Signatures Of Fluid-Rock Interactions In Shallow Parts Of The San Andreas And San Gabriel Faults, Southern California,
2024
Utah State University
Signatures Of Fluid-Rock Interactions In Shallow Parts Of The San Andreas And San Gabriel Faults, Southern California, James P. Evans, Kaitlyn Crouch, Caroline Studnicky, Sharon Bone, Nicholas Edwards, Samuel M. Webb
Geosciences Faculty Publications
We examine deformed crystalline bedrock in the upper parts of the active San Andreas and ancient San Gabriel Faults, southern California, to 1) determine the nature and origin of micro-scale composition and geochemistry of fault-related rocks, 2) constrain the extent of fluid-rock interactions, and 3) determine the interactions between alteration, mineralization, and deformation. We used drill cores from a 470 m long inclined borehole through the steep-dipping San Gabriel Fault and from seven inclined northeast-plunging boreholes across the San Andreas Fault zone to 150 m deep to show that narrow fault cores 10 cm to 5 m wide lie within …
Deconvolving Provenance Signatures Of Pliocene-Pleistocene Coastal Loess Deposits Along The Atlantic Margin Of Argentina,
2024
University of South Carolina
Deconvolving Provenance Signatures Of Pliocene-Pleistocene Coastal Loess Deposits Along The Atlantic Margin Of Argentina, Will Robert Quanrud
Theses and Dissertations
Dust derived from southern South America provides critical nutrients for autotropic marine biota in the South Atlantic Ocean, such that fluxes of wind-blown sediment may ultimately affect the concentration of atmospheric CO2. Expansive sand, silt, and loess deposits are exposed in Central Argentina, recording millions of years of eolian processes; however, the provenance and transport pathways of this dust remains unclear. Coastal loess deposits ranging in age from Pliocene to upper Pleistocene are present along the Atlantic margin of Argentina and provide information on sediment transport pathways for the last 4 million years. Nine samples of loess were collected and …
Hypogenic Caves Of Syracuse Area, Sicily (Italy): Geomorphological Evidence Of Co2 Degassing, Fresh-Salt Water Mixing, And Late Condensation Corrosion,
2024
Polytech’Lab - UPR 7498, Polytech Nice Sophia, Université Côte d'Azur , 930 route des Colles, 06903 Sophia-Antipolis, France
Hypogenic Caves Of Syracuse Area, Sicily (Italy): Geomorphological Evidence Of Co2 Degassing, Fresh-Salt Water Mixing, And Late Condensation Corrosion, Philippe Audra, Jean-Yves Bigot, Didier Cailhol, Pierre Camps, Ilenia M. D'Angeli, Hai Cheng, R. Lawrence Edwards, Fernando Gàzquez-Sanchez, Gabriella Koltai, Giuliana Madonia, Jean-Claude Nobécourt, Marjan Temovski, Marco Vattano, Jo De Waele
International Journal of Speleology
Many caves in Sicily have been shown to have a sulfuric acid or other hypogenic origin. We studied three caves (Palombara, Scrivilleri, Monello) near Syracuse (eastern Sicily), in an area that was strongly uplifted and faulted, creating multiple Pleistocene marine terraces. Mineralogy, stable isotopes and dating methods (paleomagnetism, U/Th) were used to characterize cave sediments, some of which were related to the initial hypogenic phase (Fe and Mn oxides, calcite spar), others were introduced by surface runoff later. Many other sediments are the result of in situ weathering, such as lime sands produced by condensation-corrosion processes on the calcarenite walls. …
Crustal Structure And Evolution Of The Queen Charlotte Plate Boundary,
2024
University of New Mexico
Crustal Structure And Evolution Of The Queen Charlotte Plate Boundary, Collin C. Brandl
Earth and Planetary Sciences ETDs
There are many outstanding questions in plate tectonics that remain unanswered because large regions of the Earth are unexplored, both at the surface and in the subsurface. In this dissertation, I processed and analyzed active source seismic reflection data from the historically understudied Queen Charlotte transform plate boundary. Using this dataset, I found that the southern segment of the plate boundary has active underthrusting, is analogous to subduction zone crustal slivers, and is a site of early subduction initiation. Along the entire plate boundary, I constrained the near-surface thermal gradient using the stability of gas hydrate, finding that it is …
Structural Characterization Of The Puma Diapir, Gulf Of Mexico Basin,
2024
Stephen F Austin State University
