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Undergraduate Voice Students’ Understanding Of The Vocalize And Its Purpose, Natalie H. Bazemore Jan 2026

Undergraduate Voice Students’ Understanding Of The Vocalize And Its Purpose, Natalie H. Bazemore

Honors College Theses

This research discusses undergraduate voice students' understanding of vocalizes and their purpose. To discuss this subject, a vocalize has been defined along with its purpose analyzed. By discovering what methods voice teachers are using to prescribe vocalizes tells us how they are educating their singers on developing technical singing skills. This research was collected through a survey conducted in Qualtrics and was shared via social media voice teacher forums and collegiate music settings. This 5-10 minute long survey included participants that are either undergraduate voice students or undergraduate voice teachers. The teachers and students completed different surveys, both asking about …


The Relationship Between U.S. Presidents And Governors From Opposing Political Parties: Policy Implementation And Crisis Management, Adam Richey Jan 2026

The Relationship Between U.S. Presidents And Governors From Opposing Political Parties: Policy Implementation And Crisis Management, Adam Richey

Honors College Theses

This thesis studies the impact of partisan divisions between U.S. presidents and state governors in regard to policy implementation and crisis management of the American federal system. While previous research has mainly addressed congressional polarization, executive relationships across different levels of government have received comparatively less scholarly focus.  Particularism theory argues that electoral incentives shape executive behavior, and this study finds that political alignment significantly affects cooperation, coordination, and responsiveness during times of crises. Focusing on qualitative comparative case study methods, the analysis examines Hurricane Katrina (2005) and the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2021). The results show that partisan division most often …


Perinatal Inflammation And Oxidative Stress Alter Adult Rat (Rattus Norvegicus) Motor Behavior, Alexander Young Jan 2026

Perinatal Inflammation And Oxidative Stress Alter Adult Rat (Rattus Norvegicus) Motor Behavior, Alexander Young

Honors College Theses

Recent evidence in comparative animal models suggests that early life exposure to elevated inflammation (via LPS exposure) and oxidative stress (via acetaminophen exposure) may synergistically interact to alter typical neurodevelopmental trajectories, resulting in lasting effects on both behavior and gut-brain neurochemistry. The current study observed emotional and motor behaviors and collected fecal-boli to measure Tyrosine (TE) levels in male and female Long-Evans (Rattus norvegicus) rats. Subjects were either treated with [1] saline [2] lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to introduce an inflammatory state, [3] acetaminophen (APAP) to introduce oxidative stress, or [4] a dual-hit of both LPS + APAP on postnatal day (PD) …


Exploring The Effects Of Mindset And Mood On Cognitive Performance, Pamela Kplivi Jan 2026

Exploring The Effects Of Mindset And Mood On Cognitive Performance, Pamela Kplivi

Honors College Theses

Individual and situational factors such as mindset and mood can shape performance on creative problem solving tasks. This study examined the potential effects of mindset (growth vs. fixed) and mood (positive, neutral, negative) on performance. Performance was measured using a shortened 60-item version of the Compound Remote Associates Task (CRAT; Bowden & Jung- Beeman, 2003). 92 undergraduate students completed self report measures of mindset (ITIS; Dweck, 1999) and self-efficacy (Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995). Participants were randomly assigned to a video-based mood induction condition and completed a self-reported mood survey (PANAS; Watson et al., 1988). Manipulation checks confirmed the effectiveness of …


The Role Of Mentorship In Reducing Burnout In New Nurses And Nursing Students, Omari Andry Jan 2026

The Role Of Mentorship In Reducing Burnout In New Nurses And Nursing Students, Omari Andry

Honors College Theses

Burnout among new nurses and nursing students is a consistent issue affecting the healthcare system by adding to early career turnover, emotional exhaustion, and decreased quality of patient care. Structured mentorship programs have emerged as a promising intervention to alleviate burnout by giving emotional support, professional development, and coping strategies. This proposal explores the role of mentorship in reducing burnout symptoms, improving job satisfaction, and promoting emotional resilience among new nurses and nursing students alike. Based on existing scholarly articles, the project will investigate how structured versus informal mentorship affects burnout rates, the qualities of effective mentors, and the outcomes …


What Is The Evolving Role Of Nurses In Telehealth As Future Healthcare Professionals?, Emma G. Lowry Jan 2026

