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Mobile Application-Assisted Observation Of Hand Hygiene Practices Among Nurses In A Tertiary Care Center A Cross-Sectional Study, A Malini, B Bhuvaneshwari

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Improper hand hygiene (HH) practices are responsible for nearly 40% of health care-associated infections (HCAIs). Good HH measures are the most cost-effective means of reducing its incidence. Health-care workers (HCWs) play an important role in reducing HCAI by adhering to HH and intensive care unit protocols.

OBJECTIVES:

The objectives of the study are to assess the knowledge regarding HH among nurses using a questionnaire and to assess compliance to the WHO's “My five moments of hand hygiene” among nurses using a mobile application (App).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This was an observational cross-sectional study in a tertiary care center conducted …

Correlation Between Cigarette Smoking And Raised Intraocular Pressure In Males, Sushmita Mukherji, Soumen Karmakar, Sibaji Dasgupta

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

OBJECTIVE:

Smoking is one of the most important risk factors both in systemic as well as ocular diseases. Its role in pathogenesis of ocular hypertension and open-angle glaucoma has been proposed, but there remains a controversy in the study results. Our aim is to find any association between cigarette smoking and raised intraocular pressure (IOP).

METHODS:

This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 60 male subjects were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thirty-one were selected using simple random sampling, had raised IOP, among which 17 were smokers. Two-nine matched subjects had normal IOP, with 11 smokers among …

Academic Loss-Related Anxiety Among College Students During Covid-19 Pandemic, Sagar Rai, Zareen Akhtar, Kaushal Kishor Singh, Madan Lal Brahma Bhatt, Sudhir Kumar Verma, Sujita Kumar Kar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

The global outbreak of SARS-CoV2, initially affecting few individuals in Wuhan city of China, is now devastating millions of lives. Among all, students face substantial challenges, mainly in academic losses due to the imposed lockdown that may be detrimental to their mental well-being. Our study aimed to identify the anxiety levels among university students undergoing training in various disciplines.

METHODS:

It was a cross-sectional study. General Anxiety Disorder-7 scale within a semi-structured questionnaire was used to assess students' anxiety levels about their academic loss.

RESULTS:

A total of 507 students from India participated in the survey. Eventually, the prevalence …

Study Of “Three Delay Model” Of Maternal Morbidity And Mortality In Two Tertiary Care Hospitals Of Belagavi, Jyoti Singh, Chandra S. Metgud

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Every year millions of women around the world suffer from pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum complication. Approximately 810 women die every day worldwide from preventable causes related to pregnancy and delivery. The concept of severe acute maternal morbidity or near miss was aptly developed for the present health-care system. The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined “near-miss” as a woman, who is close to death, survives a complication that occurred during pregnancy, delivery, or up to 42 days after the termination of her pregnancy. The important causes of maternal mortality and morbidity have been summarized as the three delays. These …

The Other Corona Warriors A Kap Study On Covid-19 Among Janitors And Housekeeping Staff From A Tertiary Care Hospital In Eastern India, Vineeta Shukla, Ripan Saha, Ankita Mishra, Meghna Mukherjee, Mausumi Basu, Raghunath Misra

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Janitors and housekeeping staff are an integral part of our health-care system and are also in the frontline to fight this pandemic. COVID-19 infection is a new disease which currently has no specific treatment and vaccine, but this disease is preventable if there is a high level of awareness. This is especially important for housekeepers as they are unable to get adequate protection unlike doctors and nurses. They also receive less importance and appreciation than other frontline workers.

OBJECTIVES:

To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of janitors and housekeeping staff of a tertiary care hospital on COVID-19 …

Lifestyle Behavior Of Patients With Noncommunicable Diseases During Covid-19 Pandemic An Observational Study, Renu Bala, Amit Srivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) poses an unprecedented challenge and adversely affects the lifestyle of people with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) due to enforced restrictions by the governments.

AIMS:

The study aimed to assess the physical activity and prophylactic behavior, along with change in sleep, alcohol intake, and tobacco consumption during the enforced lockdown.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The study was conducted in August 2020 and recruited NCD patients visiting the institute's outpatient department. Questions were formed on prophylactic behavior, changes in sleep, and alcohol and tobacco consumption along with a validated scale of International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) Short Form.

