Quality Of Growth And Poverty In Low Income Countries: The Role Of Manufacturing,
2023
University of the Philippines
Quality Of Growth And Poverty In Low Income Countries: The Role Of Manufacturing, Raul V. Fabella, Sarah Lynne S. Daway-Ducanes, Geoffrey Ducanes
Economics Department Faculty Publications
Both the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) which ended in 2015, and its replacement the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations which will end in 2030, target the eradication of poverty. The 2020 Covid pandemic has seriously worsened poverty incidence in many low income countries, and recovering lost ground is paramount. As low income economies try to establish a new normal, they need to aim not only for higher overall economic growth but also for a higher quality of economic growth for improved inclusion outcome. Higher quality means more inclusion per unit growth. We discuss how for the same …
Revisiting The Exchange Rate Pass- Through To Domestic Prices In Egypt,
2023
American University in Cairo
Revisiting The Exchange Rate Pass- Through To Domestic Prices In Egypt, Ahmed Abdelhamid
Theses and Dissertations
Exchange rate pass-through (ERPT) refers to the extent to which the movements in the exchange rate influence domestic prices. This study revisits the exchange rate pass-through in Egypt using quarter data from 2006 to 2022. The study employs a Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) model to estimate the degree of ERPT. The findings suggest that ERPT in Egypt is incomplete, meaning that changes in the exchange rate do not fully pass through to consumer prices. The study also investigates the role of the money supply in absorbing the shocks in the nominal exchange rate. The study has important implications for policymakers …
The Economic Analysis Of Conflicts And Peace In Autocratic And Democratic Regimes In Africa,
2023
Western Connecticut State University
The Economic Analysis Of Conflicts And Peace In Autocratic And Democratic Regimes In Africa, Oluwole Owoye
Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies
This paper uses conceptual economics to explain how conflicts and peacebuilding are linked to economic growth/development in Africa. Both conflicts and peace have contagion effects in many countries worldwide, and in some cases, conflicts have morphed into regional and international problems. Conceptually, the monotonicity of conflicts and peace functions are invariant with respect to autocratic and democratic forms of governance in Africa. One of the main assertions of this study is that whether or not we have stable autocratic and/or democratic forms of governance, protracted conflicts have negative impact on sustainable economic growth in Africa. In addition, we found that …
Dollarization In Latin America: The Effect On Macroeconomic Outcomes In El Salvador And Ecuador,
2023
Dartmouth College
Dollarization In Latin America: The Effect On Macroeconomic Outcomes In El Salvador And Ecuador, John Stephen Petrich
Quantitative Social Science Undergraduate Senior Theses
This paper examines full dollarization in Latin America and the experience of El Salvador, Panama and Ecuador using the U.S. Dollar as their sole currency. This is accomplished by comparing key macroeconomic indicators in these countries to both their pre-dollarization experience and a control group of the largest economies in the region from 1986 to 2019. Special attention is paid to the comparison between El Salvador which fully dollarized and Guatemala which partially dollarized in 2001. A gravity model using a difference in differences analysis found no significant increase in bilateral trade with the United States relative to the control …
The Economic Surplus, The Baran Ratio, And Long Wave Cycles,
2023
University of Louisville
The Economic Surplus, The Baran Ratio, And Long Wave Cycles, Thomas E. Lambert
Faculty and Staff Scholarship
This paper briefly outlines the idea and development of the economic surplus concept at the macroeconomic level as opposed to the one in microeconomics often labeled as a Marshallian surplus. Of special interest and focus is the concept as developed and used by heterodox economists. The notion of a residual amount of output or income over and above what is necessary for a society’s consumption (education, housing, food, clothing, health care, transportation, and other necessities of life) that can be used either for further consumption by an elite class, used for reinvestment in productive activities, and/or wasted on unproductive efforts …
The Macrodynamics Of Indian Rupee Swap Yields,
2023
Citibank
The Macrodynamics Of Indian Rupee Swap Yields, Tanweer Akram, Khawaja Mamun
WCBT Working Papers
This paper econometrically models the dynamics of Indian rupee (INR) swap yields based on key macroeconomic factors using the autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL) approach. It examines whether the short-term interest rate has a decisive influence on long-term INR swap yields after controlling for other factors, such as core inflation, the growth of industrial production, the logarithm of the equity price index, and the logarithm of the INR exchange rate. The estimated models show that the short-term interest rate has an important influence on the swap yields. This implies that the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) can sway borrowing and lending …
Modelling The Impact Of Government Expenditure On Economic Growth In Nigeria: The Moderating Effects Of Oil And Non-Oil Revenue,
2023
Benue State University, Makurdi
Modelling The Impact Of Government Expenditure On Economic Growth In Nigeria: The Moderating Effects Of Oil And Non-Oil Revenue, Victor U. Ijirshar, Gaius M. Asombo, Florence D. Bundepuun, Ashifa Tersugh, Ayila Ngutsav
CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)
This study examines the relationship between government expenditure and economic growth and assesses the moderating effects of oil revenue and non-oil revenue in Nigeria from 1981 to 2021. The study uncovered short-term asymmetry in the government expenditure-economic growth nexus while the long-term relationship was symmetric. The study found that government expenditure is a significant determinant of economic growth in Nigeria and that oil and non-oil revenue influences the nexus between government expenditure and economic growth in Nigeria positively. The study recommends efficient management of oil revenue, directing investments during high revenue periods and ensuring fiscal sustainability. Government should also establish …
Improving The Efficiency Of Exponential Ratio-Type Estimator For Population Median: A Calibration Weight Adjustment Approach,
2023
Department of Statistics, Akwa Ibom State University, Nigeria.
