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Articles 18481 - 18510 of 5149864
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Integrating Engineering Properties And Microstructural Behaviour In Lime-Stabilised Soils: A Review, Roslizayati Razali, Diana Che Lat, Hairol Anuar Haron, Siti Nur Aishah Mohd Noor, Nadia Zalikha Sailfullizam, Nur Syazwani Noor Rodi, Nor Azizah Che Azmi
Integrating Engineering Properties And Microstructural Behaviour In Lime-Stabilised Soils: A Review, Roslizayati Razali, Diana Che Lat, Hairol Anuar Haron, Siti Nur Aishah Mohd Noor, Nadia Zalikha Sailfullizam, Nur Syazwani Noor Rodi, Nor Azizah Che Azmi
Platform: A Journal of Engineering (PAJE)
Lime stabilisation is a widely used ground improvement technique for enhancing the engineering performance of problematic fine-grained soils. This review summarises recent studies on the mechanisms of lime stabilisation and their effect on the engineering properties and microstructural behaviour of stabilised soils. Lime treatment improves soil performance through cation exchange, flocculation, and pozzolanic reactions, resulting in the formation of cementitious compounds such as calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) and calcium aluminate hydrate (CAH). These reactions reduce plasticity and swelling while improving strength and durability. The review also discusses the influence of soil type, lime content, and curing period on the effectiveness …
Re: Conditional Approval Letter For The Final Silver Bow Creek Conservation Area Materials Management Plan (Dated May 28, 2026), Emma Rott
Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site
No abstract provided.
The Data Scavenger Hunt: An Innovative Tool For Building Data Confidence And Collaboration, Jenrose Fitzgerald, Amber Lewis, Ally Terhaar
The Data Scavenger Hunt: An Innovative Tool For Building Data Confidence And Collaboration, Jenrose Fitzgerald, Amber Lewis, Ally Terhaar
Center for Social Development Research
Home Works is an evidence-based program that partners with Missouri families and teachers to strengthen the bridge between home and school. With programs that have reached more than 120 schools since the organization was founded in 2007, Home Works manages an abundance of data about ongoing efforts to build connections among teachers, students, and families. After developing a new theory of change in 2024, Home Works leaders wanted to ensure that their data collection, analysis, and dissemination were aligned with their programmatic goals. This Practice Brief presents a case study on the approach Home Works used to improve that alignment.
Early Insights On Delivering Pride In Place, Katharine Willis, Kasper De Graaf
Early Insights On Delivering Pride In Place, Katharine Willis, Kasper De Graaf
School of Art, Design and Architecture
This paper presents early-stage insights from a research study commissioned by Key Cities (KC) and carried out by the Key Cities Innovation Network (KCIN) in partnership with the Centre for Place at the University of Plymouth. The study examines the implementation and early delivery of the Government’s flagship Pride in Place (PiP) Programme across a representative sample of Phase 1 and Phase 2 neighbourhoods within the Key Cities network.Findings are drawn from interviews with Members of Parliament and local authority representatives in six selected PiP neighbourhoods. At the time of writing, fieldwork in five of the six case-study areas has …
Regenerating Publics - Developmental Inclusion: Neighborhood Opportunities And Public Realm Obstacles In Plymouth, Uk, Alessandro Aurigi
Regenerating Publics - Developmental Inclusion: Neighborhood Opportunities And Public Realm Obstacles In Plymouth, Uk, Alessandro Aurigi
School of Art, Design and Architecture
The area around Union Street in Plymouth, UK, has been facing processes of decline. Key historical buildings sit empty, with deteriorating fabrics, epitomizing the socio-economic condition of the neighborhood. This paper explores perceptions of ‘inclusion’ in Union Street, and visions to improve it, through interviews with key stakeholders from community groups, the local authority, local businesses, landlords, local health organizations, visitors and designers. Whilst some local actors amplify inclusive processes - for example in the low-cost re-use of spaces to host micro, alternative businesses or community initiatives – these efforts clash with a general perception of a depleted and unsafe …
Artificial Intelligence In Academic Publishing: A South West Clinical School Journal Editorial, Holly Streeter
Artificial Intelligence In Academic Publishing: A South West Clinical School Journal Editorial, Holly Streeter
South West Clinical School Journal
No abstract provided.
