Physiology Commons^™

Differences Between Men And Women In Percentage Of Body Weight Supported During Push-Up Exercise, Constance M. Mier, Tal Amasay, Steven Capehart, Heather Garner

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 7(2) : 161-168, 2014. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of push-up method (standard vs modified) and gender on percentage of body weight supported. Thirty seven men and women completed five push-ups in the standard (SPU) and modified (MPU) positions, and 5-sec hold (static) in the up (elbow extension) and down (elbow flexion) positions. Vertical ground reaction forces (expressed as load relative to body weight) were measured using force platforms. From a video-captured image, a computer software distance tool measured vertical range of motion (ROM) achieved in the down position expressed ...

The Critical Power Concept And Bench Press: Modeling 1rm And Repetitions To Failure, R Hugh Morton, Matthew D. Redstone, Daniel J. Laing

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 7(2) : 152-160, 2014. Introduction: We demonstrate application of the 3-parameter critical power (CP) model derived for cycling and running, to performance at bench press exercise. We apply the model to both performance of a single repetition maximum (1RM) and multiple repetitions (reps) to failure at different sub-maximal weights. Methods: Sixteen weight-trained young adult male participants each performed a modified YMCA 1RM test and four sets of fixed cadence reps to failure at different sub-maximal weights. The CP model equation takes the form: n = ALC/(m – CL) + ALC/(CL – Lmax,), where n is the number ...

Racial Comparisons In Police Officer Bench Press Strength Over 12.5 Years, Robert W. Boyce, Tyler K. Willett, Glenn R. Jones, Edward L. Boone

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 7(2) : 140-151, 2014. Strength, when considering gender and race, provides a basis for training, hiring, and retention for police officers. The purpose of this study is to identify muscular strength differences among racial groups from initial-recruit to in-service tests. Strength variables included bench press, bench press/lean mass and bench press/body mass. Scores were retrieved for the 1990 to 1995 recruit classes and were paired to the 2006 in-service fitness log. Sample included 309 officers: 30 females (13 black, 17 white) and 279 males (41 black, 238 white). Mean age of recruit was ...

Unrestricted Paleolithic Diet Is Associated With Unfavorable Changes To Blood Lipids In Healthy Subjects, Michael Smith, Eric Trexler, Allan Sommer, Brooke Starkoff, Steven Devor

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 7(2) : 128-139, 2014. The Paleolithic (Paleo) diet is one modeled after the perceived food consumption of early human ancestors of the Paleolithic Era, consisting of mainly meat, fish, fruit, vegetables, eggs, and nuts. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a Paleo diet on blood lipids, including high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), non-HDL cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and the ratio between TC and HDL (TC/HDL) in a healthy population. Healthy subjects of both genders (24 males, 20 females) were asked to eat an ad libitum Paleo ...

Development Of A Prediction Equation For Vertical Power In Masters Level Basketball Athletes, Jordan M. Glenn, Jennifer Vincenzo, Michelle Gray, Ashley Binns

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 7(2) : 119-127, 2014. Performance factors such as power, agility, and speed are important in sport-based competition for older individuals. Prediction models that assess these factors in masters level competitors are limited. The purpose of this study was to examine physical field measures of agility and speed and their ability to predict vertical power (VP) among basketball masters athletes(MA). Thirty-eight competitive MA from a Midwest Senior Olympic basketball tournament performed vertical jump, 20-yard dash (20-D), 40-yard dash (40-D), and T-test (TT) assessments. Regression analysis revealed a significant relationship (p = .002) using TT and 20-D ...

Factors Associated With Diabetes Risk In South Texas College Students, Jordan W. Stack, Sara E. Mahoney, Christopher M. Hearon

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 7(2) : 110-118, 2014. South Texas has a high prevalence of diabetes and college students may be particularly at risk. While increased BMI, sedentary activity and depression have been associated with diabetes progression in the general population, it has not been established whether these factors contribute to increased diabetes risk in college students. The purpose of this study was to assess diabetes risk and determine whether depressive symptoms or physical activity patterns are associated with increased diabetes risk in college students. Sixty-nine college students were assessed for diabetes risk using the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score ...

