How To Alleviate Cardiac Injury From Electric Shocks At The Cellular Level,
2022
Old Dominion University
How To Alleviate Cardiac Injury From Electric Shocks At The Cellular Level, Pamela W. Sowa, Aleksander S. Kiełbik, Andrei G. Pakhomov, Emily Gudvangen, Uma Mangalanathan, Volker Adams, Olga N. Pakhomova
Bioelectrics Publications
Electric shocks, the only effective therapy for ventricular fibrillation, also electroporate cardiac cells and contribute to the high-mortality post-cardiac arrest syndrome. Copolymers such as Poloxamer 188 (P188) are known to preserve the membrane integrity and viability of electroporated cells, but their utility against cardiac injury from cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) remains to be established. We studied the time course of cell killing, mechanisms of cell death, and protection with P188 in AC16 human cardiomyocytes exposed to micro- or nanosecond pulsed electric field (μsPEF and nsPEF) shocks. A 3D printer was customized with an electrode holder to precisely position electrodes orthogonal to …
Longitudinal Changes Of Cardiorespiratory Fitness Performance In High School: Association With Individual And School-Based Variables,
2022
Old Dominion University
Longitudinal Changes Of Cardiorespiratory Fitness Performance In High School: Association With Individual And School-Based Variables, Xihe Zhu, Justin A. Haegele, Jinting Shao, Summer Davis
Human Movement Sciences & Special Education Faculty Publications
This study aimed to model adolescents’ cardiorespiratory fitness performance change trajectories longitudinally across high school years and its relation to school- and individual/student-level factors. We employed hierarchical linear modeling to examine longitudinal cardiorespiratory fitness performance changes, as measured by the progressive aerobic capacity endurance run (PACER), over the years, between sexes, and in association with the school-level variables. Participants were 76,227 adolescents from 80 high schools in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. School-level academic performance (SAP), the percent of students eligible for free and reduced-price meals (FARM), and physical education student-faculty ratio were obtained with permission from the …
Eagle Syndrome: Efficacies Of Medical And Surgical Treatments,
2022
Arcadia University
Eagle Syndrome: Efficacies Of Medical And Surgical Treatments, Kirklin Mitchell
Capstone Showcase
Eagle Syndrome is a rare syndrome caused by elongation of the styloid process of the temporal bone or calcification of the stylohyoid ligament occurring in a very small percentage of the population that can cause a wide range of common symptoms, leading to it being often misdiagnosed. While there are no set standards for treating Eagle Syndrome, both pharmaceutical and surgical options exist. Pharmaceutical options are often ineffective in long term treatment so surgery is usually required for full symptom resolution. Transoral and Transcervical surgeries have similar efficacies but each come with important drawbacks when considering which type of surgery …
Single-Cell Analysis Of Aneurysmal Aortic Tissue In Patients With Marfan Syndrome Reveals Dysfunctional Tgf-Β Signaling,
2021
Baylor College of Medicine
Single-Cell Analysis Of Aneurysmal Aortic Tissue In Patients With Marfan Syndrome Reveals Dysfunctional Tgf-Β Signaling, Ashley Dawson, Yanming Li, Yang Li, Pingping Ren, Hernan G. Vasquez, Chen Zhang, Kimberly R. Rebello, Waleed Ageedi, Alon R. Azares, Aladdein Burchett Mattar, Mary Burchett Sheppard, Hong S. Lu, Joseph S. Coselli, Lisa A. Cassis, Alan Daugherty, Ying H. Shen, Scott A. Lemaire
Saha Cardiovascular Research Center Faculty Publications
The molecular and cellular processes leading to aortic aneurysm development in Marfan syndrome (MFS) remain poorly understood. In this study, we examined the changes of aortic cell populations and gene expression in MFS by performing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA seq) on ascending aortic aneurysm tissues from patients with MFS (n = 3) and age-matched non-aneurysmal control tissues from cardiac donors and recipients (n = 4). The expression of key molecules was confirmed by immunostaining. We detected diverse populations of smooth muscle cells (SMCs), fibroblasts, and endothelial cells (ECs) in the aortic wall. Aortic tissues from MFS showed alterations …
Self-Measured Blood Pressure Monitoring: A Patient Empowerment Project,
2021
University of San Diego
Self-Measured Blood Pressure Monitoring: A Patient Empowerment Project, Alison Cusmano
Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Manuscripts
Hypertension is a public health issue estimated to affect 112 million adults by 2030. Primary care patients in an outpatient clinic in Southern California with elevated blood pressure readings in the office did not have an organized system for close follow-up. The purpose of this evidence-based project (EBP) was to educate patients on self-measured blood pressure monitoring (SMBP), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), diet interventions, and healthy weight loss to improve hypertension rates. Through these interventions, patients developed an understanding of their systolic and diastolic blood pressure goals. Nurse practitioners, medical assistants, and licensed vocational nurses screened for high …
Thyroidectomy In Mechanical Circulatory Support - A Salvage Treatment For Thyrotoxicosis-Induced Cardiogenic Shock: Case Series,
2021
Indiana University School of Medicine
Thyroidectomy In Mechanical Circulatory Support - A Salvage Treatment For Thyrotoxicosis-Induced Cardiogenic Shock: Case Series, Rody G. Bou Chaaya, Lauren M. Saint, Onyedika J. Ilonze Md, Mph
