Mapping Lava Flows From Nyamuragira Volcano (1967-2011) With Satellite Data And Automated Classification Methods,
2012
Eastern Illinois University
Mapping Lava Flows From Nyamuragira Volcano (1967-2011) With Satellite Data And Automated Classification Methods, Elisabet Head, Ann L. Maclean, Simon A. Carn
Faculty Research and Creative Activity
The volume, location and extent of historical lava flows are important when assessing volcanic hazards, as well as the productivity or longevity of a volcanic system. We use a Landsat/Hyperion/ALI dataset and automated classification methods to map lava flows at Nyamuragira volcano (1967-2011) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The humid tropical climate ofNyamuragira is advantageous because its lava flows are emplaced onto heavily forested flanks, resulting in strong contrast between lava and vegetation, which contributes to efficient flow mapping. With increasing age, there is an increase in Landsat band-4 reflectance, suggesting lava flow revegetation with time. This results …
Preservation Of The Seismic Cycle In A Continental Low-Angle Normal Fault: West Salton Detachment Fault, Usa,
2012
Utah State University
Preservation Of The Seismic Cycle In A Continental Low-Angle Normal Fault: West Salton Detachment Fault, Usa, Mitchell R. Prante, Susanne U. Janecke, James P. Evans
Geosciences Presentations
No abstract provided.
Post-Speleogenetic Biogenic Modification Of Gomantong Caves, Sabah, Borneo,
2012
Carleton University
Post-Speleogenetic Biogenic Modification Of Gomantong Caves, Sabah, Borneo, Joyce Lundberg, Donald A. Mcfarlane
WM Keck Science Faculty Papers
The Gomantong cave system of eastern Sabah, Malaysia, is well-known as an important site for harvesting edible bird-nests and, more recently, as a tourist attraction. Although the biology of the Gomantong system has been repeatedly studied, very little attention has been given to the geomorphology. Here, we report on the impact of geobiological modification in the development of the modern aspect of the cave, an important but little recognized feature of tropical caves. Basic modeling of the metabolic outputs from bats and birds (CO2, H2O, heat) reveals that post-speleogenetic biogenic corrosion can erode bedrock by between …
Ua94/6/10 Student / Alumni Personal Papers Wku Carl Ellis,
2012
Western Kentucky University
Ua94/6/10 Student / Alumni Personal Papers Wku Carl Ellis, Wku Archives
WKU Archives Collection Inventories
Scientific notebooks used by Carl Ellis during his years at WKU.
Sea-Level History Of Past Interglacial Periods From Uranium-Series Dating Of Corals, Curaçao, Leeward Antilles Islands,
2012
U.S. Geological Survey
Sea-Level History Of Past Interglacial Periods From Uranium-Series Dating Of Corals, Curaçao, Leeward Antilles Islands, Daniel R. Muhs, John M. Pandolfi, Kathleen R. Simmons, R. Randall Schumann
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
Curaçao has reef terraces with the potential to provide sea-level histories of interglacial periods. Ages of the Hato (upper) unit of the “Lower Terrace” indicate that this reef dates to the last interglacial period, Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5.5. On Curaçao, this high sea stand lasted at least 8000 yr (~126 to ~118 ka). Elevations and age of this reef show that late Quaternary uplift rates on Curaçao are low, 0.026–0.054 m/ka, consistent with its tectonic setting. Ages of ~200 ka for corals from the older Cortalein unit of the Lower Terrace correlate this reef to MIS 7, with paleo-sea …
Soil Genesis On The Island Of Bermuda In The Quaternary:
The Importance Of African Dust Transport And Deposition,
2012
U.S. Geological Survey
Soil Genesis On The Island Of Bermuda In The Quaternary: The Importance Of African Dust Transport And Deposition, Daniel R. Muhs, James R. Budahn, Joseph M. Prospero, Gary Skipp, Stanley R. Herwitz
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
The origin of terra rossa, red or reddish-brown, clay-rich soils overlying high-purity carbonate substrates, has intrigued geologists and pedologists for decades. Terra rossa soils can form from accumulation of insoluble residues during dissolution of the host limestones, addition of volcanic ash, or addition of externally derived, long-range-transported (LRT) aeolian particles. We studied soils and paleosols on high-purity, carbonate aeolianites of Quaternary age on Bermuda, where terra rossa origins have been debated for more than a century. Potential soil parent materials on this island include sand-sized fragments of local volcanic bedrock, the LRT, fine-grained (µm) component of distal loess from the …