RESULTS:

The …

“Mothers Knowledge And Attitude On Feeding Of Banked Human Milk Among Infants” With View To Develop An Information Booklet”, Hussainbi A. Tahasildar, Gavishiddhayya B. Salimath

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Donor breastfeeding is the best natural feeding. Especially in high-risk and preterm infants, donor breast milk is the best source of nutrition. The benefits of breastfeeding for the neonates are already known; when mother breast milk is not flowing due to some medical conditions, then the alternative best source donor breast milk.

OBJECTIVES:

The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge and attitude of mothers on feeding of banked human milk among infants and also to find out associations with sociodemographic variables.

METHODOLOGY:

The study was conducted at KLE'S Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital among 100 postnatal mothers …

Personal Protective Equipment Usage And Its Disposal By The Residents Of Dhaka City During The Covid-19 Pandemic A Mixed-Method Enquiry, Shuvashis Saha, Md Shah Newaz, Shajib Hazari, Mohammad Kabir Uddin, Samiul Iqbal, Kh Salekuzzaman

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

COVID-19 has caused unprecedented hazard not only to the health and economy but also to the environment worldwide. In the absence of an effective vaccine to the mass people, practice of preventive measures against coronavirus can only save the health and economy of a poor nation like Bangladesh. On one hand, poor practice of protective behavior against the novel coronavirus has been reported among the general population and on the other hand, sudden rise of personal protective equipments (PPEs) use are causing massive damage to the environment of the cities like Dhaka.

AIMS:

This study aims to understand the …

Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Diabetic Retinopathy In Rural Population Of Belgaum District, Arvind L. Tenagi, Lisa Sunny, Vivek Wani, Mahesh I. Magdum, K. S. Smitha, B. K. Bhagyajyothi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Rural population is highly underprivileged in terms of access to tertiary eye care facilities.

AIMS:

The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and associated risk factors among known diabetics in the rural population of Belgaum district.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

A cross-sectional population-based study was carried out from January 2018 to December 2018.

METHODOLOGY:

Three hundred and forty patients underwent a detailed ocular examination. Clinical grading was based on early treatment of DR study guidelines. Random blood sugar, blood pressure, height, weight, hemoglobin, serum creatinine, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: …

Dietary Aldose Reductase Inhibitors And Prevention Of Diabetic Complications, Ameena Anjum, Janamolla Sreeja, Yarlagadda Swapna, Rajesh Bolleddu, Sama Venkatesh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Prolonged exposure to hyperglycemia can lead to the development of complications such as cataracts, retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy. Several mechanisms are supposed to be involved in this process such as increased aldose reductase (AR)-related polyol pathway, increased formation of advanced glycation end products, and excessive oxidation stress in the body. AR is the principal enzyme of the polyol pathway in the development of secondary complications of diabetes, and its inhibition provides a significant strategy to prevent these complications. Synthetic aldose reductase inhibitors (ARIs) have been developed, but they suffer drawbacks and safety issues demanding research on natural sources for potential …

Transrectal Ultrasonography And Biopsy Of The Prostate, R. B. Nerli, Manas Sharma, Shridhar C. Ghagane

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

When compared to other solid organ malignancies, the diagnosis of prostate cancer is not reliant on imaging findings alone. Men found to have abnormal digital rectal examination findings, raised serum prostate-specific antigen levels, or both are subjected to prostate biopsy to arrive at a diagnosis. Since its introduction in the 1970s, Transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) plays a vital role in the diagnostic pathway to guide prostatic biopsy. However, many men are subjected to unnecessary biopsies, leading to a diagnosis of clinically-indolent cancer or occasionally missing a focus of clinically significant disease. Currently, TRUS-guided prostate biopsy performed under local anesthesia is in …

Effectiveness Of Meditation Programs In Empirically Reducing Stress And Amplifying Cognitive Function, Thus Boosting Individual Health Status A Narrative Overview, Rohan Arora, Reshu Gupta

