Mechanical Engineering Commons^™

Experimental Study Of The Effect Of A Solid Wing Conveyor On Marine Debris Collection, Erik Sugianto, Jeng-Horng Chen

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

Marine debris is a global problem that has not been resolved. This has encouraged the emergence of marine debris cleaning technologies, one of which is a conveyor ship. However, how effective conveyors are in collecting waste has not been studied. In this paper, experimental research on conveyors as marine debris collectors is investigated. The capability of catamarans with or without solid wing conveyors to collect marine debris is explored. Three kinds of marine debris collection models are used: no-wing conveyor, a 12.5-cm-long wing conveyor, and an 18.75-cm-long wing conveyor. Artificial marine debris (AMD) is spread on the water surface in …

Solving Nonlinear Boundary Value Problems With Nonlinear Integral Boundary Conditions By Local And Nonlocal Boundary Shape Functions Methods, Chein-Shan Liu, Yung-Wei Chen, Jian-Hung Shen

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

The paper considers the second-order nonlinear boundary value problem (NBVP), which is equipped with nonlinear integral boundary conditions (BCs). Two novel iterative algorithms are developed to overcome the difficulty of NBVP with double nonlinearities involved. In the first iterative algorithm, two nonlocal shape functions incorporating the linear integral terms are derived, and a nonlocal boundary shape function (NBSF) is formulated to assist the solution. Let the solution be the NBSF so that the NBVP can be exactly transformed into an initial value problem. The new variable is a free function in the NBSF, and its initial values are given. For …

Platinum-Iridium Alloys In Jewelry, Nathen C. Christa, Seth Walker, Dylan Hallman

ME 4133/6133 Mechanical Metallurgy

One of the most widely used metals on the periodic table is Platinum (Pt). The name is derived from the Spanish Platina, meaning “silver.” This malleable, ductile material is widely used in applications due to its unique chemical properties. A couple of these unique properties include a high melting point and good resistance to corrosion or chemical attack. Platinum materials have alloys that are indispensable in the chemical laboratory for electrodes. This allows for material applications in crucibles and dishes to withstand elevated temperatures. Platinum is used primarily in catalytic converters in vehicles converting emissions from the vehicle’s engine into …

High-Carbon Steel In Additive Manufacturing, Chidi N. Agusiegbe, Devin Morton, Emmanuel Moore

ME 4133/6133 Mechanical Metallurgy

High-carbon steel can be processed through numerous methods. The method that will be focused on primarily is processing high-carbon steel through means of additive manufacturing. Additive manufacturing is the industrial production name for 3D printing, a computer-controlled process that creates three-dimensional objects by depositing materials, usually in layers. AM methods like wire laser additive manufacturing (WLAM) and electron beam melting (EBM) are all common methods for fabricating high carbon steel. The perks associated with these methods are that they improve some drawbacks of the natural properties of high-carbon steel. This paper discusses the uses of these additive manufacturing methods along …

Carbon-Al Interface Effect On The Performance Of Ionic Liquid-Based Supercapacitor At 3 V And 65 OC, Zhen-Zhen Ye, Shu-Ting Zhang, Xin-Qi Chen, Jin Wang, Ying Jin, Chao-Jie Cui, Lei Zhang, Lu-Ming Qian, Gang Zhang, Wei-Zhong Qian

Journal of Electrochemistry

Ionic liquid (IL) electrolyte-based supercapacitors (SCs) have advantages of high operating voltage window, high energy density and nonflammability, as compared to conventional acetonitrile-based organic electrolyte SCs, and are typically suitable for the large-scale energy storage in the era of carbon neutrality full of renewable, but unstable electricity. However, current efforts were concentrated on the study with coin-cell type of IL-SCs, and less has been reported on the pouch type of IL-SCs for a long cycling time yet. To fabricate a reliable SC for the life time test or for the accelerated aging test under high temperature, one should concern the …

High Carbon Steel In Additive Manufacturing, Emmanuel Moore Ii, Devin Morton, Chid Agusiegbe

ME 4133/6133 Mechanical Metallurgy

The first known use of carbon steel dates back to 500 A.D. when a blacksmith mistakenly used iron ore as a primary material for smithing. This material, as the name suggests, is made up of both carbon and iron. This material, as one of the most abundant at the time, was used most frequently in European and Asian countries. “Carbon steel first appeared around the year 500 AD in Damascus steel swords as well as Japanese swords. They were prized for their sharp edges and sturdiness compared to other weapons of the era. The composition of these swords was very …

