Digital Commons Network^™

Strong External Difference Families And Classification Of Α-Valuations, Donald L. Kreher, Maura B. Paterson, Douglas R. Stinson

Michigan Tech Publications

One method of constructing (Formula presented.) -SEDFs (i.e., strong external difference families) in (Formula presented.) makes use of (Formula presented.) -valuations of complete bipartite graphs (Formula presented.). We explore this approach and we provide a classification theorem which shows that all such (Formula presented.) -valuations can be constructed recursively via a sequence of “blow-up” operations. We also enumerate all (Formula presented.) -SEDFs in (Formula presented.) for (Formula presented.) and we show that all these SEDFs are equivalent to (Formula presented.) -valuations via affine transformations. Whether this holds for all (Formula presented.) as well is an interesting open problem. We also …

The Cosmoverse White Paper: Addressing Observational Tensions In Cosmology With Systematics And Fundamental Physics, Eleonora Di Valentino, Jackson Levi Said, Adam Riess, Agnieszka Pollo, Vivian Poulin, Adrià Gómez-Valent, Elena Giusarma, Et Al.

Michigan Tech Publications

The standard model of cosmology has provided a good phenomenological description of a wide range of observations both at astrophysical and cosmological scales for several decades. This concordance model is constructed by a universal cosmological constant and supported by a matter sector described by the standard model of particle physics and a cold dark matter contribution, as well as very early-time inflationary physics, and underpinned by gravitation through general relativity. There have always been open questions about the soundness of the foundations of the standard model. However, recent years have shown that there may also be questions from the observational …

Challenges And Opportunities In Reducing Risk Of Diabetes-Related Cardiovascular Disease: Making Every Contact Count, Michelle Clapham

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Despite recent Government initiatives to reduce rates, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes isexpected to continue rising to almost 10% of the population by 2035. Complications of type 2diabetes, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), contribute to approximately 22 000 deathsannually in England, indicating a need for population health management through preventativehealthcare. The Making Every Contact Count (MECC) initiative recommends the building ofpreventative strategies into routine primary care appointments to reduce modifiable risk factorsassociated with both type 2 diabetes and CVD. This article explores the unique opportunitiesgeneral practice nurses have to promote primary and secondary prevention of CVD.

The Significance Of Blockchain Technology In Preserving Digital Evidence Integrity In Forensic Investigations, Marwa Popal, Ashfaq Ahmad, Muhammad Arshad

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Digital forensics is the application of technology to the investigation and accounting of digital crime and the extraction and analysis of digital evidence from systems and networks. As the number of IoT [Internet of Things] devices has proliferated, the complexity inherent in forensic investigations has skyrocketed. While IoT forensics addresses the challenges of a lack of standardized security protocol and ensuring the integrity as well as security of evidence data, it brings to bear all the difficulties existing in classic forensics. Unfortunately, traditional digital forensic tools are generally inadequate in shielding that evidence from tampering or unauthorized access. Digital evidence …

In Situ Programming Of The Tumor Microenvironment To Alleviate Immunosuppression For Pancreatic Cancer Immunotherapy, Man Sun, Huan Zhang, Yarui Ma, Simiao Wang, Jiayi Chen, Yaxin Cui, Yun Zhang, Siyuan Hu, Dan Zhou, Pengchen Zhang, Yahui Liu, Betty Y S Kim, Wen Jiang, Xiaobing Wang, Zhaogang Yang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Recent studies have highlighted the pivotal role of the cGAS‐STING pathway in cancer immunotherapy. However, clinical trials with cGAS‐STING pathway agonists have faced setbacks thanks to their short biological half‐life, lack of tumor specificity, and potential to promote tumor immune evasion. To address these challenges, a novel exosome‐based drug delivery platform, termed cmExoaCD11b is developed, designed to precisely target and reprogram the tumor microenvironment (TME) in situ for pancreatic cancer immunotherapy. cmExoaCD11b is engineered to encapsulate high copy numbers of IL‐12 mRNA and 2′3’‐cGAMP (cGAMP) and is functionalized with CD11b antibodies for targeted delivery to macrophages. Notably, cmExoaCD11b facilitated the …

