Habitat And Prey Availability Attributes Associated With Juvenile And Early Adult Pallid Sturgeon Occurrence In The Missouri River, Usa,
2012
US Geological Survey, South Dakota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences & Present address: Minnesota Pollution Control Agency,
Habitat And Prey Availability Attributes Associated With Juvenile And Early Adult Pallid Sturgeon Occurrence In The Missouri River, Usa, Bryan D. Spindler, Steven R. Chipps, Robert A. Klumb, Brian D. S. Graeb, Michael C. Wimberly
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
The pallid sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus is a federally endangered species native to the Missouri and lower Mississippi Rivers, USA. As part of recovery efforts, over 360 000 pallid sturgeon have been stocked into the Missouri River since 1994, and a standardized, long-term monitoring program was initiated in 2003. Understanding the distribution and habitat requirements of juvenile and early adult pallid sturgeon (fork length <720 mm, age <10 yr) is an important goal of the monitoring and recovery programs. In this study, we collected information on habitat characteristics and prey availability from the upper Missouri River along the Nebraska-South Dakota border and compared these attributes between capture (present) and non-capture (absent) locations (N = 59). To evaluate the relative influence of habitat and prey availability on pallid sturgeon occurrence, we examined several candidate models using an informationtheoretic approach. A prey availability model had the most support and included site-specific information on Diptera and Ephemeroptera abundance. A habitat-based model showed that juveniles and early adults were found in relatively deeper water and avoided areas where bottom velocities were greater than 1.2 m s−1. Although not as well supported as the prey-effects model (evidence ratio = 6.4), habitat features also provided a plausible model for predicting occurrence. The models developed here could be used to evaluate pallid sturgeon habitat potential in the Missouri River basin and help guide future monitoring and conservation management of this endangered species.
Heterogeneous Detection Probabilities For Imperiled Missouri River Fishes: Implications For Large-River Monitoring Programs,
2012
Kansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Division of Biology, Kansas State University & Present address: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ashland Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office
Heterogeneous Detection Probabilities For Imperiled Missouri River Fishes: Implications For Large-River Monitoring Programs, Joshua T. Schloesser, Craig P. Paukert, Wyatt J. Doyle, Tracy D. Hill, Kirk D. Steffensen, Vince H. Travnichek
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
Occupancy modeling was used to determine (1) if detection probabilities (p) for 7 regionally imperiled Missouri River fishes (Scaphirhynchus albus, Scaphirhynchus platorynchus, Cycleptus elongatus, Sander canadensis, Macrhybopsis aestivalis, Macrhybopsis gelida, and Macrhybopsis meeki) differed among gear types (i.e. stationary gill nets, drifted trammel nets, and otter trawls), and (2) how detection probabilities were affected by habitat (i.e. pool, bar, and open water), longitudinal position (five 189 to 367 rkm long segments), sampling year (2003 to 2006), and season (July 1 to October 30 and October 31 to June 30). Adult, large-bodied fishes were …
Projecting Changes In Extreme Precipitation In The Midwestern United States Using North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program (Narccap) Regional Climate Models,
2012
University of Dayton
Projecting Changes In Extreme Precipitation In The Midwestern United States Using North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program (Narccap) Regional Climate Models, Shuang-Ye Wu
Department of Earth, Environment and Sustainability Faculty Publications
Based on the physics of global circulation, many expect an enhanced greenhouse effect to lead to a more active hydrological cycle with more precipitation on average (Hennessy et al. 1997). This expected increase has been found in observations (Zhang et al. 2007) and has also been suggested by climate models, although these models are not consistent with respect to the spatial and temporal variability about this change. An increase in mean precipitation depth, assuming no change in the shape of the frequency distribution, would imply an increased frequency of heavy-precipitation events. However, some studies (Hennessy et al. 1997, Allen and …
Mafic Alkaline Magmatism In The East Tintic Mountains, West-Central Utah: Implications For A Late Oligocene Transition From Subduction To Extension,
2012
Brigham Young University - Provo
Mafic Alkaline Magmatism In The East Tintic Mountains, West-Central Utah: Implications For A Late Oligocene Transition From Subduction To Extension, Tara Laine Allen
Theses and Dissertations