Expiratory Muscle Strength Training After Total Laryngectomy: A People And Communities’ Consultation Report, Sarah Fletcher
Expiratory Muscle Strength Training After Total Laryngectomy: A People And Communities’ Consultation Report, Sarah Fletcher
South West Clinical School Journal
No abstract provided.
Referral Patterns To Physiotherapy Outpatient Services Following Withdrawal Of First Contact Physiotherapy: A Service Evaluation Project Proposal, Kadri Schoneich-Argent
Referral Patterns To Physiotherapy Outpatient Services Following Withdrawal Of First Contact Physiotherapy: A Service Evaluation Project Proposal, Kadri Schoneich-Argent
South West Clinical School Journal
No abstract provided.
The Occupational Therapist’S Role In Child And Adolescent Mental Health Services, Sue Ritchie
The Occupational Therapist’S Role In Child And Adolescent Mental Health Services, Sue Ritchie
South West Clinical School Journal
No abstract provided.
Bearcat Advantage: Year Two Evaluation Report, Michelle Miller-Adams, Kyle Huisman, Bridget Timmeney, Kevin Hollenbeck
Bearcat Advantage: Year Two Evaluation Report, Michelle Miller-Adams, Kyle Huisman, Bridget Timmeney, Kevin Hollenbeck
Reports
No abstract provided.
Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Lama Rawat Inap Pasien Demam Berdarah Dengue Di Rumah Sakit Islam Nahdlatul Ulama Demak, Akhmad Safi’I, Solikhatur Rohmah, Muhammad Zulfikar Asumta, Abdul Aziz, Masruroh Hasyim, Zulfa Khusniyah, Mukhamad Rajin
Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Lama Rawat Inap Pasien Demam Berdarah Dengue Di Rumah Sakit Islam Nahdlatul Ulama Demak, Akhmad Safi’I, Solikhatur Rohmah, Muhammad Zulfikar Asumta, Abdul Aziz, Masruroh Hasyim, Zulfa Khusniyah, Mukhamad Rajin
Jurnal ARSI : Administrasi Rumah Sakit Indonesia
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an acute infectious disease that often requires hospitalization with a variable length of stay (LOS). Several factors have been shown to influence LOS; however, findings from previous studies conducted in different hospitals remain inconsistent. This study aimed to analyze the association between age, gender, platelet count, hematocrit level, and leukocyte count with LOS among patients with DHF at Nahdlatul Ulama Islamic Hospital (RSI NU) Demak. This study employed a cross-sectional design using medical record data from 64 hospitalized patients with DHF admitted between January and May 2025, selected through purposive sampling. The sample eligibility criteria …
Foulkes Continues To Lead Dem Gubernatorial Primary In Rhode Island, Block Could Play Decisive Role In General 6/30/2026, Unh Survey Center
Foulkes Continues To Lead Dem Gubernatorial Primary In Rhode Island, Block Could Play Decisive Role In General 6/30/2026, Unh Survey Center
All UNH Survey Center Polls
Helena Foulkes remains the leader in the race for the Democratic nomination for Rhode Island governor in 2026, but incumbent Dan McKee has narrowed the gap somewhat since April. Foulkes leads in a hypothetical general election matchup with a generic Republican nominee and Independent Ken Block, while McKee is tied with a Republican nominee and Block. Incumbent Democratic Senator Jack Reed continues to lead challenger Connor Burbridge in the Democratic primary for U.S. Senate. Only one-fifth of Rhode Islanders feel the state is headed in the right direction, slightly lower than in 2024.