Integration Of Hadfield Steel Into Modern Body Armor, Jason T. Fridlund

ME 4133/6133 Mechanical Metallurgy

The increased lethality of recently fielded projectiles mandates a proportional escalation in armor performance. Recent advancements in ceramic technologies have allowed designers to incorporate harder but more brittle materials into hard armor designs to defeat yet more capable penetrating projectiles. Ceramics suffer from the feature of shattering, however, even when impacted by threats below their design parameters. While this shattering mechanism is used effectively to dissipate energy from high-energy rifle projectiles, it is wasted on low-energy projectiles, and can result in easily damaged lifesaving gear, both of which are undesirable in combat. In contrast, steel body armor has been used …

High Carbon Steel In Additive Manufacturing, Chidi Agusiegbe, Devin Morton, Emmanuel Moore

ME 4133/6133 Mechanical Metallurgy

Infographic demonstrating the composition, and use of high carbon steels as well as the process of the material in additive manufacturing.

Commercial Airliner Winglet Design Optimization – A Case Study, Anthony Gutierrez

Symposium of Student Scholars

The objective of this research is to determine the effect on aerodynamic performance due to changes of winglets design variables found of the Boeing 737-700 aircraft. The various winglet types studied in this research include the blended, canted, wingtip fence and split scimitar. The variables include height, sweep angle, taper ratio, and the inclination angle. These variables are altered in 5% increments from -15% to +15% of their original baseline values. Each altered winglet design only changes one variable at a time while keeping all other variables constant. The altered models are compared to the original by finding the aerodynamic …

Nanocomposites For Applications In Ultracapacitors Based Energy Storage Systems, Duy Pham, Jake Ivirn, Jacob Dileonardi, Ben Mckinney, Ashish Aphale

Symposium of Student Scholars

Electrochemical capacitors also known as ultracapacitor is a potential technology for modern energy storage due to their high performance of charge capacity and fast charge-discharge rates. The superior performance of ultracapacitors will help to meet demands for energy systems in applications such as transportation. Ultracapacitor device consists of electrodes, a polymeric separator, and an electrolyte. Under the applied voltage, the migration of ions between two porous electrodes from the bulk of the electrolyte governs the performance of such devices. In this work, we present experimental research on the synthesis of different electrode materials using atomically thick graphene and conducting polymers. …

Unmanned Aerial System Design For Civil Engineering Operations – A Vip Study, Ezra Robles, Harrison Vicknair, Derek Price, Logan Westra, George Pitcock, Joshua Diamond, Bhuvan Saraswat, Jeremiah Prayor, Fon Saliki

Symposium of Student Scholars

Unmanned Aerial System Design for Civil Engineering Operations – A Case Study

The objective of the project is to design and build a modular Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) that meets the specifications set forth by United Consulting – a local civil engineering company. These specifications are achieved through three unique missions. In each mission, data is collected using different methods. These missions include land surveying, bridge structure inspection and manhole probing. The key requirements of the drone are to maintain a minimum flight time of 30 minutes and the ability to receive and transmit telemetry, photographic and video data from …

Development Of Electrochemical Sensors For The Detection Of Trace Contaminants, Quang Lam, Ashish Aphale, Duy Pham

Symposium of Student Scholars

Several industrial processes, such as stainless steel fabrication and textiles, produce heavy metal byproducts such as chromium. These heavy metals have detrimental effects on the surrounding environments and humans. Recently, electrochemical-driven sensors have been studied and show great potential in miniaturization while still providing measurements at a low cost. In addition, atomically thin allotropes of carbon, graphene, and graphene oxide have shown remarkable results in producing a highly responsive and selective sensor platform. These results are due to their excellent electrical conductivity, high surface area for utility, and physicochemical stability. The existing challenge for electrochemical-driven sensors is understanding the molecular …

Impacts Of Thermally Conductive Coating On Super Coiled Polymers, Lakshay Battu, Siddharth I Sanghav, Mitchell Karwisch, Brandon Yang, Charles Brubaker

Symposium of Student Scholars

In this research, we created supercoiled polymer with a nylon fishing line, conductive thread, silver paste, graphite, and graphene. The silver paste was used for conductive properties on crimping joints to allow electrical connections. Graphite and graphene help stimulate heat dissipation, resulting in quicker muscle motion, contraction, and elongation. Supercoiled polymer (polymer coil) actuators have many uses and are inexpensive compared to other actuators as they can be made of cheap materials such as sewing threads and fishing lines. Compared with recent actuators consist of memory shape alloys for their unique crystal structure, however they are expensive to produce, and …

Sae 8620 Pspp Map - Infographic, John F. Mitchener

ME 4133/6133 Mechanical Metallurgy

This infographic summarizes a Processing-Structure-Property-Performance (PSPP) Map for SAE 8620 alloy steel, with an emphasis on the gas carburization process. This PSPP map allows researchers and material scientists to better understand the processes that drive the microstructures, material properties, and ultimate performance parameters.