Voluminous Eocene to Oligocene intermediate to silicic volcanic rocks related to subduction erupted throughout the Great Basin and were supplanted by bimodal eruptions of basalt and rhyolite related to extension in the Miocene. Locally, in the northern East Tintic Mountains of central Utah, this important transition is marked by a distinctive package of mafic alkaline magmas that reveal important details about the nature of this fundamental change. A late Oligocene anorthoclase-bearing shoshonite lava in the Boulter Peak quadrangle contains megacrysts of anorthoclase, with phenocrysts of olivine, clinopyroxene, magnesiohastingsite, magnetite, and apatite. The anorthoclase grains occur as glomerocrysts with irregular, resorbed …
Real-Time Change And Damage Detection Of Landslides And Other Earth Movements Threatening Public Infrastructure,
2012
Oregon State University
Real-Time Change And Damage Detection Of Landslides And Other Earth Movements Threatening Public Infrastructure, Michael J. Olsen, Shawn Butcher, Evon P. Silvia
TREC Final Reports
Geologic hazards such as coastal erosion, landslides, seismic loading, etc. constantly threaten public highway construction and maintenance. Repeat surveys using terrestrial laser scanning (TLS, ground-based LiDAR) enable rapid 3D data acquisition to map, see, analyze, and understand the processes generating such problems. Previously, change detection and analysis between scan surveys was conducted during post-processing upon return to the office, instead of while collecting data in the field. Change detection in the field improves the effectiveness and efficiency of the field investigation. We have developed a new algorithm that quickly geo-references scans upon field acquisition and simultaneously performs change detection by …
Geodetic Constraints On San Francisco Bay Area Fault Slip Rates And Potential Seismogenic Asperities On The Partially Creeping Hayward Fault,
2012
Harvard University
Geodetic Constraints On San Francisco Bay Area Fault Slip Rates And Potential Seismogenic Asperities On The Partially Creeping Hayward Fault, Eileen L. Evans, John P. Loveless, Brendan J. Meade
Geosciences: Faculty Publications
The Hayward fault in the San Francisco Bay Area (SFBA) is sometimes considered unusual among continental faults for exhibiting significant aseismic creep during the interseismic phase of the seismic cycle while also generating sufficient elastic strain to produce major earthquakes. Imaging the spatial variation in interseismic fault creep on the Hayward fault is complicated because of the interseismic strain accumulation associated with nearby faults in the SFBA, where the relative motion between the Pacific plate and the Sierra block is partitioned across closely spaced subparallel faults. To estimate spatially variable creep on the Hayward fault, we interpret geodetic observations with …
Response Of A Carbonate Platform To The Cenomanian-Turonian Drowning And Oae 2: A Case Study From The Adriatic Platform (Dalmatia, Croatia),
2012
Croatian Geological Survey
Response Of A Carbonate Platform To The Cenomanian-Turonian Drowning And Oae 2: A Case Study From The Adriatic Platform (Dalmatia, Croatia), Tvrtko Korbar, B. Glumac, Blanka Cvetko Tesovic, Sarah B. Cadieux
Geosciences: Faculty Publications
Global perturbations during the Cenomanian–Turonian boundary (CTB) interval and the Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE 2) represent one of the most extensively studied past environmental changes. To explore the response of various carbonate-platform depositional systems to such major environmental perturbations, strata of the intra-Tethyan Adriatic carbonate platform (sensu stricto) from the island of Bracˇ (Adriatic Sea, Croatia) provide excellent exposures and a previously well-established Upper Cretaceous lithostratigraphic framework. Within this context, this study integrated lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and chemostratigraphy to describe a drowned-platform succession underlain and overlain by peritidal carbonates. Carbon-isotope stratigraphy of this succession revealed a shift towards positive d13C …
Particle Transport Over Rough Hillslope Surfaces By Dry Ravel: Experiments And Simulations With Implications For Nonlocal Sediment Flux,
2012
San Jose State University
Particle Transport Over Rough Hillslope Surfaces By Dry Ravel: Experiments And Simulations With Implications For Nonlocal Sediment Flux, Emmanuel Gabet, Morgan Mendoza
Faculty Publications
Past studies of hillslope evolution have typically assumed that soil creep processes are governed by a linear relationship between local hillslope angle and transport distance. The assumption of “linear diffusion” has fallen out of favor because, when coupled with an expression of mass continuity, it yields unrealistic hillslope profiles. As a consequence, a better understanding of the mechanics of sediment transport is needed. Here we report results from a series of flume experiments performed to investigate sediment transport by dry ravel, a common soil creep process in arid and semiarid environments. We find that, at gentle slopes, transport distances follow …
Mapview And Cross Section Animations,
2012
Brigham Young University
Mapview And Cross Section Animations, Jason Luke
Faculty Publications
Movie 1: A series of time slices animated through the amplitude volume. Movie 2: A series of time slices animated through the semblance volume. Movie 3: Cross section animation from SW-NE through the amplitude volume. Movie 4: Cross section animation from SW-NE through the semblance volume.