Races Tighten In New Hampshire For Governor And U.S. Senate 6/30/2026, Unh Survey Center
Races Tighten In New Hampshire For Governor And U.S. Senate 6/30/2026, Unh Survey Center
All UNH Survey Center Polls
Congressman Chris Pappas continues to have the support of a majority of likely Democratic primary voters but his lead over scientist Karishma Manzur has narrowed since April, with young and left-wing voters favoring Manzur. Pappas continues to hold a clear lead over former Massachusetts Senator Scott Brown in a general election matchup, but is statistically tied with former Senator John E. Sununu. In the race for Governor, incumbent Kelly Ayotte holds a small lead over presumptive Democratic nominee Cinde Warmington, with Warmington closing the gap slightly since April. Granite Staters remain mixed in their assessment of Governor Ayotte's job performance …
The Psychology Of Diplomacy In The Palestinian-Israeli Conflict: The Role Of Emotions And Perceptions In Peace Negotiations, Tomy Octavian, Linda Noviyana
The Psychology Of Diplomacy In The Palestinian-Israeli Conflict: The Role Of Emotions And Perceptions In Peace Negotiations, Tomy Octavian, Linda Noviyana
Journal Of Middle East and Islamic Studies
The Palestinian-Israeli conflict remains one of the major challenges in building sustainable peace through diplomacy. This study analyzes the role of emotions and perceptions in Palestinian-Israeli peace negotiations through the perspective of diplomacy psychology. Using an integrative literature review and an integrated theory approach that combines psychological theories and international relations theories, this study synthesizes empirical and conceptual findings on the Palestinian-Israeli peace negotiation process. The results of the analysis show that negative emotions such as fear, hatred, and anger worsen diplomatic relations and hinder peace deals. Distorted perceptions of the other side's intentions and identities, as well as conflicting …
Fashion Industry: Analysis Of Strategies And Roles Of Stakeholders To Realize Indonesia As The Center Of Global Halal Fashion, Hanna Abimafy Mawaddatunnisa, Nur Fatwa, Nurwahidin Nurwahidin
Fashion Industry: Analysis Of Strategies And Roles Of Stakeholders To Realize Indonesia As The Center Of Global Halal Fashion, Hanna Abimafy Mawaddatunnisa, Nur Fatwa, Nurwahidin Nurwahidin
Journal Of Middle East and Islamic Studies
Indonesia, through the Halal Product Assurance Agency (BPJPH), has launched the Indonesia Global Halal Fashion (IGHF) initiative in collaboration with the textile industry and fashion designers during Indonesia Fashion Week 2024. This initiative aims to position Indonesia as a global hub for halal fashion—distinct from general Muslim fashion by incorporating halal principles throughout the entire production chain. Despite its vast potential, the development of halal fashion in Indonesia still faces challenges, particularly in capturing consumer preferences and defining comprehensive regulatory standards. This study adopts a qualitative approach, integrating SWOT analysis, STP (Segmentation, Targeting, Positioning), and the Quadruple Helix framework to …
Social Complex Systems In Virtual Thirdspaces Of Global Education: Sites Of Structural Inequalities And Radical Pedagogical Possibilities, José Luis Figarotti Jimenez
Social Complex Systems In Virtual Thirdspaces Of Global Education: Sites Of Structural Inequalities And Radical Pedagogical Possibilities, José Luis Figarotti Jimenez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
While Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) and Virtual Exchange (VE) are celebrated as democratizing tools fostering intercultural understanding, this techno-utopian narrative obscures a complex reality: the virtual classroom is a contested social field where global inequalities are reproduced and amplified. This dissertation interrogates this paradox, exploring how structural inequalities, digital divides, and epistemic hierarchies are negotiated within the Virtual Thirdspace of global education. Integrating Structural Inequalities (Galtung, 1969; Farmer, 2004; Tilly, 1998; and Young, 2008), Critical Environmental Justice (Pellow, 2018), Intersectionality (Crenshaw, 1989), World-Systems Analysis (Wallerstein, 1974), and Thirdspace theory (Soja, 1996), the study examines this terrain as both a …
Modeling Framework To Demonstrate Elimination Of A Vector Population: Tsetse Elimination In Chad, John Hargrove, Mahamat Hissene Mahamat, Moukhtar Aldjibert, Wilfrid Yoni, Djoukzoumka Signaboubo, Justin Darnas, Ernest Salou, Inaki Tirados, Albert Mugenyi, Priscille Barreaux, Philippe Solano, Antoine Marc Gaby Barreaux
Modeling Framework To Demonstrate Elimination Of A Vector Population: Tsetse Elimination In Chad, John Hargrove, Mahamat Hissene Mahamat, Moukhtar Aldjibert, Wilfrid Yoni, Djoukzoumka Signaboubo, Justin Darnas, Ernest Salou, Inaki Tirados, Albert Mugenyi, Priscille Barreaux, Philippe Solano, Antoine Marc Gaby Barreaux
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
Every year, over 700,000 people, particularly children under five, die from vector-borne diseases worldwide. Effectively controlling endemics and preventing new outbreaks requires an integrated approach that can lead to the elimination of both vectors and diseases. In the last two decades, integrating medical interventions and vector control has significantly reduced the incidence of Gambian Human African Trypanosomiasis (g-HAT), with the World Health Organization validating eight countries as having eliminated the disease as a public health problem. However, elimination of the tsetse vector has not been confirmed, leaving the possibility of re-emergence. We developed a six-step modeling framework to assess vector …
53 E 177 Llc V. Martinez Perez
53 E 177 Llc V. Martinez Perez
All Decisions
Petitioner sought to amend the notice of petition and petition to correct an inaccurate apartment designation (4B-A vs. 4B). The court denied the cross-motion to amend, holding that the defective predicate notice cannot be amended and that amendment would not cure the affidavits of service, which stated service was made at apartment 4B-A rather than apartment 4B.
