Personality Differences Between College Students With And Without Siblings,
2021
Chapman University
Personality Differences Between College Students With And Without Siblings, Lindsay Hammerle
Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters
The purpose of the current study was to determine the personality differences between college students with siblings and college students without siblings in regard to the Big 5 traits of extraversion, neuroticism, and conscientiousness. Additionally, the research aimed to examine whether college students with siblings engage in higher amounts of social comparison than college students without siblings. It was hypothesized that the group with siblings would score higher in extraversion and social comparison engagement, while the group without siblings would score higher in neuroticism and conscientiousness. The Big Five Inventory (BFI) and Social Comparison Scale were used to measure the …
Cultural Influences On Exercise Type And Body Confidence In Women,
2021
Chapman University
Cultural Influences On Exercise Type And Body Confidence In Women, Skye Sakashita, Desiree Crevecoeur-Macphail
Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters
This study examined cultural influences on exercise habits and body confidence in women, specifically between ethnic minority and white women. Past research has indicated that Asian women often feel more cultural pressure than their White counterparts. This study wanted to examine further and see if an individual’s parent being an immigrant differs in amount of cultural pressure. Another aspect that this survey examined is motivation for exercise. Past research found that women who felt greater dissatisfaction with their physical appearance were more likely to list factors such as appearance or weight as their reasoning for exercise rather than for health …
Developmental Dyslexia And Creativity: A Meta-Analysis,
2021
Singapore Management University
Developmental Dyslexia And Creativity: A Meta-Analysis, Nadyannam M. Majeed, Andree Hartanto, Jacinth J. X. Tan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Despite difficulties in reading and writing, some research suggests that dyslexia may be related to higher levels of creativity. However, this pattern is not consistently observed. The current research sought to ascertain whether individuals with clinically diagnosed dyslexia exhibit higher creativity than controls through a meta-analysis. Fourteen studies that assessed the creativity of 397 individuals with clinically diagnosed dyslexia and 453 controls were reviewed. Random-effects meta-analysis revealed an overall non-significant difference in creativity scores between those with dyslexia and controls. Additionally, method factors such as the type of creativity task and whether intelligence was controlled for, as well as sample-related …
The Effects Of Sexual Surrogacy On Satisfaction, Happiness, And Well-Being,
2021
The University of Southern Mississippi
The Effects Of Sexual Surrogacy On Satisfaction, Happiness, And Well-Being, Ryan Liu-Pham
Master's Theses
The study tested the effects of sexual surrogacy, which I define as the desire to fulfill sexual needs with a surrogate target (e.g., celebrity crushes), on sexual satisfaction, relationship, happiness, and well-being. To examine this topic, I conducted a cross-sectional experimental study. After being asked about sexual desire toward either their current partner or a celebrity crush with a sexual desire behavior inventory, participants were asked to answer questions about their sexual satisfaction, relationship satisfaction, happiness, and well-being. I predicted that desire toward both surrogates and interpersonal targets will predict higher levels of sexual satisfaction, happiness, and well-being but that …
Freedom, Covid-19, And Resistance To Public Health Orders,
2021
Dominican University of California
Freedom, Covid-19, And Resistance To Public Health Orders, Benjamin Rosenberg
Psychology | Faculty Scholarship
As we look back on one year since the first Covid-19 lockdowns went into effect in the United States, several truths about this ever-changing virus have emerged. For one, well-fitting, multi-layered face masks significantly reduce people’s likelihood of spreading or catching Covid-19 (e.g., Leung et al., 2020), and the vaccines similarly reduce the risk of spread and infection (Thompson et al., 2021). Second, things that were, at best, at the outskirts of people’s attention have become commonplace over the past year: hand sanitizer, social distancing, mask wearing, vaccinations. The related third truth is that over the past year, most Americans …
Assessing Rat Behavioral Response To Novelty,
2021
University of Connecticut
Assessing Rat Behavioral Response To Novelty, Neha Mathew
Honors Scholar Theses
The hippocampus is the part of the brain that is involved in memory and navigation. Neurons in the hippocampus, known as place cells, fire in specific locations within this region of the brain as the subject navigates through their environment. As these cells fire, they create a map-like representation of this environment. However if the environment is altered in any way, the place cell firing pattern is adjusted to incorporate this new information. This adjustment will inevitably cause subjects to take more time to complete their task. The goal of our testing was to assess how various manipulations, both spatial …
A Participatory Action Research Study Of Police Interviewing Following Crisis Intervention Team Training,
2021
University of the Incarnate Word
A Participatory Action Research Study Of Police Interviewing Following Crisis Intervention Team Training, Maria Felix-Ortiz, Catherine Steele, Marisa Deguzman, Georgen Guerrero, Melissa Graham
Verbum Incarnatum: An Academic Journal of Social Justice
Estimates vary, but a third to one half of individuals shot and killed by police have a mental illness or disability, and many who are taken into custody languish in county jails where no treatment for their illness is available. The Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) model is an increasingly important adjunct to U.S. police training because it de-escalates tense situations, diverts people with mental illness away from jail and into treatment, and can reduce the risk of civilian deaths during a police encounter. As such, it is a strategy for reducing the social injustice of incarceration or deaths of people …
