Digital Commons Network^™

The Value Of Insider Control, Benjamin Means

William & Mary Law Review

According to conventional wisdom, insider control of businesses is detrimental to the interests of noncontrolling investors. Family-run businesses, in particular, are seen as nepotistic and inefficient. Yet, commentators have overestimated the dangers of insider control and overlooked its potential benefits for all stakeholders. Controlling owners have a personal stake that gives them reason to identify with their business and to adopt responsible business practices capable of creating lasting value. A stewardship model of insider control helps explain the continuing vitality of family businesses as well as the success of recent public offerings by Facebook, Google, and Snapchat involving low-vote or …

Enforcing Principled Constitutional Limits On Federal Power: A Neo-Federalist Refinement Of Justice Cardozo's Jurisprudence, Robert J. Pushaw Jr.

William & Mary Law Review

Since the New Deal of the mid-1930s, Congress has asserted virtually absolute power to (1) “regulate Commerce ... among the States,” (2) tax and spend for the “general Welfare,” and (3) delegate “legislative Power[ ]” to the executive branch. From 1937 until 1994, the Supreme Court rejected every claim that such statutes had exceeded Congress’s Article I authority and usurped the states’ reserved powers under the Tenth Amendment. Over the past quarter century, conservative Justices have tried, and failed, to develop principled constitutional limits on the federal government while keeping the modern administrative and social welfare state largely intact.

The …

Natural Resource And Natural Law Part I: Prior Appropriation, Robert W. Adler

William & Mary Law Review

In recent years, there has been a resurgence of civil disobedience over public land policy in the West, sometimes characterized by armed confrontations between ranchers and federal officials. This trend reflects renewed assertions that applicable positive law violates the natural rights (sometimes of purportedly divine origin) of ranchers and other land users, particularly under the prior appropriation doctrine and grounded in Lockean theories of property. At the same time, Native Americans and environmental activists have also relied on civil disobedience to assert natural rights to a healthy environment based on public trust, fundamental human rights, and other principles. This Article …

Prosecuting Poverty, Criminalizing Care, Wendy A. Bach

William & Mary Law Review

In 2013, state legislators sitting at the heart of America’s opiate epidemic created the crime of fetal assault. Although they offered a fairly standard series of criminologic rationales to justify the legislation, they also posited that the creation of this crime was a precondition to secure treatment (or care) resources for women addicted to opiates. This extraordinary supposition—that criminalizing conduct creates a road to care—is an outgrowth of three interlinked socio-legal trends: the building of the carceral state, the criminalization of poverty, and the rapid growth, since the late 1980s, of a new generation of problem-solving courts. Framed in this …

Envisioning Imperfect Futures: Authentication, User Information, Assessment, Oa, And Ux I, Athena Hoeppner

Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Implications Of Service Cyberspace Component Commands For Army Cyberspace Operations, Jeffrey L. Caton

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

The first 7 years of U.S. Cyber Command operations are paved with milestones that mark the steady operationalization of modern cyberspace as the newest domain of military conflict as well as a realm of international power. The creation of the Cyber Mission Force and Joint Force Headquarters-Cyber are significant steps toward improving the timeliness and effectiveness of cyberspace operations that directly support combatant commands and the whole-of-government responses to cyberspace threats. It focuses on the central question: “What is the context in which different military services approach cyberspace component operations internally as well as with the Department of Defense?”

Ball V. State Of Idaho Respondent's Brief Dckt. 45525

Not Reported

No abstract provided.

State V. Rodriguez Appellant's Brief Dckt. 46162

Not Reported

No abstract provided.

State V. Rodriguez Appellant's Brief Dckt. 46162

Not Reported

No abstract provided.