Correction: Impact Of Flipped Classroom And Virtual Reality On Dental Students' Local Anesthesia Training, Yu-Wei Chiu, Ming-Yi Lu, Chih-Yu Peng, Yi-Tzu Chen
Correction: Impact Of Flipped Classroom And Virtual Reality On Dental Students' Local Anesthesia Training, Yu-Wei Chiu, Ming-Yi Lu, Chih-Yu Peng, Yi-Tzu Chen
Journal of Medical Education
A Correction on Impact of Flipped Classroom and Virtual Reality on Dental Students' Local Anesthesia Training by Chiu Y-W, Lu M-Y, Peng C-Y, and Chen Y-T. Journal of Medical Education. 2025;29(4):205–211. doi:10.67010/1028-2424.2040
Reason for Correction
The Funding Acknowledgement in the original article was incomplete. The following statement was originally published: ``This research was supported by the Teaching Practice Research Program of the Ministry of Education, Taiwan (Grant No. PMN1110015).''
The Funding Acknowledgement should read: ``This research was supported by the Teaching Practice Research Program of the Ministry of Education, Taiwan (Grant No. PMN1110015) and Chung Shan Medical University …
High-Fidelity Simulation Training With Multisource Media Integration For Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Assessment Of Learning Motivation And Self-Reported Confidence In Perceived Clinical Competencies, Yung-Chi Hsu, Cheng-Yi Chao, Wei-Hung Chan, Yao-Chia Liu, Wei-Cheng Tseng, Chun Lun Hsu, Jen-Jiuan Liaw
High-Fidelity Simulation Training With Multisource Media Integration For Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Assessment Of Learning Motivation And Self-Reported Confidence In Perceived Clinical Competencies, Yung-Chi Hsu, Cheng-Yi Chao, Wei-Hung Chan, Yao-Chia Liu, Wei-Cheng Tseng, Chun Lun Hsu, Jen-Jiuan Liaw
Journal of Medical Education
Background: High-fidelity simulation has become essential in medical education, yet integration with advanced multimedia technologies remains underexplored. This study evaluated the effectiveness of combining high-fidelity simulation with multisource media systems (HFS-MMS) on emergency medicine residents' learning motivation and clinical competencies.
Methods: This quasi-experimental pre-post study included 72 postgraduate year-1 residents (74.2% completion rate) participating in technology-enhanced emergency medicine training. The intervention integrated high-fidelity simulation with comprehensive multimedia capabilities including multi-angle video recording, instant replay, mobile accessibility, and social learning platforms. Participants engaged in intensive 2-hour group training sessions featuring standardized emergency scenarios with progressive complexity. Outcome measures included validated assessments …
Advancing Medical Education Scholarship: A New Milestone For The Journal Of Medical Education, Huey-Ling Chen
Advancing Medical Education Scholarship: A New Milestone For The Journal Of Medical Education, Huey-Ling Chen
Journal of Medical Education
No abstract provided.
