Biotechnology Commons^™

Role Of Sawdust In The Removal Of Iron From Aqueous Solution, Senin H.B., Subhi O., Rosliza R., Kancono N., Azhar M.S., Hasiah S., Nik W.B. Wan

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

Sawdust, inexpensive material has been utilized as an absorbent for the removal of iron from aqueous solution for their safe disposal. The adsorption experiments of untreated sawdust (SD) and treated sawdust (SDC) have been carried out at room temperature using the batch test. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were used to observe sorption phenomena of sawdust in the removal of iron. The results indicate that the sawdust was capable in removing iron in aqueous solution. The results have shown that the Langmuir isotherm was found well fitted into the experimental data as compared to the Freundlich isotherm. It was found …

Improving The Baculovirus Expression Vector System With Vankyrin-Enhanced Technology, Kendra H. Steele, Barbara J. Stone, Kathleen M. Franklin, Angelika Fath-Goodin, Xiufeng Zhang, Haobo Jiang, Bruce A. Webb, Christoph Geisler

Entomology Faculty Publications

The baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) is a widely used platform for the production of recombinant eukaryotic proteins. However, the BEVS has limitations in comparison to other higher eukaryotic expression systems. First, the insect cell lines used in the BEVS cannot produce glycoproteins with complex‐type N‐glycosylation patterns. Second, protein production is limited as cells die and lyse in response to baculovirus infection. To delay cell death and lysis, we transformed several insect cell lines with an expression plasmid harboring a vankyrin gene (P‐vank‐1), which encodes an anti‐apoptotic protein. Specifically, we transformed Sf9 cells, Trichoplusia ni High Five …

Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species In Lipotoxic Hearts Induces Post-Translational Modifications Of Akap121, Drp1 And Opa1 That Promote Mitochondrial Fission, Kensuke Tsushima, Heiko Bugger, Adam R. Wende, Jamie Soto, Gregory A. Jenson, Austin R. Tor, Rose Mcglauflin, Helena C. Kenny, Yuan Zhang, Rhonda Souvenir, Xiao X. Hu, Crystal L. Sloan, Renata O. Pereira, Vitor A. Lira, Kenneth W. Spitzer, Terry L. Sharp, Kooresh I. Shoghi, Genevieve C. Sparagna, Eva A. Rog-Zielinska, Peter Kohl, Oleh Khalimonchuk, Jean E. Schaffer, E. Dale Abel

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

Rationale: Cardiac lipotoxicity, characterized by increased uptake, oxidation and accumulation of lipid intermediates, contributes to cardiac dysfunction in obesity and diabetes. However, mechanisms linking lipid overload and mitochondrial dysfunction are incompletely understood.

Objective: To elucidate the mechanisms for mitochondrial adaptations to lipid overload in postnatal hearts in vivo.

Methods and Results: Using a transgenic mouse model of cardiac lipotoxicity overexpressing long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 1 in cardiomyocytes, we show that modestly increased myocardial fatty acid uptake leads to mitochondrial structural remodeling with significant reduction in minimum diameter. This is associated with increased palmitoyl-carnitine oxidation and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation …

Metal Composites Behaviour Under Biaxial Stresses, Jai J., Berhan M.N.

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

For this study, different volume fraction (vol.%) of particulate alumina (Al2O3)reinforced aluminium alloy (Al 6061) with 5 vol.%, 15 vol.% and 25 vol.% are produced by powder metallurgy method. These samples were subjected to biaxial stresses in order to investigate the behaviour of the metal matrix composites (MMCs). Microstructure analysis on the individual sample before and after loading was performed under scanning electron microscopy. The small particles of 2 µm in size have exhibited strong interfacial bonding with the matrix. The particles of 5 µm in size have shown fractures and debonding interface. Large particles of above 20 µm in …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Pure-Silica- Zeolite-Beta Membrane, Fong Yeong Yin, Bhatia Subhash

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

The semiconductor industry needs low dielectric constant (low k-value) materials to more advance microprocessor and chips by reducing the size of the device features. In fabricate this context, a new material with lower k value than conventional silica ( k = 3.9 - 4.2 ) is needed in order to improve the circuit performance. As per the recent International Semiconductor Technology plan, a low-k material with a k = 1.6 will be needed by 2010. The choice of the inorganic zeolite membrane is an attractive option for low k material and suitable for microprocess application. In the present study, a …

