University of Connecticut - Storrs
CUNY Bronx Community College
The Effects Of Continuous Insulin Pump Therapy On Glycemic Control In Pregnant Type 1 Diabetics,
2017
Dominican University of California
The Effects Of Continuous Insulin Pump Therapy On Glycemic Control In Pregnant Type 1 Diabetics, Kimberly Kelsey
Senior Theses and Capstone Projects
Type 1 Diabetics have various ways of managing their diabetes that have been studied for their effectiveness. Pregnancy in the Type 1 Diabetic has been understudied. It is known that Diabetics in general have poorer pregnancy outcomes because of poor glycemic control. This coupled with the fact that the body needs 3-4 times more insulin as pregnancy comes to an end makes managing blood glucose levels challenging for diabetics (Lowdermilk, 2016, p. 689). For the Type 1 Diabetic, there are two main ways to control diabetes: multiple daily injections using at least two type of insulin and continuous subcutaneous insulin ...
The Effects Of Fluoride Ions On Neuromuscular Activity And Regeneration In Dugesia Tigrina,
2017
Albany State University
The Effects Of Fluoride Ions On Neuromuscular Activity And Regeneration In Dugesia Tigrina, John Williams Jr.
Georgia Journal of Science
Fluoride ions have been implicated in numerous nervous system pathologies, though the association of these ions with these conditions has been controversial. The purpose of this research is to determine the effects that fluoride ions have on the nervous system development and function in planarians as a simple model for fluoride-nervous system interactions. In the first set of experiments, planarians were exposed to one of four concentrations of sodium fluoride: 0 mM, 1 mM, 1 mM, and 5 mM. In the second set of experiments, planarians were bisected and exposed to 1 mM of NaCl and NaF for regeneration purposes ...
Costs Of Group Locomotion: How Infant-Carrying And Group Members Mediate Walking Speed Decisions In North American And East African Populations,
2017
Seattle Pacific University
Costs Of Group Locomotion: How Infant-Carrying And Group Members Mediate Walking Speed Decisions In North American And East African Populations, Leah M. Bouterse
Honors Projects
A major portion of humans’ activity-based energy expenditure is taken up by locomotion, particularly walking. Humans can offset the energetic expenditure of walking in numerous ways, both evolutionary (such as changes in body shape) and culturally. Behaviorally, people can choose to walk in a variety of ways, including alone or with a group, carrying loads, and walking quickly or more slowly. All of these behaviors have energetic outcomes and as such can be important windows into how populations and groups adjust to different constraints. While sex differences in speed of paired walkers have been established by others, the dynamics of ...
Central Role Of Il-23 And Il-17 Producing Eosinophils As Immunomodulatory Effector Cells In Acute Pulmonary Aspergillosis And Allergic Asthma,
2017
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Central Role Of Il-23 And Il-17 Producing Eosinophils As Immunomodulatory Effector Cells In Acute Pulmonary Aspergillosis And Allergic Asthma, Evelyn V. Santos Guerra, Chrono K. Lee, Charles A. Specht, Bhawna Yadav, Haibin Huang, Ali Akalin, Jun R. Huh, Christian Mueller, Stuart M. Levitz
Christian Mueller
Aspergillus fumigatus causes invasive pulmonary disease in immunocompromised hosts and allergic asthma in atopic individuals. We studied the contribution of lung eosinophils to these fungal diseases. By in vivo intracellular cytokine staining and confocal microscopy, we observed that eosinophils act as local sources of IL-23 and IL-17. Remarkably, mice lacking eosinophils had a >95% reduction in the percentage of lung IL-23p19+ cells as well as markedly reduced IL-23 heterodimer in lung lavage fluid. Eosinophils killed A. fumigatus conidia in vivo. Eosinopenic mice had higher mortality rates, decreased recruitment of inflammatory monocytes, and decreased expansion of lung macrophages after challenge with ...
