Digital Commons Network^™

Improved Process For The Preparation Of 5-[(4-Bromo-2-Chlorophenyl)Amino]-4-Fluoro-6- [(2-Hydroxyethoxy)Carbamoyl]-1-Methyl-1h-Benzimidazol-3-Ium Or A Salt Thereof, Msn Laboratories Private Limited, R&D Center; Srinivasan Thirumalai Rajan, Ghojala Venkat Reddy, Uppalanchi Srinivas, Manda Ananth Reddy, Revu Satyanarayana, Nomula Sathaiah, Rayavarapu Srinuvasa Rao

Defensive Publications Series

Abstract:

The present invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of 5-[(4-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)amino]-4-fluoro-6-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)carbamoyl]-1-methyl-1H benzimidazol-3-ium or a salt thereof, which is referred to as Selumetinib and represented by the following structural formulae,

Formula-1

Memory-Optimized Model For Simulating Yang-Based Devices Using Netconf And Gnmi Interfaces, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure provides a memory-optimized model for simulating network elements (NEs) that expose YANG-based management interfaces such as Netconf and gNMI. Traditional simulators that run full device software in virtual machines or load YANG schemas consume multiple gigabytes of memory per device and cannot scale to the tens of thousands of devices needed to validate Network Management Solutions (NMS). Snapshot simulators reduce overhead but create disk I/O bottlenecks and lack flexibility.

The disclosed model represents device data using lightweight YangNode objects, which store all values as strings and avoid schema metadata entirely. This design reduces memory usage by ~99%, eliminates …

An Ai Framework For Automated Generation Of Multiple Content Formats From Multi-Camera Productions, Sunil Kumar Jang Bahadur, Girish Nair, Varun Mishra, Gopala Dhar

Defensive Publications Series

Manual post-production of multi-camera footage can be a labor-intensive process, and some existing automated solutions may have limitations in comprehending narrative context or adapting content to the cinematic principles of diverse output formats. The disclosed technology relates to a framework that can facilitate multi-format content generation by first synchronizing raw footage and extracting rich metadata, which can include information such as speaker identification, emotion, and scene segmentation. A narrative-specific agent can then utilize a knowledge base of cinematic rules to score and rank video segments according to a desired output format, for example, a movie, a social media reel, or …

A System For Providing Language Models With Contextual Guidance Discovered From Software Library Packages, Michael Bleigh

Defensive Publications Series

Large language model (LLM) based coding agents may exhibit inconsistency when using software libraries, for example, by referencing outdated APIs from training data or generating calls to non-existent APIs. Some existing mechanisms for providing supplemental context may involve manual discovery and configuration by the user. A described system and associated standard allows library authors to package guidance, which may be specific to language models, directly within their distributable software package, for instance, in a dedicated directory. Tooling can be configured to discover this guidance across a project's dependencies, aggregate it, and provide it to a coding agent in a structured, …

A Method For Assessing Token Importance In Code-Switched Text Through Language Boundary Analysis, Mithun Kumar S R

Defensive Publications Series

Existing explainable AI (XAI) attribution methods for natural language processing (NLP) models may have difficulty determining token importance in code-switched text, potentially leading to explanations that do not fully capture the emphasis conveyed by switching languages or the structural role of words at language boundaries. A method is described that can address this by performing token-level language identification to locate boundaries between languages in an input text. A contextual weighting engine can then assign weights to tokens within a code-switched segment and to boundary tokens adjacent to the switch. These weights may be used to modulate raw attribution scores generated …

A System For Synchronizing Artificial Intelligence Model Context With External Data Sources, Colby Hawker, Piyush Arora

Defensive Publications Series

Artificial intelligence (AI) models that depend on context from external data sources may produce outdated responses as underlying information, such as database schemas or web content, changes over time. The described system compartmentalizes AI model context into static and dynamic components. A static context may comprise fixed rules, safety policies, and format requirements. A dynamic context can be populated by a user-provided script configured to run at a specified frequency. This script can fetch, structure, and cache data from external sources, for instance APIs or databases, using stored credentials. This method allows AI models to operate with more current information …

