Plant Breeding and Genetics Commons^™

The Pseudomonas Syringae Pv. Tomato Hrpw Protein Has Domains Similar To Harpins And Pectate Lyases And Can Elicit The Plant Hypersensitive Response And Bind To Pectate, Amy O. Charkowski, James R. Alfano, Gail Preston, Jing Yuan, Sheng Yang He, Alan Collmer

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

The host-specific plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae elicits the hypersensitive response (HR) in nonhost plants and secretes the HrpZ harpin in culture via the Hrp (type III) secretion system. Previous genetic evidence suggested the existence of another harpin gene in the P. syringae genome. hrpW was found in a region adjacent to the hrp cluster in P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000. hrpW encodes a 42.9-kDa protein with domains resembling harpins and pectate lyases (Pels), respectively. HrpW has key properties of harpins. It is heat stable and glycine rich, lacks cysteine, is secreted by the Hrp system, and is able to elicit …

Durum Wheat : A Potential New Crop For Western Australia, Alfredo Impiglia, Wal Anderson

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The export orientation of our grains industries and the current favourable position of durum wheat in the world trade make this an opportune time to examine the propsects for durum wheat in Western Australia. Alfredo Impiglia and Wal Anderson summarise the known requirements for consistant production of high quality durum that will lead to the establshment of a new industry in Western Australia.

Intrapopulation Sex Ratio Variation In The Salt Grass Distichlis Spicata, Sarah M. Eppley, Maureen L. Stanton, Richard K. Grosberg

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

In many dioecious plant populations, males and females appear to be spatially segregated, a pattern that is difficult to explain given its potentially high costs. However, in asexually propagating species, spatial segregation of the sexes may be indistinguishable from superficially similar patterns generated by random establishment of a few genets followed by extensive clonal spread and by gender-specific differences in rates of clonal spread. In populations where a significant fraction of individuals are not flowering and gender cannot be assigned to this fraction, apparent spatial segregation of the sexes may be due to differential flowering between the sexes. We confirm …

Genetic Markers In Plant Evolutionary Ecology, Mitchell B. Cruzan

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Genetic markers have provided plant ecologists with a method of assessing levels of genetic relatedness among individuals and populations. In recent years a number of techniques based on DNA sequence variation have been developed to complement allozyme methods that are already widely used. Some of these new markers are more variable than protein-based markers, allowing more precise estimates of genetic differences among individuals and populations. Other DNA-based markers are based on organelle genomes that are inherited uniparentally. These cytoplasmic markers can provide a method for assessing the separate effects of seed and pollen dispersal on gene flow within and among …

Success With Serradella In The Wheatbelt, Clinton Revell, Bradley Nutt, Michael Ewing

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Clinton Revell, Bradley Nutt, and Michael Ewing review the latest developments with new varieties of French serradella and yellow seradella that should provide the basis for productive legume pastures on acidic, sandy soils throughout the wheatbelt of Western Australia

Effect Of Media Constituents On In Vitro Culturing Of Cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata) Shoot Tip And Leaf Disk Explants, Mohanjeet S. Brar, Edwin J. Anderson, Teddy E. Morelock, Ronald W. Mcnew

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Cowpea is an important legume food crop that is commonly grown in Arkansas and numerous other southern states. The application of biotechnological approaches for the improvement of U.S. cowpea genotypes is currently not possible due to the lack of a regeneration and transformation system. Therefore, the first priority of our research efforts is the development of a plant regeneration system that will facilitate plant transformation studies. In an effort to optimize the media requirements for tissue culturing cowpea, we evaluated the in vitro response of shoot tip and leaf disk explants to various levels of Murashige and Skoog (MS) macro …

Factors Affecting Transformation Efficiency Of Poplar Hybrid Line Nc5331 By Agrobacterium Tumefaciens, Xin Y. Li, Feng H. Huang, Edward E. Gbur Jr.

