Digital Commons Network^™

“Ummm I Don’T Know If I Took A Writing Methods Course”: Learning From In-Service Teachers Revisiting The Methods Course, Christina Saidy, Isabelle Alize Meza, Talia Baca

Teaching/Writing: The Journal of Writing Teacher Education

In this article two teachers and their writing methods professor explore the challenges of the traditional methods course. In sharing the teachers’ experiences of retaking the methods course, they argue for the need to consider ways that practicing teachers can revisit the methods course to develop sustainable practices for the teaching of writing in secondary schools.

The Good Ghosts Of Process And Models: What Endures From The Composition Methods Course [Special Issue], Rebecca Powell, Jonathan Rivera, Heather Serpas

Teaching/Writing: The Journal of Writing Teacher Education

This article examines how secondary English teachers understand and implement writing pedagogy in their classrooms years after completing a writing methods course. Through reflective interviews and written responses from teachers in their fifth through seventh years of practice, we explore the tensions between pedagogical ideals learned in teacher preparation and the institutional pressures of contemporary schooling. Key themes include the influence of standardized testing on writing instruction, the challenge of maintaining process-oriented approaches amid curriculum standardization, and the ways teachers adapt their methods course learning to their specific school contexts.

What Are You Writing? The Hopes And Hurdles Of Transitioning From Writing Methods To Teaching Writing, Rebekah Buchanan, Darrin G. Ross

Teaching/Writing: The Journal of Writing Teacher Education

This co-authored piece examines how the writing methods course impacts teaching and thinking about writing through the lenses of a writing methods professor and a former student/current teacher. In writing and thinking together we found that a mutual grounding in liberatory education, using writing as a tool for social action and critical thinking, and teaching writing as a political act we see how the writing methods course and the relationships built through writing create a basis for future decision making and inspiration in the high school classroom.

“I Want To Teach That Way”: What We Learn In A Writing Methods Class [Special Issue], Brad Jacobson, Ana S. Muñoz, Paola Vianney Trevizo

Teaching/Writing: The Journal of Writing Teacher Education

In this dialogic essay, a teacher educator and two early career teachers discuss the influence of a writing methods course on their pedagogy in practice. The conversation focuses on a digital testimonio task that instilled values the early career teachers continue to bring to their teaching, including an expanded conception of what counts as writing and a critical, humanizing approach to literacy education. Moreover, the challenges they experienced as preservice teachers when composing a digital text helped them to see the value of a scaffolded writing process, demonstrating the value of experiential learning. While the digital testimonio project itself was …

Everyone Is A Writer: Building Writer Identities And Writing Communities In Preservice And English Language Arts Classrooms, Amber Warrington, Hanna Burns, Allie Zimmerly

Teaching/Writing: The Journal of Writing Teacher Education

In this article, a teacher educator and two early-career teachers reflect on a Teaching Writers methods course the teachers took as part of their teacher education program. In the course, the two teachers developed their own writer identities and took part in a writing community. The teachers discuss ways they have brought those experiences into their classrooms and adapted the experiences for their students and contexts.

Expertise, Ideals, And The Ecology Of Learning To Teach: A Conversation About The Transition From The Writing Methods Course To Student Teaching [Special Issue], Jessica Rivera-Mueller, Josie Clark

Teaching/Writing: The Journal of Writing Teacher Education

Writing pedagogy educators need approaches for designing the writing methods course in ways that will make a positive impact on practicing teachers’ decision-making. In this article, the co-authors—a writing pedagogy educator and a former student—address this need by providing a reflective conversation about the former student’s transition from the writing methods course to the student teaching experience. Together, the co-authors explore the extent to which a hands-on learning experience built into the writing methods course (designing and hosting an online writing competition for middle and high school students) impacted the former student’s experience of teaching writing as a student teacher. …

Writing From Our Lives: From Reading Like Writers To Personal Narrative Writing, Julianna Kershen, Sarah Relja, David Mackowski, Grace Rhodes