Structural Characterization Of The Puma Diapir, Gulf Of Mexico Basin, Rodrigo Velasquez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The Gulf of Mexico (GOM) Basin has been a significant target for oil and gas since the 1990s and continues today as a leading exploration target. This super basin is home to an estimated 200 BBOE (Billon barrels of oil equivalent), with current production totaling 60 BBOE for both USA and Mexico. Even though the overall depositional evolution of the GOM has allowed for the key elements for petroleum accumulations to be met, a complex structural framework is present. This framework results from the asymmetric spreading of the North American Plate from the Yucatan block crating the GOM basin we …
Structure Of The South-Central Skagit Gneiss Complex: Implications For Rheological Response To Magmatic Flare-Ups,
2024
San Jose State University
Structure Of The South-Central Skagit Gneiss Complex: Implications For Rheological Response To Magmatic Flare-Ups, Jeffery Wegener
Master's Theses
The Skagit Gneiss Complex in the North Cascades magmatic arc consists of Late Cretaceous to Eocene orthogneiss and partially migmatitic paragneiss. Orthogneiss protoliths intruded during two magmatic flare-ups, making the Skagit Gneiss an ideal location to study the relationship between flare-ups and deformation. Geologic mapping, microstructural analysis, and U-Pb dating of zircon were used to construct a timeline of magmatism, metamorphism and deformation in a portion of the Skagit Gneiss. A tonalitic gneiss intruded between ~79-73 at the beginning of the older flare-up and an ~60 Ma, tonalitic to granodioritic, leucocratic orthogneiss intruded at the end of this flare-up. NW-SE …
Assessing The Role Of Steam Explosivity In Shallow And Deep Marine Environments,
2024
San Jose State University
Assessing The Role Of Steam Explosivity In Shallow And Deep Marine Environments, Frederick Ede
Master's Theses
Volcaniclastic deposits formed in shallow and deep marine environments show strikingly different characteristics resulting from the ability of steam to assist in lava fragmentation. Deep marine deposits come from recent lava flows at Axial Seamount, formed around 1,500 m water depth, while shallow marine samples come from Miocene Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) lava flows that were emplaced in a shallow marine to subaerial environment and are now exposed on the Oregon coast. Volcaniclastic material from these two environments was compared using granulometry, componentry, and mapping. Lithofacies from the CRBG contained abundant ash and lapilli sized clasts with a high …
Charlotte: A Modern Tool For Cave Surveying,
2024
G.S. Talpe del Carso - J.K. Kraski Krti, Italy
Charlotte: A Modern Tool For Cave Surveying, Luca Tringali Mr., Giacomo Canciani Dr., Alexander Debenjak, Tecla Tripari
International Journal of Speleology
The future of cave surveying is a full 3D scan, as automatic as possible, capturing all morphologically relevant details. However, the vast majority of cavers are still using tools designed more than 15 years ago. The advancements in tools for architects, CAD designers, programmers of VR and robotics could be helpful also for the caving community. That’s why Charlotte, a cheap DIY 2.5D scanner designed for cave surveying, was developed and built. To demonstrate its capabilities, a new survey of Grotta Regina del Carso cave (cad. nr. 2328/4760VG), the biggest cave in the Gorizia Karst, has been realized and published. …
Hypogene Speleogenesis In Carbonates By Cooling Hydrothermal Flow: The Case Of Mt. Berenike Caves, Israel,
2024
Duke University, Durahm, USA
Hypogene Speleogenesis In Carbonates By Cooling Hydrothermal Flow: The Case Of Mt. Berenike Caves, Israel, Roi Roded, Boaz Langford, Einat Aharonov, Piotr Szymczak, Micka Ullman, Shemesh Yaaran, Boaz Lazar, Amos Frumkin
International Journal of Speleology
The Berenike hypogenic cave system near Lake Kinneret, Israel, provides a valuable case study for investigating the recently proposed Confined-Cooling-Flow (CCF) speleogenesis model. Field and speleological surveys, along with existing research, are used to provide a thorough analysis. The CCF model relies on a simple thermo-hydro-chemical scenario, involving the rise of CO2-rich hydrothermal fluids discharging into a confined layer. The cooling of these CO2-rich fluids turns them into aggressive solutions due to the inverse relation between temperature and solubility of carbonates (retrograde solubility). Previous geochemical and numerical analyses of the CCF model predict localized and persistent dissolution and speleogenesis on …
Peri-Gondwanan Sediment In The Arkoma Basin Derived From The North: The Detrital Zircon Record Of A Uniquely Concentrated Non-Laurentian Source Signal In The Late Paleozoic,
2024
U.S. Geological Survey, Denver