The Role Of High School Physical Activity Experience In College Students’ Physical Activity Motivation, Joseph S. Madonia, Anne E. Cox, Melissa L. Zahl

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 7(2) : 98-109, 2014. This study tested the role of past physical activity mode in predicting physical activity motivation of first year college students. Consistent with self-determination theory, perceived competence and autonomy were expected to mediate the relationships of specific types of physical activity engaged in during high school to autonomous motivation for physical activity in college. College students (N = 124; M_age= 18.42, SD = 0.51) completed an online questionnaire that assessed frequency of engagement in different modes of physical activity during their final year of high school (i.e., competitive sport, recreational ...

The Effects Of Visual Color Stimuli On Zebra Finch Behavior And Stress Response, Bao Chau Ly

Georgia State Undergraduate Research Conference

No abstract provided.

L-Carnitine Supplementation: A Potential Treatment For Cancer Cachexia, Aaron Kwong, Obaidullah Khan, Katrina Fleming, Sina Moshiri, Muhammad Hashmi

The Meducator

Cachexia is a paraneoplastic syndrome that exhibits rampant muscle wasting, unintentional weight loss, fatigue, weakness, and overall loss of appetite, none of which can be abated by an increase in caloric intake. Metabolic derailment by cachexia is so severe in cancer patients that it can shorten lifetime expectancy and lead to death before the course of treatment is finished. Etiology may involve proinflammatory cytokines, but the abnormal loss of muscle, protein, and fat suggests an underlying metabolic dysfunction that contributes to cachexia. Previous research has shown reduction of L-carnitine in cachectic patients and chemotherapy-induced damage to the L-carnitine transport system ...

Determinants Of The Magnitude Of Training Mediated Muscle Hypertrophy, Cameron Mitchell

Open Access Dissertations and Theses

Chronic resistance training leads to muscle hypotrophy in a wide range of populations however most resistance training studies are relatively small in sample size

Three studies were conducted to better understand the sources of this variability. The first study employed a unilateral resistance training model to test the effects of relative training load and volume on the magnitude of hypertrophy and strength gains. This study showed that high relative training loads were no better than low training loads at inducing muscle hypertrophy provided that each set was performed to the point of muscular exhaustion. In agreement with previous finding, strength ...

Nickel Bioaccumulation As A Predictor Of Toxicity, Erin M. Leonard

Open Access Dissertations and Theses

Recently, the focus of metal toxicity has shifted from concentrations within the aqueous environment to bioaccumulation within the organism. In this regard, the Biotic Ligand Model (BLM) relates the binding of metal at specific toxic sites (“ligands”) to eventual toxicity, whereas the Tissue Residue Approach (TRA) relates metal burdens at whole body, tissue, or subcellular levels to eventual toxicity. However, much less is currently known regarding Ni in comparison to other metals. This thesis addresses this knowledge gap by evaluating the use of Ni bioaccumulation as a predictor of toxicity in a number of fish and invertebrate species; bioaccumulation endpoints ...

Impact Of Diet Induced Obesity On Mouse Skeletal Muscle Health: Metabolism, Growth And Regeneration., Karin E. Trajcevski

Open Access Dissertations and Theses

Prediabetes can lead to Type II Diabetes Mellitus, yet Prediabetes is a disease in its own right with its own physiological complications. Despite the pervasiveness of Prediabetes in our society and the negative impact on current and future health the extent of myopathy, short of muscle insulin resistance, and the mechanisms behind development of muscle insulin resistance remains unclear. Animal models of diet-induced obesity (DIO) have been employed to assess development of muscle insulin resistance and changes to muscle health. However there is a lack of clarity as to the molecular mechanisms leading to muscle insulin resistance. The goal of ...

Physiological Responses To A 60-Minute Zumba® Class In College Age Females, Jill Best Sampson, Rebecca Rogers, Kyle Biggerstaff, Dyanna Bullinger, David Nichols, Vic Ben Ezra

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Zumba® is a group exercise format that incorporates aerobic dance components and claims to be an appropriate physical activity to be included in an exercise prescription for improving cardiorespiratory fitness. The purpose of this study was to determine the energy expenditure and physiological effects of a 58.6 min Zumba® class and compare the average METs of the Zumba® class to the ACSM’s definition of vigorous activity of 6 METs. All participants (n=30) were volunteers from Zumba® classes at Texas Woman’s University. Participants attended three Zumba® classes to become familiar with the choreography. The Zumba® session where ...

Tattletales And T-Bow Update 20140313thur, George Mcnamara

George McNamara

George McNamara 20140313Thur

http://works.bepress.com/gmcnamara/42

Tattletales and T-Bow Update

Please see also http://works.bepress.com/gmcnamara/16

Tattletales: multiplex fluorescent protein biosensors by spatial localization with TALE-FPs, Cas9-FPs, ZF-FPs, LacI-FPs, TetR-FPs, etc.