The VAD Journal
Amiodarone is frequently used to treat arrhythmias in patients supported with left ventricular assist devices. Long term amiodarone use can cause hyperthyroidism ultimately leading to cardiomyopathy and sometimes thyrotoxicosis-induced cardiogenic shock (CS). We describe two cases of thyrotoxicosis-induced CS rescued by successful thyroidectomy under mechanical circulatory support (MCS) – one with a Heartmate III (Abbott Laboratories) and another supported with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO). In refractory CS, the initiation of V-A ECMO as a bridge to recovery is critical. In thyrotoxicosis-induced CS that is refractory to medical therapy requiring MCS, thyroidectomy is feasible, and a growing body of …
Role Of Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Kinase In Western-Type Diet-Induced Cardiac Outcomes Under Basal And Ischemic Conditions,
2021
East Tennessee State University
Role Of Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Kinase In Western-Type Diet-Induced Cardiac Outcomes Under Basal And Ischemic Conditions, Mary Wingard
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated kinase (ATM), a serine/threonine kinase, plays a role in DNA damage repair, redox sensing, and metabolism. In the heart, ATM contributes significantly in the myocardial infarction (MI)-induced cardiac remodeling with effects on fibrosis, hypertrophy, apoptosis and inflammation. This study investigates the role of ATM deficiency in 14 weeks Western-type diet (WD)-induced cardiac outcomes prior to and 1-day post-MI in a sex-specific manner using wild-type (WT) and ATM heterozygous knockout (hKO) mice. In male mice, ATM deficiency induced rapid body weight gain and preload-associated dysfunction, while WT mice displayed afterload-associated dysfunction 14 weeks post-WD. Myocyte apoptosis and hypertrophy were …
Stimulating The Facial Nerve To Treat Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review,
2021
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Stimulating The Facial Nerve To Treat Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review, Turner S. Baker, Justin Robeny, Danna Cruz, Alexis Bruhat, Alfred-Marc Iloreta, Anthony Costa, Thomas James Oxley
Publications and Research
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a common devastating disease that has increased yearly in absolute number of cases since 1990. While mechanical thrombectomy and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) have proven to be effective treatments, their window-of-efficacy time is very short, leaving many patients with no viable treatment option. Over recent years there has been a growing interest in stimulating the facial nerves or ganglions to treat AIS. Pre-clinical studies have consistently demonstrated an increase in collateral blood flow (CBF) following ganglion stimulation, with positive indications in infarct size and neurological scores. Extensive human trials have focused on trans-oral electrical stimulation …
Adult Spiny Mice (Acomys) Exhibit Endogenous Cardiac Recovery In Response To Myocardial Infarction,
2021
University of Kentucky
Adult Spiny Mice (Acomys) Exhibit Endogenous Cardiac Recovery In Response To Myocardial Infarction, Hsuan Peng, Kazuhiro Shindo, Renée R. Donahue, Erhe Gao, Brooke M. Ahern, Bryana M. Levitan, Himi Tripathi, David Powell, Ahmed Noor, Garrett A. Elmore, Jonathan Satin, Ashley W. Seifert, Ahmed K. Abdel-Latif
Physiology Faculty Publications
Complex tissue regeneration is extremely rare among adult mammals. An exception, however, is the superior tissue healing of multiple organs in spiny mice (Acomys). While Acomys species exhibit the remarkable ability to heal complex tissue with minimal scarring, little is known about their cardiac structure and response to cardiac injury. In this study, we first examined baseline Acomys cardiac anatomy and function in comparison with commonly used inbred and outbred laboratory Mus strains (C57BL6 and CFW). While our results demonstrated comparable cardiac anatomy and function between Acomys and Mus, Acomys exhibited a higher percentage of cardiomyocytes displaying …
A Rare Combination Of Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava And Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return,
2021
Arnot Ogden Medical Center
A Rare Combination Of Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava And Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return, Sang Lee, Bishoy Elbebawy, Neena Joy, George Demosthenes, William Deluccia
Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery
A persistent left superior vena cava (LSCV) is a form of anomalous venous drainage of the superior vena cava into the left atrium. We present a case of LSCV and partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (PAPVR) in a patient with progressively worsening dyspnea on exertion. A 57-year-old female with a history of aortic valve stenosis, and tobacco abuse presented with dyspnea on exertion for 4 days. On presentations her vitals were unremarkable except elevated blood pressure and oxygen saturation of 94% on 5L oxygen. Physical exam was pertinent for 3/6 crescendo-decrescendo murmur with a radiation to the right carotid, mild …
Should Covid Vaccination Be Required In Heart Transplantation & Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation?,
2021
University of Florida
Should Covid Vaccination Be Required In Heart Transplantation & Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation?, Mustafa M. Ahmed, Manjula G. Ananthram, Susan M. Joseph
The VAD Journal
This letter to the editor does not have an abstract.