A Study On Seaworthiness Of The Kinmen-Xiamen Fairways By Fuzzy Method, Chien-Min Su, Ki-Yin Chang, Sheng-Long Kao, Chuan Lin

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

In recent years, more than five times as many ships have been crossing the Kinmen-Xiamen fairways as did ten years ago. For this traffic, plans of the once war-torn fairways are only available on charts. However, the nautical charts of the area show that information regarding tidal changes and environment is incomplete. In particular, some current fairways that have not been planned or corrected pass through suspected minefields. In fact, vessels sailing these waters do not navigate on the originally planned fairways, resulting in heavy, complicated vessel traffic and highlighting the need to investigate fairway seaworthiness. This study used long-term …

Effectiveness Of Web-Based Training Compliance With Seafarers International Training Convention, Ki-Yin Chang, Ay-Shiou Chiou, Tao-Heng Chang, Jian-Hung Shen

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

There is a rapidly growing demand for training courses in navigation safety; however, seafarers cannot simultaneously work onboard and attend onshore training courses. Therefore, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) set up digital training conventions in 2010 to speed up the waiting time for training courses. The IMO continues to include additional complimentary courses and certificates in training programs. This study proposes that web-based learning should be adopted to fulfill the requirements of the IMO Standard on Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW) training convention standards for seafarer training. The goal of this research is to explore whether web-based training …

Demographic Analyses Of The Data Limited Silky Shark Population In The Indian Ocean Using A Two-Sex Stochastic Matrix Framework, Wen-Pei Tsai, Yen-Jun Wang, Atsuko Yamaguchi

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

The silky shark, Carcharhinus falciformis, is a common bycatch species of tuna and swordfish longline fishing in the Indian Ocean. The high value of its fins makes it one of the most heavily fished shark species in the world. Concern over declining populations and the uncertainty surrounding its population dynamics has increased the urgency of developing appropriate methods to assess its stock status. This study developed a two-sex stage-based structured matrix model with Monte Carlo simulations to examine silky shark demography and population dynamics. The simulations indicate that, without mortality from fishing, the stock will increase slightly (sex combined mean …

Efficacy Of Taurine Against Aluminum Maltolate-Induced Apoptosis In Sh-Sy5y Cells Via Reduction Of Oxidative Stress, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, And Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Bi-Yu Liu, Yuh-Ju Lee, Hsian-Chin Jen, Deng-Fwu Hwang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Aluminum (Al) is one of the most abundant elements on the earth’s crust and is used in various industrial applications. However, Al is known to be associated with various neurodegenerative diseases. Taurine is a free amino acid presents at high concentrations in the brain and is crucial for neuron development. Here, the protective effects of taurine against Al-induced neurotoxicity were investigated. Al, at a concentration of 600 M, induced apoptosis of and cell cycle arrest in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Additionally, Al induced a 55% increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species and inhibited mitochondrial membrane potential up to …

Analysis Of Plane Netting With Twine Breakage In Aquaculture Net Cage, Zhong-Qiang Zheng, Rong Wan, Zong-Yu Chang, Yang Zhang, Jun Tao

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Offshore fish cage is one of the most important facilities for marine aquaculture farm. Existence and development of netting breakage can cause severe consequences, e.g., escape of fish, structure failure of cages, economic losses and ecological hazards. This paper presents the dynamic analysis of netting with breakage in fish cage under the influence of currents. The dynamic model of plane net with/without twine breakage is developed by using lumped mass method. The numerical integration method is employed to solve the differential equations. The effect of twine breakage on the shape of net and the tension distribution on the netting and …

Drought And Small-Bodied Herbivores Modify Nutrient Cycling In The Semi-Arid Shortgrass Steppe, Nathan P. Lemoine, Melinda D. Smith

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Climate change will increase the frequency of droughts over the next century, with severe consequences for ecosystem function in semi-arid grasslands. The shortgrass steppe (SGS) experiences some of the largest interannual variation in precipitation among terrestrial biomes and exhibits extremely high sensitivity to drought. Yet despite decades of research describing the consequences of drought for ecosystem function in the SGS, we currently have little information regarding the impact of drought on bioavailability of important nutrients other than nitrogen, the contribution of herbivores to bioavailable concentrations of these nutrients, and whether drought alters herbivore-derived nutrient cycling. To quantify the impacts of …