East Versus West: Organic Contaminant Differences In Brown Pelican (Pelecanus
Occidentalis) Eggs From South Carolina, Usa And The Gulf Of California, Mexico,
2012
Hollings Marine Laboratory
East Versus West: Organic Contaminant Differences In Brown Pelican (Pelecanus Occidentalis) Eggs From South Carolina, Usa And The Gulf Of California, Mexico, Stacy S. Vander Pol, Daniel W. Anderson, Patrick G.R. Jodice, Joyce E. Stuckey
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
Brown pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis) were listed as endangered in the United States in 1970, largely due to reproductive failure and mortality caused by organochlorine contaminants, such as DDT. The southeast population, P.o. carolinensis, was delisted in 1985, while the west coast population, P.o. californicus, was not delisted until 2009. As fish-eating coastal seabirds, brown pelicans may serve as a biomonitors. Organic contaminants were examined in brown pelican eggs collected from the Gulf of California in 2004 and South Carolina in 2005 using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Contaminants were compared using all individual data as well as …
Strontium Isotope Systematics Of Mixing Groundwater And Oil-Field Brine At
Goose Lake In Northeastern Montana, Usa,
2012
U.S. Geological Survey
Strontium Isotope Systematics Of Mixing Groundwater And Oil-Field Brine At Goose Lake In Northeastern Montana, Usa, Zell E. Peterman, Joanna N. Thamke, Kiyoto Futa, Todd M. Preston
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
Groundwater, surface water, and soil in the Goose Lake oil field in northeastern Montana have been affected by Cl- rich oil-field brines during long-term petroleum production. Ongoing multidisciplinary geochemical and geophysical studies have identified the degree and local extent of interaction between brine and groundwater. Fourteen samples representing groundwater, surface water, and brine were collected for Sr isotope analyses to evaluate the usefulness of 87Sr/86Sr in detecting small amounts of brine. Differences in Sr concentrations and 87Sr/86Sr are optimal at this site for the experiment. Strontium concentrations range from 0.13 to 36.9 mg/L, …
Critique On The Use Of The Standardized Avian Acute
Oral Toxicity Test For First Generation Anticoagulant
Rodenticides,
2012
United States Geological Survey
Critique On The Use Of The Standardized Avian Acute Oral Toxicity Test For First Generation Anticoagulant Rodenticides, Nimish B. Vyas, Barnett A. Rattner
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
Avian risk assessments for rodenticides are often driven by the results of standardized acute oral toxicity tests without regards to a toxicant’s mode of action and time course of adverse effects. First generation anticoagulant rodenticides (FGARs) generally require multiple feedings over several days to achieve a threshold concentration in tissue and cause adverse effects. This exposure regimen is much different than that used in the standardized acute oral toxicity test methodology. Median lethal dose values derived from standardized acute oral toxicity tests underestimate the environmental hazard and risk of FGARs. Caution is warranted when FGAR toxicity, physiological effects, and pharmacokinetics …
Climate Change And Infectious Disease Dynamics,
2012
Pennsylvania State University
Climate Change And Infectious Disease Dynamics, Raina K. Plowright, Paul C. Cross, Gary M. Tabor, Emily Almberg, Leslie Bienen, Peter J. Hudson
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
The International Panel on Climate Change has made an unequivocal case that the earth's climate is changing in profound ways, and that human activities are contributing significantly to climate disruption (IPCC 2007). The weight of evidence demonstrates warming global temperatures, changing patterns of precipitation, and increasing climate variability, with more extreme events. Thus, the physical underpinnings of ecology are changing, with pervasive effects on disease dynamics. Interactions among environment, hosts, and pathogens drive disease processes, and climate change will influence every interaction in this triad, directly and indirectly.