What Is The Evolving Role Of Nurses In Telehealth As Future Healthcare Professionals?, Emma G. Lowry

Honors College Theses

Telehealth has evolved into an essential component of healthcare delivery in today's world, something that occurred alongside the COVID-19 pandemic. As healthcare professionals, nurses must be adequately prepared and equipped to use the tools for telehealth. This paper examines the evolving role of nurses in telehealth by assessing undergraduate nursing students’ and practicing nurses’ knowledge, attitudes, and perceived competencies. Data will be collected through a Qualtrics survey utilizing the Awareness, Knowledge, Attitude, and Skills (AKAS) Scale for Telemedicine, supplemented by interviews with telehealth practitioners to provide qualitative context. It is expected that variations in proficiency and attitudes, from previous biased …


Short Time, Lasting Impact: Teaching Pediatric End-Of-Life Care In One Day, Mckenzie Taliaferro Jan 2026

Short Time, Lasting Impact: Teaching Pediatric End-Of-Life Care In One Day, Mckenzie Taliaferro

Honors College Theses

Background: Pediatric nurses working in specialties that experience terminal diagnoses, death, and post-mortem care, often feel unprepared for the emotional toll and lack adequate support systems (Camera et al., 2024). Nurses report feeling under prepared due to a lack of hands-on opportunities before graduation (Richoux, et al., 2022). Pediatric death is a traumatic experience for families and nurses. Previous studies have shown that hands-on education increases nurses' confidence in caring for patients at the end of their lives (Cole & Foito, 2019; Noyes et al., 2023). Method: A one-day, hands-on multidisciplinary workshop on pediatric end-of-life (EOL) was created and offered …


Development Of Tunable Rose Bengal Based-Nanogumbos As Potential Selective Chemotherapeutic Agents, William J.A. Russell Jan 2026

Development Of Tunable Rose Bengal Based-Nanogumbos As Potential Selective Chemotherapeutic Agents, William J.A. Russell

Honors College Theses

As cancer remains one of the greatest threats to the global population, the development of chemotherapeutic agents that are selective and tunable is of critical importance. Herein, a series of Rose Bengal (RB)-based GUMBOS, a group of uniform materials based on organic salts, were synthesized via counterion exchange between [Na]2[RB] and three organic cations: tetrabutylphosphonium bromide [TBP][Br], tetraphenylphosphonium chloride [TPP][Cl], and 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [C12MIm][Cl]. The resulting GUMBOS were characterized through FT-IR, ESI-MS, NMR, and UV-Vis Spectroscopy. Partition coefficient studies indicated all GUMBOS exhibited hydrophobic physiochemical characteristics. These hydrophobic RB-based GUMBOS …


Effects Of Dietary Perfluorobutane Sulfonate (Pfbs) On Adipose Tissue, Hannah Olofintuyi, Eric Gato Jan 2026

Effects Of Dietary Perfluorobutane Sulfonate (Pfbs) On Adipose Tissue, Hannah Olofintuyi, Eric Gato

Honors College Theses

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are chemical substances used in a variety of industrial applications and consumer products. Perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) is often used as a replacement for the more harmful (Perfluoroalkyl sulfonate) PFAS chemicals that have been around longer. It is believed that PFBS does not remain in the body as long as other PFAS compounds; however, there is a rising concern that it has the potential to cause damage to human health. This study focused on understanding how dietary PFBS exposure affects metabolism-related processes in adipose tissues in rats. To accomplish study objectives, Sprague Dawley rats were exposed …


From The Classroom To The Workplace: The Role Of Internships In Shaping Student Values, Jasmine Williams Jan 2026

From The Classroom To The Workplace: The Role Of Internships In Shaping Student Values, Jasmine Williams

Honors College Theses

A significant degree of research on workplace values has been conducted to better understand how employees are motivated in the hopes of reducing turnover. There also exists a significant body of literature on how internships impact career outcome and can effectively prepare students for the workforce. However, previous studies have not explored the differences between students who have completed internships in comparison to those who have not. The goal of this research is to determine whether internships create a significant impact on students’ workplace values (e.g. intrinsic, extrinsic, altruistic, and social) when compared to students who have not completed an …