Analysis Of Hospital Costs For Robotic And Open Pancreatectomy Incurred During The Implementation Of A Robotic Pancreatectomy Program At A Cancer Center, Heather G Lyu, Yuki Hirata, Pamela W Lu, Jess E Maxwell, Rebecca A Snyder, Michael P Kim, Hop Tran Cao, Ching-Wei D Tzeng, Matthew H G Katz, Naruhiko Ikoma

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Costs associated with robotic pancreatectomy compared to those of open pancreatectomy are assumed to be high but are not well known, particularly during the initial implementation of the robot.

Study design: Patients who underwent pancreatectomy for any diagnosis from January 2017 to August 2021 were identified retrospectively. Total hospital cost was calculated using intraoperative, inpatient, and outpatient costs within 30 days of surgery. The ratio of the total cost of each pancreatectomy to the average cost of all operations at our center was used to represent cost without sharing proprietary financial data. Propensity score matching was performed to account …

Correction: Imaging In Pelvic Exenteration-A Multidisciplinary Practice Guide From The Esgar-Sar-Esur-Pelvex Collaborative Group, Stephanie Nougaret, Doenja M J Lambregts, Geerard L Beets, Regina G H Beets-Tan, Lennart Blomqvist, David Burling, Quentin Denost, Maria A Gambacorta, Benedetta Gui, Ann Klopp, Yulia Lakhman, Kate E Maturen, Riccardo Manfredi, Iva Petkovska, Luca Russo, Atul B Shinagare, James A Stephenson, Damian Tolan, Aradhana M Venkatesan, Aaron J Quyn, Rosemarie Forstner

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Mechanisms Underlying Treatment-Resistant Depression: Exploring Sex-Based Biological Differences, Francisco E R Da Silva, Atakan Yucel, Antonio P M Menezes, Ana C Ruiz, Marcela C Carbajal Tamez, Tatiana Barichello, Giselli Scaini, Joao Quevedo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) represents a severe and complex subtype of major depressive disorder (MDD), affecting approximately 30% of patients who fail to respond adequately to multiple standard antidepressant therapies. While the pathophysiology of TRD remains incompletely understood, emerging evidence suggests that sex-based biological differences might influence its onset, progression, and treatment response. Women are disproportionately affected by depression and are more likely to experience residual symptoms and treatment resistance, potentially due to hormonal fluctuations, immune system differences, and variations in brain circuitry and neuroplasticity. This narrative explores the current literature on the mechanisms underlying TRD, with a particular emphasis on …

Leveraging Existing Cohort Studies Of Mexican Women To Better Understand Hispanic Health And Cancer Risk, Dalia Stern, Liliana Gomez-Flores-Ramos, Britton Trabert, V Wendy Setiawan, Loïc Le Marchand, Henry Gomez, Paul A Scheet, Humberto Parada, Amber Pirzada, Martin Lajous, Leslie V Farland

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Hispanics have been historically underrepresented in epidemiologic cancer research. Existing cohort studies focused on recruiting Hispanic participants have been relatively small, making studying cancer outcomes challenging. Therefore, we aimed to compare the distribution of cancer risk factors among Hispanic women of Mexican heritage (HWMH) participating in existing cohorts to explore the possibility of future data pooling efforts.