Teaching/Writing: The Journal of Writing Teacher Education

This article describes the design and use of writing opportunities for preservice teacher candidates enrolled in English Language Arts education coursework. Based in the practice-based teacher education principle that preparatory coursework include implementation activities, we describe how preservice candidates engaged in the study of writer’s craft through immersion in mentor texts through close reading, annotation, and free response writing. This article highlights the benefits of such opportunities for preservice teacher-writers, as they (re)see themselves as active writers and reflect on their personal writing histories. Three preservice candidates share their writing as a means of celebrating their own beliefs and experiences …

From Prompts To Invitations: Rethinking The Genre Of The Writing Assignment Sheet, Amber Jensen, Annika Peacock

Teaching/Writing: The Journal of Writing Teacher Education

In this article, a university-based teacher educator and a first-year middle school ELA teacher examine how their experiences in the writing methods course (as teacher and student) unsettled and expanded their thinking about assignment sheets and about themselves as teacher-writers. The course prompted questions about how ELA teachers might craft assignments that modeled rhetorically-relevant writing while also eliciting rhetorically-relevant writing from student-writers. The authors describe the genre inquiry they conducted that led to developing a heuristic for writing prompts as invitations that they have used to guide their own assignment sheet creation. Finally, they reflect briefly on how reframing this …

From Corrector To Reader: Pre-Service Teachers’ Writing Values And Feedback, Amanda Brewer

Teaching/Writing: The Journal of Writing Teacher Education

This study investigates the written feedback practices of secondary English Pre-Service Teachers (PSTs) to understand how their values regarding "good" writing influence their comments on student work. Through analysis of feedback on 10th-grade writing samples and value-sorting surveys, the study examines their feedback tendencies and the links with their values. Findings indicate a significant shift over the semester from a directive, deficit-based "corrector" stance to a facilitative, asset-based "reader" stance. The data suggests that when PSTs lack specific metalinguistic language, they default to generic advice or mechanical correction. However, when instructed to align their feedback with their core writing values, …

Building A Foundation: Preservice Teachers' Exploration Of Writing Studies - Special Issue, Ellen Shelton

Teaching/Writing: The Journal of Writing Teacher Education

This article examines the Concept Exploration Essay assignment in a writing studies course that encourages PSTs to explore and question writing theories as they connect to their own experiences and understandings. The focus of the course is to develop an understanding of the self as a writer and as a future writing teacher through practical application of composition theory. Students are invited into the Burkean Parlor and enter the conversation as scholars. The students explore, question, and trouble complex writing theories in a dialogic classroom. PSTs leave the course empowered with the knowledge they can allow their future students the …

Introduction: Echoes, Effects, And Resonance: Examining The Writing Methods Course, Elizabeth Thackeray Nelson, Erinn Bentley, Jonathan E. Bush

Teaching/Writing: The Journal of Writing Teacher Education

No abstract provided.

A Hybrid Deep Learning Model Combining Cnn And Extreme Learning Machine For Cyberattack Classification, Israa S. Kamil

Journal of Intelligent Informatics, Networking, and Cybersecurity

As ransomware attacks and zero-day exploits grow sophisticated, the need for intelligent, accurate systems to detect such threats becomes clearer. In this paper, a hybrid learning model based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) is presented to improve multiclass classification performance for cybersecurity applications. The framework combines CNNs' hierarchical feature learning with ELMs' fast classification. An attention mechanism that assigns weights to each feature based on importance is included in the final model. The hybrid model performed well on the metrics: precision = 0.97, recall = 0.98, and F1- score = 0.97, and, as expected from …

Towards Intelligent Iot-Ndn Security: Ai-Driven Pit Attack Detection And Cache Attack Analysis, Sura Haidar Ali, Alaa Shawqi Jaber