Preventing Coccus Longulus Infestation, Nicholas Wellls Jan 2026

Preventing Coccus Longulus Infestation, Nicholas Wellls

Honors College Theses

In the Armstrong greenhouse, the Coccus longulus scale insect is a prevalent problem on a specific species of Begonia known as Begonia ‘Richmondensis’. Inside the greenhouse there are several types of begonias with very similar characteristics to the Richmondensis begonia. However, none of these other begonias are infested by C. longulus, despite similar leaf thickness and environmental conditions such as humidity and light. This project examined whether differences in the chemical composition of the Begonia leaves can explain this pattern. Results were not statistically significant, but they showed that the chemicals had a noticeable impact on the scale, and …


Crisis Communication In The Influencer Era: A Crisis Response Analysis Of Poppi And Alani Nu, Meredith E. Staley Jan 2026

Crisis Communication In The Influencer Era: A Crisis Response Analysis Of Poppi And Alani Nu, Meredith E. Staley

Honors College Theses

As social media continues to reshape modern public relations practice, beverage brands like Alani Nu and Poppi offer relevant examples of influencer-driven communication and crisis response. This honors thesis compares and contrasts these brands following two major crises: Poppi’s influencer vending machine campaign and the health concerns and backlash surrounding Alani Nu’s energy drinks. Despite the well-known prevalence of these brands, there is little scholarly research examining their crisis communication strategies. Guided by Situational Crisis Communication Theory, this study uses a combination of social and news media content analysis to evaluate how each brand responded to its respective crisis. Each …


How Is The Use Of Ai Impacting Nursing Students Education?, Lorna H. Strain Jan 2026

How Is The Use Of Ai Impacting Nursing Students Education?, Lorna H. Strain

Honors College Theses

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education is rapidly increasing and reshaping how nursing students learn and engage with content. This thesis proposal looks at the impact of AI on the education of nursing students and explores students' perceptions of its use in their learning and education. As AI becomes more prevalent, many students are using it for study aids and content personalization, while schools are using it in simulations and textbook platforms. Many recognize its benefits, such as enhanced critical thinking, improved accessibility of materials, and more immersive learning. Concerns persist around ethical use, academic integrity, and the …


The Open Secret: Drugs And Fishing In Georgia, Makala L. Collins Jan 2026

The Open Secret: Drugs And Fishing In Georgia, Makala L. Collins

Honors College Theses

Substance use and overdose deaths have been disproportionally disrupting families and communities in rural America. Increasing rates of drug use in these areas can be traced to the outsourcing of blue-collar work to outside of the United States, which economically restructured these areas by decreasing the profitability of generational industries. This is the story playing out in Georgia’s commercial shrimping industry and the communities it used to support. This research uses qualitative data collected over the past ten years to understand the perceptions and impacts of drug use on Georgia’s shrimping community. Using a lens of critical medical anthropology, environmental …


Validity Assessment Of Resting Heart Rate Variability From The Garmin Health Snapshot, Kayla M. Porter, Andrew Flatt Jan 2026

Validity Assessment Of Resting Heart Rate Variability From The Garmin Health Snapshot, Kayla M. Porter, Andrew Flatt

Honors College Theses

Purpose: To assess the agreement between the Garmin Forerunner 265 (a commercially available sports watch) and a single-channel electrocardiographic (ECG) chest strap for determining resting heart rate variability (HRV). Secondary aims were to assess the impact of skin tone and body position on measurement accuracy.

Methods: Young adults (n = 30, 57% women) aged 18–39 years without known cardiovascular conditions and without tattooing or scarring on the dorsal left wrist were recruited. HRV was recorded simultaneously using ECG and the Forerunner 265’s optical sensor during Garmin’s 2-minute “Health Snapshot.” Measurements were obtained in three standardized positions: supine, seated, and standing. …


"Sing It Again": Linguistic Medievalisms In Geoffrey Hill And Seamus Heaney, Christian Cotten-Dixon Jan 2026

"Sing It Again": Linguistic Medievalisms In Geoffrey Hill And Seamus Heaney, Christian Cotten-Dixon

Honors College Theses

This study examines the use of early medieval structure and language in the poetry of Seamus Heaney and Geoffrey Hill, focusing on their near-contemporary collections, North and Mercian Hymns. Both collections use etymological and poetic structures to fashion an imagined medieval past in order to discuss personal and cultural narratives of history. Leveraging these structures in poetry and digging them out of past strata like a material artifact, Heaney and Hill collapse linear systems of time and language and access past word forms even as they evolve. This archaeological approach to poetry gives them the means to place the …