High-Throughput Single-Molecule Telomere Characterization, Jennifer Mccaffrey, Eleanor Young, Katy Lassahn, Justin Sibert, Steven Pastor, Harold Riethman, Ming Xiao

School of Medical Diagnostics & Translational Sciences Publications

We have developed a novel method that enables global subtelomere and haplotype-resolved analysis of telomere lengths at the single-molecule level. An in vitro CRISPR/Cas9 RNA-directed nickase system directs the specific labeling of human (TTAGGG) n DNA tracts in genomes that have also been barcoded using a separate nickase enzyme that recognizes a 7bp motif genome-wide. High-throughput imaging and analysis of large DNA single molecules from genomes labeled in this fashion using a nanochannel array system permits mapping through subtelomere repeat element (SRE) regions to unique chromosomal DNA while simultaneously measuring the (TTAGGG) n tract length at the end of each …

Effect Of Engine Speed On Performance Adn Emissions Of A Dual Chamber Spark Ignition Engine, Rangkuti Chailulillah

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

Effect of Engine Speed on Performance adn Emissions of a Dual Chamber Spark Ignition Engine

Adaptive Finite Element Technique For Viscous Flow Analysis, Dechaumphai Pramote, Sikkhabandit Supatpong

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

Adaptive Finite Element Technique For Viscous Flow Analysis

The Influence Of Culturae On Innovarive Behaviour And Management In Singapore, Yap C.M, Buisson D.H, Garrett T.C

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

The Influence of Culturae on Innovarive Behaviour and Management in Singapore

A New Triterpene Glycoside From The Sea Cucumber Holothuria Scabra Collected In Vietnam, Thanh Nguyen Van, Dang Nguyen Hai, Kiem Phan Van, Cuong Nguyen Xuan, Huong Hoang Thanh, Minh Chau Van

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

Bioassay guided fractionation led to the isolation of a new triterpene glycoside, holothurinogenin B (1) along with three known compounds, holothurin B (2), holothurin A (3), and holothurin A2 (4), from the methanol extract of the Vietnamese sea cucumber Holothuria scabra. Their structures were deduced from the spectral analysis (1D-NMR, 2D-NMR, MS) and chemical evidences.

Influence Of Nitrogen Gas Flow Rate On The Microstructural And Mechanical Properties Of Tin Deposited Carbon Steel Synthesized By Cae, Mubarak A., Hamzah E.

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

This paper reports on the preparation of titanium nitride (TiN) thin films on carbon steel plates, using cathodic arc evaporation CAE PVD technique. We studied and discussed the effect of various nitrogen gas flow rates on microstructural and mechanical properties of TiN-coated carbon steel plates. The coating properties investigated in this work included the surface morphology, thickness of deposited coating, adhesion between the coating and substrate, coating composition, coating crystallography, hardness and surface characterization using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Xray diffraction (XRD) with glazing incidence angle (GIA) technique, scratch tester, hardness testing …

Study Of Y-Chromosome Str Markers In United Arab Emirates Population, Tareq Zeyad Mohammed Ahmed

Theses

The recently introduced 6-dye Yfiler Plus multiplex which includes 27 Y-STR loci (DYS576, DYS389I, DYS635, DYS389II, DYS627, DYS460, DYS458, DYS19, YGATAH4, DYS448, DYS391, DYS456, DYS390, DYS438, DYS392, DYS518, DYS570, DYS437, DYS385 a/b, DYS449, DYS393, DYS439, DYS481, DYF387S1a/b and DYS533) has been used to study 343 UAE Arab male individuals using Yfiler Plus® amplification kit. This set includes seven rapidly mutating loci (RM Y-STRs). These RM Y-STRs are useful for discriminating between closely related and unrelated males.. According to measures of genetic diversity the highest diversity were observed at loci DYS385=(0.94984), DYF387S1=(0.930523) and DYS449=(0.895402). Therefore, these loci should be considered the …

Effect Of The Reciprocating Mass Of Slider-Crank Mechanism On Torsional Vibrations Of Diesel Engine Systems, Pasricha M.S. Pasricha, Hashim F.M.

