Digital Commons Network^™

Transcriptomic And Histological Characteristics Of Innate Immune Activation In Brain Parenchyma In A Rat Model Of Neonatal Intraventricular Hemorrhage, Miriam Zamorano, Sanjna Udtha, Aidan M Collier, Erica Underwood, Razan El Sayed, Ankit Agarwal, Devin S Hatchell, Chunfeng Tan, Paul J Nietert, Scott D Olson, Brandon A Miller

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) remains a major complication in preterm infants with lifelong sequelae. There is no effective treatment for IVH other than supportive care and surgery for post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus. We previously reported that the innate neuroimmune response in an animal model of IVH was dependent on developmental stage, only occurring in older animals.

Methods: This study utilized a lysed-blood injection model of IVH in rats. This model specifically captures the effects of blood products released by IVH on brain parenchyma. We performed RNAseq and differential gene expression analysis on CD11b/c-positive cells in the brain (microglia/macrophages) to define gene expression …

Genome-Wide Association Study For Lung Cancer In 6531 African Americans Reveals New Susceptibility Loci, Jinyoung Byun, Younghun Han, Jiyeon Choi, Ryan Sun, Vikram R Shaw, Catherine Zhu, Xiangjun Xiao, Christine Lusk, Hoda Badr, Hyun-Sung Lee, Hee-Jin Jang, Yafang Li, Hyeyeun Lim, Erping Long, Yanhong Liu, Linda Kachuri, Kyle M Walsh, John K Wiencke, Demetrius Albanes, Stephen Lam, Adonina Tardon, Marian L Neuhouser, Matt J Barnett, Chu Chen, Stig Bojesen, Hermann Brenner, Maria Teresa Landi, Mattias Johansson, Angela Risch, H-Erich Wichmann, Heike Bickeböller, David C Christiani, Gad Rennert, Susanne Arnold, John K Field, Sanjay Shete, Loic Le Marchand, Geoffrey Liu, Angeline S Andrew, Shanbeh Zienolddiny, Kjell Grankvist, Mikael Johansson, Neil Caporaso, Fiona Taylor, Philip Lazarus, Matthew B Schabath, Melinda C Aldrich, Alpa Patel, Xihong Lin, Krista A Zanetti, Curtis C Harris, Stephen Chanock, James Mckay, Ann G Schwartz, Rayjean J Hung, Christopher I Amos

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Despite lung cancer affecting all races and ethnicities, disparities are observed in incidence and mortality rates among different ethnic groups in the United States. Non-Hispanic African Americans had a high incidence rate of lung cancer at 55.8 per 100 000 people, as well as the highest death rate at 37.2 per 100 000 people from 2016 to 2020. While previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified over 45 susceptibility risk loci that influence lung cancer development, few GWAS have investigated the etiology of lung cancer in African Americans. To address this gap in knowledge, we conducted GWAS of lung cancer …

Restoring P53 Wild-Type Conformation In Tp53-Y220c-Mutant Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Bing Z Carter, Po Yee Mak, Edward Ayoub, Xiaogang Wu, Baozhen Ke, Yuki Nishida, Andrew Futreal, Lauren B Ostermann, Andrea D Bedoy, Steffen Boettcher, Courtney D Dinardo, Anna Puzio-Kuter, Masha V Poyurovsky, Arnold J Levine, Michael Andreeff

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

TP53-Y220C is a recurrent hotspot mutation in cancers and leukemias. It is observed predominantly in acute myeloid leukemia (AML)/myelodysplastic syndromes among hematological malignancies and is associated with poor outcome. The mutation creates a structural pocket in the p53 protein. PC14586 (rezatapopt) is a small molecule designed to bind to this pocket and thus restore a p53-wild type (p53-WT) conformation. We demonstrate that PC14586 converts p53-Y220C into a p53-WT conformation and activates p53 transcriptional targets, but surprisingly induces limited/no apoptosis in TP53-Y220C AML. Mechanistically, MDM2 induced by PC14586-activated conformational p53-WT and the nuclear exporter XPO1 reduce the transcriptional activities of p53, …

Parkinson Disease Signaling Pathways, Molecular Mechanisms, And Potential Therapeutic Strategies: A Comprehensive Review, Muhammad S Khan, Somayyeh Nasiripour, Jean C Bopassa