Hepatitis C Virus-Induced Monocyte Differentiation Into Polarized M2 Macrophages Promotes Stellate Cell Activation Via Tgf-Beta,
2017
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Hepatitis C Virus-Induced Monocyte Differentiation Into Polarized M2 Macrophages Promotes Stellate Cell Activation Via Tgf-Beta, Banishree Saha, Karen Kodys, Gyongyi Szabo
Gyongyi Szabo
BACKGROUND and AIMS: Monocyte and macrophage (MPhi) activation contributes to the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Disease pathogenesis is regulated by both liver-resident MPhis and monocytes recruited as precursors of MPhis into the damaged liver. Monocytes differentiate into M1 (classic/proinflammatory) or M2 (alternative/anti-inflammatory) polarized MPhis in response to tissue microenvironment. We hypothesized that HCV-infected hepatoma cells (infected with Japanese fulminant hepatitis-1 [Huh7.5/JFH-1]) induce monocyte differentiation into polarized MPhis. METHODS: Healthy human monocytes were co-cultured with Huh7.5/JFH-1 cells or cell-free virus for 7 days and analyzed for MPhi markers and cytokine levels ...
A Novel Micro Cold Atmospheric Plasma Device For Glioblastoma Both In Vitro And In Vivo.,
2017
George Washington University
A Novel Micro Cold Atmospheric Plasma Device For Glioblastoma Both In Vitro And In Vivo., Zhitong Chen, Hayk Simonyan, Xiaoqian Cheng, Eda Gjika, Li Lin, Jerome Canady, Jonathan H Sherman, Colin Young, Michael Keidar
Pharmacology and Physiology Faculty Publications
: Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment is a rapidly expanding and emerging technology for cancer treatment. Direct CAP jet irradiation is limited to the skin and it can also be invoked as a supplement therapy during surgery as it only causes cell death in the upper three to five cell layers. However, the current cannulas from which the plasma emanates are too large for intracranial applications. To enhance efficiency and expand the applicability of the CAP method for brain tumors and reduce the gas flow rate and size of the plasma jet, a novel micro-sized CAP device (µCAP) was developed and ...
Multi-Modal Exercise Training And Protein-Pacing Enhances Physical Performance Adaptations Independent Of Growth Hormone And Bdnf But May Be Dependent On Igf-1 In Exercise-Trained Men,
2017
Skidmore College
Multi-Modal Exercise Training And Protein-Pacing Enhances Physical Performance Adaptations Independent Of Growth Hormone And Bdnf But May Be Dependent On Igf-1 In Exercise-Trained Men, Stephen J. Ives, Chelsea Norton, Vincent Miller, Olivia Minicucci, Jake Robinson, Gabe O'Brien, Daniela Escudero, Maia Paul, Caitlin Sheridan, Kathryn Curran, Kayla Rose, Nathaniel Robinson, Feng He, Paul J. Arciero
Stephen J. Ives
OBJECTIVE: Protein-pacing (P; 5-6meals/day @ 2.0g/kgBW/day) and multi-mode exercise (RISE; resistance, interval, stretching, endurance) training (PRISE) improves muscular endurance, strength, power and arterial health in exercise-trained women. The current study extends these findings by examining PRISE on fitness, growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) response, cardiometabolic health, and body composition in exercise-trained men. DESIGN: Twenty active males (>4daysexercise/week) completed either: PRISE (n=11) or RISE (5-6meals/day @ 1.0g/kgBW/day; n=9) for 12weeks. Muscular strength (1-repetition maximum bench and leg press, 1-RM BP, and 1-RM LP), endurance (sit-ups ...
The Effect Of Concurrent Plyometric Training Versus Submaximal Aerobic Cycling On Rowing Economy, Peak Power, And Performance In Male High School Rowers,
2017
Skidmore College
The Effect Of Concurrent Plyometric Training Versus Submaximal Aerobic Cycling On Rowing Economy, Peak Power, And Performance In Male High School Rowers, Julian D. Egan-Shuttler, Rohan Edmonds, Cassandra Eddy, Veronica O’Neill, Stephen J. Ives
Stephen J. Ives
BACKGROUND: Plyometric training has been shown to increase muscle power, running economy, and performance in athletes. Despite its use by rowing coaches, it is unknown whether plyometrics might improve rowing economy or performance. The purpose was to determine if plyometric training, in conjunction with training on the water, would lead to improved rowing economy and performance. METHODS: Eighteen male high school rowers were assigned to perform 4 weeks of either plyometric training (PLYO, n = 9) or steady-state cycling below ventilatory threshold (endurance, E, n = 9), for 30 min prior to practice on the water (matched for training volume) 3 days ...