System For Recommending Ai Model Configurations With Human-In-The-Loop Oversight, Piyush Arora, Adam Glazier, Colby Hawker, Jaime Sonoda, Sönke Rohde

Defensive Publications Series

Configuring and optimizing artificial intelligence (AI) models for specific tasks can be a complex process that may involve deep technical expertise and iterative manual experimentation. This disclosure describes a system, which may be implemented as a self-improving AI agent, that can assist in automating this process by interpreting a user's intent to recommend a suitable AI model and configuration. The agent can analyze available models and propose settings, for example, system instructions, grounding data, and operational parameters. The system can also perform background evaluations to provide empirical data and a rationale for its recommendation. A human-in-the-loop component may be included …

A Method For Converting Business Process Models Into Orchestrated Ai Agent Workflows, Leonid Kuligin, Max Tschochohei

Defensive Publications Series

Automating complex business processes with large language models (LLMs) can present challenges, as monolithic prompts containing extensive domain-specific information and instructions can be difficult to develop and evaluate, and LLMs may lack certain adaptive business logic capabilities. The described method can address such challenges by transforming standard business process flowcharts (for example, decision trees or business process diagrams), into an orchestrated workflow. In this approach, a node of the flowchart can be converted into a distinct step for execution by a dedicated artificial intelligence (AI) sub-agent. The sub-agent may receive a targeted prompt containing relevant context from the flowchart's descriptions …

Transformative Opportunities For Community Engagement Within Teacher Education: Creating Opportunities To Prepare Preservice Teachers For Urban Environments In Post-Katrina New Orleans, Margaret-Mary Sulentic Dowell

Journal of Community Engagement and Higher Education

Preservice teachers need meaningful opportunities to engage in authentic community activities that expand their cultural horizons and frames of reference, strengthening their preparation for urban teaching. Abramson Science and Technology Magnet in New Orleans East opened the 2007-08 school year without a library or functioning classroom libraries. Providing access to books is a cornerstone of reading development; thus, Louisiana State University education candidates engaged in a project that established classroom libraries in every K-8 classroom.

Welcome From The Editor, Nancy Brattain Rogers

Journal of Community Engagement and Higher Education

No abstract provided.

Sexually Transmitted Infection Prevention Project As Community-Engaged Scholarship, Young-Me Lee, Susan Poslusny, Sara Anderson, Howard Rosing

Journal of Community Engagement and Higher Education

This article describes the results of a 6 month integrated community service and service learning project aimed at the high prevalence of sexually transmitted infection (STI) in a largely immigrant Latino and African-American community area. A total of 64 participants were screened and six positive cases were identified. Results indicated that the adolescents studied lacked proper knowledge regarding safe sex and healthy behaviors, and most refused treatment despite providing anonymous education, screening and treatment services.

Engaged Citizenship: Public Discourse As A Foundational Communication Course, Leila Brammer, Sarah Wolter

Journal of Community Engagement and Higher Education

Public speaking is historically situated at the intersection of public discourse and community engagement, although meeting both tenets can be a challenge. In response, the Communication Studies department at a liberal arts college replaced its traditional Public Speaking course with Public Discourse, a course shaped by an extensive civic engagement project. Analysis of student, project, community, and departmental outcomes demonstrate the effectiveness of this new course in preparing students for lives as engaged citizens.

Design And Implementation Of A Service Learning Course And Project: The File Of Life, Theresa Mccullough

Journal of Community Engagement and Higher Education

This article details a service learning course within a pharmacy curriculum. For the service learning project, pharmacy students in their first professional year assisted community members with completion of File of Life medical information cards at various locations in Southern Illinois. Students reached over 750 community members. This project increased students’ level of confidence in delivering health-related programs and also encouraged them to participate in community service in the future. Based on feedback, the experience was beneficial.

Community Partner Perceptions About Community Engagement Experiences For Nursing Students, Judith E. Wattman, Marjorie A. Schaffer, Maureen J. Juarez, Leanne L. Rogstad, Timothy Bredow, Sara E. Traylor

Journal of Community Engagement and Higher Education

This study explored community agency staff perceptions about community engagement learning experiences for nursing students. Focus groups with staff from eleven health-related community organizations revealed seven themes that will contribute to effective curriculum development and implementation for community engagement: (a) agency expectations for students, (b) orientation, (c) schedule of student experiences, (d) invested student participation, (e) student match with agencies, (f) projects envisioned, and (g) effective interactions with the population. Practice implications for developing community engagement learning experiences are suggested.