Methods: We used baseline data of HWMH from three US-based studies, the Mexican American Cohort (MAC; n = 19,797; 2001-2017), the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC; n = 18,007; 1993-1996), and the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL; n = 4,022; 2008-2011), and …

Ai-Powered Model For Accurate Prediction Of Mci-To-Ad Progression, Ahmed Abdelhameed, Jingna Feng, Xinyue Hu, Fang Li, Sori Lundin, Paul E Schulz, Cui Tao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains a formidable challenge in modern healthcare, necessitating innovative approaches for its early detection and intervention. This study aimed to enhance the identification of individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) at risk of developing AD. Leveraging advances in computational power and the extensive availability of healthcare data, we explored the potential of deep learning models for early prediction using medical claims data. We employed a bidirectional gated recurrent unit (BiGRU) deep learning model for predictive modeling of MCI progression across various prediction intervals, extending up to five years post-initial MCI diagnosis. The performance of the BiGRU model …

The Late Positive Potential Predicts Contingency Management Outcomes For Cocaine Use Disorder, Heather E Webber, Douglas J Calvillo, Francesco Versace, Constanza De Dios, Robert Suchting, Charles E Green, Scott D Lane, Joy M Schmitz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Contingency management (CM) relies on motivation and reward processing and is among the most effective treatments available for cocaine use disorder (CUD), yet success rates do not meet desired clinical efficacy. To improve treatment-individual fit, we investigated the late positive potential (LPP), a measure of incentive salience to cues, as a predictor of treatment response. Treatment-seeking adults with CUD (N = 58) completed an EEG task where they viewed pleasant, unpleasant, cocaine, and neutral images. Participants received CM and counseling for four weeks. Urine was collected thrice weekly. We defined incentive salience to cues by A) cluster analyses on LPP …

Rsif Uganda Country Report 2025, Regional Scholarship And Innovation Fund (Rsif)

Rsif Country Progress Reports

Uganda’s GDP grew by an estimated 6.3% in 2024 driven by strong growth in all sectors, including agriculture and services. Investment in higher education would contribute to more productive employment and uptake of digital and other innovative technologies. Revenue from crude oil could be channeled into green technologies. Uganda’s green metals and iron-ore deposits could be developed using technologies for greening manufacturing and construction to provide the basis for transforming to a green economy. Uganda is one of eleven African countries that are active in the Partnership for skills in Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology (PASET), and has expressed its …

Rsif Rwanda Country Report 2025, Regional Scholarship And Innovation Fund (Rsif)

Rsif Country Progress Reports

Rwanda is among the world’s fastest growing economies. GDP growth is expected to maintain momentum at more than 8% in 2025–26, thanks to a recovery in global tourism, new construction projects, and manufacturing activities. The need for highly skilled human capital is a driver for Rwanda’s Vision 2050. Investing in higher education, research and innovation will enable Rwanda to close the skills gap and contribute to sustainable economic growth and development. Rwanda is one of the nine African countries that are contributing to the Regional Scholarship and Innovation Fund (Rsif) of the Partnership for skills in Applied Sciences, Engineering and …

Rsif Benin Country Report 2025 - English, Regional Scholarship And Innovation Fund (Rsif)

Rsif Country Progress Reports

Benin is among the world’s fastest growing economies. Highly skilled human capital will boost this growth rate and drive implementation of Benin’s National Development Plan. Benin is one of the nine African countries that is contributing to the Regional Scholarship and Innovation Fund (Rsif) of the Partnership for skills in Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology (PASET) since 2021. Its contribution is USD 2 million to train Beninese PhD students in selected African host universities and collaborating with international partner institutions. Through PASET-Rsif Benin will build strong institutions and future science leaders to drive a science and technology-led growth and development. …

Rsif Bénin Rapport Pays 2025 - French, Regional Scholarship And Innovation Fund (Rsif)

Rsif Country Progress Reports

Le Bénin figure parmi les économies connaissant la croissance la plus rapide au monde. Un capital humain hautement qualifié stimulera ce taux de croissance et favorisera la mise en œuvre du Plan national de développement du pays. Le Bénin est l'un des neuf pays africains qui contribuent au Fonds Régional de Bourses d’études et d'Innovations (Rsif) du Partenariat pour le Développement des Compétences en Sciences Appliquées, Ingénierie et Technologies (PASET) depuis 2021. Sa contribution s’élève à 2 millions de dollars destinées à la formation des doctorants béninois dans des universités d’accueil africaines sélectionnées et en collaboration avec des institutions partenaires …