T-Bow: Rainbow T-cells and Tumor cells (and ES cells, iPS cells, other cells and organisms). You can think of this as "Brainbow meets TALENs/Cas9/ZFNs/other DNA sequence specific binding proteins".

If not familiar with Brainbow, see

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brainbow

If not familiar with TALENs, Cas9, etc, see

http://www.addgene.org/genome_engineering/

Big idea: localizing fluorescent proteins - and ...

Fusobacterium Nucleatum Associates With Stages Of Colorectal Neoplasia Development, Colorectal Cancer And Disease Outcome., Lorna Flanagan, Jasmin Schmid, Matthias Ebert, Pavel Soucek, Tereza Kunicka, Vaclav Liska, Jan Bruha, Paul Neary, Nicki Dezeeuw, Massimo Tommasino, Mazda Jenab, Jochen Hm Prehn, David J. Hughes

Physiology and Medical Physics Articles

Commensal bacteria in the colon may play a role in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. Recent studies from North America showed that Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) infection is over-represented in disease tissue versus matched normal tissue in CRC patients. Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) of DNA extracted from colorectal tissue biopsies and surgical resections of three European cohorts totalling 122 CRC patients, we found an over-abundance of Fn in cancerous compared to matched normal tissue (p < 0.0001). To determine whether Fn infection is an early event in CRC development, we assayed Fn in colorectal adenoma (CRA) tissue from 52 Irish patients. While for all CRAs the Fn level was not statistically significantly higher in disease versus normal tissue (p = 0.06), it was significantly higher for high-grade dysplasia (p = 0.015). As a secondary objective, we determined that CRC patients with low Fn levels had a significantly longer overall survival time than patients with moderate and high levels of the bacterium (p = 0.008). The investigation of Fn as a potential non-invasive biomarker for CRC screening showed that, while Fn was more abundant in stool samples from CRC patients compared to adenomas or controls, the levels in stool did not correlate with cancer or adenoma tissue levels from the same individuals. This is the first study examining Fn in the colonic tissue and stool of European CRC and CRA patients, and suggests Fn as a novel risk factor for disease progression from adenoma to cancer, possibly affecting patient survival outcomes. Our results highlight the potential of Fn detection as a diagnostic and prognostic determinant in CRC patients.

Characterization Of The Visceral Endoderm Components In Early Post-Implantation Mouse Embryo Development: A Dissertation, Tingting Huang

GSBS Dissertations and Theses

Early post-implantation vertebrate embryos are shaped by complex cellular and molecular mechanisms. In mice, the visceral endoderm, an extraembryonic cell lineage that appears before gastrulation, provides several important functions such as nutrition and mechanical protection. My thesis research focused on the role of the visceral endoderm in embryo patterning, a newly discovered function for this tissue. My results showed that an interplay between two subpopulations of visceral endoderm the anterior and posterior visceral endoderm, located on the opposite sides of the developing conceptus, are critical for the establishment of the anteroposterior body axis of the embryo. I also found that ...

Selected Predictors Of Ankle And Hip Mobilty In Baseball Pitching Performance And Ball Velocity, Derek E. Howell

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

TACSM Abstract

Selected Predictors of Hip/Ankle Mobility for Baseball Pitching Performance and Ball Velocity

D.E. HOWELL and J.D. MILLER

Human Performance Lab, Department of Exercise of Sport Science, Oklahoma City University, Oklahoma City, OK

Category: Undergraduate

ABSTRACT

Hip and ankle mobility are important variables in ball velocity and pitching performance. Possible indices in hip mobility are passivehip internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER). A contributor of ankle mobility is passive ankle dorsi-flexion (PAD). This study examines the relationship of selected indices in hip and ankle mobility for collegiate baseball pitchers with the athlete’s respective coaches ...

Acute Vascular Effects Of Aquatic And Land Treadmill Exercise, Dustin Joubert, Peter Grandjean, Stephen Crouse

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Download PDF

A Comparison Of Heart Rate Slope Between High Fit And Recreational Fit Cyclists, Carpenter Wyatt, Megan Moats, Ashaunta Williams, Frank Wyatt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Download PDF

A Comparison Of Heart Rate Variability Between High Fit And Recreational Fit Cyclists, Megan Moats, Ashaunta Williams, Carpenter Wyatt, Frank Wyatt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Download PDF