Wildlife Toxicology: Environmental Contaminants And Their National And International Regulation,
2012
Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute
Wildlife Toxicology: Environmental Contaminants And Their National And International Regulation, K. Christiana Grim, Anne Fairbrother, Barnett A. Rattner
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
Wildlife toxicology is the study of potentially harmful effects of toxic agents in wild animals, focusing on amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Fish and aquatic invertebrates are not usually included as part of wildlife toxicology since they fall within the field of aquatic toxicology, but collectively both disciplines often provide inSight into one another and both are integral parts of ecotoxicology (Hoffman et al. 2003). It entails monitoring, hypothesis testing, forensics, and risk assessment; encompasses molecular through ecosystem responses and various research venues (laboratory, mesocosm, field); and has been shaped by chemical use and misuse, ecological mishaps, and biomedical research. …
Sorta Situ: The New Reality Of Management Conditions For Wildlife Populations In The Absence Of "Wild" Spaces,
2012
Wildlife and Conservation Medicine
Sorta Situ: The New Reality Of Management Conditions For Wildlife Populations In The Absence Of "Wild" Spaces, Barbara A. Wolfe, Roberto F. Aguilar, A. Alonso Aguirre, Glenn H. Olsen, Evan S. Blumer
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
The rate of species loss today is approaching catastrophic levels. Scientists project that over the next two decades, more than 1 million species of plants and animals will become extinct. E.O. Wilson has estimated that "the rate ofloss may exceed 50,000 a year, 137 a day ... this rate, while horrendous, is actually the minimal estimate, based on the species/area relationship alone" (Kellert and Wilson 1993, p. 16; Aguirre 2009). Ever-expanding communities, strained natural resources, changes in land use, and other anthropogenic drivers are compromising ecosystems and rapidly changing the landscape and the availability of "wild" spaces.
Agricultural Drought Monitoring In Kenya Using Evapotranspiration Derived From Remote Sensing And
Reanalysis Data,
2012
University of California, Santa Barbara
Agricultural Drought Monitoring In Kenya Using Evapotranspiration Derived From Remote Sensing And Reanalysis Data, Michael T. Marshall, Christopher Funk, Joel Michaelsen
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
More than half of the people in sub-Saharan Africa live on less than US$ 1.25 per day, and nearly 30% do not receive sufficient nourishment to maintain daily health (UN, 2009a). These figures are expected to rise as a result of the recent global financial crisis that has led to an increase in food prices. Food for Peace (FFP), the program that administers more than 85% of U.S. international food aid, recently reported that the seven largest recipient countries of food aid worldwide are in sub-Saharan Africa (FFP, 2010). In Kenya, the fifth largest recipient of food aid from FFP …
Three-Dimensional Hydrostratigraphy Of The Platte River Valley Near Ashland, Nebraska: Results From Helicopter Electromagnetic (Hem) Mapping In The Eastern Nebraska Water Resources Assessment (Enwra),
2012
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Three-Dimensional Hydrostratigraphy Of The Platte River Valley Near Ashland, Nebraska: Results From Helicopter Electromagnetic (Hem) Mapping In The Eastern Nebraska Water Resources Assessment (Enwra), P. R. Hanson, Jesse T. Korus, Dana Divine
Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications
No abstract provided.
