Health Economics Commons^™

Impacts Of Rising Temperatures On Human Behavior With A Focus On Gender Differences, Stephanie Marie Emilia J. Hermoso

Master's Theses

Climate change is one of the biggest and most pressing issues the world is facing today. While its economic implications are substantial, it is also important to investigate the effects of climate change on human behavior. This paper examines the relationship of rising temperatures and its effect on an individual’s cooperative behavior – specifically egalitarianism, generosity, selfishness, and spite. This study will focus on the differences between how males and females react to the temperature. Research indicates that there are substantial behavioral differences between men and women. How do the economic decisions of men and women differ when interacted with …

Guaranteed Income And Financial Treatment (G.I.F.T.): A 12-Month, Randomized Controlled Trial To Compare The Effectiveness Of Monthly Unconditional Cash Transfers To Treatment As Usual In Reducing Financial Toxicity In People With Cancer Who Have Low Incomes, Meredith Doherty, Jonathan Heintz, Amy Leader, David Wittenberg, Yonatan Ben-Shalom, Jessica Jacoby, Amy Castro, Stacia West

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Cancer-related financial hardship (i.e., financial toxicity) has been associated with anxiety and depression, greater pain and symptom burden, treatment nonadherence, and mortality. Out-of-pocket healthcare costs and lost income are primary drivers of financial toxicity, however, income loss is a pronounced risk factor for cancer patients with low incomes. There has been little progress in developing an income intervention to alleviate financial toxicity cancer patients with low incomes. Unconditional cash transfers (UCT), or guaranteed income, have produced positive health effects in experiments with general low-income populations, but have not yet been evaluated in people with cancer. The Guaranteed Income and Financial …

Three Essays In The Economics Of Child Development And Health Inequities, Travis Whitacre

Economics Theses and Dissertations

In chapter 1, I assess the long-term education and labor market effects of missed ADHD diagnoses. Doing so is challenging for two reasons. First, a person's true ADHD status is unobserved; only their diagnosed status is known. Second, even if diagnostic errors are observed, they are likely akin to non-classical misclassification errors and therefore endogenous. To overcome these empirical challenges, I use and extend on a partial observability model with genetic data from Add Health. Through the lens of the partial observability model. I recover an estimate of true ADHD status, and the probability of underdiagnosis. Then, I estimate their …

Rural And Urban Caregiver Experiences Of Financial Strain And Food Insecurity During Pediatric Hospitalizations, Rachel E. Granberg

Research Days

Background: Stress is common among caregivers of hospitalized children. In addition to stress related to their child’s illness, caregivers experience stress related to financial strain and food insecurity during their child’s hospitalization. The burden of financial strain and food insecurity related to pediatric hospitalizations may vary between rural and urban populations.

Objectives/Goal: To identify financial strain and food insecurity experienced by caregivers of hospitalized children and to describe differences between rural and urban populations.

Methods/Design: A prospective cross-sectional survey enrolled a random sample of caregivers of hospitalized children between 8/31/2021 and 12/2/2022 at a single children’s hospital. Demographic information was …

The Correlation Between Traumatic Brain Injury And Incarceration Among Adult Males In The United States, Shadi Shams

Stratford Campus Research Day

The United States has one of the largest growing prison populations in the world. A large amount of social and economic resources go towards the cost and maintenance of correctional facilities each year. Additionally, the current correctional programs are insufficient in assisting inmates with getting back to society; especially those with traumatic brain injury (TBI) who often remain undiagnosed and are usually treated unfairly in the prison system instead of receiving the appropriate help. Prior scholarly work has shown that patients in the post-TBI stage are more likely to enter the judicial system. In the recent population-based cohort study, the …

Barriers To Colorectal Cancer Screening For Low-Income Hispanic Men In Urban Areas Between 50-75, Alex Vega

Stratford Campus Research Day

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Although CRC screening rates have improved in non-Hispanic whites (NHW), Hispanic adult males (HAM) aged 50-75 in urban areas continue to experience low screening rates and higher CRC morbidity and mortality. This review aims to identify the barriers to CRC screening among HAM and propose targeted interventions to increase screening rates. A comprehensive literature review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Key search terms included "colorectal cancer", "screening", "Hispanic adult males", "urban", "barriers", and "interventions". Factors identified include poverty, language …

Barriers To Doula Use In New Jersey After 2021 Medicaid Coverage Expansion, June Solow, Aashna Reddy, Natali Sharma, Jonathan Lewis

Stratford Campus Research Day

Background: Doulas are trained non-clinical professionals that provide continuous support to a pregnant mother from the prenatal to postpartum period. Presence of a doula has been shown to benefit both mother and newborn health.