The Sting Of The Women Airforce Service Pilots: The Fight For Militarization And Recognition, Cassandra Cates Jan 2026

The Sting Of The Women Airforce Service Pilots: The Fight For Militarization And Recognition, Cassandra Cates

Honors College Theses

The Women Airforce Service Pilots, commonly known as the WASPs, were the first women to fly military planes for the United States. Serving during World War II, the main goal of the WASPs was to relieve the men flying planes domestically, so the men could serve overseas. But despite their dedicated wartime service, negative press and an unfavorable Congressional investigation prevented the WASPs from being fully recognized in 1944, and consequently militarized. Once they were disbanded near war’s end, the WASPs returned to civilian life. Not until the 1970s did the WASPs start to speak out about their service and …


Perception Of Bsn Nursing Students On Theory-Practice Gap, Emmalyn G. Siclare Jan 2026

Perception Of Bsn Nursing Students On Theory-Practice Gap, Emmalyn G. Siclare

Honors College Theses

Nursing students obtain valuable experience and are greatly influenced by their clinical experience in nursing school. The continuity and translation of lecture content learned in nursing school to the clinical part of nursing school is known as the theory-practice gap, and it is a vital part of nursing students’ education that is suffering. A perceivable theory-practice gap has a profound effect on students’ readiness for entering the nursing profession. This study examines how the theory-practice gap is understood by Bachelor of Science in Nursing students, and solutions for how it can be remedied. A descriptive qualitative study was conducted to …


Exploring Academic Burnout In Georgia Southern University Nursing Students, Gwyneth A. Green Jan 2026

Exploring Academic Burnout In Georgia Southern University Nursing Students, Gwyneth A. Green

Honors College Theses

This project aims to explore the burnout that nursing students experience while going through nursing school. There are plenty of stressors that affect nursing students and their performance in the classroom, so the goal is to identify these stressors and find ways to cope with them to improve classroom performance and decrease the number of students who quit while in school. Finding ways to make nursing school a better experience overall will help improve the outcomes coming out of school and starting to work. A survey was given to research multiple cohorts in the Georgia Southern University Nursing program to …


Rydberg Atom Arrays For Electric Field Sensing, James P. Hamilton Jan 2026

Rydberg Atom Arrays For Electric Field Sensing, James P. Hamilton

Honors College Theses

Rydberg atoms, hydrogen-like atoms that can be excited to states of high principal quantum number that carry correspondingly large electric dipole moments, have become leading candidates for precision electric field sensing. Arrays of such atoms, each trapped in a focused laser beam called an “optical tweezer,” are a particularly promising platform, since the strong dipole-dipole interactions between neighboring atoms provide a resource unavailable in a single-atom sensor. This thesis develops a theoretical and numerical framework for electric field measurement in small Rydberg atom arrays. We begin with a two-level model of a single atom, derive the Hamiltonian and equations of …


Public Functions And Private Resources, Zachary S. Price Jan 2026

Public Functions And Private Resources, Zachary S. Price

Faculty Scholarship

At the federal level, the boundary between public and private functions is under pressure. On top of longstanding trends toward privatizing government functions and running agencies like businesses, the second Trump administration has sought to enlist private resources more broadly for performing public functions. This Article for the Washington University Law Review’s symposium on “Taxing, Spending, and the Constitution” outlines constitutional principles for assessing such actions. Building on prior work, it explains that presidents may seek outside assistance in exercising “resource-independent” powers, meaning powers like the veto and pardon authorities that do not depend on congressionally authorized resources in …


A Deal's A Deal: The Obvious Problem In Patent Law, Robin C. Feldman, Gideon Schor Jan 2026

A Deal's A Deal: The Obvious Problem In Patent Law, Robin C. Feldman, Gideon Schor

Faculty Scholarship

Critics and industry alike agree that something is amiss in the market for medicines: Drug prices continue to rise, while various players point fingers, attributing the problem to different systemic inefficiencies. At the heart of this problem, however, lies the patent system, which provides the power that drives many of the strategic behaviors discussed in the literature.