Want To Change Perspectives On Social Justice? Academic Courses And Social Movements Matter,
2021
West Chester University of Pennsylvania
Want To Change Perspectives On Social Justice? Academic Courses And Social Movements Matter, Benjamin Wolfe, Kenia Tumbiolo, Keriann Mosley, Sam Miller
Psychology Student Work
Background: Ending systemic racism and other interrelated forms of oppression depends on institutional change, as well as changing individuals’ hearts and minds. The present study examines first the impact of a course focusing on social justice and second the impact of 2020, with the COVID-19 pandemic, a critical stage of the Black Lives Matter Movement, and increasing awareness of racism and classism. Method: Participants were 139 WCU students (87% female identified, 36% BIPOC): 101 were enrolled in 2017-2019, and 38 in 2020. Measures included the White Privileges Attitudes Scale (Pinterits, Poteat, & Spanierman, 2009) in its original form as well …
Social Media Usage And Self-Esteem Of College Students In Los Angeles Vs. Other American Cities,
2021
Pepperdine University
Social Media Usage And Self-Esteem Of College Students In Los Angeles Vs. Other American Cities, Emily Tortora
Global Tides
This study examines self-esteem levels of college students in accordance with their social media behaviors and residential cities. An online survey was used to compare Instagram behaviors and their Heatherton Self-Esteem scores between 51 college students from the Los Angeles area and 148 students from alternate American cities. It was hypothesized that college students from the Los Angeles area would report higher levels of social media activity and lower levels of self-esteem. Results did not show any significant trend in one’s residential location dictating social media behaviors, nor did one’s social media usage predict their levels of self-esteem. The study …
Understanding Black Experiences And Access Barriers In The Expressive Arts Activities And Therapies,
2021
Clark University
Understanding Black Experiences And Access Barriers In The Expressive Arts Activities And Therapies, Jadea Harris, Ana K. Marcelo
Psychology
Black individuals in America experience racism, discrimination, and microaggressions that can affect their mental and physical health. (Alvarez, Liang, & Neville, 2016). Unfortunately, Black individuals typically do not seek out mental health treatment because of mistrust, stigma, misdiagnosis, and lack of culturally sensitive approaches to treatment (NAMI, 2002). One way to encourage Black individuals to seek mental health support and to provide more support could be through expressive arts. Expressive outlets may act as a protective barrier against adverse experiences and serve as an opportunity to bring healing amongst uncomfortable feelings of racial trauma and more. Historical and empirical evidence …
The Language Of Pandemic Leaderships: Mapping Political Rhetoric During The Covid-19 Outbreak,
2021
Ateneo de Manila University
The Language Of Pandemic Leaderships: Mapping Political Rhetoric During The Covid-19 Outbreak, Cristina J. Montiel, Joshua Uyheng, Erwine Dela Paz
Psychology Department Faculty Publications
This paper maps political rhetoric by national leaders during the COVID-19 pandemic. We identify and characterize global variations in major rhetorical storylines invoked in publicly available speeches (N = 1201) across a sample of 26 countries. Employing a text analytics or corpus linguistics approach, we show that state heads rhetorically lead their nations by: enforcing systemic interventions, upholding global unity, encouraging communal cooperation, stoking national fervor, and assuring responsive governance. Principal component analysis further shows that country-level rhetoric is organized along emergent dimensions of cultural cognition: an agency-structure axis to define the loci of pandemic interventions, and a hierarchy-egalitarianism axis …
The Mode Less Traveled: Exploring Bicyclist Identity In Portland, Or,
2021
Portland State University
The Mode Less Traveled: Exploring Bicyclist Identity In Portland, Or, Christopher Johnson
Dissertations and Theses
This study explores bicyclist as a social identity in Portland, OR and a relatively under researched topic in the existing literature about transportation mode choice. The results indicate that bicyclists in Portland do have an understanding of what it means to be a bicyclist and particularly the normative behaviors associated with that social identity. Results also indicate that barriers to entry into this social group are quite low but the path to becoming someone who regularly chooses bicycling as a mode of transportation is not straightforward and is fraught with barriers that could easily discourage new group members. Bicyclists in …
Moving Morality Beyond The In-Group: Liberals And Conservatives Show Differences On Group-Framed Moral Foundations And These Differences Mediate The Relationships To Perceived Bias And Threat.,
2021
University of Southern Maine
Moving Morality Beyond The In-Group: Liberals And Conservatives Show Differences On Group-Framed Moral Foundations And These Differences Mediate The Relationships To Perceived Bias And Threat., Brandon D. Stewart Phd, David S. M. Morris
Faculty Publications
Moral foundations research suggests that liberals care about moral values related to individual rights such as harm and fairness, while conservatives care about those foundations in addition to caring more about group rights such as loyalty, authority, and purity. However, the question remains about how conservatives and liberals differ in relation to group-level moral principles. We used two versions of the moral foundations questionnaire with the target group being either abstract or specific ingroups or outgroups. Across three studies, we observed that liberals showed more endorsement of Individualizing foundations (Harm and Fairness foundations) with an outgroup target, while conservatives showed …