Purpose: To determine what prevents doula utilization in New Jersey.

Methods: A review of the current literature about doulas, mothers, clinicians, and legislation in other states was conducted. This included qualitative and quantitative data gathered in the United States.

Results: The most significant barrier from both the mother’s and doula’s perspectives is cost. Besides cost, diversity and number of doulas is low. A major barrier to …

The Influences Of The Public Health Care System And Education System On The Economic Growth Of Swaziland, Grace Greer

International and Global Studies Undergraduate Honors Theses

The Kingdom of Eswatini, also known as Swaziland, has one of the youngest populations in the world with over 70% of citizens being under the age of 18 years old. This creates a substantial opportunity for economic, social, and educational growth in a country previously plagued with diseases such as HIV/AIDS, poor health care infrastructure cutting off thousands from basic care, and an educational system with a very low attendance rate and an even lower graduation rate. By evaluating the root causes of such issues dating back to the colonial era there is an opportunity to reprioritize health care and …

An Economic And Regulatory Analysis Of Breast Cancer Drugs Approved By The Us Food And Drug Administration, Abdullah Althomali

Pharmaceutical Sciences (MS) Theses

Introduction

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. The pharmacological options for breast cancer include chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, which are used for the prevention or treatment of breast cancer. This study assessed trends in FDA approvals and prices at the market entry of new drugs indicated for breast cancer in the period 1980-2022. The study also evaluated the factors associated with the price of the new breast cancer drugs at market entry.

Material and Methods

Regulatory data were collected from the FDA website, and …

Developing The Food Navigator Role At Everyone's Harvest, Chase Rodriguez

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Everyone’s Harvest (EH) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit that operates farmers’ markets. In order to reduce hunger in Monterey County, Everyone's Harvest offers several food assistance programs for low-income people including the Market Match (MM) incentive program which matches CalFresh money, modern day food stamps, dollar for dollar. The problem is that in Monterey County 1 in 4 adults and 1 in 3 children are food insecure. The purpose of the Food Navigator (FN) at EH is to engage with the local community and connect low-income people with food assistance resources, primarily the MM program. This project was a role development …

A Two-Year Retrospective Evaluation Of Cone Beam Computed Tomography Indications In Pediatric, Adolescent And Adult Patients, Zeynep Betül Arslan, Esra Ceren Tuğutlu

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

Objective: The objective was to evaluate cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) indications and distribution in pediatric, adolescent and adult patients. Methods: A total of 1013 CBCT images were reviewed in detail from the electronic patient database. The patient’s age, gender, CBCT indications and acquisition sites, referral departments, reason for referral, incidental findings in the imaging field and the presence of artifacts in the CBCT images were all recorded. The European DIMITRA project recommendations were used to categorize CBCT indications in the children and the European Guidelines were used for adults. Results: From a total of 1013 images; 5.3% …

Treatment Of Gingival Fenestration Using Mucoperiosteal Flap With Connective Tissue Graft: A Report Of Two Cases, Swati Jaglan, Shikha Tewari

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

Fenestration term is derived from the Latin word ‘fenestra’ means ‘window’. Gingival fenestration is not found in routine while its actual occurrence is assumed to be higher. Additionally, if these mucogingival defects persist for a longer duration it may lead to adverse outcomes like compromised esthetics, hypersensitivity, plaque and calculus deposition, and susceptibility to dental caries. Present cases of gingival fenestration were successfully treated by using full-thickness flap elevation with connective tissue graft placement. Two cases were presented with the accumulation of plaque and calculus and having gingival fenestration to the respective sites. After phase 1 therapy, full thickness flap …

Treatment Of Oral Vascular Malformations With Ethamolin: A Report Of Two Cases, Maria Clara De Moura Santos Coelho Ferreira, Marco Vinícius De Sales Lima, Anna Laura Almeida Barreto, Dárcio Kitakawa, Alexandre Do Prado Scherma, Felipe Peralta, Luis Felipe Das Chagas E Silva De Carvalho

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

A hemangioma is a benign vascular neoplasm, relatively common in the head and neck. In the oral region, it affects the tongue, gums, mucosa, palate, and lip. Its size can vary from millimeters to centimeters, characterized as a purplish or reddish lesion. The present study aims to present two clinical cases of hemangiomas, the first of a male patient treated by sclerotherapy and the second of a female patient in which she was treated with ethamolin and later surgical treatment. It was concluded that sclerotherapy, in addition to being a safe treatment, managed to drastically reduce the initial size of …

A Prospective-Randomized Study: The Impact Of Four Different Caries Removal Method On Pain And Clinical Evaluations, Merve Aydemir, Serdar Bağlar

