East Asian Languages and Societies Commons^™

Cleanth Brooks's Theory Of Fiction And His Critical Practice, Feiliang Fu, Shunqing Cao

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Cleanth Brooks' critical study on fiction, especially on William Faulkner's, is a remarkable achievement. Brooks claimed that there is no essential difference between fiction criticism, poetry criticism and drama criticism. In fiction criticism, Brooks' emphases remain on textual skills such as irony, paradox and symbol, taking fiction as an organism that should be independent of the social life and political propaganda, and opposing Romantic sentimentalism. Nevertheless, Brooks also lay great weight to the historical context and geographical environment of an author, emphasizing the influence of an author's life experience and entire body of works on a particular fiction, and attaching …

Discourse Power And The International Status Of Chinese Contemporary Literary And Art Theory, Shengxun Shi

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Discourse power is a problem emerged when Chinese art encounters the Western discourse hegemony. Theoretical expression is crucial to the acquisition and presence of the discourse power over art, while the discourse power over literature and art theory is essential to Chinese art discourse power. International status is an entailing problem of the internationality of discourse power and it encompasses discourse power into the global framework of totality. However, in the global framework of literary and art theory China remains silent, and thus the issue of the international status of Chinese literary and art theory emerges. Chinese theoretical scholars have …

From The Peach Blossom Fan ToThe Classic Of Mountains And Seas: A Way On Chinese Literature Of Professor Shi Ting-Quan (Richare E. Strassberg), Guozhong Peng

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Professor Shi Tingquan (Richare E. Strassberg) in UCLA had been exposed to Chinese culture in his childhood. Later, he studied in Princeton University for his Doctor's degree, his research was on K'ung Shang-ren's play The Peach Blossom Fan and later he wrote a book named The World of K'ung Shang-ren: A Man of Letters in Early Ch'ing China. In the book, he argued that K'ung put many things he had experienced into his play and made it into a semi-biographical play. K'ung's Peach Blossom Fan and the beautiful sceneries of the South Yangtze River depicted in this book further intrigued …

On The Tragic Consciousness Of Chinese Aesthetics, Zhirong Zhu

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

In Chinese aesthetics, tragic consciousness shows as the poetic experience of a subject's empathy with objects, and this experience covers the bereavement or life-long separation, which may also reflect in the melancholic sense for the passing of spring and the coming of autumn in Chinese ancient literary works. The tragic consciousnesses of the literati, the hero and the female have their particular characteristics and inherent spirit. In ancient Chinese tragedies is seen a general transition of spirit from the heroic to the common and secular. On the one hand, this tragic consciousness is deeply influenced and constrained by Chinese cultural …

On The Ways For Literature To Pervade Reality, Xuan Wu

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The paper raises the issue on how valid the traditional categorization of creative methods such as realism, romanticism and modernism can explain the uniqueness and originality of classical writers such as Dostoevsky and Lu Xun etc. It observes that classical writers have shared experience in the originality of literary creation which shows in their unique questions in philosophy or humanity targeting at the social reality of their own time while establishing their own understanding upon the questions and the understanding leads to the unique structuring of literary works. Therefore, a methodological schema can be found between individual concerns, personal understanding …

The Antiquity-Revival Movement And The Study Of Ci-Poetry In The Ming Dynasty, Yi Yu

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The Antiquity-Revival Movement had a profound influence on literature in the Ming Dynasty, which also showed in poetics as the devaluing of poetry written in the Song Dynasty and establishing a direct lineage between the then prevailing Ci-poetry to the ancient poetic tradition of the Han-Wei and Six-Dynasties. Thus, the study of Ci-poetry in Ming Dynasty expanded its scope of exploration into aspects such as the tonal, lyrical and aesthetic qualities in poetry. Due to the inherent affinity between the Ci-poetry in the Southern Song Dynasty and Shi-poetry in the Song Dynasty, the poetics of Ci-poetry in the Ming Dynasty …