Journal of Intelligent Informatics, Networking, and Cybersecurity

Beginning with Named Data Networking (NDN), an early form of information-centric networks, the paradigm of how data is transmitted over a network was changed through the use of ``content-based'' communication instead of ``host-based'', while creating native caching at intermediate points along the path to each destination, and improving upon the security of all previous paradigms. NDN contains many inherent benefits such as caching, security, etc., but like any other paradigm, NDN creates new types of vulnerabilities, particularly within some of the key elements of this paradigm; namely the Content Store (CS), Pending Interest Table (PIT), and the Forwarding Information Base …

A Multidimensional Conceptual Framework For Supportive Outdoor Environments In Healthcare Settings, Mona Ali, Dalia A. Beheiry, Rowaida Kamel, Hammam Serageldin

HBRC Journal

The integration of supportive outdoor environments (SOEs) in healthcare settings has gained increasing attention for their potential to enhance patient recovery, support staff well-being, and contribute to holistic therapeutic outcomes. This scoping review examines design recommendations for inclusive outdoor environments in healthcare settings that impact user health and experience. Guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) framework for scoping reviews, a comprehensive search was conducted across five databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, JSTOR, Sage), yielding 697 records. Following screening and applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 18 articles were selected for analysis. This scoping review identified consistent evidence linking outdoor …

The Caldwell High‑Viability Open‑Hardware Portfolio (2026 Edition) A Field‑Indexed Directory Of Reinforced, Builder‑Ready, And Research‑Ready Systems Across Water, Wildfire, Fuel, Materials, Medical Research, Space, Agriculture, Energy, And Environmental Telemetry, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure presents the highest‑viability Caldwell open‑hardware systems published to date — including all reinforced editions, builder‑ready architectures, and research‑ready platforms across multiple engineering domains. Only systems with strong structural feasibility, realistic physics, modular integration, and clear deployment pathways are included. Conceptual‑tagged disclosures appear only when the underlying architecture is viable, research‑ready, or part of a reinforced stack.

This directory is designed to help researchers, engineers, institutions, and humanitarian organizations quickly locate inventions by field, use‑case, and problem domain, ensuring fast navigation across the full Caldwell ecosystem.

All systems are open‑hardware, no patents, no secrets, and builder‑ready or research‑ready.

Natural Language Evaluation And Instantiation Controls For Search Targeting, Google Case Managers Picozzi, Julia Maria Lennerz, Federico Giannoni, Desislava Mariova Tsvetkova, William Stephen Van Der Kamp, Wenjun Lu, Marcin Grzegorz Szubert, Oliver Albert Kiderle

Defensive Publications Series

Syntactic query targeting exclusions are often imprecise. Extensive manual management of syntactic string variations is required. Consequently, relevant search queries are frequently over-filtered, and complex semantic variations are missed. Natural language matching guidelines are utilized to dynamically control search query targeting. Synthetic training data is generated by a large language model. This synthetic data includes simulated guidelines and labeled search queries. The generated data is utilized to train a low-latency serving model. Incoming search queries and contextual signals are converted into vector representations during online serving. The semantic intent of the incoming queries is evaluated against an internal representation of …

Execution Of Browser Agent Tasks Using Event-Based And Time-Based Triggers, Akancha Murlidhar Gupta

Defensive Publications Series

A browser agent system is utilized for executing browser-based tasks responsive to temporal triggers, event triggers, or combinations thereof. The system receives a task request associated with a future action and stores a task definition including execution parameters, user preferences, authentication information, and browser-session context. A trigger-monitoring subsystem evaluates trigger conditions, including scheduled events, recurring schedules, notifications, price changes, availability changes, webpage changes, and other detectable events, and initiates execution when a trigger condition is satisfied. To enable execution when a browser application is inactive or closed, the system restores previously stored browser-session context and launches an execution environment locally …

Optimizing Shopping Search Using Artificial Intelligence By Separating And Recombining Search Terms, Lois Wolf