Engineering Self-Assembling Vascular Constructs For A Membrane Free-Microphysiological System,
2021
LSU Health Sciences Center- New Orleans
Engineering Self-Assembling Vascular Constructs For A Membrane Free-Microphysiological System, Kevin Conrad, Ethan Byrne, Mark Mondrinos
Medical Student Research Poster Symposium
Microvasculature mediates the pathophysiology of nearly every disease, and there is an urgent need to better understand how it impacts the initiation, progression, and conclusion of disease. To this end, it is essential to have a reliable method for constructing vascular networks in vitro which phenotypically resemble the human body. Here we optimize the morphology of self- assembling microvascular networks in collagen-fibrin hydrogels for use in a perfusable, membrane-free organ chip (MFOC). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human lung fibroblasts (HLF) were co-cultured in collagen-fibrin hydrogels and vasculogenesis was observed to begin within 24 hours and continue for …
Combination Therapy With Sodium Nitrite And Hydralazine Attenuates Oxidative Stress In Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction,
2021
LSU Health Sciences Center- New Orleans
Combination Therapy With Sodium Nitrite And Hydralazine Attenuates Oxidative Stress In Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction, Kashyap Koul, Kyle Lapenna, Zhen Li, Jake Doiron, John Wang, Thomas E. Sharp Iii, David J. Lefer
Medical Student Research Poster Symposium
Introduction: Nitric oxide (NO) based therapeutics are powerful cardioprotective agents in the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, NO therapy has failed to exert beneficial effects clinical studies of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), We investigated (1) the effects of the NO donor, sodium nitrite, as a monotherapy, (2) hydralazine monotherapy, a known vasodilator and antioxidant, and (3) combination therapy with both drugs in a murine model of HFpEF assessed of left ventricular (LV) function, exercise tolerance, vascular function and oxidative stress. Methods: Male, C57/BL6N (n=15 per group) were placed on a Western high …
A Protocol And Novel Tool For Systematically Reviewing The Effects Of Mindful Walking On Mental And Cardiovascular Health,
2021
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
A Protocol And Novel Tool For Systematically Reviewing The Effects Of Mindful Walking On Mental And Cardiovascular Health, Dustin W. Davis, Bryson Carrier, Brenna Barrios, Kyle Cruz, James W. Navalta
Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Publications
To our knowledge, no published systematic review has described the effects of mindful walking on mental and cardiovascular health. We have aimed to fill this gap by first establishing our systematic review protocol. Our protocol was adapted from the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and is registered in PROSPERO (Registration Number: CRD42021241180). The protocol is described step-by-step in this paper, which we wrote to achieve three objectives: to adhere to the best practices stated in the PRISMA guidelines, to ensure procedural transparency, and to enable readers to co-opt our protocol for future systematic reviews on mindful …
Periaortic Venous Necklace And Renal Right Double Arteries; Case Report,
2021
OVIDIUS UNIVERSITY FROM CONSTANTA, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY, CONSTANTA, ROMANIA
Periaortic Venous Necklace And Renal Right Double Arteries; Case Report, Petru Bordei, Constantin Andrei Rusali, Constantin Ionescu, Dragos Serban, Valeriu Ardeleanu
Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences
The case was found on an organic sample consisting of the two kidneys with the renal pedicles and the corresponding segments of the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava. From the inferior face of the left renal vein, on the lower side of the aorta, a venous branch with an upward path of 8.02 mm was detached, passing on the anterior face of the aorta, passing before its right side, in order to end on the left side of the inferior vena cava, 13.9 mm above the end of the left renal vein in the inferior vena cava, this branch …
Cardiac Tamponade On Ecpella: A Case Report Of A Unique Hemodynamic Picture,
2021
Indiana University, Indianapolis
Cardiac Tamponade On Ecpella: A Case Report Of A Unique Hemodynamic Picture, Naveed Akhtar, Parth Savsani, Maya Guglin, Roopa Rao
The VAD Journal
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is rapidly becoming a preferred therapy for short-term hemodynamic support in cardiogenic shock, along with the use of devices such as Impella (Abiomed, Andover, MA). The two together can create unique hemodynamics resulting in altered presentation of common hemodynamic conditions such as tamponade. We present a case of a patient with fulminant myocarditis requiring veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and Impella support. The patient later developed a pericardial effusion with atypical tamponade physiology which masked the left ventricular systolic function recovery. We further highlight the complex hemodynamics of cardiac tamponade in patients with such mechanical circulatory support and …