The Construction Of Refined-Vulgar Ci-Poetry System In The Northern Song Dynasty With Liu Yong As A Benchmark, Licheng Xu

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Before the Song Dynasty, Ci-poetry was a form of ballad singing, often having an impromptu nature, and therefore it was regarded as a genre of lowbrow literature. Later, scholar-officials in the Northern Song Dynasty were attracted by the new form and tried to make it a literary form to entertain their taste and talent. During the process of legitimization and canonization, Liu Yong, as a representative popular Ci-poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, played a uniquely important role. Scholar-officials identified vulgarity as the characteristic of Liu's ci-poems as they mostly belonged to the popular lowbrow lyrics. The scholar-officials then benchmarked …

The Gestation Of Foundational Meaning In Aesthetical Activities, Yuan Zhu

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

In anthropological aesthetic studies, aesthetic activities in primitive society are usually part of others activities. Aesthetic studies show that art, due to its intuitive nature, is foundational in human practice, and that aesthetic activities are not attached to other activities but underlie all the activities. The conflict between the two theoretical approaches has raised questions which concern whether the original, fundamental and authentic value of aesthetic activities is applicable to primitive society, and whether the primitive people is a people without aesthetic activities. Therefore, there is a need to substantiate the original gestation of the foundational meaning of aesthetic activities …

The Tool And The Entity: The Language Philosophy In Zhuangzi's Aesthetics, Xianglin Yan

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Zhuangzi's critique on language exhibits a deep contradiction in his thinking as he considered language to be both a tool and an entity, despite its dialectical nature. Language is a type of poetic spiritual existence and contributes to the production of culture, and the text of Zhuangzi illustrates Zhuangzi's poetic view of language.

Arabic Language Acquisition Video Materials, David M. Duerden, Dr. Kirk Belnap

Journal of Undergraduate Research

This project built on a National Middle East Language Resource Center (NMELRC) project to provide BYU students, and eventually students around the country, with audio and video exposure to native Arabic speakers and everyday-life situations in the Middle East.

God As One Who “Inhabiteth Eternity” An Examination Of Isaiah 57:15, Jacob Rennaker, Dr. Donald Parry

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The language that people use conveys a myriad of meaning. In examining the language an author uses, for example, one can discover his or her understanding of a subject. This holds true for the author of the book of Isaiah. Isaiah 57:15 contains a curious phrase that is used nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible. Here, God is referred to as One who “inhabiteth eternity.” These words imply a certain understanding of deity. Traditionally, this verse has been interpreted as a metaphor regarding God’s kingship and His transcendence. In a careful examination of the phraseology and context of the verse, …

找 老 家: Documentary Filmmaking And The Search For Chinese Heritage, Gloria Jean Gong, Dr. Matthew Christensen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Due to systematic gender discrimination and the “one-child” policy, the overwhelming majority of Chinese orphans adopted by American families are female. Families choose different ways of familiarizing their adopted daughters with “Chinese culture” and making them aware of their “Chinese heritage.” As a third-generation Chinese-American, I was interested in using participatory filmmaking as a method to examine the issues of identity and cultural heritage that arose as families with adopted Chinese daughters took them back to visit China for the first time.

Chinese Folk Songs: Unrecorded Voices In History, Karin Mei Li Inouye, Dr. Dana Bourgerie

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In the village of Taicang, a small dirt road community tucked between a Ming dynasty capitol and a famous silk city, nationally acclaimed composer Gao Xuefeng combs the countryside rich in rice and fish for century old folk tunes around which he weaves a tapestry of music based on simple, yet haunting melodies. Along the Silk Road where Central Asia meets China, professor Zhou Jie leaves his local home in Kashgar to trek into the harsh mountain climes and the vast reaches of shifting desert to record ancient mukamus—folk tunes—found also in Central Asia, the Middle East, and northern Africa. …

Ticket To Salvation: Nichiren Buddhism In Miyazawa Kenji’S 'Night On The Galactic Railroad' (Ginga Tetsudō No Yoru), Jon P. Holt

World Languages and Literatures Faculty Publications and Presentations

Presentation focuses on the Night on the Galactic Railroad, a classic Japanese novel written by Miyazawa Kenji (1896-1933).