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Meditation is increasingly being used to promote general health, to treat stress and stress-related conditions, and is also beginning to find its feet in cognitive therapeutics. This article intends to evaluate its impacts on stress and cognitive function, aiming to augment the understanding of the mechanisms and subsequent implications for individual health. A multistep approach was used for the purpose of selection of articles, which was based on shortlisting of titles, then abstracts and further full texts. Subject to selection criteria, keywords “Meditation,” “stress,” “cognition,” “reducing,” “health,” and “effectiveness” were used to search online databases and conduct hand searches. The …

Sudden Onset Of Olfactory And Gustatory Dysfunction - An Early Predictor To Isolate The Patient In Covid-19 Pandemic, Santosh Kumar Swain

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is a new pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The prevalent symptoms in COVID-19 include fever, cough, sore throat, rhinorrhea, myalgia, headache, dyspnea, and diarrhea. At the initial period of the COVID-19 pandemic, the clinical presentations such as olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions were considered as atypical. At present, olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions are not uncommon symptoms among COVID-19 infections in the COVID-19 pandemic. Initially, these two symptoms were underestimated and not recognized among scientific community. At present, many otolaryngologists over the world documented that COVID-19 patients presented with olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions even without …

Scope And Need Of Curriculum Mapping In Accomplishing Learning Outcomes In The Field Of Medical Education, Saurabh Rambiharilal Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Curriculum refers to the complete range of student experiences to which they will be exposed in the educational process. For any curriculum, communicability and transparency have been regarded as the crucial aspects. An extensive search of all materials related to the topic was carried out in the PubMed search engine, and a total of six articles were selected based upon the suitability with the current review objectives and analyzed. Curriculum mapping has been identified as the method to ensure communicability and transparency, but it also plays an important role in bridging the gaps between the declared, taught, and tested curriculum. …

Challenges And Management Of Type-1 Diabetes In Covid-19 Pandemic, Sujata Jali

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Incidental Finding Of Non-Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome-Associated Ovarian Sex Cord Tumor With Annular Tubules, Kavita Mardi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Need For A Holistic Approach To Contain Hepatitis C World Health Organization, Saurabh Rambiharilal Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Hepatitis C has been acknowledged as one of the global public health concerns owing to its universal distribution, high incidence, impaired quality of life, and associated life threatening complications, including death. The need to have an urgent public health response is further emphasized by the fact they tend to cast a major financial burden on the community. Considering the huge burden of the chronic infections, it is high time that the access to affordable testing and treatment is given due importance. However, as with any other program, the success of the program requires sustained financial support and simultaneous investments have …

Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Mimicking Like Lymphoma, Majed Abdul Basit Momin, Amit K. Sarda, Sunitha Kayidhi, Abhijeet Ingle, Dharmendra Kumar Borad

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (HNL) is a rare idiopathic disorder. It is frequently underdiagnosed due to its nonspecific clinical features, mimicking like lymphomas, autoimmune diseases, and infectious reactive lymphadenopathy. Histological examination of the lymph node is the basis of diagnosis in HNL. We report a 40-year-old male patient who presented with fever for 4 weeks. After an extensive workup, laboratory investigations revealed progressive pancytopenia, gradual increase in serum lactate dehydrogenase, and ferritin with negative pyrexia profile. His radiological imaging including positron emission tomography/computed tomography showed multiple intra-abdominal, cervical, and axillary lymphadenopathies. Finally, the histological section from axillary lymph node core biopsy …

An Unusual Presentation Of Rhinosporidiosis, Santosh Kumar Swain, Ansuman Sahu

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous infection of the nose and nasopharynx. It is endemic in South Asia and commonly affects males in their second to fourth decades of life. Majority of the cases are found in the upper respiratory tract such as anterior nares, nasal cavity, inferior turbinate, nasal septum, floor, and nasopharynx. Although nose or nasopharynx is the most common location for rhinosporidiosis, it can also involve the skin, parotid duct, oropharynx, and larynx. Here, we report the case of a 42-year-old male who presented with extensive rhinosporidiosis in both nasal cavities and nasopharynx along with involvement of the …

Determination Of Phenotypic Alteration Of Arecoline-Induced Buccal Mucosal Fibroblasts An, Ritiha Patil, Alka D. Kale, Deepa R. Mane, Dhanashree Patil