Rsif Ethiopia Country Report 2025, Regional Scholarship And Innovation Fund (Rsif)

Rsif Country Progress Reports

Ethiopia is the second most populous nation in Africa, and one of the fastest-growing economies in the region. Ethiopia has roughly 2 million people reaching working age each year. The government has launched a Ten-Year Development Plan, which runs until 2030. Ethiopia seeks to chart a development path that is sustainable and inclusive to accelerate poverty reduction and boost shared prosperity. Ethiopia is a founding member of the Partnership for skills in Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology (PASET), and have expressed its intention to invest through the PASET flagship programme, the Regional Scholarship and Innovation Fund (Rsif). Rsif provides benefits …

Rsif Korea Country Report 2025, Regional Scholarship And Innovation Fund (Rsif)

Rsif Country Progress Reports

Korea is the world’s second most R&D intensive country with a GERD of more than 5% according to UNESCO and is a global leader in innovation and transformative technologies for jobs and skills development. Korea’s development experience and technical expertise can be adapted in priority sectors in Africa for inclusive and sustainable development. Korea is contributing to the Regional Scholarship and Innovation Fund (Rsif) of the Partnership for skills in Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology (PASET), since 2018. Its contribution of USD 9 million is through the Korea-World Bank Group Partnership Facility to train Sub-Saharan African PhD students and to …

Rsif Ghana Country Report 2025, Regional Scholarship And Innovation Fund (Rsif)

Rsif Country Progress Reports

Science, technology, and innovation are key drivers in Ghana’s transition to a sustainable economic model, with high prospects of value addition and diversification. Ghana is one of the nine African countries that is contributing to the Regional Scholarship and Innovation Fund (Rsif) of the Partnership for skills in Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology (PASET) since 2019. Its contribution is USD 2 million to train Ghanaian PhD students in selected African host universities and collaborating with international partner institutions. Through PASET-Rsif, Ghana is building strong institutions and future science leaders to drive a science and technology-led growth and development. University of …

Rsif Sénégal Rapport Pays 2025 - French, Regional Scholarship And Innovation Fund (Rsif)

Rsif Country Progress Reports

L’économie du Sénégal devrait connaître la croissance rapide, avec une croissance du PIB réel de 10.3% en 2025 et 7.1% en 2026, selon la Banque africaine de développement. Un capital humain hautement qualifié est le moteur de la mise en œuvre du plan Sénégal émergent. Le Sénégal est l'un des neuf pays africains qui contribuent au Fonds Régional de Bourses d’études et d'Innovations (Rsif) du Partenariat pour le Développement des Compétences en Sciences Appliquées, Ingénierie et Technologies (PASET) depuis 2020. Sa contribution de 2 millions de dollars est financé par le projet de Centres d’excellence d’éducation supérieure africains pour un …

Rsif Mozambique Country Report 2025 - Portuguese, Regional Scholarship And Innovation Fund (Rsif)

Rsif Country Progress Reports

Com os seus abundantes recursos naturais, incluindo terras aráveis, água, energia e recursos minerais, Moçambique tem potencial para diversificar a sua economia. A sua localização estratégica como corredor logístico na região da África Austral é outra vantagem natural. Moçambique está a dedicar grande atenção ao ensino superior, à ciência e à inovação para aumentar a proporção de mão-de-obra cientificamente qualificada, necessária para sustentar e aumentar as oportunidades de crescimento. Moçambique é um dos nove países africanos que está a contribuir para o Fundo Regional de Bolsas de Estudo e Inovação (Rsif) da Parceria para as Competências em Ciências Aplicadas, Engenharia …