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

The torsional vibration phenomenon in the running gear of reciprocating engine systems isusually dealt with by considering a series of constant inertias connected by sections of massless shafting. However in reality, a slider crank mechanism is a vibrating system with varying inertia because the effective inertia of the total oscillating mass of each crank assembly varies twice per revolution of the crankshaft. Large variations in inertia torques can give rise to the phenomenonof secondary resonance in torsional vibration of modern marine diesel engines which can not be explained by conventional theory incorporating only the mean values of the varying inertias. …

Creep Analysis Of Bimaterial Microcantilever Beam For Sensing Device Using Artificial Neural Network (Ann), Wong Waichi, Lee Hingwah, Azid Ishak A., Seetharamu K.N.

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

In this study, a feed-forward back-propagation Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is used to predict the stress relaxation and behavior of creep for bimaterial microcantilever beam for sensing device. Results obtained from ANSYS® 8.1 finite element (FE) simulations, which show good agreement with experimental work [1], is used to train the neural network. Parametric studies are carried out to analyze the effects of creep on the microcantilever beam in term of curvature and stress deve loped with time. It is shown that ANN accurately predicts the stress level for the microcantilever beam using the trained ANSYS® simulation results due to the …

Characterisation Of Multicrystalline Solar Cells, Malik A.Q., Hah Chong Chew, Khwang Chan Siang, Ming Lim Chee, Sheng Tan Kha

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

The evaluation and assessment of the performance of photovoltaic (PV) cells in terms of measurable parameters requires the measurement of the current as a function of voltage, temperature, intensity, wind speed and spectrum. Mo st noticeable of all these parameters is the PV conversion efficiency η, defined as the maximum electrical power Pmax produced by the PV cell divided by the incident photon power P in which is measured with respect to standard test conditions (STC). These conditions refer to the spectrum (AM 1.5), solar radiation intensity (1000 Wm-2), cell temperature (25 ±2oC) and wind speed (2 mph). Tests under …

Hedge Algebras: An Algebraic Approach To Domains Of Linguistic Variables And Their Applicability, N.C. Ho N.C.

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

The paper is an overview on an algebraic approach to domains of linguistic variables and somefirst applications to show the applicability of this new approach. In this approach, each linguistic domain can be considered as a hedge algebra (HA for short) and based on the structure of HAs,a notion of fuzziness measure of linguistic hedges and terms can be defined. In order to apply hedge algebras to those problems, the results of which are needed, a notion of semantically quantifying mappings (SQMs) will be introduced. It shown that there is a closed connection between SQMs and fuzziness measure of hedge …

On A Solution To Improve The Object Detection Ability Of Radars By Dynamic Polarization Method, An Nguyen Quoc

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

One of the most importan problems of modern radar is increasing object detection, object distinction ability. In the last years, the used traditional radar signal processing methods are seem to use up. For solving this question, specialists are interested in analyzing the fine structure of radar signal, and the first is po larization structure. The use of polarization information allows to raise the information ability of radar systems and provides high probability of radar objects detection, high contrast of small-scale man-made objects on the radar map and radar objects classification.The article deals with the detection of radar objects by exploiting …

Effect Of Fly Ash Particle Reinfo Rcement On Microstructure, Porosity And Hardness In Al-(Si-Mg) Cast Composites, Harun M.B., Shamsudin S.R., Yazid H., Selamat Z., Sattar M.S., Jalil M.

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

The microstructure of cast Al-4Si-Mg reinforcedwith fly ash particles at various particlecontents has been studied. The composites were fabricated by stir casting process andcharacterized by optical microscopy, image analyzer, scanning electron microscopy and hardness measurements. The results showed that particle contents affected to the presence oforosities and hardness of the composites. It was observed that increasing the fly ash contentincrease the porosity in the composites, with the matrix alloy reinforced with 15 wt.% of fly ash particles having the highest porosity and lowest hardness.

Detection Of Antifungal Compounds In Arabidopsis Thaliana And Brassica Oleracea By Thin Layer Chromatography ., Chong K.P., Mansfield J.W., Bennet M.H., Rossiter J.F.