Social Responses To Media Technologies In The 21st Century: The Media Are Social Actors Paradigm,
2021
Temple University
Social Responses To Media Technologies In The 21st Century: The Media Are Social Actors Paradigm, Matthew Lombard, Kun Xu
Human-Machine Communication
Clifford Nass and his colleagues proposed the Computers Are Social Actors (CASA) paradigm in the 1990s and demonstrated that we treat computers in some of the ways we treat humans. To account for technological advances and to refine explanations for CASA results, this paper proposes the Media Are Social Actors (MASA) paradigm. We begin by distinguishing the roles of primary and secondary cues in evoking medium-as-social-actor presence and social responses. We then discuss the roles of individual differences and contextual factors in these responses and identify mindless and mindful anthropomorphism as two major complementary mechanisms for understanding MASA phenomena. Based …
College Students' Anxiety Levels And Perceived Experience Of The Spotlight Effect,
2021
Southern Adventist University
College Students' Anxiety Levels And Perceived Experience Of The Spotlight Effect, Bianca Gomez
Campus Research Month
This presentation will go over recent research that was performed on Southern Adventist University’s campus. In this presentation, we will discuss how the spotlight effect can make a negative impact on college students, such as increased anxiety levels. The spotlight effect is best defined as a belief when one overestimates the amount of attention she or he is receiving from peers. When one believes to be viewed in a negative way, it can ultimately make a negative impact on mental health. The purpose of this study is to provide an opportunity to become more educated on social psychology, and overall …
Perceived Stigma Among Family Members Of Persons Suffering From Mental Illness: A Narrative Exploration From West Bengal, India,
2021
Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences Pilani, Goa Campus, India
Perceived Stigma Among Family Members Of Persons Suffering From Mental Illness: A Narrative Exploration From West Bengal, India, Bidisha Banerjee, Shikha Dixit
The Qualitative Report
In this paper, we report the findings of a qualitative study that, aims to understand the family members’ subjective experiences with perceived stigma of mental illness. The theoretical standpoint and the research method for the study employed are social constructivist theory and narrative inquiry respectively. We conducted semi-structured and in-depth interviews with family members and others accompanying patients to an outpatient unit of a psychiatric clinic. The professionals and the administrative staff at the clinic gave additional interviews. The constant comparative method was employed for the analysis of the narratives. The findings suggest the existence of perceived and direct stigma …
*Socioeconomic Status And Ethnicity: How Does It Affect Civic Engagement?,
2021
Southern Adventist University
*Socioeconomic Status And Ethnicity: How Does It Affect Civic Engagement?, Jonathan R. Pinero
Campus Research Month
This presentation will cover the someone's civic engagement (voting, community outreach, etc.) and how it is effected by their socioeconomic status and ethnicity.
*The Impact Of Political Beliefs On Ethical Positions In Adults,
2021
Southern Adventist University
*The Impact Of Political Beliefs On Ethical Positions In Adults, Kiana Oliver
Campus Research Month
The purpose of this research study is to examine the differences between major political philosophies in the United States and how these beliefs influence ethical frameworks. A limitation found in the studies included the generalizability of the participants. The current research (Brandt et al., 2014; Everett, 2013; Graham et al., 2011; Haidt, 2012; Iyer et al., 2012; Thórisdóttir & Jost, 2011) selected adult participants but did not consider variations amongst younger generations. This research study could benefit people who are interested in American politics and ethical positions.
College Students' Anxiety Levels And Perceived Experience Of The Spotlight Effect,
2021
Southern Adventist University
College Students' Anxiety Levels And Perceived Experience Of The Spotlight Effect, Bianca Gomez
Campus Research Month
This presentation will go over recent research that was performed on Southern Adventist University’s campus. In this presentation, we will discuss how the spotlight effect can make a negative impact on college students, such as increased anxiety levels. The spotlight effect is best defined as a belief when one overestimates the amount of attention she or he is receiving from peers. When one believes to be viewed in a negative way, it can ultimately make a negative impact on mental health. The purpose of this study is to provide an opportunity to become more educated on social psychology, and overall …
Challenging The Empirical Utility Of The Color-Blind Racial Attitudes Scale: Revisiting Factor Structure Across Race/Ethnicity And Gender Through Measurement Invariance,
2021
University of New Mexico
Challenging The Empirical Utility Of The Color-Blind Racial Attitudes Scale: Revisiting Factor Structure Across Race/Ethnicity And Gender Through Measurement Invariance, Alexandra Hernandez-Vallant
Psychology ETDs
The Color-Blind Racial Attitudes Scale (CoBRAS) is the most commonly used scale to measure domains of color-blind racial ideology (CBRI). CBRI broadly refers to the denial of racism on individual and societal levels. The factor structure of CoBRAS has yet to be rigorously tested to confirm the replicability of the factor structure and demonstrate measurement invariance across multiple groups. This study examined the factor structure, internal consistency reliability, and measurement invariance of the CoBRAS across race/ethnicity and gender in 911 diverse college students. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and measurement invariance of the CoBRAS were tested across race/ethnicity (Black, Latinx, and …