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

Objective: There are many different methods for removing caries. In this study, to evaluate four caries removal methods in terms of patient comfort and to evaluate the clinical success of restorations according to modified-USPHS criteria. Methods: In 31 patients with at least 4 Class II caries in their posterior teeth, 4 teeth were randomly divided into four groups and 4 different methods (conventional method, Carisolv, Papacarie, Er-Cr:YSGG Laser) were used for caries removal. Pain formation during caries removal was determined by FACE Pain Scale questionnaire. The restorations were controlled with Modified-USPHS criteria in 3-6-12 months period. Mann-Whitney U …

Management Of Tooth Hypersensitivity Under A Cantilever Fixed Partial Denture Using A Novel Low-Level Laser Therapy Protocol: A Case Report, Mohamed Fattouh, Manal Mohammed Aljuaid, Nada Ali Abdelaleem

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

Tooth hypersensitivity is a common clinical complaint after dental treatment.

Objective: This study presents a case report of the use of a diode laser for treating tooth hypersensitivity in a patient with a cantilever fixed partial denture abutment.

Case Report: A 23-year-old female patient presented to the Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University in Makkah, with the chief complaint of pain in a deeply carious maxillary right first premolar. The tooth was extracted, and a cantilever fixed partial denture was placed using the second premolar as an abutment. One year later, the patient experienced tooth hypersensitivity under the bridge. Low-level …

Debt And The Medicare Eligibility Discontinuity: Disparate Effects Across Households, Olivia Falck

Honors Theses

Public health insurance programs like Medicare and Medicaid have been shown to help reduce household debt caused by healthcare costs. The impact of health insurance literacy makes the relationship between public health programs and debt more ambiguous. The increasing complexity of Medicare raises the question of whether cost savings associated with enrollment might be mitigated by the complexity of choosing the ideal plan for those with low health insurance literacy. In this study, I utilize the Medicare eligibility cutoff at age 65 to implement a regression discontinuity design that analyzes the impact of Medicare eligibility on household debt and out …

The Impact Of Covid-19 And Associated Policy Responses On Global Food Security, Edward J. Balistreri, Felix Baquedano, John C. Beghin

Economics Department Faculty Publications

We analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated policy responses on the global economy and food security in 80 low- and middle-income countries. We use a global economy-wide model with detailed disaggregation of agricultural and food sectors and develop a business-as-usual baseline for 2020 and 2021 called “But-for-COVID” (BfC). We then shock the model with aggregate income shocks derived from the IMF World Economic Outlook for 2020 and 2021. We impose total-factor productivity losses in key sectors as well as consumption decreases induced by social distancing. The resulting shocks in prices and incomes from the CGE model simulations …

Association Between Low Health Literacy And Adverse Health Behaviors In North Carolina, 2016, Manan Roy, Adam Hege, Erin D. Bouldin

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: Health literacy (HL) is an urgent public health challenge facing the U.S. HL is a critical factor in health inequities and exacerbates underlying social determinants of health.

Purpose: This study assesses the association between low HL (LHL) and adverse health behaviors, which contribute to poor health.

Methods: Researchers used North Carolina’s 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data, namely, the Health Literacy optional module which asks respondents to rate how difficult it is for them to get health-related advice or to understand medical information (verbal or written). Health behaviors analyzed were excessive alcohol consumption, lack of adequate exercise and …

Effects Of The Raising The Minimum Legal Purchasing Age For Tobacco On Cigarette, Cocaine And Inhalant Consumption, Ahmed Adil

Theses and Dissertations

Over the past few years, several states have passed laws that increase the minimum legal purchasing age (MLPA) for tobacco from 18 to 21 years. This study examines the impact of statewide MLPA laws on youth tobacco consumption. Using data from the 2009-2019 Youth Risky Behavior Surveys (YRBS) and a difference-in-differences approach, I find that the enactment of MLPA laws is associated with a decrease in tobacco usage among adolescents. I also find that MLPA laws have important spillover effects to other youth risky behaviors. MLPA law adoption is associated with a reduction in cocaine use and inhalant abuse.

Association Of Diabetes Prevalence With Labor Force Participation Rates In Kentucky Counties, Ryan Montgomery

MPA/MPP/MPFM Capstone Projects

Compared to other states in the USA, Kentucky has one of the highest rates of diagnosed diabetes and one of the lowest levels of labor force participation. This project employs a multivariable linear regression model to estimate the correlation between county-level diabetes prevalence and county-level labor force participation rates in Kentucky counties from 2015-2019, using publicly available data from the Centers for Disease Control’s Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) and the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey (ACS). Labor force participation rates serve as the dependent variable and diabetes prevalence rates serve as the primary independent variable, alongside nine …