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) was applied to detect antifungal compounds both in Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica oleracea after elicited by various biotic and abiotic elicitors.From TLC bioassays the only strong zone of inhibition detected after challenged by Pseudomonas syringae pv.maculicola was from Arabidopsis tissue and later confirmed by spectrophotometry as camalexin but no corresponding phytoalexin was found in broccoli leaf.

G-Jitter Induced Free Convection Over A Vertical Flat Plate, Saeid Nawaf H.

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

The effect of the periodic oscillation of the gravitational field, known as g-jitter, on the free convection from a vertical plate is investigated in the present paper. The problem has been simplified by the laminar boundary layer and Boussinesq approximations. The fully implicit finite-difference scheme is used to solve the dimensionless system of the governing equations.The results for laminar flow of air (Pr = 0.72) and water (Pr = 7.00) are presented for different values of the amplitudes and frequencies of the g-jitter. The results presented show the steady periodic variation of Nusselt number and the friction coefficient with the …

Mesoporous Inorganic Membrane Reactor For Oxidative Coupling Of Methane, May N.C, Mohamed A.R, Bhatia S

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

The mesoporous inorganic membrane has been developed and characterized for oxidative coupling of methane reactions. In this research, g-alumina membrane was modified with Lanthanum. The membrane has shown thermal stability in prolonged exposure to the high-temperature application of 600-900°C. The results were confirmed by TGA and OCM experimentations. TGA results showed only 2-3% loss from an initial weight that is mainly due to evaporation of water and release of the nitrate compound. The membrane was also found stable for at least a month of operationwhile the catalyst was being regenerated to regain its activity. The SEM cross-sections show successful deposition …

Associations Of Common -Thalassemia Mutations With -Globin Gene Frameworks In Northern Thailand, Sanguansermsri P, Shimbu D, Wongvilairat R, Sanguansermsri T

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

This study aimed to characterize polymorphism of the b-globin gene (framework) among common b-thalassemia mutations found in northern Thailand. Thirty-one homozygous b-thalassemia major patients admitted to Chiang Mai University Hospital were identified using direct DNA sequencing method. Among 15 patients with homozygous of codon 41/42 (-TCTT), eight were homozygous of framework 1 (FW1), one was homozygous of FW3A, and the remainders were heterozygousof FW1 and FW3A. The gene frequencies of FW1 and FW3A in the patients were 0.733 (22/ 30) and 0.267 (8/30), respectively. All 11 patients with homozygous of codon 17 (A-T) were homozygous of FW3A, while three patients …

Characterization Of Lignin Precipitated From The Soda Black Liquor Of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fibers By Various Mineral Acids, Mohamad Ibrahim M.N, Chuah S.B, Wan Rosli W.D.

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

Soda lignin from oil palm empty fruit bunch was directly isolated by various mineral acids i.e. sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid and nitric acid at three levels of concentration (20% v/v, 60%v/v and concentrated). A comparison study was performed through physicochemical properties and structural features using FT-IR, UV, 13C-NMR and nitrobenzene oxidation. The FT-IR results showed that there is no significant difference between the main structures of the lignin isolated by various acids. However, low concentration of phosphoric acid is preferable because of its highest yield. The S: V: H ratio of 7-15:6-11:1 as evaluated by the nitrobenzene oxidation …

Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis (Dmta) Of Thermoplastic Natural Rubber (Tpnr) Barium Ferrite (Bafe12o19) Composites, Hamdan S, Hasihim D.M.A, Yusop M

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

filled with 0-6 volume percentage of barium ferrite was performed using a Polymer Laboratory- Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analyser (PL-DMTA) over a range of temperature from -100 to 100°C at 10hz. The results showed that the storage modulus (E') of the composites below the transition temperature increase with filler content up to ~3-4 volume percentage. Incorporation of the filler does not change the matrix glass transition that occurs around -40°C but the damping curve becomes broader with increasing filler content. The addition of filler in the compositedoes not affect the glass transition and melting temperature. The blend of TPNR and barium …

Cathodic Electrodeposition And Characterization Of Ni3se2 Thin Films, Anuar K, Zainal Z, Saravanan N, Kartini A.R

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

Nickel selenide thin films have been potentiostatically electrodeposited on titanium substrate at room temperature from aqueous solution containing Ni-EDTA and Na2SeO3. Various deposition potentials were attempted in order to determine the optimum electrodeposition potential. The films were characterised using x-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and the photoactivity of the electrosynthesised films were studied using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The band-gap energy was determined using UV-visible spectroscopy. The XRD analysis indicated the formationof polycrystalline Ni3Se2. The film exhibited p-type semiconductor behaviour with good photosensitivity. The bandgap energy (Eg) was about 1.4eV.