Other Teachers' Classrooms: Multilingual Paraprofessional Teachers' Hypothetical Language Policy Implementation Narratives, Faythe Beauchemin, Rebecca Carpenter De Cortina, Jessica Somerville-Braun

Curriculum and Instruction Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this article, we draw upon an ethnographic approach to language policy to explore how multilingual paraprofessionals enrolled in a Grow Your Own teacher education program in a Mid-Southern, semi-rural U.S. town experienced and imagined attempts to implement more inclusive language policies through hypothetical narratives. Findings illustrate how paraprofessionals narrated their marginalization working alongside classroom teachers, their agency as they imagined possibilities for future classrooms, and their solidarity with each other in negotiating more inclusive language policies.

Historical Research And Conservation Treatment Of An Oversized 19th-Century Subscription Family Bible, Charlotte Starnes

Art Conservation Master's Projects

This paper briefly examines the construction, materials, and conservation challenges of 19th-century subscription Bibles, focusing on the treatment of an 1885 Thomas Kelly Latin Vulgate Family Bible. These large-format, heavily decorated volumes represent the unique intersection of industrialized book production and traditional hand-binding techniques. Through the visual comparison of multiple subscription Bible structures and canvasser’s sample books, historical research, and survey responses from conservators, this project identifies key structural features, including hybrid board attachment methods, varied sewing techniques, and the sculpted two-board coverboard structure. X-radiography, microscopy, and preliminary XRF analysis provide further insights into material choices, such as the use …

Forgoing Nuclear: Nuclear Power Plant Closures And Carbon Emissions In The United States, Luke Petach

Faculty Scholarship

This paper examines the effect of nuclear power plant decommissioning on electricity generation and carbon emissions in the United States. Using data on nuclear reactor closures in the United States between 1993 and 2022 and data on state-level carbon emissions and electricity generation from the Energy Information Administration (EIA), this paper adopts a difference-in- differences (DiD) approach to estimate the effect of nuclear decommissioning. Two-way fixed-effects (TWFE) DiD estimates suggest a nuclear plant closure increases annual state-level per capita carbon emissions between 6% and 8%. The increase in state-level carbon emissions is driven by a substitution toward fossil fuel electricity—particularly …

Spatial Distribution Of Microsporidia Mb Along Clinal Gradient And The Impact Of Its Infection On Pyrethroid Resistance In Anopheles Gambiae S.L. Mosquitoes From Nigeria And Niger Republic, Lamine M. Moustapha, Muhammad M. Mukhtar, Abdoul Nasser H. Sanda, Shuaibu Adamu, Yusuf Y. Aliyu, Hadizat K. Einoi, Maryam U. Maigari, Peter C. Okeke, David E. Nwele, Abiodun Obembe, Udoka C. Nwangwu, Jeremy K. Herren, Sulaiman S. Ibrahim

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Microsporidia MB (MB), a promising biological control agent, suppresses Plasmodium falciparum transmission in Anopheles mosquitoes. This study examined the spatial distribution of MB infection in natural populations of An. gambiae s.l. mosquitoes collected in Nigeria and Niger Republic, and its association with insecticide susceptibility in the mosquitoes. Microsporidia MB has wide geographic distribution across Nigeria and Niger Republic. The overall prevalence of MB in F0 mosquitoes was 12.25% (95% CI: 7.76–16.75%); 25 mosquitoes out of 204 were positive. Geographic variation was observed, with a higher prevalence (5/15 mosquitoes) in Ebonyi State (33.33%, CI: 9.48–57.19%, Fisher’s exact test, p = 0.008). …

2025 Resident Scholar Reflection: Teresa Saxton, Teresa Saxton

Marian Fellowships and Other Sponsored Research in the Marian Library

When using archives in the classroom, students are asked to engage with an object from another time and place and confront the humanity of those that made and used it. The pedagogical gift of archives is that they inspire curiosity to know more but also ask us to grapple with what we cannot know.