A Deal’s a Deal suggests that a key element of patent law — obviousness doctrine — has been overlooked in the search for causes and solutions of the many distortions in pharmaceutical markets. This uniquely comprehensive Article examines obviousness doctrine from numerous angles: …


Exclusion By Design: Immigrant Racialization And Temporary Legal Status, Ming H. Chen, Jennifer M. Chacón, Shannon M. Gleeson Jan 2026

Exclusion By Design: Immigrant Racialization And Temporary Legal Status, Ming H. Chen, Jennifer M. Chacón, Shannon M. Gleeson

Faculty Scholarship

Migrant workers enter the United States on temporary visas more often than on green cards that lead to U.S. citizenship, and the majority come from countries whose emigrants would be classified as non-White in the United States. Even so, immigration scholarship gives short shrift to temporary statuses and often treats them as race neutral. This Article contributes to the growing body of critical migration studies by demonstrating how immigration law assigns meaning to the legal status of temporary migrants. We find that temporary legal statuses are designed in ways that unnecessarily foster social exclusion through a process of racialization and …


Language, Gender, And Identity In Immigration Contexts: Pragmatic And Sociocultural Markers In Arabic-Speaking Diaspora Communities, Muhammad Alasmari, Abdu Al-Kadi, Rashad Ahmed, Obied Alaqlobi Jan 2026

Language, Gender, And Identity In Immigration Contexts: Pragmatic And Sociocultural Markers In Arabic-Speaking Diaspora Communities, Muhammad Alasmari, Abdu Al-Kadi, Rashad Ahmed, Obied Alaqlobi

Research, Publications & Creative Work

The pragmatics of native language use among immigrants is a central linguistic concern under the pressures of transnational migration. On this backdrop, this study investigates the multifunctionality of the Arabic expression Aiy Khadamat (AK), a discourse marker widely used by Yemenis in both homeland and diaspora contexts. Focusing on politeness, conflict management, and sociocultural signaling, the study examines how AK functions as a discourse marker within immigrant interactions. A descriptive-analytical design grounded in qualitative methods was employed, using nine discourse completion scenarios presented to 30 male and 30 female Yemeni Arabic speakers residing permanently in the United States. Findings reveal …


A Note On Asymptotics Of Estimators For Axially Symmetric Processes On The Sphere, Haimeng Zhang, Chunfeng Huang, Xiaohuan Xue, A.L.A.R.R. Thanuja, Bukola O. Adaramola Jan 2026

A Note On Asymptotics Of Estimators For Axially Symmetric Processes On The Sphere, Haimeng Zhang, Chunfeng Huang, Xiaohuan Xue, A.L.A.R.R. Thanuja, Bukola O. Adaramola

Research, Publications & Creative Work

Axially symmetric processes, those stationary in longitude but nonstationary across latitude, provide a flexible and physically meaningful class of models for global environmental data. Despite their wide use, the asymptotic properties of classical method-of-moments (MOM) estimators for these processes remain largely unexamined. In this work, we investigate MOM estimators of covariances and cross-variograms for axially symmetric Gaussian processes observed on regular latitude-longitude grids. First, we show that MOM covariance estimators are asymptotically biased. We then examine MOM estimators of cross-variograms, and prove that they are unbiased. However, using the block circulant structure of the covariance matrix and its Fourier diagonalization, …


Navigating Language, Faith, And Identity: A Case Study Of Language Policies In Indian Transnational Families In Saudi Arabia, Muhammad Alasmari, Rashad Ahmed, Amna Shamim, Nief Aied Al-Gamdi Jan 2026

Navigating Language, Faith, And Identity: A Case Study Of Language Policies In Indian Transnational Families In Saudi Arabia, Muhammad Alasmari, Rashad Ahmed, Amna Shamim, Nief Aied Al-Gamdi

Research, Publications & Creative Work

This study investigates the family language policies (FLPs) of two North Indian Muslim families residing in Saudi Arabia, focusing on how they navigate multilingualism to balance cultural heritage, religious practices, and sociolinguistic adaptation. Using Spolsky’s FLP framework and a qualitative case study approach, the research examines the dynamic roles of Urdu, Arabic, and English in these households. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with mothers and children to explore language ideologies, practices, and management strategies. The findings reveal that Urdu serves as a cornerstone of cultural identity, while Arabic is pivotal for religious education and social integration. English plays a supplementary role …


