapting organizational infrastructure for multi-agent project execution using external collaboration tools. An organizational requirements analyzer generates an organizational plan specifying channels with scopes, modalities, purposes, and governance levels. An infrastructure provisioner creates real-world artifacts (e.g., chat channels, documents, task boards, repository branches) via tool APIs and configures them for dual use by agents through APIs and by humans through native user interfaces, optionally adding humans as observers. A governance negotiation engine enables agents to establish and amend a self-referential governance constitution using proposals and resolution protocols, subject to human veto. A multi-modal router …

Closed-Loop Document Enhancement Using Retrieval Failure Signals, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

A closed-loop pipeline improves retrieval of documents for natural-language queries by updating the documents rather than rewriting queries. Production retrieval executions are instrumented with a binary influence signal indicating whether a document influenced an outcome. An offline pressure test runs a bank of queries against a corpus, computes metrics such as Precision@1 and Recall@5, and flags misses where an expected document does not appear within a threshold rank. For each miss, a diagnosis identifies a failure class, including vocabulary mismatch between colloquial phrasing and document terminology. The corpus is enriched by rewriting along one or more axes: adding colloquial triggers …

Dual-Model Advantage Function Architecture For Debiased User Feedback Signals In Digital Advertisement Pricing, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques are described for computing online advertisement pricing adjustments using user feedback signals while separating user/context propensity from ad-candidate effects. A first machine learning model generates a state-dependent prediction V(s) of a feedback event probability from state features that exclude ad-candidate features. A second machine learning model generates a candidate-dependent prediction Q(s,a) from the state features and action features describing the ad candidate. An advantage-style combination, such as A(s,a)=Q(s,a)-V(s), produces an ad-attributable signal that controls for inherent user/context feedback propensity. The advantage output is converted to a pricing adjustment, for example UDV×Scalar×(Q-V), and provided to an auction-stage pricing layer. A …

Protocol Bridge Architecture For Chat-Directed Cloud Ai Agent Access To Local Application Interfaces With Knowledge Base Integration, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

A cloud-enabled, chat-controlled architecture provides remote AI agent access to a local desktop design application through a protocol bridge. A plugin running inside the desktop application connects to a locally executed bridge service using WebSocket and executes commands via an internal plugin API with deep read/write support, including complex assets such as images and fonts. A cloud-hosted agent receives natural-language instructions from a chat platform, retrieves context from an external knowledge base and optionally a brand asset pipeline, generates structured tool commands subject to design-system constraints, and sends the commands as HTTP requests to the local bridge. The bridge translates …

Semantic Prompt Analysis And Intent-Preserving Reconstruction For Generative Ai Content Systems, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

A pre-generation pipeline intercepts user text prompts for a generative image model and performs intellectual-property-aware prompt rewriting. Protected-entity spans are detected using an entity recognizer covering trademarks, copyrighted characters, trade dress, and celebrity likenesses. Detected spans are embedded and compared against a multi-modal IP vector registry to confirm matches and retrieve a visual attribute vector that encodes visual characteristics associated with the protected entity. The prompt is decomposed into a protected identity layer and a descriptive intent layer. Non-infringing descriptors derived from the retrieved visual attributes are injected into the descriptive intent layer, and a language model generates a rewritten …

Data-Driven Surface-Targeted Enforcement For Content Integrity Violations On Social Media Platforms, Umar Bakhsh

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques are described for enforcing content integrity violations on a social media platform using engagement-driven, surface-targeted actions. Engagement telemetry for a violating entity is analyzed to determine a distribution of connected engagement versus unconnected engagement attributable to recommendation-based distribution. Unconnected engagement is further attributed across multiple platform surfaces (e.g., short-form video, news feed, stories). An enforcement strategy is selected based on the engagement distribution, including selection of a soft enforcement action that removes or reduces recommendation distribution on one or more surfaces prioritized by their contribution to unconnected engagement. Enforcement effectiveness is measured by comparing engagement before and after enforcement, …

Tiered Expert Calibration Framework For Autonomous Large Language Model Assessment Systems, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

Systems and methods are described for automated content integrity assessment using a two-tier calibration and operation workflow. Domain experts encode assessment criteria into structured prompts, supply exemplar calibration cases spanning decision boundaries, review large language model (LLM) outputs, iteratively revise prompts to address systematic errors, and define post-assessment quality rules that capture known failure modes. After calibration, the LLM operates autonomously to label candidate instances for measurement, producing structured outputs that include a decision and a reasoning trace. Candidate instances may include entity pairs with multimodal content portfolios, with requests constructed under input constraints such as a maximum number of …

Entity-Level Content Cloning Detection With Multi-Layered Eligibility Framework For Social Media Platforms, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques are described for detecting content cloning at an entity level on a social media platform. Content similarity signals across items are aggregated to compute portfolio-level overlap between a first entity and a second entity. Candidate entity pairs are generated and evaluated against configurable cloning criteria, such as a threshold fraction of the second entity’s portfolio reused from a single first entity. A multi-layered eligibility framework applies configurable checks using entity relationships and attributes, including administrative relationships, entity classification/categorization, partnership or affiliation status, and intent signals, to exclude legitimate sharing scenarios. Eligible high-confidence pairs may be processed through automated continuous …

Instructional Strategies For Developing Mathematical Critical Thinking Skills In Secondary Education: A Pris-Ma-Based Systematic Review (2015-2025), Friska Ledina Situngkir, Mangaratua Simanjorang

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

Mathematical critical thinking skills (MCTS) are essential 21st-century competencies that secondary students must develop. However, prior studies indicate these skills remain underdeveloped due to conventional teaching methods focused on procedural mastery. This systematic review, conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020, synthesized empirical evidence on instructional strategies for fostering MCTS in secondary education. Searches were performed in Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for publications between 2015-2025. From 1,342 records initially retrieved, 28 empirical studies were selected for full analysis. The review identifies five principal strategies: Problem-Based Learning (PBL), Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL), STEM/STEAM, Project-Based Learning (PjBL), and ethnomathematics. …