Three-Dimensional Seismic Study Of Pluton Emplacement, Offshore Northwestern New Zealand,
2012
Brigham Young University - Provo
Three-Dimensional Seismic Study Of Pluton Emplacement, Offshore Northwestern New Zealand, Jason Allen Luke
Theses and Dissertations
Detailed 3D seismic images of a volcano-plutonic complex offshore northwestern New Zealand indicate the intrusive complex lies in a relay zone between NE-trending en echelon normal faults. A series of high angle normal faults fan out from the margin of the Southern Intrusive Complex and cut the folded strata along the margin. These faults terminate against the margins of the intrusion, extend as much as 1 pluton diameter away from the margin, and then merge with regional faults that are part of the Northern Taranaki Graben. Offset along these faults is on the order of 10s to over 100 meters. …
Projected Surface Raidiative Forcing Due To 2000-2050 Land-Cover Land-Use Albedo Change Over The Eastern United States,
2012
South Dakota State University, U.S. Geological Survey
Projected Surface Raidiative Forcing Due To 2000-2050 Land-Cover Land-Use Albedo Change Over The Eastern United States, Christoper A. Barnes, David P. Roy, Thomas R. Loveland
GSCE Faculty Publications
Satellite-derived contemporary land-cover land-use (LCLU) and albedo data and modeled future LCLU are used to study the impact of LCLU change from 2000 to 2050 on surface albedo and radiative forcing for 19 ecoregions in the eastern United States. The modeled 2000–2050 LCLU changes indicate a future decrease in both agriculture and forested land and an increase in developed land that induces ecoregion radiative forcings ranging from −0.175 to 0.432 W m−2 driven predominately by differences in the area and type of LCLU change. At the regional scale, these projected LCLU changes induce a net negative albedo decrease (−0.001) and …
Sensitivity Analysis Of The Gems Soil Organic Carbon Model To Land Cover Land Use Classification Uncertainties Under Different Climate Scenarios In Senegal,
2012
South Dakota State University
Sensitivity Analysis Of The Gems Soil Organic Carbon Model To Land Cover Land Use Classification Uncertainties Under Different Climate Scenarios In Senegal, Amadou M. Dieye, David P. Roy, N. P. Hanan, S. Lui, M. Hansen, A. Toure
GSCE Faculty Publications
Spatially explicit land cover land use (LCLU) change information is needed to drive biogeochemical models that simulate soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics. Such information is increasingly being mapped using remotely sensed satellite data with classification schemes and uncertainties constrained by the sensing system, classification algorithms and land cover schemes. In this study, automated LCLU classification of multi-temporal Landsat satellite data were used to assess the sensitivity of SOC modeled by the Global Ensemble Biogeochemical Modeling System (GEMS). The GEMS was run for an area of 1560km2 in Senegal under three climate change scenarios with LCLU maps generated using different Landsat …
Georadar-Derived Estimates Of Firn Density In The Percolation Zone, Western Greenland Ice Sheet,
2012
Boise State University
Georadar-Derived Estimates Of Firn Density In The Percolation Zone, Western Greenland Ice Sheet, Joel Brown, John Bradford, Joel T. Harper, W. Tad Pfeffer, Neil Humphrey, Ellen Mosley-Thompson
Geosciences Faculty Publications
Greater understanding of variations in firn densification is needed to distinguish between dynamic and melt-driven elevation changes on the Greenland ice sheet. This is especially true in Greenland’s percolation zone, where firn density profiles are poorly documented because few ice cores are extracted in regions with surface melt.We used geoader to investigate firn density variations with depth along an about 70 km transect through a portion of the accumulation area in western Greenland that partially melts. We estimated electromagnetic wave velocity by inverting reflection travel times picked from common midpoint gathers. We followed a procedure designed to find the simplest …
Thermal Tracking Of Meltwater Retention In Greenland’S Accumulation Area,
2012
University of Wyoming
Thermal Tracking Of Meltwater Retention In Greenland’S Accumulation Area, Neil F. Humphrey, Joel T. Harper, W. Tad Pfeffer
Geosciences Faculty Publications
Poorly understood processes controlling retention of meltwater in snow and firn have important implications for Greenland Ice Sheet’s mass balance and flow dynamics. Here we present results from a 3 year (2007-2009) field campaign studying firn thermal profiles and density structure along an 85 km transect of the percolation zone of west Greenland. We installed one or two thermistor strings at 14 study sites, each string having 32 sensors spaced between 0 and 10 m depth. Data from our network of over 500 sensors were collected at 15-60 min intervals for 1-2 years, thereby recording the thermal signature of meltwater …
Allen-Carlson, Dawn Elaine (Fa 34),
2012
Western Kentucky University
Allen-Carlson, Dawn Elaine (Fa 34), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives
Folklife Archives Finding Aids
Finding aid only for Folklife Archives Project 34. [Dr. Joe Daugherty: collector] Oral history project completed by Dawn Elaine Allen-Carlson concerning the collections of Daugherty for a folk studies class at Western Kentucky University. Contains data sheet, journal, 2 indices, tape summary and transcription.