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Acetosyringone, pH, and glucose, which may affect Agrobacterium-mediated gene transformation to poplar hybrid line NC5331, were investigated in an attempt to raise the gene transfer efficiency. The Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain used harbored disarmed vector (pMON9749) carrying a bet-glucuronidase gene and a kanamycin resistant marker. With the addition of acetosyringone at 25 to 75 MuM, the transformation efficiency was significantly enhanced, but dependent on pH. Acetosyringone required a pH above 5.8 to achieve an efficient gene transfer and failed to enhance the transformation at lower pH. However, with addition of both acetosyringone and glucose, the transformation was not affected by pH. …

Evolutionary Implications Of Meiotic Chromosome Behavior, Reproductive Biology, And Hybridization In 6x And 9x Cytotypes Of Andropogon Gerardii (Poaceae), Guillermo A. Norrmann, Camilo L. Quarín, Kathleen H. Keeler

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Andropogon gerardii, big bluestem, has 60 and 90 chromosome cytotypes. Meiosis in the hexaploid was shown to be regular, although some secondary associations of bivalents form. Meiosis in the enneaploid (2n = 9x = 90) is irregular, leading to most gametes having unbalanced chromosome complements. Both cytotypes show considerable self-incompatibility. Cytotypes crossed freely, forming a variety of fertile euploids and aneuploids. Indistinguishable exomorphology, intermixing in natural populations, and compatibility suggest that A. gerardii is best understood as a cytotypically complex single species.

Plant Propagation From Cuttings, Aileen Reid

Bulletins 4000 -

Description on the selection, treatment, disease control and environmental conditions of plant material from which cuttings are taken.

Postpollination Mechanisms Influencing Mating Patterns And Fecundity: An Example From Eichhornia Paniculata, Mitchell B. Cruzan

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Plant mating systems are influenced by the amount and genetic composition of pollen grains deposited on stigmas and by the ability of recipients to discriminate among pollen from different sources. We describe an experimental procedure that uses limiting and excess pollinations with mixtures of genetically marked pollen to partition the siring success of donors into three components: prefertilization gamete attrition (failure of male gametophytes before fertilization), pollen competitive ability (differences in pollen tube growth rate), and postfertilization gamete attrition (embryo abortion). Regression models for the relationships of pollen load size with each pollen's siring success and total recipient fecundity indicate …

Identification Of A Brazil-Nut Allergen In Transgenic Soybeans, Julie A. Nordlee, Steve L. Taylor, Jeffrey A. Townsend, Laurie A. Thomas, Robert K. Bush

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Background: The nutritional quality of soybeans (Glycine max) is compromised by a relative deficiency of methionine in the protein fraction of the seeds. To improve the nutritional quality, methionine-rich 2S albumin from the Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa) has been introduced into transgenic soybeans. Since the Brazil nut is a known allergenic food, we assessed the allergenicity of the 2S albumin.

Methods: The ability of proteins in transgenic and nontransgenic soybeans, Brazil nuts, and purified 2S albumin to bind to IgE in serum from subjects allergic to Brazil nuts was determined by radioallergosorbent tests (four …

A Lighter Shade Of Green: Reproducing Nature In Central Florida, Kevin Archer

All Faculty Scholarship for the School of Graduate Studies and Research

No abstract provided.

Promising Pasture Plants From Overseas, John Lawson

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Farmers from Northampton to Albany were among the 00 visitors to a spring field day at Agriculture Western Austrslis's Medina Research Station, where they saw a collection of promising new and different pasture legumes. These were the products of a highly succesful selection and breeding program based mainly on material collected overseas.

John Lawson highlights the overseas collection aspects of an exciting and rewarding program.

Cotton Rising From The Ashes, Georgina Wilson

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Two hundred thousand dollars worth of quality cotton was deliberately destroyed by burning in the Kimberley last December. The same thing will probably happen again this year, but there will ne no cries of arson and police will not be seeking the perpetrators. Georgina Wilson reports on the emerging cotton industry on the Ord.

Movement Of Crop Transgenes Into Wild Plants, Kathleen H. Keeler, Charles E. Turner, Margaret R. Bolick

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Despite the great potential and increasing importance of other weed control options (Turner et al. 1992) and unwanted environmental side effects of some herbicides, herbicides constitute a very important means of weed control. The escape of herbicide resistance genes to wild, weedy plants could cause more severe weed problems, and presents a very real threat to the efficacy of herbicides as a weed control option. Therefore, management strategies that prevent, or reduce the likelihood and frequency of HRG escape through containment methods are advisable, as are mitigation plans in the event of HRG escape to wild plants.