Unbound Bilirubin And Risk Of Severe Neurodevelopmental Impairment In Extremely Low Birthweight Newborns, Cody C Arnold, Ivana Maric, Ronald J Wong, Jon E Tyson, David K Stevenson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Unbound bilirubin (UB) was measured on day 5 ± 1 in 1101 ELBW newborns in the Aggressive vs Conservative Phototherapy randomized controlled trial. We accessed this dataset to quantify the UB-mediated risk of severe neurodevelopmental impairment (sNDI) in extremely low birthweight (ELBW) newborns.

Methods: UB levels were standardized within laboratories as z-score percentiles. A dichotomous UB exposure variable was based on sharply increased risk of sNDI at the 85th percentile (UBz>85th). Targeted maximum likelihood estimation with ensemble machine learning (TMLE + ML) and logistic regression (LR) were used to estimate sNDI risk attributable to UBz>85th.

Results: UB …

Utility Of Whole-Slide Imaging For Rapid Evaluation Of Thyroid Fna: A Multireader Prospective Study, Mohammed S Ahmed, Dianna Klippel-Almaraz, Sara E Amin, Gloria H Sura, Uma Rani Kundu, Wendong Yu, Jogn M Stewart, Qiong Gan, Savitri Krishnamurthy

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) of thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) improves diagnostic adequacy and facilitates ancillary molecular testing. In this prospective, multireader study, the authors evaluated the feasibility of using whole-slide images (WSIs) for ROSE to determine specimen adequacy and preliminary categorization (according to The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology [Bethesda]) of image-guided thyroid FNABs compared with conventional light-microscopic (LM) examination of the same specimens in a referral cancer center.

Methods: The authors evaluated 98 ultrasound-guided thyroid FNAB cases. Smears were stained with Papanicolaou and Diff-Quik and were scanned at ×20 magnification using a Leica Aperio CS2 scanner. …

Examining The Impact Of Area Deprivation On Endovascular Stroke Therapy Access, Joseph N Samaha, Ngoc Mai Le, Emmanuel C Ebirim, Rania Abdelkhaleq, Sergio A Salazar Marioni, Muhammad Bilal Tariq, Ananya Iyyangar, Anjan Nagesh, Hussain Azeem, Arash Niktabe, Sunil A Sheth

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Equitable access to health care is heavily affected by socioeconomic factors. However, the effects of such disparities in accessing life-saving treatments remain incompletely characterized. Here we explore the impact of disparities on access to endovascular treatments for large vessel occlusion acute ischemic stroke.

Methods: From our prospectively maintained multihospital registry, we identified patients with large vessel occlusion acute ischemic stroke from January 2019-June 2020. Patient addresses and zip codes were matched to census-tract level area deprivation index (ADI) scores that were obtained from Neighborhood Atlas. ADI is a validated neighborhood-level measure that uses variables such as income, education, and …

Sustainability Hub Newsletter - September 2025, Annaliese Santoro, Neyda Gilman, Jennifer Embree

Library Sustainability Resources

Welcome back to Binghamton University! In this edition of the newsletter, we are kicking off the Fall 2025 semester with an introduction to the Sustainability Hub, resources, updates, seed-saving tips, and ways to get involved in sustainability!

Restorationland: The Lost And Found Objects Of Atlanta's Doll's Head Trail, Thomas Fish

Faculty Articles

The Doll’s Head Trail is a grassroots, low-art installation nestled within a Southeast Atlanta wildlife preserve. Constructed by volunteers and visitors from decades of environmental debris, the trail converts waste into folk art-inspired “junk” displays. The creative upcycling ranges from a miniscule shrine to “Toxic Masculinity” to a stark shoe pile commemorating child gun violence. This article details how queer theory’s “temporal turn” provides insights into material performance as collaborative regeneration. The curious vignettes playfully invert hierarchies, revealing the merits of small-time memorialization. Through these defiantly unofficial grassroot performances, the Doll’s Head Trail both remembers and restores community ruins, demonstrating …