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Parkinson's disease (PD) is considered the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide; treating this disease remains quite challenging. Environmental and genetic factors may play a role in the pathophysiology of PD. α-synuclein aggregation, oxidative stress, ferroptosis, mitochondrial failure, neuroinflammation, and gut dysbiosis are among the known risk factors of PD. The pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease is complicated by the interconnections between these molecular pathways, which also present significant obstacles to treatment development. However, due to its complex mechanism and long latency, PD is difficult to diagnose and detect, which presents a barrier to treatment. In addition, the need to develop …

Ptpn11 Mutations Define A Rare But Highly Adverse Subset Of Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Alexandre Bazinet, Alex Bataller, Guillermo Montalban-Bravo, Kelly Chien, Koji Sasaki, Wei Ying Jen, Mahesh Swaminathan, Tapan Kadia, Courtney Dinardo, Farhad Ravandi, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Hagop Kantarjian

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

162-164 East 82nd Apts Llc V. Garrido

All Decisions

The tenant moved for partial summary judgment on a laches defense in a non-payment proceeding, seeking to preclude a possessory judgment for arrears from 2020 to January 2023. The court found that the landlord's four-year delay in bringing the case was unexplained and that the landlord failed to provide proof of prior notice to the tenant for the arrears. The court also recognized prejudice to the tenant, a long-term resident, who would be unable to pay the large sum. Accordingly, the court granted the motion, barring the landlord from seeking a possessory judgment for any arrears before November 2022, but …

A Comparison Of Different Posterior Arthrodesis Techniques Versus Anterior Dens Screw For Odontoid Fractures: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Pavlos Texakalidis, Stavros Matsoukas, Michael Cloney, Mykhaylo Krushelnytskyy, Kevin Swong, Najib El Tecle, Tyler Koski, Nader Dahdaleh

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Odontoid fractures are often managed surgically. The most common approaches are anterior dens screw (ADS) and posterior arthrodesis (PA), with the latter being associated with significantly higher fusion rates. PA techniques can include wiring, C1-C2 transarticular (TA) screws, and C1 lateral mass (LM)-C2 pars/pedicle screws. Most comparative studies group multiple PA techniques together when comparing PA versus ADS. Our objective was to systematically review the literature and identify studies that separately provide fusion rates of each different posterior C1-C2 arthrodesis (PA) technique utilized compared to ADS.

METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted according to the Preferred …

Response Of Various Body Parts Of House Flies, Musca Domestica, To Sucrose, Panchalie B. Gunathunga, Merveille Muyizere, Bethia H. King

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

Insects use multiple body parts, not just their mouth, to taste. Whether a particular body part has a taste function can be determined by examining the morphology or electrophysiological response of its sensilla (sense organs) or by its behavioral response. The present study investigated taste response of each of the three pairs of tarsi, tibiae, femurs, as well as the antennae and wings, in house flies, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae). This was done by measuring the proboscis extension response (PER), and in the case of the wings, also the grooming behavior. PER is a visible precursor to consumption. The …

Metabolic Engineering Of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae For De Novo Biosynthesis Of Naringin From D-Xylose, Zhao Yifei, Li Gaoyang, Huang Luhong, Liu Juan, Xiao Zhiqiang

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To explore the biosynthesis method of naringin,a bioactive compound in citrus.［Methods］ Engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains for naringenin biosynthesis are constructed through enzyme screening,multi -copy integration,and precursor supply.Subsequently,de novo biosynthesis of naringin from D-xylose is achieved by introducing the naringin biosynthetic pathway and optimizing UDP -glucose supply.［Results］］ The optimal flavonoid synthase is identified as PhCHS by screening the key enzymes of the naringenin pathway.The naringenin biosynthesis pathway is further integrated at multi -copy sites.The constructed strain Z39M2 can synthesize 36.53 mg/L naringenin.The overexpression of CAT 2,xPK-PTA pathway,and ACC 1m optimizes malonyl -CoA supply and constructs strain Z 44,with a naringenin …

Interaction And Structure-Activity Relationship Characterization Of Hop-Derived Α-Acid/Xanthohumol And Protein Z, Wang Limin, Peng Mengyan, Ma Changwei, Wu Zijian

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To investigate the interaction mechanism and structure -activity relationship between two hop -derived small molecules different in structure (α-acid and xanthohumol ) and barley protein Z.［Methods］ α-acid and protein Z with high purity are prepared through solvent extraction and anion exchange column,respectively.The interaction between α-acid/xanthohumol and protein Z,as well as the conformational change of protein,is characterized by multi -spectral analysis.Finally,the interaction mode and molecular binding mechanism between α-acid/xanthohumol and protein Z are further investigated by molecular dynamics simulation.［Results］］ Both α-acid and xanthohumol can effectively quench the intrinsic fluorescence of protein Z,with α-acid inducing a red shift and xanthohumol causing …