Dietary And Pharmacologic Manipulations Of Host Lipids And Their Interaction With The Gut Microbiome In Non-Human Primates,
2021
University of California, Los Angeles
Dietary And Pharmacologic Manipulations Of Host Lipids And Their Interaction With The Gut Microbiome In Non-Human Primates, Jennifer M. Lang, Leslie R. Sedgeman, Lei Cai, Joseph D. Layne, Zhen Wang, Calvin Pan, Richard Lee, Ryan E. Temel, Aldons J. Lusis
Physiology Faculty Publications
The gut microbiome influences nutrient processing as well as host physiology. Plasma lipid levels have been associated with the microbiome, although the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown, and the effects of dietary lipids on the gut microbiome in humans are not well-studied. We used a compilation of four studies utilizing non-human primates (Chlorocebus aethiops and Macaca fascicularis) with treatments that manipulated plasma lipid levels using dietary and pharmacological techniques, and characterized the microbiome using 16S rDNA. High-fat diets significantly reduced alpha diversity (Shannon) and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio compared to chow diets, even when the diets had different compositions …
Incidental Finding Of Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return Of The Left Upper Lobe, A Rare Anatomical Variation,
2021
Chicago Medical School
Incidental Finding Of Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return Of The Left Upper Lobe, A Rare Anatomical Variation, Anika Dutta, Loren Zuiderveld
Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews
Partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (PAPVR) is a rare congenital abnormality in which 1 to 3 of the pulmonary veins connect to the right atrium rather than the left atrium. In this synthesis of the literature on PAPVR of the left upper lobe, we attempt to illustrate this clinical entity using a case detected incidentally on chest computed tomography, explain the anatomical aspects of this anomaly, and summarize the reported incidence and etiology of left-sided PAPVR. Lastly, differential diagnoses, clinical relevance, and management of left-sided PAPVR are presented. The identification of this variant is important, as it may have serious …
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Β-Cardiac Myosin Mutation (P710r) Leads To Hypercontractility By Disrupting Super Relaxed State,
2021
Stanford University
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Β-Cardiac Myosin Mutation (P710r) Leads To Hypercontractility By Disrupting Super Relaxed State, Alison Schroer Vander Roest, Chao Liu, Makenna M. Morck, Kristina Bezold Kooiker, Gwanghyun Jung, Dan Song, Aminah Dawood, Arnav Jhingran, Gaspard Pardon, Sara Ranjbarvaziri, Giovanni Fajardo, Mingming Zhao, Kenneth S. Campbell, Beth L. Pruitt, James A. Spudich, Kathleen M. Ruppel, Daniel Bernstein
Physiology Faculty Publications
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited form of heart disease, associated with over 1,000 mutations, many in β-cardiac myosin (MYH7). Molecular studies of myosin with different HCM mutations have revealed a diversity of effects on ATPase and load-sensitive rate of detachment from actin. It has been difficult to predict how such diverse molecular effects combine to influence forces at the cellular level and further influence cellular phenotypes. This study focused on the P710R mutation that dramatically decreased in vitro motility velocity and actin-activated ATPase, in contrast to other MYH7 mutations. Optical trap measurements of single myosin molecules revealed …
Off-Pump Heartmate Ii Exchange In A Patient With Severe Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease: A Case Report,
2021
The University of Texas Health Science Center
Off-Pump Heartmate Ii Exchange In A Patient With Severe Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease: A Case Report, Mehmet H. Akay, Ismael A. Salas De Armas, Manish K. Patel, Rajko Radovancevic, Igor D. Gregoric
The VAD Journal
Thrombosis of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) pumps is a serious complication that often requires exchange of the device. A 66-year-old man with severe peripheral vascular disease presented with pump thrombosis of the HeartMate II (HMII) LVAD 1.5 years after implantation. The HMII was exchanged to another HMII through a subcostal incision and without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass. For safety, the patient was prepared for cardiopulmonary bypass by exposing the right subclavian artery and insertion of a 5 FR cannula in the left common femoral vein. The pump was exchanged through a subcostal incision made over the LVAD pump …