Remnant Vegetation And Natural Resources Of The Blackwood River Catchment An Atlas, Shaun B. Grein

Agriculture reports

The Blackwood River is one of the longest rivers in the South-West of Western Australia, stretching 300 km from Moordjarrup to August. The catchment covers more than 28,000 square kilometres (2.8 million ha) from the Shire of Kent to the Shire of Augusta-Margaret River. It incorporates 17 shires, more than 30,000 people, 18 Land Conservation District Committees (LCDCs) and 143 sub-catchment groups. Shires within the Blackwood Catchment cover 4.12 million hectares, over half of the total area of the shires that fall within the catchment boundary.

Effects Of Non-Point Nutrient Loading On Planktonic Community Structure And Function In A Great Lakes Coastal Wetland, Brian M. Binion

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the College of Science and Technology at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biology by Brian M. Binion on July 26, 1995.

The Analysis Of Genetically And Physiologically Complex Traits Using Ceratopteris: A Case Study Of Nacl-Tolerant Mutants, Thomas R. Warne, Dale L. Vogelien, Leslie G. Hickok

Faculty Articles

Genetic and physiological complexities associated with salt tolerance in plants have limited progress in the analysis of specific factors responsible for the salt-tolerant phenotype. We have used the homosporous fern Ceratopteris richardii as a model plant to investigate the physiological basis of salinity tolerance by selecting single gene mutants that confer tolerance in the gametophyte generation. The unique genetic system of homosporous ferns permits the generation of mutants in a genetic background nearly isogenic to the wildtype, such that comparative studies with the wildtype can identify specific physiological responses associated with salt tolerance. One of these mutations, stl2, confers …

Effects Of Tactical Responses And Risk Aversion On Farm Wheat Supply, Ross S. Kingwell

Natural Resources Research Articles

A discrete stochastic programming model of the farming system of the eastern wheatbelt of Western Australia is used to examine the effect of tactical responses and risk aversion on wheat supply. Including within-season tactical changes to wheat areas decreases the own-price elasticity of supply. By contrast, introducing risk aversion has no consistent effect on the own-price elasticity of supply. The implications for supply models are discussed.

Planting Seeds For A Sound Future, Peter Portmann

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Royalties have been collected sales of all new crop varieties released in We tern ustralia by the Department of Agriculture since the lease of Merrit lupins and Yilgarn oats in 1991.

Many questions have been raised by farmers about these royalties. Why pay royalties when we have already paid for the development of the varieties through our Grains Research end: Development Corporation levy? Why should we pay a Jevy if it - is just going back into Government revenue? Is there any real benefit to us?

Biotechnology : Exposing The Myths & Realities, Sue Sutherland, Alan Lymbery

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Biotechnology has become one of the buzz words of the 1990s. Sounds impressive but what's it all about? Sue Sutherland and Alan Lymbery unravel some of the jargon and explore its potential for Western Australian agriculture.

Callus Induction And Plant Regeneration Of Commercial Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Cultivars, Jameel M. Al-Khayri, Edwin J. Anderson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Manipulation of agronomic traits at the cellular and molecular levels offers an efficient approach to enhance conventional breeding efforts for rice improvement. Plant regeneration protocols, required for biotechnological applications, have not yet been developed for a number of important rice cultivars. This study was conducted to establish a system for plant regeneration of elite rice cultivars adapted to the southern U.S.A. Callus was induced from dehusked grains of cultivars Alan, Katy, and LaGrue, on MS media containing 0.5, 2, and 4 mg L-1 2,4-D, with 0.5 mg L-1 kinetin or without kinetin. Plant regeneration was accomplished by transferring the callus …

Effect Of Thidiazuron And Benzylaminopurine On In Vitro Shoot Proliferation Of Carnation (Dianthus Caryophyllus L.), Mohanjeet S. Brar, Jameel M. Al-Khayri, Gerald L. Klingaman

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) are among the most widely used cut flowers in the world. Tissue culture techniques offer an efficient method for the micropropagation of carnations. This study was conducted to test the effect of thidiazuron (TDZ) and benzylaminopurine (BAP), artificial cytokinins, on shoot multiplication of two carnation cultivars, Barlo II Nora and Raggio di Sole. Isolated axillary buds were cultured on Gamborg's (B-5) basal medium supplemented with 30 g/L sucrose and 8 g/L agar. The cultures were maintained at a 10-h photoperiod (40 (mu-Em2s-1) and 23°C±2C°. Number of multiple shoots produced was dependent upon the genotype and was …