Defensive Publications Series

An electronic search system and method process multi-dimensional shopping queries by executing a real-time union of multi-aspect parameters across multiple web domains. The system receives a user query specifying a product and multiple desired characteristics. Rather than relying on a static, pre-existing search index or database, a backend processing pipeline takes live uniform resource locators (URLs) generated from a primary parallel search. The system dynamically navigates to these specific product pages in real-time to extract and analyze unindexed user review data on the fly. By performing semantic keyword analysis across disparate vendor sites, the backend skill evaluates the intersection of …

System And Method For Measuring Depth Using Synchronized Acoustic And Visual Data Fusion, Ashish Singh, Ahmet Cengiz Öztireli

Defensive Publications Series

A depth measuring technique is disclosed that uses the device speakers and microphones of the mobile device to serve as an active sonar. By combining the acoustic data from the active sonar with visual data from the camera, the depth sensing of the mobile device can be made more accurate and repeatable without requiring added cost and complexity of specialized depth-sensing hardware.

Browser Framework For Deceptive Content Detection Via Large Language Model Page Intent Analysis, Tamar Yakar, Ilia Labzovsky

Defensive Publications Series

Reactive browser security measures are bypassed by deceptive web pages deployed on unrated domains that employ psychological manipulation vectors. To address this, text and spatial bounding boxes are extracted from a document object model via an asynchronous browser pipeline to generate a layout graph. The layout graph is processed client-side via a local language model using a spatial-textual transformer architecture. Scores for specific persuasion techniques are evaluated via distinct multi-task classification heads. Attention weights are extracted and linked to structural node identifiers to formulate grounded user warnings. Predictive threat detection is achieved based on semantic intent rather than historical domain …

Simulating Physical Touch In Mixed Reality Through Visual Skin Deformation And Color Changes, Ashish Singh, Ahmet Cengiz Öztireli

Defensive Publications Series

In Mixed Reality (MR) environments, interacting with virtual objects using bare hands often breaks the immersive illusion because the user’s hands can pass through virtual objects without visual consequence. This effect disrupts the user’s sense of realism and makes it difficult to perform precise interactions. Without haptic feedback or visual cues, it is difficult to accurately grasp or press virtual objects. Existing solutions rely on cumbersome hardware like haptic gloves or apply virtual shadows that offer only depth cues without conveying physical resistance. This disclosure describes a software to configure an MR system to visually simulate physical contact between the …

Restricting Access To Suspicious Webpages Using Enterprise Policies, Benjamin Albert Azose, Robert Shield

Defensive Publications Series

An enterprise-managed browser security system utilizes browser-security policies configured by an enterprise administrator to control access to webpages. Webpage information associated with a requested webpage is analyzed by a security-classification service to generate a security verdict indicative of webpage risk. An enterprise-managed browser instance receives the security verdict, evaluates the security verdict relative to one or more browser-security policies, and determines whether access to the webpage should be permitted, restricted, warned against, or blocked. In some implementations, webpages associated with suspicious, elevated-risk, or intermediate-risk classifications are subjected to additional security controls that exceed protections applied in regular browser environments.

High Dynamic Range Image Generation For Extended Reality Headsets Using Differential Camera Exposure, Alexander Graehl Williams

Defensive Publications Series

Image capture devices typically exhibit a limited dynamic range relative to natural human vision, frequently resulting in overexposed highlights or underexposed shadows. This limitation can present visual challenges in head-mounted wearable displays where captured video feeds replace natural human vision. A method for generating high dynamic range imagery is described. A first camera associated with a first eye may be configured with an elevated exposure setting to capture shadow details. A second camera associated with a second eye may be configured with a reduced exposure setting to capture highlight details. Overlapping central regions of the captured image streams are merged …

Automated Synthesis Of Verifiable Automation Packages From Interactive Session Telemetry, Romek Rutowski, Piotr Nalewajko, Paramesh Manickavelu