Protein-Pacing And Multi-Component Exercise Training Improves Physical Performance Outcomes In Exercise-Trained Women: The Prise 3 Study,
2017
Skidmore College
Protein-Pacing And Multi-Component Exercise Training Improves Physical Performance Outcomes In Exercise-Trained Women: The Prise 3 Study, Paul J. Arciero, Stephen J. Ives, Chelsea Norton, Daniela Escudero, Olivia Minicucci, Gabe O’Brien, Maia Paul, Michael J. Ormsbee, Vincent Miller, Caitlin Sheridan, Feng He
Stephen J. Ives
The beneficial cardiometabolic and body composition effects of combined protein-pacing (P; 5-6 meals/day at 2.0 g/kg BW/day) and multi-mode exercise (resistance, interval, stretching, endurance; RISE) training (PRISE) in obese adults has previously been established. The current study examines PRISE on physical performance (endurance, strength and power) outcomes in healthy, physically active women. Thirty exercise-trained women (>4 days exercise/week) were randomized to either PRISE (n = 15) or a control (CON, 5-6 meals/day at 1.0 g/kg BW/day; n = 15) for 12 weeks. Muscular strength (1-RM bench press, 1-RM BP) endurance (sit-ups, SUs; push-ups ...
Comparison Of Ventilatory Measures And 20 Km Time Trial Performance,
2017
Northern Kentucky University
Comparison Of Ventilatory Measures And 20 Km Time Trial Performance, Willard Peveler
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 10(4): 640-648, 2017. Performance threshold measures are used to predict cycling performance. Previous research has focused on long time trials (≥ 40 km) using power at ventilatory threshold and respiratory threshold to estimate time trial performance. As intensity greatly differs during shorter time trails applying findings from longer time trials may not be appropriate. The use of heart rate measures to determine 20 km time trial performance has yet to be examined. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of heart rate measures at ventilatory threshold (VE/VO2 Plotted and VT ...
Endocrine And Metabolic Effects Of Consuming Sugar-Sweetened Beverages: Preclinical And Clinical Studies",
2017
University of California, Davis
Endocrine And Metabolic Effects Of Consuming Sugar-Sweetened Beverages: Preclinical And Clinical Studies", Peter Havel
Science Seminar Series
Peter J. Havel of the School of Veterinary Medicine at UC Davis will speak on his research on Endocrine and Metabolic Effects of Consuming Sugar-Sweetened Beverages: Preclinical and clinical studies at this Science Seminar Series lecture.
Capacitive Memory Alters Alternans And Spontaneous Activity In A Minimal Cardiomyocyte Model,
2017
Virginia Commonwealth University
Capacitive Memory Alters Alternans And Spontaneous Activity In A Minimal Cardiomyocyte Model, Tien Comlekoglu, Seth H. Weinberg
Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference
No abstract provided.
The Influence Of Age, Work Experience, Education Level, And Score On A Standardized Pre-Employment Competency Exam On The Outcome Of A Pre-Employment Polygraph Exam,
2017
Seton Hall University
The Influence Of Age, Work Experience, Education Level, And Score On A Standardized Pre-Employment Competency Exam On The Outcome Of A Pre-Employment Polygraph Exam, David M. Torres
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
This study examined the influence of age, work experience, education level, and score on a standardized pre-employment competency exam on the outcome of a pre-employment polygraph exam. Due to the strict selection requirements and competitive nature of sensitive government and public safety positions, organizations compete in the costly endeavor to hire qualified applicants efficiently and effectively. As these organizations fail to meet the required hiring levels, their responsibilities in public and national security cannot be carried out. This study was conducted in an effort to reduce the time and financial resources an organization must appropriate on applicants that cannot successfully ...
Mathematical Modeling Of Normal And Abnormal Responses To The Valsalva Maneuver,
2017
North Carolina State University
Mathematical Modeling Of Normal And Abnormal Responses To The Valsalva Maneuver, Eric Benjamin Randall
Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference
No abstract provided.
Can Cone Signals In The Wild Be Predicted From The Past?,
2017
University of Manchester, UK
Can Cone Signals In The Wild Be Predicted From The Past?, David H. Foster, Iván Marín-Franch
MODVIS Workshop
In the natural world, the past is usually a good guide to the future. If light from the sun and sky is blue earlier in the day and yellow now, then it is likely to be more yellow later, as the sun's elevation decreases. But is the light reflected from a scene into the eye as predictable as the light incident upon the scene, especially when lighting changes are not just spectral but include changes in local shadows and mutual reflections? The aim of this work was to test the predictability of cone photoreceptor signals in the wild over ...