Correlation Between Thermal Diffusivity Variation And Quality Of Cold Preserved Fish, Ansari F.A, Abbas K.A, Megat Ahmad M.M.H

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

The present paper deals with establishment of correlation between thermal behaviour and quality of cold preserved fish. Experiments were designed and transient temperature-time variations were recorded at the center and other three equidistant locations during air blast cooling of slab shaped pieces of fresh water fish. A number of pieces from the same lot were cold preserved at 3°C for a period of 28 days and experiments were repeated daily. Time-temperature records were used to determine thermal diffusivity of each sample using the empirical approach of the first author, reported elsewhere. It was observed that the measured thermal diffusivity increased …

Chemical Precipitation And Coatings Of Tin Selenide, Zainal Z, Saravanan N, Anuar K, Husein M.Z, Yunus W.M.M

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

Tin selenide were prepared chemically in alkaline aqueous solution. The crystalline powder was coated onto microscope glass slides using polyvinyl alcohol solution. The coatings were subjected to annealing at various temperatures to study the effect towards the structure, morphology and composition of the material. The product prepared was characterised using various techniques. The photoresponse for the samples were also studied. The photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell configuration was p-SnSe | (0.01 M K4Fe(CN)6¾0.01 M K3Fe(CN)6.3H2O¾0.1 M Na2SO4| Pt).

Optical Response Of Poly (1,4-Phenylene-1,2-Di (P-Phenoxyphenyl) Vinylene) Towards Oxygen Gas, Mehamod F.S, Daik R, Ahmad M

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

This research involved the synthesis of poly (1,4-phenylene-1,2-di (p-phenoxyphenyl) vinylene), dpop-PDV from di (p-phenoxybenzoyl) benzene compound as the monomer. The potential of the produced polymer as sensing reagent for O2 detection based on fluorescence quenching was studied. Di (p-phenoxybenzoyl) benzene was synthesised via the Friedel-Crafts benzoylationwith terephthaloydichloride and biphenylether as starting materials and anhydrous AlCl3 as the catalyst, while the dpop-PDV was synthesized via the McMurry coupling reaction. The polymerization was carried out in THF with TiCl4 and Zn as the catalyst and reducing agent respectively. Characterization on monomer and polymer had been carried out by using FTIR, GCMS, DSC, …

Newest Kid On The Block: Characterization Of The Novel Multidrugresistant Pathogen, Candida Auris, Lindsey Masone, Susanna Mirabelli

Discovery Day (formerly Post & Beyond)

Candida auris is a novel and emerging fungal pathogen capable of causinginvasive, and often fatal, bloodstream and wound infections in immunocompromised patients. Several outbreaks have been reported in hospitals across the world, including the United States, and predominantly in New York. C.auris exhibits extensive multidrug resistance that has never been seen in any Candida species, and is often misdiagnosed for other Candida species, thus limiting treatment options for patients. Our laboratory obtained 10 C. auris isolates in order to perform in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing and determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) under Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. …

Is Tb Testing Associated With Increased Blood Interferon-Gamma Levels?, Aideen E. Kennedy, Jim O'Mahony, Noel Byrne, John Macsharry, Riona G. Sayers

Department of Biological Sciences Publications

The Republic of Ireland reports a relatively low prevalence of Johne’s disease (JD) compared to international counterparts. Postulated reasons for this include a lower average herd size and a grass-based production system. Ireland also engages in high levels of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) testing. As interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is believed to play a key role in protecting against JD, it is our hypothesis that administration of purified protein derivative (PPD), as part of the bTB test, is associated with a systemic increase in IFN-γ production, which may potentially limit clinical progression of the disease. We studied 265 cows (202 Friesian and 63 …