Gambaran Penyebab Klaim Bpjs Rawat Inap Berstatus Pending Di Rumah Sakit Ciremai Kota Cirebon Tahun 2025, Jazim Shebrina Kharisma Sendy, Lina Khasanah, Bambang Karmanto, Maula Ismail Mohammad

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Pending claims involving BPJS Kesehatan remain a challenge in the healthcare financing system in Indonesia. This condition hinders the receipt of JKN funds by healthcare facilities. In general, pending claims arise due to inconsistencies in files, disease and/or action codes, or the determination of medical measures. The same problem also occurred at Tk. III Hospital 03.06.01 Ciremai, Cirebon City, with the continued discovery of pending inpatient BPJS claims in 2025. Based on these conditions, this study aims to describe the causes of pending inpatient BPJS claims based on administrative, coding, and medical aspects. This study aims to describe the causes …

Pendekatan Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing Dan Theoretical Framework Of Acceptability Untuk Estimasi Anggaran Layanan Home-Based Palliative Care Di Yogyakarta, Tatik Hariyanti, Firdaus Hafidz, Arif Budiarto

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Palliative care services delivered through a home care scheme in Indonesia are not yet included in the National Health Insurance (JKN) benefit package. Through a bridging guarantee scheme, since 2020 the Regional Government of the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) has provided this service to the local population in accordance with applicable regulations. Therefore, a basis for budget allocation that considers the regional conditions of DIY is required. This study employed a mixed-methods approach with an explanatory sequential design, beginning with a quantitative study to estimate the prevalence of the population requiring palliative care services as well as the unit …

Analisis Pengelolaan Persediaan Obat Menggunakan Integrasi Abc–Fsn Dan Economic Order Quantity (Eoq) Di Rsud Haji Provinsi Jawa Timur, Rina Kartika Sari, Irwan Syahrir, Musa Gufron

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the performance of pharmaceutical inventory at RSUD Haji, East Java Province using an integrated ABC–FSN and Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) approach. A quantitative descriptive method was employed using secondary data from 560 drug items during January–December 2025. ABC analysis was used to identify the concentration of investment value, while FSN analysis was applied to evaluate drug movement patterns. Furthermore, EOQ was utilized to determine the optimal order quantity to minimize total inventory costs. The results show that the majority of inventory value is concentrated in category A (70.08%) and is dominated by fast-moving items (89.15%). …

Analisis Implementasi Clinical Pathway Terhadap Length Of Stay (Los) Dan Biaya Perawatan Pasien Anak Dengan Demam Berdarah Dengue (Dbd) Di Rsi Nu Demak, Akhmad Safi’I, Muhammad Zulfikar Asumta, Abdul Aziz

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Clinical pathway (CP) is a quality and cost control instrument in hospitals designed to ensure service standardization, efficiency of Length of Stay (LOS), and control of healthcare costs. Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in children is an infectious disease that often requires hospitalization, with considerable variation in LOS and treatment costs. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of CP implementation on LOS and cost of care among pediatric DHF patients at Rumah Sakit Islam Nahdlatul Ulama (RSI NU) Demak. This research applied a quantitative approach using a retrospective descriptive-analytic design. Data were obtained from medical records of 34 pediatric DHF …

Analisis Pending Claim Pasien Rawat Inap Di Rumah Sakit Dharma Kerti Tabanan, Gusti Ayu Putu Putri Maha Dewi, Made Karma Maha Wirajaya, Putu Ayu Laksmini, Putu Ika Farmani

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

In the BPJS health claim submission process, not all documents submitted by the hospital can be accepted immediately. Claims are declared ineligible or pending if the submitted files are incomplete or do not meet BPJS Kesehatan requirements. At Dharma Kerti Hospital, Tabanan, from August to October 2024, 16.7% or 130 of 779 inpatient claim files were recorded as pending. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence pending claims for inpatients in the period November 2024 to January 2025 by reviewing coding, medical, and administrative aspects. The study used a mixed methods approach, namely quantitative analysis of the claim …

Determinan Kepuasan Peserta Jkn Terhadap Sistem Rujukan Berjenjang Di Provinsi Bali, Made Karma Maha Wirajaya, I Ketut Tunas, Putu Ika Farmani, Putu Ayu Laksmini

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

The Indonesian government, through the National Health Insurance (JKN) Program, is committed to achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC) by ensuring equitable, high-quality, and sustainable healthcare services. One key element in JKN implementation is a tiered referral system designed to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of healthcare services. However, in practice, the tiered referral system still faces various obstacles that may reduce the level of satisfaction of JKN participants with health services. This study aims to examine factors related to JKN participant satisfaction with the implementation of a tiered referral system in Bali Province. This study used an analytical cross-sectional design …

Analisis Biaya Perawatan Ulkus Diabetes Dan Implementasi Clinical Pathway Serta Cost Recovery Rate Di Rumah Sakit Xyz, Jawa Tengah, Nur Alaydrus, Chriswardani Suryawati, Puji Harto

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

The INA-CBGs payment system in the National Health Insurance (JKN) program requires hospitals to improve cost efficiency through quality and cost containment. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Clinical Pathway (CP) for diabetic ulcers, calculate the unit cost of care, and evaluate the Cost Recovery Rate (CRR) at XYZ Hospital, Central Java, using the Activity-Based Costing (ABC) method. A descriptive quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted on all inpatients with a single diagnosis of diabetic ulcer without comorbidities from October to December 2024. Data were collected through activity-based CP observation, medical record review, and hospital …