Improving The Treatment Of Rivers And Assessing River Influences In The Global Ocean Of The Community Earth System Model, Qiang Sun

Doctoral Dissertations

Rivers modify coastal and open ocean salinity, stratification, and biogeochemistry. It is challenging to resolve or represent riverine, estuarine, and coastal processes that influence the delivery and transport of river waters to the ocean in Earth system models. This study improves and examines performance of the Parallel Ocean Program (POP) within the Community Earth System Model (CESM) with respect to riverine freshwater and analyzes river influences throughout the global ocean. Applied improvements are: imposing river runoff as point sources, using local reference salinities when coupling runoff to the ocean, and parameterizing estuarine mixing and exchange with the newly developed Estuary …

Investigating The Dna-Binding Site For Virb, A Key Transcriptional Regulator Of Shigella Virulence Genes, Using An In Vivo Binding Tool, Monika M.A. Karney, Joy A. Mckenna, Natasha Weatherspoon-Griffin, Alexander D. Karabachev, Makensie E. Millar, Eliese A. Potoceck, Helen J. Wing

Life Sciences Faculty Research

The transcriptional anti-silencing and DNA-binding protein, VirB, is essential for the virulence of Shigella species and, yet, sequences required for VirB-DNA binding are poorly understood. While a 7-8 bp VirB-binding site has been proposed, it was derived from studies at a single VirB-dependent promoter, icsB. Our previous in vivo studies at a different VirB-dependent promoter, icsP, found that the proposed VirB-binding site was insufficient for regulation. Instead, the required site was found to be organized as a near-perfect inverted repeat separated by a single nucleotide spacer. Thus, the proposed 7-8 bp VirB-binding site needed to be re-evaluated. Here, we engineer …

Influence Of Negative Behaviors On Patient Safety Culture And Mortality Within Acute Care, Diana M. Layne, Lynne S. Nemeth, Martina Mueller, Mary Martin

Creating Healthy Work Environments (CHWE)

The primary aim of this study is the measurement of disruptive behavior among the interprofessional healthcare team and understanding how these behaviors influence patient safety culture and patient outcomes measured by AHRQ PSI related to mortality.

Action Of Complex Symplectic Matrices On The Siegel Upper Half Space, Keshav R. Acharya, Matt Mcbride

Publications

The Siegel upper half space, Sn, the space of complex symmetric matrices, Z with positive definite imaginary part, is the generalization of the complex upper half plane in higher dimensions. In this paper, we study a generalization of linear fractional transformations, ΦS, where S is a complex symplectic matrix, on the Siegel upper half space. We partially classify the complex symplectic matrices for which ΦS(Z) is well defined. We also consider Sn and Sn as metric spaces and discuss distance properties of the map ΦS from Sn to Sn and Sn respectively.

An Innovative Health System Strategy To Create And Sustain Healthy Work Environments, Susan A. Winslow, Joani S. Brough, Genemarie W. Mcgee, Cindy A. Parker

Creating Healthy Work Environments (CHWE)

This evidence-based practice project presents an innovative tool used by nurse leaders across a complex health system to visualize unit work environmental health. The goal was to develop a useful visual to classify nurse sensitive unit elements necessary to monitor a healthy work environment.

Cicu Pre Heart Transplant 1a Patients Experiences Using Fitbit Activity Tracker In Their Own Words, Frederick R. Macapagal, Holly M. Rodriguez

Creating Healthy Work Environments (CHWE)

Excerpts from pre heart transplant patients' interviews about the effects of using Fitbit as an activity/ ambulation aid in their pre transplant hospital stay, with corresponding patient-verified analysis and conclusions from researchers/presenters.