Screening , Identification , Fermentation Optimization , And Application Of Lignin-Degrading Bacteria, Su Rizhen, Lin Zhiping, Zhang Hanqiu, Cui Zhenwei, Zhang Wen

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To investigate the effect of lignin -degrading bacteria on improving the flavor of flue -cured tobacco.［Methods］ Microorganisms were screened based on lignin -degrading enzyme activity and sensory evaluation performance.After obtaining functional strains,fermentation conditions were optimized.Finally,gas chromatography -mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyze changes in volatile flavor compounds in tobacco samples treated with the strain.［Results］］ A Bacillus subtilis strain YY -10 capable of producing lignin peroxidase (LiP) was obtained.The crude enzyme solution from this strain achieved a 31.04% degradation rate of acid -insoluble lignin in the tobacco samples.Treatment with the crude enzyme significantly increased the content of flavor compounds …

Effects Of Different Roasting Methods On Volatile Flavor Compounds In Beef, Ma Xueyuan, Zhang Miao, Dai Qinyan, Jia Hongfeng, Zhang Jiamin

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To study the effects of different baking methods on the volatile flavor substances in beef.［Methods］ The optimal baking durations for sensory scores under three baking methods,i.e.,electric oven baking,microwave baking,and electric baking pan baking,were screened.Solid -phase microextraction (SPME ) combined with gas chromatography -mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to separate and identify the volatile flavor substances in beef under the best conditions for each of the three baking methods.［Results］］ The sensory scores of beef under all three baking methods showed an initial increase followed by a decrease.The highest sensory scores for oven and electric baking pan were achieved at 10 …

Salmonella Detection Based On Fluorescence Polarization Enhanced By Recombinase Polymerase Amplification, Xue Pengpeng, Chen Wei, Xu Jianguo, Tu Jia, Qu Wei

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To develop a novel fluorescence polarization (FP) detection strategy and achieve highly sensitive Salmonella detection by incorporating recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA ) technology.［Methods］ The detection mechanism relies on homologous sequence recognition between target DNA and specific primers:When Salmonella targets exist,primer and target DNA binding triggers strand displacement and initiates DNA amplification.To enhance sensitivity,two key design features are implemented:5'-end modification of primers with 6-carboxyfluorescein (6-FAM ) as a fluorescent reporter,and selective digestion of unbound primers by exonuclease Ⅰ (Exo Ⅰ).［Results］］ During RPA amplification,the substantially increased molecular weight of amplicons restricts the rotational freedom of 6-FAM -labeled DNA compounds,resulting in significantly …

Analysis Of Food Additives And Contaminant Residues In Yueyang Pickled Vegetables And Recommendations For Quality Control Measures, Li Ge, Yu Linyu, Zhang Lumiao, Li Huimin, Zhu Li, Zhou Hu

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To analyze the detection of food additives and contaminants in Yueyang pickled vegetable products and propose quality control measures.［Methods］ In 2024,a survey was conducted to test food additives and contaminants in pickled vegetable products from 10 districts in Yueyang.A total of 5 712 batches of pickled vegetables were sampled.Specifically,10 batches are found to be non -compliant,resulting in a non -compliance rate of 0.18%,indicating overall good quality.Regarding food additives,10 types are detected in the products,with detection rates ranging from 0% to 73.49% and an excess rate from 0% to 1.86%.The most commonly misused additive is the colorant lemon yellow,which had …

Optimization Of Participation Path Of Trade Union Organizations In Social Co-Governance Of Food Safety, Xu Chaofan

Food and Machinery

In the context of China's social co -governance of food safety,advancing the participation of trade union organizations plays a significant role in enhancing workers' professional quality through education and training,and strengthening corporate responsibility through collective bargaining.Although notable progress has been made in current practices,challenges still exist,including the relatively simple form of popular science education,the insufficient effectiveness of new media publicity,and the inadequate support for workers' food safety reporting by trade union organizations.To address these challenges,solutions should be explored from multiple perspectives:diversifying public science education methods,forming a full -media publicity strategy for trade unions in food safety co -governance,and improving support …

Early Detection Of Contaminated Food Based On Extreme Learning Machine And Crystal Structure Algorithm, Zhu Fu, Liu Ruiqing, Pan Kefeng, Zhao Rui