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

Oral cancer is one of the worldwide health problems accounting as the 6

th

common of all malignancies. Majority of the oral cancer develop from premalignant conditions of the oral cavity due to the chronic habit of tobacco chewing and smoking. The prominent cells of the oral mucosa are fibroblasts playing a major role in synthesis of extracellular matrix, wound healing, and wound repair. Arecoline, one of main ingredients of tobacco is considered as a risk factor for the development of oral premalignant lesions and cancer. The arecoline is reported to have both genotoxic and morphological alteration of oral …

Laparoscopic Primary Ureterocalicostomy In Children With Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction, R. B. Nerli, Pathade Amey, Shridhar C. Ghagane, Sushant Deole, Murigendra B. Hiremath

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

Ureterocalicostomy (UC) involves excision of the hydronephrotic lower renal pole parenchyma and anastomosis of the dismembered ureter directly to the lower pole calyx. UC offers distinct advantages, notably for obstruction secondary to complicating anatomical anomalies of the kidney, such as horseshoe kidney. The present study was aimed to assess our experience and evaluate the outcome of primary laparoscopic UC in children with ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO).

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed the clinical notes, imaging records, and laboratory investigations of all the children who had undergone laparoscopic UC as a primary procedure in our center during a 12-year …

Defining The Normal Range For Screening Panel Of Neutrophil Function Tests In Healthy Adult Indian Participants, Shivanand S. Pattan, Kishore G. Bhat, Vijay M. Kumbar, Manohar S. Kugaji, Geeta Pattar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Neutrophils, the most abundant white blood cells are known to play a major role in the fundamental physiological response to tackle with microbial infections via different mechanisms. A series of assays have been developed that mimic neutrophil functions both

in vivo

and

in vitro

to look at specific deficiencies of neutrophil function. There is need to develop method to have defined normal range for these tests to differentiate between health and disease. We aim to define normal range for panel of screening assays in healthy adult Indian participants.

Materials and Methods:

The study included 30 male and 30 female …

Serum Levels Of Allopregnanolone In Migraine Patients A Case–Control Study, Makpere Delikanli, Nesrin Gökben Beceren, Cihan Bedel, Mustafa Korkut, Hamit Hakan Armağan

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

Migraine is a very common disorder and the mechanisms contributing to headache still remain controversial. Allopregnanolone (AP) is a neurosteroid metabolite of progesterone. Previously, there were some studies of AP on the positive effects of many diseases.

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to evaluate AP levels in patients with migraine and compare with levels measured in healthy individuals.

Materials and Methods:

This case–control study included fifty patients with acute migraine headache who were previously diagnosed with migraine and fifty sex- and age-matched healthy volunteers with no headache complaints. Migraine patients who fulfilled the International Headache Classification criteria …

Digital Devices; A Boon Or Bane Ocular And Musculoskeletal Manifestations During Lockdown In Covid-19 Pandemic Among General Population Of North India, Sneha Kumari, Pankaj Ranjan, Mitasha Singh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

During the lockdown in COVID-19 days, excessive usage of digital devices leads to various consequences of ocular and musculoskeletal problems, mainly in the form of computer vision syndrome (CVS) and repetitive strain injury (RSI).

Objectives:

The objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of symptoms of CVS and RSI and their association between the duration of use of electronic devices among the general population of North India during the period of lockdown (March–May, 2020).

Methodology:

The present study was a cross-sectional, descriptive, population-based study conducted during the 2 months period of lockdown between April and May 2020. …

Performing Tracheostomy On Covid-19 Pediatric Patients At Intensive Care Unit Our Experiences, Santosh Kumar Swain, Ansuman Sahu

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

The novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is posing unprecedented challenges among health-care workers for managing the pediatric tracheostomy. Tracheostomy and posttracheostomy care are considered as high-risk procedures for contamination of health-care workers and other patients of the intensive care unit (ICU) in COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective:

The objective of this retrospective study is to evaluate the details of pediatric tracheostomy including patients' profile, surgical steps, complications, and precautions by health-care workers at the ICU of the specially assigned hospital for COVID-19 patients.