Evolution Of Respiratory Therapist Training In Taiwan: A 17-Year Journey From Legislation To Competency-Based Education, Wei-Jhen Wang, Cheng-Heng Liu, Yun-Ting Tseng, Yi-Ting Hung, Hui-Jiuan Chen, Yao-Wen Kuo, Huey-Ling Chen
Evolution Of Respiratory Therapist Training In Taiwan: A 17-Year Journey From Legislation To Competency-Based Education, Wei-Jhen Wang, Cheng-Heng Liu, Yun-Ting Tseng, Yi-Ting Hung, Hui-Jiuan Chen, Yao-Wen Kuo, Huey-Ling Chen
Journal of Medical Education
Respiratory therapist (RT) training in Taiwan has evolved over two decades, progressing from legislative foundation to a competency-based education framework. The Respiratory Therapists Act, promulgated in 2002, formalized the profession and mandated national licensure. Subsequently, university-level programs emerged, replacing hospital-based training. To bridge the gap between academic preparation and clinical demands, a nationwide two-year post-graduate year (PGY) training program was implemented in 2007, currently delivered across 13 accredited training institutions. Through the institutional experience of National Taiwan University Hospital (NTUH), presented as an illustrative case study, we describe a 17-year, feedback-driven process of continuous improvement encompassing 16 curriculum revisions. Recent …
Problem-Based Learning In Mackay Medical University: Improvement From Student-Initiated Assessment, I-Ling Huang, Yi-Chieh Cheng, Chao-Feng Lin
Problem-Based Learning In Mackay Medical University: Improvement From Student-Initiated Assessment, I-Ling Huang, Yi-Chieh Cheng, Chao-Feng Lin
Journal of Medical Education
Statement of purpose: In Problem-Based Learning (PBL), aligning student self-directed inquiry with intended curricular objectives is critical yet challenging to assess. This study introduces a novel assessment method using keyword identification to quantify the cognitive alignment between medical students and case writers. We aimed to analyze learning discrepancies and students' performance trajectories to inform curriculum refinement.
Methods of study: A mixed cross-sectional and longitudinal study was conducted at MacKay Medical University over three consecutive semesters (November 2023–December 2024). Junior and senior medical students completed anonymous questionnaires, submitting five keywords post-course to represent perceived learning objectives. Student responses were compared against …
Still Chilly? Intersecting Inequalities In The Hidden Curriculum Faced By Female Medical Students, Hsing-Chen Yang
Still Chilly? Intersecting Inequalities In The Hidden Curriculum Faced By Female Medical Students, Hsing-Chen Yang
Journal of Medical Education
Background: Feminist scholars have used the term ``chilly classroom'' to describe the marginalization of women in higher education. The present study investigated female medical students' experiences with and strategies for coping with the chilly classroom in the ``hidden curriculum'' of unspoken gender and class norms.
Methods: Qualitative semistructured interviews were conducted with 20 female medical students (Years 1–6) of a Taiwanese university; the interviews were recorded, and the transcripts were subjected to thematic analysis.
Results: Three themes emerged from the interviews: (1) culture of hierarchical interactions, (2) family privilege and exclusive access to resources, and (3) gender discrimination and perpetuation …
Developing Entrustable Professional Activities For Entry-Level Dietitians: A Nationwide Consensus Study In Taiwan, Meng-Chuan Huang, Su-E Kuo, Hui-Ping Chang, Hsiu-Yueh Su, Huei-Min Linda Chin, Chiao-I Chang, Chih-Wei Yang
Developing Entrustable Professional Activities For Entry-Level Dietitians: A Nationwide Consensus Study In Taiwan, Meng-Chuan Huang, Su-E Kuo, Hui-Ping Chang, Hsiu-Yueh Su, Huei-Min Linda Chin, Chiao-I Chang, Chih-Wei Yang
Journal of Medical Education
Background: Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) translate competency-based education into observable workplace tasks. This study aimed to develop EPAs for entry-level dietitians in Taiwan using a nationwide consensus-based approach.
Methods: A three-phase design was applied: (1) job analysis to identify core tasks; (2) three national workshops with 101 experts to draft EPAs; and (3) two consensus meetings with 29–30 experts using structured focus group discussions (FGDs) with anonymous voting to finalize the EPA framework and EPA/competency matrix. Consensus was defined as ≥ 50% agreement.