Ancient Cataclysmic Floods In The Pacific Northwest: Ancestors To The Missoula Floods,
2012
Portland State University
Ancient Cataclysmic Floods In The Pacific Northwest: Ancestors To The Missoula Floods, Erica Medley
Dissertations and Theses
Ancient Cataclysmic Floods were the Ice Age Floods that left erosional and depositional features and preceded the Missoula Floods (15-18,000 ka) in the Pacific Northwest of the United States (Allen et al., 2009). All previously studied ancient sites were visited (14) and new sites (11) were found; four Missoula Flood quarries were also visited; a total of 29 sites were studied in this thesis. The use of calcrete paleosols to provide relative age dates for flood deposits was analyzed in this thesis. Missoula Flood gravel pits were sampled in order to examine the degree of calcrete development in flood deposits …
Soil Mapping On A Swanton Pacific Ranch Rangeland,
2012
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
Soil Mapping On A Swanton Pacific Ranch Rangeland, Thomas N. Witman
Natural Resources Management and Environmental Sciences
Knowledge of soils has become very important in most land based enterprises. The understanding of soils is necessary for all different types of land management projects. The USDA mapped all of the soils in the United States starting in the late 1950’s to provide the necessary information. However because the mappers often times had to map entire counties in short amounts of time ,did not have modern technology, and had rather a vague operating procedure, there was no way to be accurate on the small scaled. To solve this problem I evaluated Dr. Ron Taskey’s landscape hierarchy, a method that …
Investigations Into The Degassing And Eruption Mechanisms Of Nyamuragira Volcano, Democratic Republic Of The Congo (Africa) ,
2012
Michigan Technological University
Investigations Into The Degassing And Eruption Mechanisms Of Nyamuragira Volcano, Democratic Republic Of The Congo (Africa) , Elisabet Marie Head
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open
One of two active volcanoes in the western branch of the East African Rift, Nyamuragira (1.408ºS, 29.20ºE; 3058 m) is located in the D.R. Congo. Nyamuragira emits large amounts of SO2 (up to ~1 Mt/day) and erupts low-silica, alkalic lavas, which achieve flow rates of up to ~20 km/hr. The source of the large SO2 emissions and pre-eruptive magma conditions were unknown prior to this study, and 1994-2010 lava volumes were only recently mapped via satellite imagery, mainly due to the region’s political instability. In this study, new olivine-hosted melt inclusion volatile (H2O, CO2, S, …
Comparison Of Magnetic Properties And Petrography Between Dykes And Lava Flows From La Cienega, New Mexico And Thunder Bay Area, Canada,
2012
Michigan Technological University
Comparison Of Magnetic Properties And Petrography Between Dykes And Lava Flows From La Cienega, New Mexico And Thunder Bay Area, Canada, Elise A. Desplas
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open
Data on the evolution of geomagnetic paleointensity are crucial for understanding the geodynamo and Earth’s thermal history. Although basaltic flows are preferred for paleointensity experiments, quickly cooled mafic dykes have also been used. However, the paleointensity values obtained from the dykes are systematically lower than those from lava flows. This bias may originate from the difference in cooling histories and resultant magnetic mineralogies of extrusive and intrusive rocks. To explore this hypothesis, the magnetic mineralogy of two feeder dyke-lave flow systems, from Thunder Bay (Canada) and La Cienega (New-Mexico), has been studied using magnetic and microscopy methods. Within each system, …
Lava Discharge Rate Estimates From Thermal Infrared Satellite Data At Pacaya Volcano, Guatemala ,
2012
Michigan Technological University
Lava Discharge Rate Estimates From Thermal Infrared Satellite Data At Pacaya Volcano, Guatemala , Hilary A. Morgan
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open
Time-averaged discharge rates (TADR) were calculated for five lava flows at Pacaya Volcano (Guatemala), using an adapted version of a previously developed satellite-based model. Imagery acquired during periods of effusive activity between the years 2000 and 2010 were obtained from two sensors of differing temporal and spatial resolutions; the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), and the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) Imager. A total of 2873 MODIS and 2642 GOES images were searched manually for volcanic “hot spots”. It was found that MODIS imagery, with superior spatial resolution, produced better results than GOES imagery, so only MODIS data were used …