Following His Shadow: The Haiku Of Sant¨Ka, Keith Johnson, Dr. Van C. Gessel

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Apart from an all too brief period of popularity during the early ’80’s, the poetry of Taneda Sant©ka (1882-1940) has languished in relative anonymity. He has yet to enjoy the household-name status of fellow haijin like Bash©, IkkyÅ, Ry©kan, et al. This strikes me as inexcusable and yet somehow expected. The life of Sant©ka was defined more by its defeat, rejection, and loneliness than by its triumph, acceptance or fellowship. What amazed me when I first came upon his work (and continues to amaze me now) was how, despite alcoholicism, poverty, malnutrition, suicidal dementia, emotional desolation and loneliness so sharp …

漢族洪水神話傳說中的神異動物：論鯀禹治水神話及陷湖傳說, Kit Man Poon

Lingnan Theses

洪水，是世界性的神話、傳說母題，中國自古水患頻繁，其中漢族產生大量洪水神話和傳說。鯀禹治水神話和陷湖傳說仍然傳頌至今。

受萬物有靈觀念和動物崇拜影響，人類將動物神格化、形象化，創造大量神異動物。洪水神話傳說中的神異動物擁有怪誕外形和神秘力量，能夠掌治洪災，體現先民的豐富想像和對力量的崇拜。神異動物與人類的互動關係象徵性地展現人類對洪水態度的兩個面向：鯀禹治水神話中全獸形和半人獸形的神祇擔當人類英雄治水的強敵或助力，百靈護佑的禹征伐神異動物反映人類反抗自然的積極精神。陷湖傳說中洪水是神異動物對人類的懲罰，包括報應、報答、報恩三方面的果報概念，呈現神異動物較為人性化的面貌。陷湖傳說中人類不能亦不會逃過洪水，顯示人類無法違背命運的宿命意識，強調神異動物的權威性。除了強烈的宗教意識，陷湖傳說呈現惡者遭殃善者得救的對立，具懲惡揚善的教化作用。陷湖傳說的道德意識結民間信仰，加強傳說的阻嚇性。

歷代的神話和傳說中神異動物以不同形態反覆出現，呈現與人類的不同關係，神異動物在洪水母題中的意義卻未有專門討論。本論文從變形、主題、二元結構三個方面，分析神異動物在鯀禹治水神話和陷湖傳說中扮演的角色及顯示的意義，探討當中的漢族文化思維。

Heian Period Japan As A Role-Playing Game, Alma Eyre, Dr. Jack Stoneman

Journal of Undergraduate Research

My project was intended as source material to aid in a role-playing game. A role-playing game is an avocation activity involving two or more people, with one person playing the role of a game-master (GM) and the rest playing the roles of characters. The player characters (PCs) interact with the world that the game-master describes to them. Players talk to the GM and describe what their characters are doing, while the GM tells the players what their characters observe in reaction. Through GM and player discussion a story develops. This describes the most common format for games labeled “role-playing games”.

We Shall Laugh An Original Translation Of Short Stories By Zakaria Tamer, Neal Spackman, Dr. Dil Parkinson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

I was successful in translating 9 short stories by the Syrian author Zakaria Tamer. Mr. Tamer is a contemporary writer who currently lives in London. His works are known throughout the Middle East but few of them have been translated into English. My translations are the first ones of these stories in English.