Improving The Efficiency Of Exponential Ratio-Type Estimator For Population Median: A Calibration Weight Adjustment Approach, Mathew J. Iseh, Kufre J. Bassey
CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)
This paper modifies the Bahl and Tuteja exponential ratio-type estimator for population median under simple random and stratified sampling schemes using calibration weight adjustment technique with supplementary information to vary the stratum weights. The bias and mean square error of the modified estimator were obtained up to the second-order approximation, which satisfies the necessary conditions for efficiency. The findings show that the new estimator surpasses existing estimators in efficiency gain. This suggests the appropriateness of calibration weight modification in boosting the efficiency of a population parameter estimator under stratified random sampling especially where the population parameter of the auxiliary variable …
Energy And Economic Growth Nexus: A Long-Run Relationship In Indonesia,
2023
Department of Business Economics, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya
Energy And Economic Growth Nexus: A Long-Run Relationship In Indonesia, Kelvan Darrian, Patricia Scholastica, Yohanes B. Kadarusman, Dandy Rafitrandi
Economics and Finance in Indonesia
Energy plays an important role in economic growth in which it affects total factor productivity (TFP). Energy conservation efforts to address global climate change may adversely affect economic growth, particularly in the long run. This study analyses the short- and long-run relationship between energy consumption (both non-renewable (NREC) and renewable (REC)) and economic growth in Indonesia within the period of 1985 to 2019. Using the vector-error correction model (VECM), the paper discovered a short-run unidirectional causality from NREC and REC to economic growth. Economic growth in Indonesia is dependent on energy consumption. The finding proves the growth hypothesis in the …
Sociodemographic Effects On Financial Inclusion: Implications From Online Transaction In Developing-8 Countries,
2023
Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
Sociodemographic Effects On Financial Inclusion: Implications From Online Transaction In Developing-8 Countries, Dyah Titis Kusuma Wardani, Navi'ah Khusniati, Susilo Nur Aji Cokro Darsono
Economics and Finance in Indonesia
The world has reached the industry 4.0, where technological developments have been widely applied to electronic payment, with no exception on Muslim countries. This study aims to investigate association between sociodemographic and financial inclusion in country D-8 in the probability of using online financial transactions. Using The Global Findex 2017 from D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation included in OIC countries and the logistic regression, this study explores the effect of sociodemographic namely gender, education, income status and working status on online financial transactions users. Using control variables such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Inflation and Exchange reta, results show that, …
A Mathematical Approach To The Money Multiplier Analysis On Indonesian 1997–1998 Monetary Crisis,
2023
Climate Policy Initiative
A Mathematical Approach To The Money Multiplier Analysis On Indonesian 1997–1998 Monetary Crisis, Albertus Prabu Siagian
Economics and Finance in Indonesia
In crisis moments, massive liquidity supports, extensive cash withdrawal, and large reserve hoarding can all lead to the change in monetary base, currency ratio, and reserve ratio respectively. In turn, all these disruptions could cause money supply to change. This research aims to find out which factor (among the change in monetary base, currency ratio, and reserve ratio) became the main causal factor of increasing money supply in Indonesia during 1997–1998 crisis. The method follows mathematical equation models used by Friedman & Schwartz (1963) and Stauffer (2006) in analyzing Great Depression in the US. This research has found that the …
County-Level Unemployment Dynamics Following The Covid Recession: The Effects Of Ppp Loan Take Up,
2023
University of Mississippi
County-Level Unemployment Dynamics Following The Covid Recession: The Effects Of Ppp Loan Take Up, Preston Antes
Honors Theses
The COVID-19 pandemic caused a nationwide shutdown, dragging the US into a recession. To combat the effects of the pandemic on the economy, Congress created the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) with the focus of preserving jobs and providing liquidity to small businesses. PPP created low-interest, forgivable business loans with forgiveness tied to a few benchmarks, providing a de facto cash transfer to small businesses. Did PPP preserve jobs? When examining Mississippi, this paper shows that counties with high cyclical unemployment participated more intensely in the program. Furthermore, the research shows that as loan totals grew within a county, local labor …
Chinese Political Rhetoric And Ideology: Tension And Pretension,
2023
University of Mississippi
Chinese Political Rhetoric And Ideology: Tension And Pretension, Israel Paredes
Honors Theses
This changing nature of the Chinese government’s ideology leads one to believe that its core beliefs are not dogmatic, despite the foundation for their ideology being rooted in specific societal and economic theories. Starting with Mao Zedong to modern day, the Chinese government officials will continue to support the original tenets (and, no doubt, future presidents’ additions to the tenets). However, the interpretation of their ideology over time is fluid and is used to support policies and actions during a political cycle. Chinese political leaders are unlikely to disagree with a past leaders, and will rather use their own interpretation …
Bitcoin Price Dynamics: A Multiple Regression Analysis Of Market Variables,
2023
Eastern Washington University