Materials and Methods:

This is a descriptive retrospective study in which 18 COVID-19 pediatric patients underwent bedside surgical tracheostomy …

Acute Epiglottitis In Elderly Age Group Our Experiences At A Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital In Eastern India, Santosh Kumar Swain, Nibi Shajahan, Priyanka Debta, Somadatta Das, Rabindranath Padhy

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Acute epiglottitis (AE) is a potentially life-threatening condition which can lead to airway obstruction. It is less commonly encountered in elderly persons but has more potential for poor outcome due to the indolent property of the clinical presentations.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to assess the clinical presentations and management of the elderly patients who visited the outpatient department of otorhinolaryngology with AE.

Materials and Methods:

This is a retrospective study done at a tertiary care teaching hospital from December 2014 to November 2019. We searched our electronic medical records for patient details with the diagnosis of …

Clinicopathologic Spectrum Of Glomerular Diseases In A Tertiary Care Hospital, Shalini Bhalla, Muffazal Ahmad, Shivanjali Raghuvanshi, Preeti Agarwal

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

Biopsy-proven renal diseases give an insight into the prevalence of glomerular diseases. These are uncommon diseases which differ according to geographical area, demography, age, and race of a population.

Aims:

This study was aimed to evaluate the histopathological spectrum of glomerular diseases in native kidney biopsies. The secondary aim of the study was to review the literature for pattern of occurrence of glomerular diseases in and around the Indian subcontinent.

Settings and Design:

The present study was a retrospective observational study conducted at a tertiary care hospital for a period of 2 years.

Subjects and Methods:

One hundred and …

Effect Of Panchatikta Ksheera Basti With Kati Basti In Katishoola W. S. R Lumbar Disc Degeneration – A Clinical Study, Neelam Kaalia, Santosh Kumar Bhatted, S. H. Acharya

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Context:

Low back pain is the most common clinical presentation in musculoskeletal disorder due to spinal pathology. Factors such as improper sitting postures, jerky movements in travel, sports activities, aging, and bad sleeping posture are the important factors to produce spinal disorders. Lower back pain has been associated with degeneration of the intervertebral disc.

Aims:

This clinical study was carried out to judge the effectiveness of

Panchatikta

Ksheera

Basti

(medicated herbal therapeutic enema) with

Kati

Basti

in lumbar disc degeneration-induced

Katishoola.

Settings and Design:

This was an open-labeled, single-arm, interventional clinical study.

Subjects and Methods:

Fifteen diagnosed cases of low …

Effect Of Yoga On Pulmonary Function Test, Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Estimation, Hand Grip Strength, And Quality Of Life In Participants With Thyroid Dysfunction A Pre-Post Clinical Trial, Surya Krishnanunni, B. R. Ganesh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Thyroid dysfunction is the most common occurring endocrine disorder among the general population. According to projections from several readings on thyroid disease, 42 million people in India have been estimated to be suffering from diseases as a result of thyroidism. Yoga has been found valuable in numerous diseases. Yogic exercise restores body roles through the manipulation of cardiovascular, respiratory, and metabolic control mechanism. Yoga has been proven to be an effective adjunct in thyroid conditions in various studies.

Objectives:

The objective of this study is to assess the effect of yoga on respiratory function, thyroid-stimulating hormone estimation, and hand …

An Intervention-Based Study To Assess The Acceptability And Effectiveness Of A Breast Health Awareness Program Among Rural Women Of Southern Haryana, India, Avinash Surana, Rakesh Tank, D. R. Rajesh, Abhishek Singh, Vikas Gupta, Deepika Agrawal, Virender Kumar Chhoker

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

Breast cancer is among the most prevalent cancers in India and improving breast cancer awareness among women has shown to overcome the barriers related to diagnosis and treatment. Although breast self-examination (BSE) being quite easy and fast procedure, it a matter of debate that in limited-resource settings, it could be implemented or not, and hence, the present study was conducted to assess the acceptability and effectiveness of a breast health awareness program among rural women.

Methods:

The present prospective interventional study was conducted for a duration of 12 months among 270 rural women in the age group of 30–59 …