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To propose an early detection method for contaminated food based on the extreme learning machine and crystal structure algorithm.［Methods］ The crystal structure algorithm is used to optimize feature selection,combined with the extreme learning machine for fast and efficient classification and detection,aiming to improve the accuracy and efficiency of early detection of contaminated food.［Results］］ Compared to traditional methods,the proposed approach shows significant improvements in accuracy (94.5%) and F1-score (93.2%).It also outperforms other state -of-the-art methods in recall rate and processing speed.Compared to the latest deep learning methods,the training time is reduced by about 30%,and the detection speed is improved by …

A Microfluidic Paper-Based Device For Rapid Detection Of Five Metal Ions, Chen Ranbing, Liu Yi, Luo Xiao, Li Conglei, Zhang Shuren, Chen Ming

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To design a microfluidic paper -based device and explore its qualitative detection capabilities for mercury,lead,aluminum,iron,and copper ions,as well as its detection capabilities in actual samples.［Methods］ This study constructs a microfluidic paper -based device by combining five complexing reagents [ammonium aurintricarboxylate (ATA ),dithizone (DZ),diphenylcarbazide (DPC ),sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC ),and eriochrome black T (EBT )] with masking agents.The reaction is tracked based on the Euclidean distance (ED) before and after the reaction.［Results］］ The target metal ions can cause obvious color changes in the paper -based device within a rapid response time of 10 s.Even in the presence of other common metal …

Influence Of Mixing Mode And Air-Fuel Ratio On Uniformity And Efficiency Of Gas Catalytic Combustion, Xu Runda, Jiang Qunhui, Ma Haile

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To solve the non -uniform heating temperature distribution and lower -than-expected combustion efficiency of catalytic infrared emitters.［Methods］ This study proposes a research plan that focuses on improving the mixing mode of air and fuel gas and optimizing the mixing ratio (air-fuel ratio ).After measuring the temperature of the emitter surface under different operating conditions using thermocouples,this study conducts optimization experiments with average surface temperature,maximum temperature,temperature standard deviation,and heating curves as indicators.［Results］］ Compared to intra -cavity mixing,extra -cavity pre -mixing can increase the average surface temperature of the emitter by about 50 ℃,increase the maximum temperature by approximately 16 ℃,and …

Particle Grinding Simulation And Parameter Optimization Of Disc Mill Based On Discrete Element, Wu Lan, Yu Shaobo

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To investigate the effects of different operating parameters on the grinding performance of a disk mill when processing different materials,and to optimize its working parameters.［Methods］ The grinding process of the disk mill was simulated using Rocky DEM discrete element software.Variables included feeding speed,grinding disc spacing,rotational speed of the dynamic disc,and material type.The effects of these factors on powder yield,energy consumption,and grinding time were analyzed.An orthogonal experimental design and matrix analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate the simulation results.［Results］］ The optimal parameter combinations for different feed materials in the disk milling process were determined as follows.For wheat:grinding disc spacing of …

Effects Of Transglutaminase Addition Amount And Temporary Storage Conditions On The Quality Of Traditional Fish Cake, Gao Hanpu, Su Zhaoxin, Liu Ting, Xiong Shanbai

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To deal with the gel quality degradation caused by improper temporary storage conditions during the industrial production of fish cake.［Methods］ Frozen surimi is used as the raw material to produce fish cake.The effects of microbial transglutaminase (MTGase ) addition amount,temporary storage temperature,and time on mechanical properties,appearance chroma,water retention properties,and sensory quality of fish cake are studied.The process parameters are optimized by a response surface test.［Results］］ MTGase addition amount,temporary storage temperature,and temporary storage time have significant effects on texture profile analysis (TPA ) parameters,puncture characteristics,chroma,water retention properties,and sensory scores of fish cake (P<0.05).The optimal process parameters are as follows:an MTGase addition amount of 0.35 U/g surimi,a temporary storage temperature of 19.2 ℃,and a temporary storage time of 55.4 min.Under these conditions,the gel strength and sensory score of the fish cake are the highest,which are 24.15 N·mm and 37.38,respectively.［Conclusion］ During the industrial production of fish cake,MTGase is suitable to add at the amount of 0.35 U/g surimi.The temporary storage conditions of mixed fish surimi should be selected at a lower temporary storage temperature (not higher than 19.2 ℃),and the temporary storage time should not exceed 55.4 min.

Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Xanthoceras Sorbifolium Oil-Promoted Vascular Regeneration In Zebrafish, Chen Haiyan, Jia Ailing, Liu Jiying, Wang Chao, Qiu Zhidong

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To investigate the effects of Xanthoceras sorbifolium oil (XSO ) in promoting vascular regeneration in zebrafish and its mechanisms,and to provide a basis for medicine development in cardiovascular repair.［Methods］ A PTK 787-induced vascular defect model is built in zebrafish.XSO is administered at concentrations of 0,25,50,75,and 100 μg/mL.The regeneration of intersegmental vessels (ISV) and subintestinal vessels (SIV) is analyzed via fluorescence microscopy.Oxidative stress markers (SOD,MDA,CAT ) and Apela protein expression levels are detected.Additionally,DHI (Danhong Injection ) is set as a positive control.［Results］］ The 75 μg/mL XSO group shows optimal efficacy in vascular regeneration promotion:ISV length recovers to 87.6% of the …

Optimization Of Extraction Process And Property Analysis Of Spirulina Protein Isolate By Alkaline Dissolution And Acid Precipitation, Zhao Qiaoli, Gao Yongqin, Tan Jiedan, Huo Xinyue, Wang Zhuo, Zhong Saiyi

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To optimize the extraction process of spirulina protein isolate and analyze its physicochemical and functional properties.［Methods］ The extraction process was optimized using single -factor test and orthogonal test,with the extraction yield of spirulina protein isolate as the evaluation index.Comprehensive comparisons and analyses were conducted on the physicochemical properties,structural characteristics,and functional properties of spirulina protein isolate.［Results］］ The optimal extraction conditions for spirulina protein isolate using alkaline dissolution and acid precipitation were as follows:solid -liquid ratio of 1∶20 (g/mL ),extraction time of 1 h,pH value of 8.0,and extraction temperature of 40 ℃.Under these conditions,the yield of spirulina protein isolate reached 280.36 …

Optimization Of Fermentation Process Of Anoectochilus Roxburghii (Wall . ) Lindl By Lactobacillus Plantarum And Antioxidant Activity Of Fermentation Broth, Wang Qiongjun, Lin Zeyan, Lin Yanyan, Zhang Qian, Lin Yihua, Fu Dahua

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To analyze the fermentation process and antioxidant activity of Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.) Lindl using Lactobacillus plantarum 191046.［Methods］ A.roxburghii was used as the raw material,and L.plantarum 191046 was used as the fermentation strain.The polysaccharide content of A.roxburghii was used as the evaluation index.The fermentation process was optimized by single -factor experiments combined with response surface methodology,and its in vitro antioxidant activity was assessed.［Results］］ The optimal fermentation conditions for A.roxburghii were as follows:L.plantarum inoculum of 4.50 g/L,fermentation time of 17 h,and fermentation temperature of 36 ℃.Under these conditions,the polysaccharide content of the fermentation liquid was (24.84±0.05) mg/mL.The total antioxidant capacity was …

Brittleness Measurement And Process Optimization Of Fried Potato Chips Based On The Acoustic Emission Method, Yang Yijing, Wu Zhonghua, Liu Jing, Xu Huili, Wang Yibo

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To quantitatively and comprehensively measure the fried food brittleness,to study the changing law of potato chip brittleness during the frying process,and to optimize the frying process of potato chips.［Methods］ A food brittleness mechanical -acoustic emission comprehensive measurement device is employed to measure the brittleness of fried potato chips,taking the maximum mechanical compressive stress measured by the texture analyzer and the maximum acoustic emission energy detected by the acoustic emission instrument as the index parameters.Additionally,the changing law of potato chip brittleness during the frying process is investigated,while single -factor test and response surface optimization are used in search of the …

Effect Of White Kidney Bean Extract On The Quality Of Set Yogurt, Wang Zihan, Li Yuexing, Cai Yongjian, Wang Jianhui

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To investigate the effect of white kidney bean extract (WBE ) on the physicochemical properties and flavor of set yogurt.［Methods］ The pH value,acidity,water -holding capacity,texture properties,and volatile flavor characteristics of set yogurt are analyzed using a pH meter,titrimetric method,centrifugation and weighing method,texture analyzer,and electronic nose,respectively.［Results］］ WBE significantly promotes yogurt fermentation (P<0.05),with water -holding capacity,hardness,and content of benzene volatile flavor compounds all superior to the control group.Adding 0.9% WBE increases the water -holding capacity of yogurt by 13.11%,and the hardness and viscosity by 9.46% and 13.19%,respectively.Besides,the addition of WBE reduces the content of hydrides and nitrogen oxides in volatile flavor compounds of yogurt,while increasing the content of long -chain alkanes in volatile flavor compounds.According to correlation heat maps,the addition of 0.9% WBE is positively correlated with the water -holding capacity,content of long -chain alkanes,hardness,viscosity,absolute value of adhesiveness,and absolute value of cohesiveness of yogurt,indicating that it can synergistically optimize the texture and flavor of yogurt,and enhance the overall quality.［Conclusion］ Adding 0.9% WBE helps yogurt fermentation and significantly improves the texture and flavor characteristics of set yogurt.