Beyond Biometrics: Optimizing Academic Professional Well-Being At Individual And Organizational Levels, Sara K. Kaylor, Leslie G. Cole, Melondie R. Carter

Creating Healthy Work Environments (CHWE)

This presentation describes an academic workplace wellness program and its longitudinal (5-year) impact on participating employees' biometric health screening data. An overview of workplace wellness literature will be offered, potential obstacles to participation will be explored, and strategies to improve wellness at the individual and organizational levels will be discussed.

Social-Emotional Screening Protocol Implementation: A Trauma-Informed Response For Young Children In Child Welfare, Michelle K. Spehr, Randee Masciola, Rosie Zeno, Barbara Warren, Pamela Lusk

Creating Healthy Work Environments (CHWE)

Adverse childhood experiences in very young children result in negative outcomes as trauma affects brain development. Within child welfare, early recognition of delayed social-emotional skills and treatment referral is essential in reducing the effects of trauma. This project implements an evidence-based, social-emotional screening protocol for young children in foster care.

Development Of Interprofessional Collaboration And Empowerment Of Professionals In Cancer Care, Virpi Sulosaari, Minna Stolt, Helena Leino-Kilpi

Creating Healthy Work Environments (CHWE)

In this poster, research process aiming to increase interprofessional collaboration and professional empowerment in the field of cancer care will be presented. We will demonstrate the overall design of the research project with development of research instrument and summary of results of baseline inquiry.

Early Mobilization Of Intensive Care Unit Patients, Nicolle L. Schneider, Morgan L. Theisen, Kelley A. Anaas, Elizabeth B. Golden, Christine M. Pocrnich

Creating Healthy Work Environments (CHWE)

Early mobilization of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients is shown to be safe and effective in improving patient outcomes. Our clinical action team set forward to devise a protocol to increase the incidence of early mobilization in the presence of physiologic barriers, such as femoral central lines.

Nurse Work Engagement And Nurse Manager Emotional Intelligence: A Developmental Intervention, Cathleen A. Wheatley

Creating Healthy Work Environments (CHWE)

An emotional intelligence developmental intervention to improve nurse manager leadership behaviors was tested to determine its effect on nurse work engagement as defined by the attributes of vigor, dedication, and absorption at work.

Factors Influencing Job Satisfaction In A Multigenerational Nursing Workplace, Ericka J. Sanner-Stiehr, Tarja Kvist, Simone Stevanin

Creating Healthy Work Environments (CHWE)

Increasing job satisfaction may assist organizations and health care to maintain the workforce. Variables influencing job satisfaction can vary between generations and ages. Organizations should tailor retention job satisfaction-related initiatives based on generation-specific perspectives.

Invasive Cardiology Bls/Acls Resuscitation Quality Improvement (Rqi), Linda M. Turner

Creating Healthy Work Environments (CHWE)

There were numerous expired BLS/ACLS cards due to scheduling problems. Staff cited lack of easily accessible classes as one reason. Our goal was to improve BLS/ACLS re-certification compliance by providing a learning experience in an easily accessible location where staff can participate in megacode in a familiar hospital-setting.

Turning The Unturnable Patient: A New Algorithm For Changing The Culture Of Pressure Ulcer Prevention, Samantha Jamison, Jennifer Boeckmann, Katie L. Britton, Margaret M. Petit, Sasha A. Nelson

Creating Healthy Work Environments (CHWE)

We sought to address a critical component of HAPU development by providing a new algorithm for repositioning that "teaches the body to turn." This new ICU Pressure Injury Prevention (PIP) algorithm provides guidelines for repositioning of hemodynamically unstable patients reducing Hospital acquired pressure ulcers.

Association Of Nurse Education Level And Nurse Staffing With Hospitalized Patient Perception Of Hospital Care, Xu Liu, Li-Ming You, Jing Zheng, Ke Liu, Jia-Li Liu

Creating Healthy Work Environments (CHWE)

Patients' voice was limited in previous research focused on optimizing patient outcomes. This study discussed the association of nurse education level and nurse staffing with hospital care perceived by patients.