Results: In Phase 1, candidate EPAs were identified through job analysis and expert ratings, with items achieving …
Rethinking The Assessment In Soap: The D.D. & C.C.C., Paul-Jer Chen, Hsiao-Chuan Lin, Walter Chen
Rethinking The Assessment In Soap: The D.D. & C.C.C., Paul-Jer Chen, Hsiao-Chuan Lin, Walter Chen
Journal of Medical Education
The SOAP framework serves as the standard operating procedure for patient care and clinical documentation. While gathering ``Subjective'' and ``Objective'' data is relatively straightforward, the ``Assessment'' phase is the most challenging, requiring complex clinical reasoning and a synthesis of evidence. This paper proposes an innovative mnemonic, D.D. & C.C.C. (Differential Diagnosis, Cause, Consequence, and Complication), to systematize this process. The D.D. component encourages considering alternative diagnoses to prevent medical errors. The three Cs guide physicians in identifying specific etiology, predicting natural disease progression, and evaluating potential secondary risks. Integrating these elements into the ``Plan'' (Diagnostic, Therapeutic, and Educational) ensures logical …
A Practical Innovation In Scoring The Ottawa Resident Observation Form For Nurses (O-Ron), Pei-Yu Chen, Chui-Jia Farn, Kuan-Wen Wu, Ting-Ming Wang, Chih-Kai Hong
A Practical Innovation In Scoring The Ottawa Resident Observation Form For Nurses (O-Ron), Pei-Yu Chen, Chui-Jia Farn, Kuan-Wen Wu, Ting-Ming Wang, Chih-Kai Hong
Journal of Medical Education
Background: The Ottawa Resident Observation Form for Nurses (O-RON) is increasingly used for workplace-based assessment, yet guidance on numerical scoring remains limited, potentially affecting interpretability and educational utility.
Objectives: To explore an innovative, practical approach to numerical scoring for O-RON that balances reliability, discrimination, and usability in clinical education.
Methods: Nine alternative scoring schemes were examined by varying the middle-category score between 1 and 9 while fixing extreme categories at 0 and 10. Thirteen nurses evaluated four first-year orthopaedic residents using the Chinese O-RON. Internal consistency, inter-rater reliability, criterion-related performance, and group discrimination were explored across scoring schemes.
Results: Higher …
Workforce Readiness And The Humanities: Building Internship Pathways In Slavic And East European Studies, Ani Kokobobo
Workforce Readiness And The Humanities: Building Internship Pathways In Slavic And East European Studies, Ani Kokobobo
Russian Language Journal
As workforce readiness becomes an increasingly central metric for evaluating academic programs, humanities disciplines, particularly small language and area studies fields such as Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies (SEEES), face growing pressure to demonstrate measurable employment outcomes. Drawing on national and state-level workforce policy frameworks, employer competency data, and the author’s administrative experience as Dean of Liberal Arts, this article argues that SEEES programs are uniquely positioned to meet contemporary career readiness mandates without compromising their intellectual and civic missions. The article reframes SEEES not as an at-risk humanities field, but as a high-value incubator of precisely the competencies …
Russian For The Professions: Creating An M.A. Program In The Context Of Holistic Foreign Language Instruction, Angela Brintlinger, Andrei Cretu, Helen Myers, Emma Pratt, Larysa Stepanova
Russian For The Professions: Creating An M.A. Program In The Context Of Holistic Foreign Language Instruction, Angela Brintlinger, Andrei Cretu, Helen Myers, Emma Pratt, Larysa Stepanova
Russian Language Journal
This paper presents the design, implementation, and some preliminary outcomes of measures aiming at integrating career readiness into the Russian language program at Ohio State University through the creation of a “Russian for the Professions” (RFP) stand-alone M.A. degree. While the M.A. program is still relatively small, its courses serve a larger contingent of students who have achieved or aspire to higher language competency. The key component of the program comprises courses offering specialized language skills in business, cybersecurity, government and foreign affairs, information services, media, and translation. Career-focused curricular offerings are supplemented by programming offered in partnership with industry …
Spotlight: Resources For Listening Proficiency In Russian, Molly Godwin-Jones
Spotlight: Resources For Listening Proficiency In Russian, Molly Godwin-Jones
Russian Language Journal
The Digital Resources Corner (DRC) offers reviews of new digital resources that could be beneficial in the teaching and/or learning of Slavic languages. It is intended for instructors looking for or evaluating different materials to use in the classroom.