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Social Workers' Perspectives Of Using Teletherapy To Foster Resilience Among Middle-Class Single Black Mothers, Yvonne Judge Jan 2026

Social Workers' Perspectives Of Using Teletherapy To Foster Resilience Among Middle-Class Single Black Mothers, Yvonne Judge

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Inadequate mental health support, particularly from social workers, disproportionately affects middle-class single Black mothers. Prior studies have examined low-income single mothers’ access to mental health care and the potential of teletherapy as a tool for improving access; however, few have explored how middle-class single Black mothers navigate mental health challenges. Further, there is a lack of research on social workers’ perspectives of using teletherapy to foster resilience among middle-class single Black mothers. This is a critical gap, as social workers play a key role in tailoring mental health interventions. The purpose of this study was to explore social workers’ perspectives …


Staff Education To Expand Clinicians’ Knowledge On The Use Of Depression Screening Tools In A Longterm Care Facility, Abibatu Bakarr Bangai Jan 2026

Staff Education To Expand Clinicians’ Knowledge On The Use Of Depression Screening Tools In A Longterm Care Facility, Abibatu Bakarr Bangai

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Depression exists as a common yet often undetected mental health issue which affects many elderly residents who live in long-term care facilities. The combination of multiple depression screening tools with inadequate staff training leads to delayed resident diagnosis and produces variable treatment methods which raises the possibility of negative results for residents. This Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) project addressed a practice gap related to inconsistent implementation of the Patient Health Questionnaire–2 (PHQ-2) and Patient Health Questionnaire–9 (PHQ-9) through the development and implementation of an evidence-based staff education intervention in a long-term care setting. The research study worked to improve …


2026 Spring Convocation Program, Morehead State University. Office Of Communications & Marketing. Jan 2026

2026 Spring Convocation Program, Morehead State University. Office Of Communications & Marketing.

Communications and Marketing Publications Archive

The 2026 Morehead State University Convocation Program from January 7, 2026.


Enhanced Confocal Microscopy With Physics-Guided Autoencoders Via Synthetic Noise Modeling, Shyam Pokharel Jan 2026

Enhanced Confocal Microscopy With Physics-Guided Autoencoders Via Synthetic Noise Modeling, Shyam Pokharel

All Publications

We present a Physics-guided deep learning framework to address common limitations in Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM), including diffraction-limited resolution, noise, and under sampling due to low laser power conditions. The optical system’s point spread function and primary CLSM image degradation mechanisms, namely photon shot noise, dark current noise, motion blur, speckle noise, and under sampling are explicitly incorporated into the model as physics-based constraints. A convolutional autoencoder is trained with a custom loss function that integrates these optical degradation processes, ensuring that the reconstructed images adhere to physical image formation principles. The model is evaluated on simulated CLSM datasets …


Single‐Use Versus Multiple‐Use Endotracheal Suction Catheters In Mechanically Ventilated Patients: A Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial, Mohamed H. Eid, Kevin Hambridge, Patricia Schofield, Jos M. Latour Jan 2026

Single‐Use Versus Multiple‐Use Endotracheal Suction Catheters In Mechanically Ventilated Patients: A Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial, Mohamed H. Eid, Kevin Hambridge, Patricia Schofield, Jos M. Latour

School of Nursing and Midwifery

BackgroundIn resource-limited settings, single-use open endotracheal suction catheters are commonly used multiple times. The current evidence of this practice on ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) among mechanically ventilated patients remains unclear.AimThe aim of this study was to test the feasibility of single-use and multiple-use endotracheal suction catheters flushed with chlorhexidine versus standard care (multiple-use endotracheal suction catheters flushed with normal saline) to reduce VAP in resource-limited intensive care units (ICUs) and evaluate study methods for designing a future definitive randomised controlled trial (RCT).Study DesignA three-armed feasibility RCT was conducted in three ICUs at a university hospital in Egypt.ResultsSixty mechanically ventilated patients were …


Loss Of Kdm6a-Mediated Genomic Instability And Metabolic Reprogramming Regulates Response To Therapeutic Perturbations In Bladder Cancer, Pratishtha Singh, Ranit D'Rozario, Bidisha Chakraborty, Swadhin Meher, Deblina Raychaudhuri, Aminah J Tannir, Yang Li, Anurag Majumdar, Jessalyn Hawkins, Yun Xiong, Philip Lorenzi, Padmanee Sharma, Kadir Akdemir, Patrick Pilie, Abhinav K Jain, Byron Hing Lung Lee, Sangeeta Goswami Jan 2026

Loss Of Kdm6a-Mediated Genomic Instability And Metabolic Reprogramming Regulates Response To Therapeutic Perturbations In Bladder Cancer, Pratishtha Singh, Ranit D'Rozario, Bidisha Chakraborty, Swadhin Meher, Deblina Raychaudhuri, Aminah J Tannir, Yang Li, Anurag Majumdar, Jessalyn Hawkins, Yun Xiong, Philip Lorenzi, Padmanee Sharma, Kadir Akdemir, Patrick Pilie, Abhinav K Jain, Byron Hing Lung Lee, Sangeeta Goswami