Automatic Location And Semantic Labeling Of Landmarks On 3d Human Body Models, Shan Luo, Qitong Zhang, Jieqing Feng

Computational Visual Media

Landmarks on human body models are of great significance for applications such as digital anthropometry and clothing design. The diversity of pose and shape of human body models and the semantic gap make landmarking a challenging problem. Inthis paper, a learning-based method is proposed to locate landmarks on human body models by analyzing the relationship between geometric descriptors and semantic labels of landmarks. A shape alignmentalgorithm is proposed to align human body models to break symmetric ambiguity. A symmetry-awaredescriptor is proposed based on the structure of the human body models, which is robust to both pose and shape variations in …

Light Field Salient Object Detection: A Review And Benchmark, Keren Fu, Yao Jiang, Ge-Peng Ji, Tao Zhou, Qijun Zhao, Deng-Ping Fan

Computational Visual Media

Salient object detection (SOD) is a long-standing research topic in computer vision with increasing interest in the past decade. Since light fields record comprehensive information of natural scenes that benefit SOD in a number of ways, using light field inputs to improve saliency detection over conventional RGB inputs is an emerging trend. This paper provides the first comprehensive review and a benchmark for light field SOD, which has long been lacking in the saliency community. Firstly, we introduce light fields, including theory and data forms, and then review existing studies on light field SOD, covering ten traditional models, seven deep …

Blnet: Bidirectional Learning Network For Point Clouds, Wenkai Han, Hai Wu, Chenglu Wen, Cheng Wang, Xin Li

Computational Visual Media

The key challenge in processing point clouds lies in the inherent lack of ordering and irregularity of the 3D points. By relying on per-point multi-layer perceptions (MLPs), most existing point-based approaches only address the first issue yet ignore the second one. Directly convolving kernels with irregular points will result in loss of shape information. This paper introduces a novel point-based bidirectional learning network (BLNet) to analyze irregular 3D points. BLNet optimizes the learning of 3D points through two iterative operations: feature-guided point shifting and feature learning from shifted points, so as to minimise intra-class variances, leading to a more regular …

Constructing Self-Supporting Surfaces With Planar Quadrilateral Elements, Long Ma, Sidan Yao, Jianmin Zheng, Yang Liu, Yuanfeng Zhou, Shi-Qing Xin, Ying He

Computational Visual Media

We present a simple yet effective method for constructing 3D self-supporting surfaces with planar quadrilateral (PQ) elements. Starting with a triangular discretization of a self-supporting surface, we firstcompute the principal curvatures and directions of each triangular face using a new discrete differential geometryapproach, yielding more accurate results than existing methods. Then, we smooth the principal direction field to reduce the number of singularities. Next, we partition all faces into two groups in terms of principalcurvature difference. For each face with small curvature difference, we compute a stretch matrix that turns the principal directions into a pair of conjugate directions. For …

Joint Self-Supervised And Reference-Guided Learning For Depth Inpainting, Heng Wu, Kui Fu, Yifan Zhao, Haokun Song, Jia Li

Computational Visual Media

Depth information can benefit various computer vision tasks on both images and videos. However, depth maps may suffer from invalid values in many pixels, and also large holes. To improve such data, we propose a joint self-supervised and reference-guided learning approach for depth inpainting. For the self-supervised learning strategy, we introduce an improved spatial convolutional sparse coding module in which total variation regularization is employed to enhance the structural information while preserving edge information. This module alternately learns a convolutional dictionary and sparse coding from a corrupted depth map. Then, both the learned convolutional dictionary and sparse coding are convolved …

Recent Advances In Glinty Appearance Rendering, Junqiu Zhu, Sizhe Zhao, Yanning Xu, Xiangxu Meng, Lu Wang, Ling-Qi Yan

Computational Visual Media

The interaction between light and materials is key to physically-based realistic rendering. However, it is also complex to analyze, especially when the materials contain a large number of details and thus exhibit "glinty" visual effects. Recent methods of producing glinty appearance are expected to be important in next-generation computer graphics. We provide here a comprehensive survey on recent glinty appearance rendering. We start with a definition of glinty appearance based on microfacet theory, and then summarize research works in terms of representation and practical rendering. We have implemented typical methods using our unified platform and compare them in terms of …