Isma`Kuwayyis: Software To Improve Listening Comprehension In Arabic Students, Jason White, Dr. Dilworth Parkinson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In Arabic pedagogy (as in many languages), listening comprehension continues to be an area of frustration for students as well as teachers involved in second language acquisition. The greatest challenge is to allow a student access to authentic material with interaction. Obviously, the resources (natives) for such idealistic activities are very limited. The goal of this software development was to make authentic material available to students and allow for interaction (though somewhat limited), and to make the setup of such activities and materials easier for the professor. Computer-aided instruction cannot replace conversation or live interaction; however, it can and does …

Study Abroad, Gender, And The Speaking Experience How Gender Mediates Speaking Opportunities For Students Studying Abroad In The Middle East, Andrew Smith, Dr. Jennifer Bown

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The study abroad experience as an opportunity to increase learning about a foreign language and culture is becoming more popular in the United States (Gore, 2005; Kinginger, 2009). As a part of this expansion in education, study abroad to the Middle East is growing year after year. Many of these students are embarking on study abroad to Arabic speaking countries with the purpose of making language gains in Arabic. Enrollments in Arabic classes expanded by 126% between 2002 and 2006 (Furman, Goldberg, & Lusin, 2007).

Depictions Of Poverty In Chinese Cinema: Before And After 1949, Anna Moore, Dr. Steven Riep

Journal of Undergraduate Research

After thirty-two years of Communist leadership, Chinese poverty levels reached an unprecedented high when in 1981, 85% of the People’s Republic of China lived in poverty1. In 2009, however, a report from the World Bank indicated that a mere 11.9% of China’s population fell below the poverty line.2 As poverty rates in China have fluctuated dramatically over the last sixty years, cultural, political, and societal perceptions of poverty have also changed. The current study analyzes perceptions of poverty, attributions for poverty, and solutions to poverty as depicted in Chinese cinema.

The Three Gorges Dam: A Perspective On Relocation, Glen T. Porter, Dr. David Honey

Journal of Undergraduate Research

China’s Three Gorges project is much more than the construction of the world’s largest dam. It includes an array of projects ranging from constructing suspension bridges to planting tangerine orchards. The centerpiece of this massive project is a concrete and steel dam that will stand 610 feet high and will be 6,864 feet (1.3 miles) wide.1 The reservoir created by the dam will be a watery ribbon 372 miles long and less than a mile wide. The water will drown 23 8,120 hectares of arable land, 5,025 hectares of tangerine orchards, 657 factories, and 44 ancient ruins.1 The water surface …

Preserving Moral Recognition In The Face Of Aggression: Aikido As A Practice Of Physical Intersubjectivity, Charles W. Wright

Philosophy Faculty Publications

Practitioners of Aikido advance the claim, peculiar to many, that martial training can support moral action. This essay examines the claim by exploring communicative structures implicit in the response to attack made possible by this art's techniques. This exploration reveals three dimensions of intersubjectivity embedded in the practice of Aikido, dimensions that explicate the ethical imperative of the art.

Deficiencies: Mental Disability And The Imagination In Scott's Waverley Novels, Colin Carman

Studies in Scottish Literature

Argues that Walter Scott's novels, especially Waverley and The Heart of Midlothian, represent a shift in Anglo-scottish attitudes towards the mentally ill, and that mental disability, operating in Scott's novels under the guises of idiocy and insanity, was integral to Scott’s articulations of the romantic imagination.

Untitled (2 October 1910), Untitled (6 October 1910), And Untitled (7 October 1910) By Natsume Sōseki, Erik Lofgren

Transference

Translated from the Japanese with commentary by Erik Lofgren.

Cat, Heads, It Takes All Sorts, And Okinawan Scene By Yamanokuchi Baku, Daryl Maude

Transference

Translated from the Japanese by Daryl Maude.

Geta, My House, And Bowing Low (The Promulgation Of The Constitution) By Takamura Kōtarō, Leanne Ogasawara

Transference

Translated from the Japanese with commentary by Leanne Ogasawara.

Direction, Funeral Train, Pain, And When The World Perishes By Yoshiro Ishihara, Goro Takano

Transference

Translated from the Japanese with commentary by Goro Takano.

Beneath The Moss By Fujiwara Shunzei, Roselee Bundy

Transference

Translated from the Japanese with commentary by Roselee Bundy.

Flower On A Grave By Doi Bansui, Nicholas Albertson

Transference

Translated from the Japanese with commentary by Nicholas Albertson.