Adaptation Of Lentil In Western Australia: Germplasm Evaluation In 1994, A. Sarker, K. H.M. Siddique, S P. Loss, Co-Operative Research Centre For Legumes In Mediterranean Agriculture, Department Of Agriculture Western Australia

Grain and other field crops published reports

Lentil is one of the grain legumes with potential for inclusion into Australian farming systems on fine textured, neutral to alkaline soils. It is an important protein source for the large populations of the Indian sub-continent and elsewhere, and the export market potential is excellent. Old Canadian varieties grown on a small scale in Victoria (Laird and Callisto) are poorly adapted to short season WA environments, A number of varieties have recently been selected from ICARDA material and released in Victoria and SA (Digger, Cobber, Matilda and Aldinga), and these have adequate adaptation to commence a lentil industry in WA. …

Grain Legume And Canola Autumn Updates 1995, David Williams

Grain and other field crops published reports

Grain legumes

- Chickpea

- Field pea

- Lentil

- Faba beans

Canola essentials:

Site selection -Paddock selection is critical for a successful canola crop. Avoid paddocks with waterlogging, wind erosion and broadleaf weeds - particularly wild radish, turnip, mustard and doublegees.

Soil type - Canela grows well on most soil types, however it prefers well drained gravel soils, red loams, sandy _loams and deeper duplex soils. Soil pH levels (in CaCl_²) of 4.5 to 8.0 are suitable. Soil test paddock for pH, phosphorus, and potassium levels.

Rotation - Grow canola after manipulated pasture, lupins or other grain …

Growing Lettuce, Margaret Graham

Horticulture published reports

The commonly cultivated lettuce, Lactuca sativa, is an annual belonging to the sunflower family. It has been cultivated for over 2500 years, and is a popular salad vegetable.

There are three main subspecies commonly grown.

• IL. sativa ssp capitata - Head type - Crisphead is a lettuce with a firm head and brittle leaves. It is the major lettuce type grown in Australia and is also known as iceberg lettuce. - Butterhead (buttercrunch, mignonette) lettuce has soft, pale leaves and a delicate buttery flavour. It is of major importance in Europe, where it is grown as a greenhouse crop.
• L. …

New Medics Show Promise In The Northern Wheatbelt, Colin Mcdonald, Bradley Nutt

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

For more than 20 years Cyprus barrel medic has been the mainstay of pastures grown on the medium to heavy red clay loamss of Western Australia'slow rainfall wheatbelt. However, since the early1980s its resistance to aphids has declined followed by reduced productivitymand persistence.

Fortunately, a six year research program at Tenibdewa, near Mullewa, is on target to prove the superiority of Parabinga barrel medic and a mixture of Serena and Santiago burr medics. These varieties, which had not been widley tested in the region, generally out-perform Cyprus in all aspects because of their higher tolerance of aphids.

Gascoyne Research Station Field Day, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Horticulture research reports

Gascoyne Research Station Centenary Open Day Thursday 13 October 1994

100 years (1894-1994) Advancing Agriculture

Welcome to the 1994 Field Day at Gascoyne Research Station. At this day you'll have the opportunity to view and hear discussions of some of the latest Research and Development initiatives in horticulture in the region. We will commence activities at the Packing Shed at 3:00 p.m. with introductions and short discussions of new work which is currently in progress. This will be followed by field talks at the trial sites, as listed in this brochure. We are also pleased to include presentations by leaders …

Developing Improved Varieties Of Subterranean Clover, Phil Nichols, Bill Collins, Dennis Gillespie, Martin Barbetti

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Subterranean clover is widely recognised as the most important pasture legume species in southern Australia, having been sown over about 20 million hectares.

Together with superphosphate and trace elements, it has been a key factor in improving and maintaining soil fertility, and has resulted in dramatic increases in crop, livestock and wool production.

While the value of subterranean clover is well established, it does have some shortcomings.

Many varieties grown today are not sufficiently adapted to the environments and management systems in use. Others lack sufficient pest and disease resistance.

Improved subterranean clovers are being bred with better adaptation and …

Research : Co-Operation Is The New Style, John Hamblin, Ian Maling

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Co-operative Research Centres, or CRCs as they are known, are a new trend in agricultural research. Instead of organisations such as Departments of Agriculture or universities pursuing their own individual research projects, sometimes in competition or covering similar fields, the idea is to combine talents and expertise. CRCs were a Federal Government initiative launched in 1990, and the Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture was the first involving agriculture in Western Australia.