Peri-Gondwanan Sediment In The Arkoma Basin Derived From The North: The Detrital Zircon Record Of A Uniquely Concentrated Non-Laurentian Source Signal In The Late Paleozoic, Tyson M. Smith, Marieke Deshesne, Jaime A.M. Hirtz, Glenn R. Sharman, Mark R. Hudson, Brandon M. Lutz, Neil Griffis
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
During the assembly of Pangea, peri-Gondwanan terranes collided with the eastern and southern margins of Laurentia and brought with them unique detrital zircon U-Pb signatures. Discriminating between individual peri-Gondwanan terranes in the detrital record is difficult due to their similar geologic histories. However, characterization of this provenance is critical for understanding late Paleozoic sediment routing during development of Pangea. Along southeastern Laurentia, in the Arkoma Basin (present-day Arkansas and eastern Oklahoma, southeastern United States), we identified Middle Pennsylvanian (Desmoinesian) strata that exhibit a concentrated peri-Gondwanan detrital zircon signature (e.g., ca. 800–550 Ma). Although several southern peri-Gondwanan terranes (e.g., Maya, Suwannee) …
Polygenetic Cave Sedimentation And Speleogenesis In The Mccloud Limestone Of Northern California,
2024
Western Kentucky University
Polygenetic Cave Sedimentation And Speleogenesis In The Mccloud Limestone Of Northern California, Niles Lathrop
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Caves in the Permian-aged, McCloud Limestone of the Klamath Mountains of Northern California preserve a diverse range of clastic sediments that represent broad-scale variations in paleo-hydrologic conditions and transport mechanisms that hint at varied modes of speleogenesis through local landscape development. Caves in the McCloud Limestone exhibit a range of cave passage geometries and arrangements that suggests periods of both hypogene and epigene cave development through temporal and spatial scales. This study evaluates the variability in the distribution, mineralogy, and transport mechanisms of clastic-cave sediments in seven hydrologically-distinct caves in the McCloud Limestone to establish relationships between clastic-cave sedimentation and …
Development And Application Of The Sinkhole Hazard Risk Index To Inform Karst Policy And Mitigation Planning,
2024
Western Kentucky University
Development And Application Of The Sinkhole Hazard Risk Index To Inform Karst Policy And Mitigation Planning, Meghan Puente
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Sinkholes are geologic hazards that occur in karst landscapes and can be highly destructive and costly. Sinkhole mitigation plans and development policies are nonexistent at the federal level within the United States and vary significantly at the state level. The lack of a unified standard for sinkhole mitigation planning is partly due to a lack of available data and resources needed to assess sinkhole risk. While there are established sinkhole assessments within the literature, they focus more on the detection and prediction of sinkholes rather than a holistic approach to risk assessment. The goal of this study is to create …
Transformation Of Organic To Inorganic Nitrogen In Nh4 +-Illite-Bearing And Ga-Al-Ree-Rich Bituminous Coals: Evidence From Nitrogen Isotopes And Functionalities,
2024
China University of Mining and Technology Beijing
Transformation Of Organic To Inorganic Nitrogen In Nh4 +-Illite-Bearing And Ga-Al-Ree-Rich Bituminous Coals: Evidence From Nitrogen Isotopes And Functionalities, Qian Wang, Shifeng Dai, Victor P. Nechaev, David French, Ian Graham, Lei Zhao, Shaowei Zhang, Yang Liang, James C. Hower
Earth and Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications
Nitrogen is one of the most important elements and mainly occurs as organic forms in coal, and in a few cases, in an inorganic form. Organic nitrogen in coal is mainly derived from the proteins of plants and micro-organisms but sources of inorganic nitrogen remain controversial. One hypothesis for the source of inorganic nitrogen is the organic matter of coal, but this lacks strong evidence. In the Daqingshan Coalfield of Inner Mongolia, northern China, an igneous intrusion in the east of the coalfield led to a coal rank increase from the Hailiushu through the Datanhao mines to the Adaohai mine …
Coal Creek Carbon Capture,
2024
University of North Dakota
Coal Creek Carbon Capture, University Of North Dakota. Energy And Environmental Research Center
EERC Brochures and Fact Sheets
Fact sheet about Coal Creek Carbon Capture project, a CarbonSAFE initiative. The Coal Creek Carbon Capture project is investigating the feasibility of developing safe, permanent geologic storage of CO2 captured from Coal Creek Station.