Invitro-Q: A High-Throughput Biosensor Used To Evaluate The Mechanism Of Phagocytosis Of Macrophages Using Different Particles,
2017
Invitrometrix
Invitro-Q: A High-Throughput Biosensor Used To Evaluate The Mechanism Of Phagocytosis Of Macrophages Using Different Particles, Marynawal Abdou, Abiche H. Dewilde
UMass Center for Clinical and Translational Science Research Retreat
The method of phagocytosis of a particle can provide information on how macrophages respond to a detected particle. The response elicited varies based on the nature of the particle and in turn changes which receptor-mediated phagocytosis is initiated. We have developed a multi-well cell-based sensor that can monitor real-time biological changes in living cells, such as mass redistribution, and viscoelasticity. This system provides unique kinetic information regarding the phenotypic change in the cells post treatment. As a proof of principle study, we evaluate macrophage phagocytosis using three different particles: latex beads, Zymosan A, and Staphylococcus aureus. These studies show the ...
Macrophages Are Necessary For Epimorphic Regeneration In African Spiny Mice,
2017
University of Kentucky
Macrophages Are Necessary For Epimorphic Regeneration In African Spiny Mice, Jennifer Simkin, Thomas R. Gawriluk, John C. Gensel, Ashley W. Seifert
Biology Faculty Publications
How the immune system affects tissue regeneration is not well understood. In this study, we used an emerging mammalian model of epimorphic regeneration, the African spiny mouse, to examine cell-based inflammation and tested the hypothesis that macrophages are necessary for regeneration. By directly comparing inflammatory cell activation in a 4 mm ear injury during regeneration (Acomys cahirinus) and scarring (Mus musculus), we found that both species exhibited an acute inflammatory response, with scarring characterized by stronger myeloperoxidase activity. In contrast, ROS production was stronger and more persistent during regeneration. By depleting macrophages during injury, we demonstrate a functional requirement for ...
Divergent Responses Of Larval And Juvenile Blue Mussels To Low Salinity Exposure,
2017
University of Maine
Divergent Responses Of Larval And Juvenile Blue Mussels To Low Salinity Exposure, Melissa A. May
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In this study, we compared the osmotic stress response of larval and juvenile blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) at the transcriptomic, metabolomic, and whole organism levels. Blue mussels inhabit coastal areas, where they face climate-induced reductions in nearshore salinity. Despite their ecological and economic importance, scientists do not fully understand the underlying transcriptomic and cellular mechanisms of the osmotic stress response in blue mussels or how the ability to respond to stress changes throughout development. Blue mussels spend the first weeks of life developing through several larval stages in the plankton. These early life history stages are more vulnerable to environmental ...
Bodybuilding Bumblebees: How Exercise Affects Bumblebee (Bombus Impatiens) Flight Muscle,
2017
University of Wyoming
Bodybuilding Bumblebees: How Exercise Affects Bumblebee (Bombus Impatiens) Flight Muscle, Kaylee R. Alles
Honors Theses AY 16/17
Insect flight muscle is the most metabolically active tissue known, allowing for production of the large forces necessary for flight. Flight ability varies among insects and with insect age, which is partially due to differences in muscle. However, very little work has examined whether and how insect muscle may respond to exercise. One key response may be a change in the amount of flight muscle relative to body mass ("flight muscle ratio", FMR), analogous to bulkier muscle in bodybuilders. We examined differences in FMR among bumblebee (Bombus impatiens) sisters differing in body size and in "training". We trained the bees ...
Changes In Running Economy, Respiratory Exchange Ratio And Vo2max In Runners Following A 10-Day Altitude Training Camp,
2017
Lakehead University
Changes In Running Economy, Respiratory Exchange Ratio And Vo2max In Runners Following A 10-Day Altitude Training Camp, Sebastian R. Diebel, Ian Newhouse, David S. Thompson, Vineet B.K. Johnson
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 10(4): 629-639, 2017. Running economy (RE) and VO2max are important predictors of endurance performance for elite and semi-elite endurance athletes, with RE being an appropriate predictor in a homogenous running population. Altitude training has been observed to change RE (mL.kg-1.min-1), and VO2max due to alterations resulting from acclimatization. This study tracked changes in RE and VO2max before and after a 10-day altitude training camp at 1828 meters. VO2max, RE expressed calorically, and respiratory exchange ratio (RER), were measured below anaerobic threshold (AT ...