Validating Uas-Based Ndvi Data With Satellite Landsat Imagery For Bald Eagle Habitat Prediction In The Del Rio Springs Ecosystem, Noah Morales, Colton Weeks, Hank Vincent, Ronny Schroeder Jan 2026

Validating Uas-Based Ndvi Data With Satellite Landsat Imagery For Bald Eagle Habitat Prediction In The Del Rio Springs Ecosystem, Noah Morales, Colton Weeks, Hank Vincent, Ronny Schroeder

Student Works

Vegetation health is commonly assessed using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), which can be derived from multispectral sensors operating at different spatial resolutions. Validating NDVI products across sensor platforms is essential to determine their reliability for environmental monitoring and habitat assessment. This research compares NDVI derived from moderate-resolution satellite imagery and high-resolution unmanned aircraft system (UAS) imagery collected over the same study area. Landsat imagery, provided through the joint USGS–NASA mission, was used to represent satellite-based vegetation patterns, while high-resolution multispectral data were acquired using a MicaSense sensor mounted on a UAS to capture fine-scale vegetation detail.

NDVI values …


Validating Uas Lidar With Airborne Lidar For Precision Streamline Generation In Del Rio Springs, Arizona, Brad Rudy, Colton Weeks, Hank Vincent, Ronny Schroeder Jan 2026

Validating Uas Lidar With Airborne Lidar For Precision Streamline Generation In Del Rio Springs, Arizona, Brad Rudy, Colton Weeks, Hank Vincent, Ronny Schroeder

Student Works

Accurate streamline delineation and high-resolution topographic products are essential across numerous disciplines, including hydrological analysis, environmental monitoring, construction, and erosion modeling. Products derived from high-accuracy elevation data provide greater reliability and improved decision-making outcomes for all fields that depend on them. A 2018 USGS airborne LiDAR dataset covering the Del Rio Springs riparian area north of Chino Valley, Arizona, offers a valuable opportunity to evaluate the relative accuracy of the DJI L1 LiDAR sensor when mounted on a Matrice 300 RTK UAV platform. Compared to traditional manned airborne systems, the UAV-mounted L1 provides high-accuracy, high-density point cloud data over small …


Integrated Geospatial Analysis Of Burn Severity And Vegetation Recovery Of The California August Complex Fire In 2020, Dharm Barot, Ronny Schroeder Jan 2026

Integrated Geospatial Analysis Of Burn Severity And Vegetation Recovery Of The California August Complex Fire In 2020, Dharm Barot, Ronny Schroeder

Student Works

Large wildfires increasingly alter vegetation structure and ecosystem recovery trajectories at landscape scales, requiring reliable geospatial methods for post-fire assessment. This study evaluates burn severity and vegetation recovery following the 2020 California August Complex Fire using an integrated framework combining multispectral satellite imagery, spatial statistics, and airborne LiDAR data.

Burn severity was quantified using differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR), and vegetation recovery was assessed through a multi-temporal NBR time series spanning pre-fire (2015), fire-year (2020), and post-fire (2025) conditions. Optimized Hotspot Analysis (Gi*) was applied to isolate statistically significant clusters of high burn severity and reduce bias in recovery estimates. …


Integrated Geospatial Analysis Of Burn Severity And Vegetation Recovery Of The California August Complex Fire In 2020, Dharm Barot, Ronny Schroeder, Elise Anderson Jan 2026

Integrated Geospatial Analysis Of Burn Severity And Vegetation Recovery Of The California August Complex Fire In 2020, Dharm Barot, Ronny Schroeder, Elise Anderson

Student Works

Large wildfires increasingly alter vegetation structure and ecosystem recovery trajectories at landscape scales, requiring reliable geospatial methods for post-fire assessment. This study evaluates burn severity and vegetation recovery following the 2020 California August Complex Fire using an integrated framework combining multispectral satellite imagery, spatial statistics, and airborne LiDAR data.

Burn severity was quantified using differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR), and vegetation recovery was assessed through a multi-temporal NBR time series spanning pre-fire (2015), fire-year (2020), and post-fire (2025) conditions. Optimized Hotspot Analysis (Gi*) was applied to isolate statistically significant clusters of high burn severity and reduce bias in recovery estimates. …