Evaluating The Impact Of Seed Money Grants In Stimulating Growth Of Community-Based Research And Service-Learning At A Major Public Research University, Judith A. Jetson, Mary E. Evans, Wendy Hathaway

Journal of Community Engagement and Higher Education

At a major research university, community engagement must intersect with research productivity and attract external funding to be well-regarded. At USF, community engagement increased its value to the institution by using seed grants for community-based research and service-learning projects. Between 1998 and 2006, 132 projects received $1.65 million in seed money from general revenue and local government funds, bringing over $9 million in grants to USF, a return on investment of approximately 6-to-1.

Providing Counseling Services In An Off-Campus Clinic: A Blueprint For Creating A Successful Partnership, Judith A. Nelson, Mary Nichter

Journal of Community Engagement and Higher Education

We offer a blueprint for creating an off-campus clinic through a university, school district, and community partnership. The facility which is housed in the school district provides university students with direct counseling experiences with clients who have genuine needs, allows the university to expand its goal of providing for the public good, and benefits the school district by enabling it to grow its own school counselors who currently teach in the district.

Vitamin B12 Deficiency As A Clue For Atrophic Gastritis: A Case Report And Review Of Updated Surveillance Guidelines, Nathaniel Alvarez, Erik Hinojosa, Blake Martin, Everardo Cobos, Chelsea Chang

Research Colloquium

Background: Vitamin B12 deficiency is a common finding in older adults, which can be attributed to either malnutrition or malabsorption. Despite the commonality of Vitamin B12 deficiency, autoimmune gastritis remains an underrecognized cause of Vitamin B12 deficiency in this population. In autoimmune gastritis, direct parietal cell destruction and loss of intrinsic factor leads to chronic inflammation, which can cause gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia. These cellular changes may increase the risk for gastric adenocarcinoma. Recent American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) updates recommend targeted evaluation and endoscopic surveillance for atrophic gastritis or intestinal metaplasia in high-risk patients. This case highlights vitamin B12 …

Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Electrocardiography For Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Bridging The Gap Between Innovation And Clinical Implementation, Muhammad Nabeel Saddique, Alina Jamshed

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

No abstract for this article type

A Method For Line Number Referencing In Large Language Models Using Embedded Metadata, Christopher Jonathan Phoenix

Defensive Publications Series

Large Language Models (LLMs) can have difficulty identifying or referencing specific line numbers in a file, which may affect their performance in tasks involving precise text or code manipulation. This disclosure describes a method to provide LLMs with positional awareness by embedding line number metadata into the file content. The technique can involve preprocessing a file to wrap each line in a structural marker, such as an XML-style tag, that contains the corresponding line number. When presented with this augmented file, the LLM may process the content and its associated line number metadata simultaneously. This can enable the model to …

Utilising Ai And Industrial Engineering Tools In Legal Systems: A Case Study On Oman’S Labour Law, Mahmood Al Kindi

The Journal of Engineering Research

A significant opportunity to modernise and enhance the efficiency of legal systems is presented by the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly within the context of national legal reforms. In this study, the application of AI techniques to the New Oman Labour Law of 2023 is explored, a comprehensive legal framework that impacts a wide range of interconnected legal domains, including commercial, social security, and immigration laws. The complex interdependencies between legal articles are uncovered through the employment of Natural Language Toolkit (NLTK) for Arabic text processing, custom-designed regular expression patterns, network analysis, and visualisation tools. How AI can be …

Uncovering Optimal Gains In Hotel Mergers In The Presence Of Correlated Inputs: An Integrated Owa-Inverse Dea Framework, Amar Oukil, Ahmed-Amin Soltani