Holocene House Hunting: An Application Of Satellite Image Analysis Towards Locating Prehistoric Archeological Sites In Alaska's Brooks Range,
2012
Central Washington University
Holocene House Hunting: An Application Of Satellite Image Analysis Towards Locating Prehistoric Archeological Sites In Alaska's Brooks Range, Joseph Keeney
Undergraduate Honors Theses
In this study, satellite image analysis was applied to archeological sites at Lake Matcharak in the Brooks Range of Alaska. The Goal was to test whether or not satellite remote sensing, which has been successful in locating large-size archeological features, could be applied to small-size prehistoric features found in Arctic Alaska. Using 1-m resolution IKONOS and 30-m resolution ASTER DEM data, vegetation indices (NDVI and tasseled cap) and slope were generated and stacked into one image. Supervised and unsupervised classifications were then applied to the resulting image to look for spectral/slope characteristics that were unique to known site locations at …
Multiple Deformation Mechanisms Operating At Seismogenic Depths: Tectonic Pseudotachylyte And Associated Deformation From The Central Sierra Nevada, California,
2012
Utah State University
Multiple Deformation Mechanisms Operating At Seismogenic Depths: Tectonic Pseudotachylyte And Associated Deformation From The Central Sierra Nevada, California, Mitchell R. Prante, James P. Evans
Geosciences Presentations
No abstract provided.
Geology Of National Parks Modules For The Spreadsheets Across The Curriculum Library,
2012
University of South Florida
Geology Of National Parks Modules For The Spreadsheets Across The Curriculum Library, H. L. Vacher, Thomas C. Juster, Judy Mcllrath, Mark Rains
Geology Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Exploring The Role Of Organic Matter Accumulation On Delta Evolution,
2012
Montclair State University
Exploring The Role Of Organic Matter Accumulation On Delta Evolution, Jorge Lorenzo Trueba, Vaughan Voller, Chris Paola, Robert Twilley, Azure Bevington
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
We explore the role of plant matter accumulation in the sediment column in determining the response of fluvial-deltas to base-level rise and simple subsidence profiles. Making the assumption that delta building processes operate to preserve the geometry of the delta plain, we model organic sedimentation in terms of the plant matter accumulation and accommodation (space made for sediment deposition) rates. A spatial integration of the organic sedimentation, added to the known river sediment input, leads to a model of delta evolution that estimates the fraction of organic sediments preserved in the delta. The model predicts that the maximum organic fraction …
Evolution With Depth From Detrital To Authigenic Smectites In Sediments From And-2a Drill Core (Mcmurdo Sound, Antarctica),
2012
Università degli Studi di Siena
Evolution With Depth From Detrital To Authigenic Smectites In Sediments From And-2a Drill Core (Mcmurdo Sound, Antarctica), Francesco Iacoviello, Giovanna Giorgetti, Fernando Nieto, Isabella Turbanti Memmi
ANDRILL Research and Publications
We have examined the nature and origin of smectites in glaciomarine sediments of the AND-2A drill core (McMurdo Sound, Antarctica) by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses on the clay fraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations and SEM-EDS microanalyses on smectite particles. Relying on the smectite variation throughout the drill core it was possible to split the sequence into three units. Smectites throughout the core are either detrital or authigenic. Detrital smectites are close to montmorillonite-beidellite in composition while newly-formed smectites frequently have higher Fe-Mg contents and intermediate compositions between the saponite and nontronite …
Recovery Of Carbonate Sand Beaches On San Salvador Island, Bahamas From Damage By Hurricane Frances (2004),
2012
Smith College
Recovery Of Carbonate Sand Beaches On San Salvador Island, Bahamas From Damage By Hurricane Frances (2004), H. Allen Curran, Mia Schultz-Baer, Kathryn Durkin, Bosiljka Glumac
Geosciences: Faculty Publications
East Beach and Hanna Bay Beach, located on the northeast coast of San Salvador, were two of the island's beaches most heavily impacted by Hurricane Frances (category 3) on September 2, 2004. A maximum storm surge of 3.1 m was reported for East Beach, with erosion occurring up to 70 m inland from the wave-break line and resulting in scarps cut into dunes of up to 1.5 m height. In January 2005, 5 beach profile stations along 1 km of East Beach and 3 stations along Hanna Bay Beach were established to monitor long-term coastal recovery from hurricane damage. East …