Bitcoin Price Dynamics: A Multiple Regression Analysis Of Market Variables, Zachary S. Biedscheid
2023 Symposium
Bitcoin, a decentralized digital currency (property), has gained significant attention recently as a potential alternative to traditional financial systems. This research project aims to explore the market variables of Bitcoin by conducting a multiple regression analysis. The literature review highlights market dynamics and the impact of Bitcoin in economics and finance, specifically in banking and monetary systems. It explores Bitcoin's decentralized nature and limited supply as a more secure and stable form of money, contrasting it with the flaws and inefficiencies of centralized banking systems. The dataset provides information on the Bitcoin market from July 23, 2010, to April 16, …
Breaking The Promise: The Burden Of Unfunded Liabilities On Future Generations,
2023
Liberty University
Breaking The Promise: The Burden Of Unfunded Liabilities On Future Generations, Thomas Savidge
Helm's School of Government Conference - 2021-2024
This paper discusses the trillions of dollars in government debt accumulated by state governments as well as the costs of debt on future generations. It examines unfunded pension liabilities, unfunded other post-employment benefit (OPEB) liabilities, as well as state bonded obligations and the crowding out effect of public debt onto state budgets. The paper also discusses opportunities for reform that can help alleviate the debt burden on future generations. Data are collected from state annual comprehensive financial reports (ACFRs) as well as public pension and OPEB actuarial valuations.
Renovating America's Electrical Grid: Renewable Sources And Resilient Delivery,
2023
Fordham University
Renovating America's Electrical Grid: Renewable Sources And Resilient Delivery, Justin O'Hare Giffee
Student Theses 2015-Present
Since the late 1800s, America’s electrical grid systems have relied primarily upon fossil fuels for sources of electricity. Due to the outdated structural foundations and glaring holes in distribution networks, the existing electrical grids struggle with electricity escaping, and modern issues such as cybersecurity, resilience, and weather-related events associated with climate change. This essay discusses ongoing problems with current electric grid systems and aims at explaining the importance of incorporating renewables as a solution for these problems into a new grid system. In the first chapter, a detailed explanation is provided regarding the current issues present in America's grid systems. …
Essays On Manufacturing And Growth,
2023
Clemson University
Essays On Manufacturing And Growth, Hugo Vaca Pereira Rocha
All Dissertations
The first chapter of this dissertation studies the role of human capital in generating economic convergence through its impact on manufacturing productivity growth and allocation of labor across sectors of the economy. I confirm and extend existing results showing that productivity in manufacturing – unlike its economy-wide counterpart – has exhibited convergence; that is, countries further behind the technology frontier tend to catch up to those on the frontier. I then show that the convergence in manufacturing is (a) somewhat accelerated by countries’ tertiary education levels and (b) faster in high-tech industries. Perhaps surprisingly, this is not driven by tertiary …
Income Inequality And Economic Growth: An Analysis,
2023
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Income Inequality And Economic Growth: An Analysis, Nicholas Martin
Economics Undergraduate Honors Theses
Income inequality and its relationship with economic growth has been a subject of debate in academia for decades. This paper examines the relationship the Gini index of five selected countries and four macroeconomic variables (GDP growth, unemployment rate, lending interest rate, and savings rate) for each country with two developed nations being represented (United States and Italy) and three developing nations being represented (Peru, Belarus, and Indonesia). After reviewing the literature on the relationship between income inequality and economic growth, a multivariate regression analysis of each country is presented; first with GDP growth as the dependent variable, followed by a …
Understanding Romania's Poverty: A Historical Overview Of Economics And Politics And Their Implications On Poverty Today,
2023
Liberty University
Understanding Romania's Poverty: A Historical Overview Of Economics And Politics And Their Implications On Poverty Today, Benjamin Bucur
Senior Honors Theses
Romania is a country with a high-income economy that is experiencing considerable growth following its economic reforms of earlier decades. With growth, tendencies for an unequal society are prevalent. Therefore, appropriate economic policies that are specifically targeted toward bottlenecks are essential. This thesis seeks to outline the major types of poverty in Romania while also offering actionable entrepreneurial and educational insights that practically combat poverty at its roots.
An Inquiry Concerning Japanese Yen Interest Rate Swap Yields,
2023
Citibank
An Inquiry Concerning Japanese Yen Interest Rate Swap Yields, Tanweer Akram, Khawaja Mamun
WCBT Working Papers
This paper econometrically models Japanese yen (JPY)–denominated interest rate swap yields. It examines whether the short-term interest rate exerts an influence on the long-term JPY swap yield after controlling for several key macroeconomic variables, such as core inflation, the growth of industrial production, the percentage change in the equity price index, and the percentage change in the exchange rate. It also tests whether there are structural breaks in the dynamics of Japanese swap yields and related variables. The estimated econometric models show that the short-term interest rate exerts an important influence on the long-term swap yield in some periods but …