Effect Of Oil Extraction Process On The Flavor Of Idesia Polycarpa Oil, Hu Bokai, Shui Huixia, Geng Yangyang, Zhang Dongya, Yang Xiaohong

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ This study aimed to investigate the influence of different oil extraction methods on the volatile flavor compounds of Idesia polycarpa oil.［Methods］ The volatile flavor compounds of Idesia polycarpa oil extracted by screw pressing,hydraulic pressing,water extraction,and petroleum ether extraction methods were analyzed using headspace -solid phase microextraction -gas chromatography -mass spectrometry (HS-SPME -GC-MS).The main volatile aroma compounds were determined based on their relative odor activity values (ROAV ).［Results］］ A total of 8 classes and 114 volatile flavor compounds were detected in Idesia polycarpa oil,with 12 common compounds comprising 9.92% to 24.21% of the total content,and specific compounds accounting for 7.5% …

Research Progress In Xylo-Oligosaccharides By Hydrothermal Preparation And Its Separation And Purification, Shen Xiaoyan, Chen Liang, Qi Hui, Liu An, Wei Dongning, Deng Ming, Wang Keqin, Wu Xiaofen

Food and Machinery

Xylo -oligosaccharides are functional oligosaccharides with prebiotic activity derived from lignocellulosic biomass.They possess excellent physicochemical properties and physiological functions,such as regulating the intestinal microecological balance and preventing cardiovascular diseases,and have been widely applied in the food,pharmaceutical,and other industries.This paper mainly reviews the latest progress in the hydrothermal preparation of xylo -oligosaccharides and subsequent purification methods,such as solvent extraction,adsorption,membrane separation,and chromatographic separation,and provides an outlook on their future development.

Overcoming Barriers To Literacy For Individuals Who Need Or Use Aac: Lived Experiences, Key Research Findings, And Future Directions, Janice Light, Christine Holyfield, David Mcnaughton, Dana Nieder, Jamie Preece

Communication Disorders and Occupational Therapy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Literacy supports participation in education, employment, healthcare, and community living, and enhances communication for individuals who need or use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). Research has demonstrated that individuals with developmental disabilities who need or use AAC can successfully acquire a wide range of literacy skills when provided with effective tools and evidence-based, adapted instruction delivered by trained professionals. Unfortunately, individuals who need or use AAC typically face significant barriers to literacy learning: (1) They may be excluded from literacy instruction or only have access to instruction that requires spoken responses severely limiting their participation; (2) Their service providers may …

External Challenges For Individuals Who Need Or Use Aac Who Are Learning Language: Lived Experiences, Key Research Findings, And Future Directions, Christine Holyfield, Janice Light, Dana Nieder, Jamie Preece

Communication Disorders and Occupational Therapy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Language skills are essential to effective communication, but learning language is by no means a simple process for individuals with developmental disabilities who cannot rely on speech alone to be heard and understood. Research demonstrates that augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) interventions positively impact development across language domains (e.g., pragmatics, semantics, morphosyntax) and may also benefit speech production. However, these gains can only be realized if people have timely access to effective AAC and have meaningful opportunities to interact with others. This paper integrates the lived experiences of individuals who need or use AAC and their families with key research …

Using Remote Behavioral Skills Training To Teach Staff To Implement Augmented Competing Stimulus Assessments, Tanvi Pendharkar

Doctoral Dissertations - College of Arts and Sciences

Despite a growing number of Board Certified Behavior Analysts^®(BCBA), there are many geographic regions without access to behavior analytic services. Remote training methods that can be implemented without face-to-face contact allow for behavior analytic services to reach areas without local BCBAs to provide services. One such method with promise for remote application is behavioral skills training (BST). BST consists of instructions, modeling, rehearsal, and feedback. BST has been used to train behavior-analytic service providers to implement a variety of procedures, but BST has yet to be used to teach clinicians how to conduct augmented competing stimulus assessments (A-CSA). …