Diatom-Inferred Hydroclimate Variability In Marl Lake, Wi Over The Past ~2050 Years,
2024
Indiana State University
Diatom-Inferred Hydroclimate Variability In Marl Lake, Wi Over The Past ~2050 Years, Christian E. Sizemore
All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Hydroclimate variability in the Midwest has increased over the past few decades, as as evidenced by increases in average precipitation and frequency of extreme hydroclimate events. Understanding natural climate variability in this region will help communities in the Midwest to better prepare and mitigate the risks associated with extreme hydroclimate variability in the future. Natural lakes in the Midwest are often effective archives of hydroclimate; many have been shown to respond directly to changes in climate both locally and regionally. We extracted a 4.5-meter sediment core, representing approximately 2050 years of sediment accumulation, from the deepest part of Marl Lake …
Preguntas Más Frecuentes De Perforación,
2024
University of North Dakota
Preguntas Más Frecuentes De Perforación, Universidad De Dakota Del Norte. Centro De Investigación De Energía Y Ambiental
EERC Brochures and Fact Sheets
Hoja informativa acerca de la investigación geológica de la perforación. Muestras de roca cilíndricas, llamadas núcleos de roca, y datos geológicos serán adquiridos en un pozo exploratorio perforado en el Condado McKenzie, Dakota del Norte
The Roughrider Carbon Storage Hub,
2024
University of North Dakota
The Roughrider Carbon Storage Hub, University Of North Dakota. Energy And Environmental Research Center
EERC Brochures and Fact Sheets
Fact sheet regarding the Roughrider Carbon Storage Hub, a CarbonSAFE project. The Roughrider Carbon Storage Hub project is investigating the feasibility of safe, permanent storage of CO2 in McKenzie County, North Dakota.
El Centro De Almacenamiento De Carbono Roughrider,
2024
University of North Dakota
El Centro De Almacenamiento De Carbono Roughrider, Universidad De Dakota Del Norte. Centro De Investigación De Energía Y Ambiental
EERC Brochures and Fact Sheets
Hojas informativas acerca del Centro de Almacenamiento de Carbono Roughrider, un Proyecto de CarbonSAFE. El Proyecto del Centro de Almacenamiento de Carbono Roughrider está investigando la viabilidad para el almacenamiento Seguro y permanente de CO2 en el condado McKenzie, Dakota del Norte.
Drilling Faqs,
2024
University of North Dakota
Drilling Faqs, University Of North Dakota. Energy And Environmental Research Center
EERC Brochures and Fact Sheets
Fact sheet about geological research drilling. Cylindrical rock samples, called cores, and geologic data will be collected from an exploratory hole drilled in McKenzie County, North Dakota.
Using Raman Spectroscopy To Validate Metamorphic P-T Paths From Western New Hampshire,
2024
Boise State University
Using Raman Spectroscopy To Validate Metamorphic P-T Paths From Western New Hampshire, Alexis Thomas
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
Constructing and interpreting pressure-temperature (P-T) paths in metamorphic rocks is crucial to understanding tectonic processes occurring at mid- to deep-crustal levels. Conventional methods for obtaining P-T paths rely on mineral chemistry, such as chemical zoning in garnets, which assumes growth at chemical equilibrium. However, studies show that garnet growth can occur with disequilibrium nucleation, which can result in a biased or potentially incorrect P-T path. An alternative, physics-based approach using Raman spectroscopy can also be used to determine P-T paths. This method involves using elastic thermobarometry of quartz inclusions within garnet. In this study, I tested the hypothesis that P-T …