The Journal of Engineering Research

Though Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) are strategic transactions that have long been intertwined with the hospitality sector, the application of data envelopment analysis (DEA) to hotel M&A has been largely overlooked. In this paper, we introduce a new methodological framework that integrates inverse DEA (IDEA) and the ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator to evaluate pairwise consolidations among hotels in the event of strong input correlation. While IDEA enables effective identification of all productive post-merger hotels, i.e., hotel mergers with potential input gains, the OWA aggregation is essentially prompted by the possible occurrence of inputs’ correlation. Rather than discarding inputs arbitrarily, …

Evaluating The Thermal Properties And Compatibility Of High-Density Polyethylene Micro/Nano-Hydroxyapatite Composites For Advanced Material Applications, Mohammed S. Al Owiemri, Moosa S.M. Al Kharusi, Farooq Al Jahwari

The Journal of Engineering Research

This study investigates the thermal behaviour and compatibility of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites reinforced with micro- and nano-scale hydroxyapatite (HA) particles, aiming to optimise their application in biomedical environments. Comprehensive thermal analyses were conducted using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) to evaluate the influence of HA fillers on thermal stability and crystallisation behaviour. TGA results revealed that HDPE/micro-HA composites exhibit enhanced thermal stability, with decomposition initiating at approximately 300 °C and concluding near 450 °C. Micro-HA demonstrated superior performance in delaying degradation compared to nano-HA, attributed to its larger particle size and chain mobility restriction. DSC analyses …

Harnessing Wind Energy For A Green Hydrogen Revolution In Oman: Potential, Challenges, And Economic Viability, Navid Nasiri, Morteza Mohammadzaheri, Rayyan Muhammad Rafikh, Maryam Farrizi, Hooman Nasiri, Intisar Al-Busaidi, Sulaiman Al-Hashmi

The Journal of Engineering Research

This study is the first to comprehensively evaluate green hydrogen production from wind energy across 14 geographically diverse sites in Oman, filling a critical research gap in the MENA region where wind-to-hydrogen feasibility remains underexplored. Unlike prior studies focused on Europe (Dincer & Acar, 2015) or solar-heavy MENA projects (Mohammed et al., 2024), this simulation-based analysis leverages Oman’s unique wind resources and arid climate to pioneer regionspecific insights. Using Weibull distribution for wind resource assessment, we calculate Capacity Factor (CF), Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE), Levelized Cost of Hydrogen (LCOH), annual hydrogen yields, and CO₂ emission reductions. Results highlight …

Fostering Students’ Ethical Engagement By Employing Online Interactive Platforms For Engineering Ethics Education, Waleed Ahmed, Rihab Hamza, Omar Alkhatib, Essam Zaneldin

The Journal of Engineering Research

This study examines the integration of online interactive tools in engineering ethics education to enhance student engagement, critical thinking, and ethical decision-making. These platforms allow students to generate and respond to questions based on ethical concepts and real-world case studies, turning traditional instruction into a dynamic, student-centred experience. Key features such as gamification, self-paced learning, and collaborative discussions foster healthy competition and motivation. The tools also support knowledge retention through peer discussions, quizzes, and interactive exercises, while multimedia resources and instant feedback help students refine ethical reasoning and apply professional standards. To evaluate the impact, student performance was assessed over …

Effective Maintenance Management Framework Through A Health Index: A Case Study In The Oil And Gas Industry, Khalid Al Fahdi, Hakan Gultekin, Emad Summad

The Journal of Engineering Research

The oil and gas sector is transforming rapidly, driven by global energy demand and the need to address climate change. Effective maintenance management is critical for ensuring asset reliability and operational safety in this sector, where predictive and proactive strategies replace traditional reactive maintenance practices. This paper introduces a comprehensive health maintenance management framework designed to enhance oil and gas industry maintenance practices. The proposed framework includes six essential stages: asset registration, maintenance strategy selection, capability promotion, maintenance implementation, reporting, and continuous improvement. A key innovation of the framework is using a Health Index (HI), which provides a quantitative and …

Recycling And Utilization Of Fiberglass–Resin Powder From Waste Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (Gfrp) For The Production Of Sustainable Phenolic Molding Products (Spmp), Hussein Antar Hussain Murad Bakhsh Al Balushi, Pradeep Kumar Krishnan, Mohamed Siddiq Mohamed Al-Balushi, B. M. Sangeetha, Thiyagu M, Megavannan Murugaiyan Mani