Defensive Publications Series

A challenge in systems management can be converting workflows from interactive, non-deterministic sessions with agentic systems into reusable automation, as some methods may involve manual refactoring or produce scripts with environmental dependencies. An automated pipeline can ingest unstructured session telemetry, such as command logs, and programmatically synthesize a structured and self-contained software package. For example, the system can distill a sequence of operations, perform dependency resolution to create executable commands, flatten logic for portability, and generate a validation suite based on the original session's outputs. This process can convert an ephemeral workflow into a more deterministic and portable asset, which …

Privacy-Preserving Feedback Loop Using Synthesized Contextual Exemplars, Tomek Rutowski, Paramesh Manickavelu, Paul Hsu, Saeed Mirza, Stevan Malesevic

Defensive Publications Series

A challenge for natural-language-to-SQL systems involves leveraging historical user context to improve query generation while mitigating privacy and security risks associated with storing raw user data. A method can address this through a privacy-preserving feedback loop. A system can programmatically identify successful query interactions, and then anonymize and synthesize the conversational history into an exemplar composed of a synthetic natural language intent and its corresponding successful structured query language query. These anonymized exemplars may be stored in a shared, decoupled repository. When a user submits a new query, relevant historical exemplars can be retrieved and injected as few-shot examples into …

Enhanced Location Retrieval Function (Lrf) For Openroaming, Mark Grayson, Sri Gundavelli, Matthew S Macpherson

Defensive Publications Series

Proposed herein are techniques that leverage OpenRoaming authentication without requiring evolved Packet Data Gateway (ePDG) integration to provide an enhanced convergent service, such as improved accuracy for a dispatchable location used for an emergency call. The techniques can use network provided location information (NPLI) associated with Wi-Fi and cellular attachments to improve a location service for a device that is simultaneously attached to cellular and Wi-Fi access.

First-Turn Response Caching For Conversational Ai Agents Using Context-Aware Keys, Ankit Aggarwal

Defensive Publications Series

Conversational artificial intelligence systems may experience inefficiencies when processing high-frequency initial user queries, as routing repetitive requests to a backend generative model can lead to redundant computations and increased response latency. A response caching system can use pre-model and post-model execution callbacks to manage a cache, for example, an in-memory cache. For certain requests, such as qualifying first-turn requests, the system may generate a context-aware composite key from a user's query text, an agent's system instructions, and its available tools. If a matching key is found, a stored response can be returned, which may bypass a call to the backend …

Accelerating Emergency Call Retry By Inferring Bearer Deactivation From Ancillary Network Messages, Edison Chen

Defensive Publications Series

Mobile communication systems may experience delays when retrying a failed emergency call during a network handover. These delays can occur when a user equipment (UE), such as a smartphone, smart watch, or vehicle communication system, waits for a network timer to expire to confirm resource release from a failed connection, particularly if a deactivation confirmation message is not received. A technique is described where a UE's communication modem can infer the deactivation of a failed bearer by analyzing ancillary network messages, such as a tracking area update accept message. The modem can parse an information element within this message that …

Gig Workers' Identity Construction In Pakistan's Platform Economy, Zubair Ahmed Pirzada, Shoukat Ali Mahar, Muhammad Haneef Gambhir

Business Review

The rapid expansion of Pakistan’s platform economy has introduced digitally mediated labor arrangements that fundamentally restructure occupational identities and the meanings workers attach to their work. Based on constructivist grounded theory, this study delves into the process of gig workers' self-negotiated and self-built occupational identities in the gig economy in the city of Karachi in Pakistan. Through in-depth interviews with 43 platform workers in Karachi (25 ride-sharing drivers and 18 food delivery riders), the analysis produced the Adaptive Identity Construction Framework, theorizing identity construction as a simultaneous process across temporal, algorithmic, and sociocultural dimensions. Four types of identity were formed: …

Back Cover

AMBROSIA 客道 : The Magazine of The International Culinary Institute

No abstract provided.