The Journal of Engineering Research

This study investigates the mechanical properties and sustainability implications of phenolic moulding compounds (PMCs) formulated with varying compositions of waste glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) powder and additives. By utilising waste GFRP from the composite pipe industry in Oman, the research aims to develop environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional Bakelite materials. The mechanical performance of these sustainable PMCs was assessed through compressive strength and hardness evaluations, revealing promising results that highlight the potential for improved material properties when incorporating treated GFRP powder. The findings suggest that these sustainable phenolic moulding products can be effectively utilised in various industries, including automotive, …

Design And Fabrication Of Vacuum-Assisted Compression Mould For Thermoplastic Polymers With Experimental Validation, Said A. Al Mufarraji, Farooq Al Jahwari, Mahmoud Al-Kindi, Tasneem Pervez, Imad Murtadha Ali

The Journal of Engineering Research

The manufacturing of thermoplastic materials, particularly polypropylene, is crucial for various industrial applications due to their lightweight, versatile, and durable properties. Compression moulding is a favored method for producing high-strength components; however, traditional open mould systems often result in defects such as air bubbles and voids, which weaken the mechanical integrity of the final product. This research introduces an advanced vacuum-assisted closed mould system designed to enhance the compressive strength and overall mechanical performance of polypropylene specimens. By applying vacuum, entrapped air is effectively removed, ensuring uniform material flow and reducing defects. Experimental results show a substantial improvement in mechanical …

A Pre- And Post-Pandemic Analysis Of The Reading College Readiness Of Texas Hispanic Boys By Their Economic Status, Sa’Myra K. A. Bradford, John R. Slate

School Leadership Review

In this multiyear study, we addressed the relationship of economic status (i.e., Economically Disadvantaged, Not Economically Disadvantaged) to the reading college readiness skills of Texas Hispanic high school boys. Texas statewide data on the state-mandated English I End-of-Course exam were obtained for two years pre-pandemic and the last four years post-pandemic. The three grade level standards on the STAAR English I End-of-Course exam (i.e., Approaches Grade Level, Meets Grade Level, and Masters Grade Level) were analyzed by economic status. Inferential statistical analyses revealed that lower percentages of Hispanic boys who were economically disadvantaged met the Approaches Grade Level, Meets Grade …

Cultivating Commitment Within Educational Ecosystems: Improving Teacher Satisfaction Through Autonomy And Expertise, Jane Mcintosh Cooper, Leslie Gauna, John Decman, Sheila Baker

School Leadership Review

This study explores the experiences of Texas educators’ job satisfaction, focusing on their ability to enact curriculum and pedagogy within their school ecosystems. Reporting of partial qualitative results of a larger mixed-methods survey of teachers in Texas, the research examines how administrative and contextual stances impact teachers’ professional and personal goals. Findings reveal that dismissive attitudes toward teachers’ content expertise and micromanagement by evaluation-focused leadership lead to dissatisfaction and potential attrition. Conversely, growth-oriented leadership that values autonomy and respects teachers’ practical knowledge enhances job satisfaction and commitment. The study, grounded in self-determination theory, highlights the critical role of intrinsic motivators—such …

Effects Of Different Loads Used In Post-Activation Potentiation Exercises On Sprint And Vertical Jump Performance Of Young Amateur Soccer Players, Emre Karaday, Yusuf Köklü, Erhan Işıkdemir, Bilal Utku Alemdaroğlu, Özlem Köklü

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different loads used in post-activation potentiation (PAP) exercises on the vertical jump and sprint performance of young amateur soccer players. Materials and methods: Twelve young amateur soccer players (age: 16.3 ± 1.2 years; height: 172.6 ± 3.88 cm; body weight: 63.2 ± 6.7 kg; training experience: 2.3 ± 1.4 years) participated voluntarily. The half squat exercise was performed in unloaded conditions and at three different intensities (L1:80%, L2: 90%, and L3: 100% of one-repetition maximum [1RM]), and its effects on players' countermovement jump (CMJ) and 30 m sprint …