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Mutations in epigenetic regulators are common in bladder cancer, yet their impact on therapeutic responses remains unclear. Here, we identify that loss-of-function mutations in KDM6A, a histone demethylase altered in about 26% of advanced bladder cancers, are associated with poor survival after cisplatin chemotherapy, whereas they correlate with improved outcomes with anti-PD-1 therapy. Using CRISPR-Cas9-engineered murine and human bladder cancer models, we show that KDM6A deficiency increases formation of extrachromosomal circular DNA carrying chemoresistance loci, promoting cisplatin resistance. In parallel, KDM6A loss impairs DNA repair and rewires tumor metabolism, reducing glycolysis and lactate output. This metabolic shift diminishes histone lactylation …


Thermodynamic Stability Modulates Chaperone-Mediated Disaggregation Of Α-Synuclein Fibrils, Celia Fricke, Antonin Kunka, Rasmus K Norrild, Shuangyan Wang, Thi Lieu Dang, Jonas Folke, Mohammad Shahnawaz, Claudio Soto, Susana Aznar, Anne S Wentink, Bernd Bukau, Alexander K Buell Jan 2026

Thermodynamic Stability Modulates Chaperone-Mediated Disaggregation Of Α-Synuclein Fibrils, Celia Fricke, Antonin Kunka, Rasmus K Norrild, Shuangyan Wang, Thi Lieu Dang, Jonas Folke, Mohammad Shahnawaz, Claudio Soto, Susana Aznar, Anne S Wentink, Bernd Bukau, Alexander K Buell

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Aggregation of the intrinsically disordered protein alpha-synuclein into amyloid fibrils and their subsequent intracellular accumulation are hallmark features of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease, for which no curative treatments currently exist. In this study, we investigate the relationship between fibril morphology, thermodynamic stability, and susceptibility to disaggregation by the human chaperone system comprising HSP70, DNAJB1, and Apg2. By varying assembly conditions and incubation times, we generated alpha-synuclein fibrils with diverse morphological and biochemical properties, including a broad range of thermodynamic stabilities, which we quantified using a chemical depolymerization assay. The chaperone system effectively disaggregated three of the four fibril …


Embedding Interprofessional Education In Pediatric Clerkships: Lessons From Nebraska’S Tracking Infant Progress Statewide (Tips) Program, Grace E. Berentson, Liliana Bronner, Paige Hardy, Neil Kalsi, Brianna Brei, Kerry Miller Jan 2026

Embedding Interprofessional Education In Pediatric Clerkships: Lessons From Nebraska’S Tracking Infant Progress Statewide (Tips) Program, Grace E. Berentson, Liliana Bronner, Paige Hardy, Neil Kalsi, Brianna Brei, Kerry Miller

Posters and Presentations: Munroe-Meyer Institute

Background: NICU graduates experience disproportionate developmental and health challenges. Their families face barriers to equitable care including access to coordinated follow-up services. Traditional medical education rarely exposes students to authentic interprofessional models of care that address these inequities. The Tracking Infant Progress Statewide (TIPS) program provides developmental, social, and medical follow-up for NICU graduates across Nebraska, bringing together physicians, nurse practitioners, child developmental specialists, and nurses in a single family-centered visit. Embedding third-year medical students into this setting models collaborative practice, builds understanding of interprofessional competencies, and fosters awareness of systemic inequities affecting NICU families. This innovative curricular approach differs …


Banking On Jarkesy, Jacob Cunningham, Todd Phillips Jan 2026

Banking On Jarkesy, Jacob Cunningham, Todd Phillips

Duke Law Journal Online

The 150-year-old bank regulatory system is under threat. Following the Supreme Court’s landmark decision in Jarkesy, bankers have filed numerous lawsuits challenging the ability of the federal bank regulatory agencies to adjudicate cases in non-Article III tribunals. But unlike the agencies tasked with enforcing the securities, antitrust, and consumer protection laws, the banking regulators lack statutory authority to file cases in federal court. A decision invalidating their in-house adjudicative authority strips of them of any forum in which to file enforcement actions.

This essay argues that these lawsuits should fail. Because the Seventh Amendment jury trial right exempts “public rights,” …


Wcu Digital Commons Accessibility Statement, Julia Doelling Jan 2026

Wcu Digital Commons Accessibility Statement, Julia Doelling

Policy Library

No abstract provided.


Leveraging Wastewater Resource Recovery To Reduce Landfill Organic Loading: Process Modeling, Environmental, And Economic Impact Assessment, Ahmed I. Yunus, Arjun T. Ramshankar, Zainab O. Akinsemoyin, Thomas Igou, Ameet Pinto, George Fu, Yongsheng Chen, Joe F. Bozeman Iii Jan 2026

Leveraging Wastewater Resource Recovery To Reduce Landfill Organic Loading: Process Modeling, Environmental, And Economic Impact Assessment, Ahmed I. Yunus, Arjun T. Ramshankar, Zainab O. Akinsemoyin, Thomas Igou, Ameet Pinto, George Fu, Yongsheng Chen, Joe F. Bozeman Iii

Civil Engineering & Construction: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


Ai Companions And Adolescent Social Relationships: Benefits, Risks, And Bidirectional Influences, Xiaoran Sun, Yunqi Wang, Brandon Mcdaniel Jan 2026

Ai Companions And Adolescent Social Relationships: Benefits, Risks, And Bidirectional Influences, Xiaoran Sun, Yunqi Wang, Brandon Mcdaniel

Health Services and Informatics Research

AI companions (AI-Cs)—rapidly emerging conversational agents built on large language models that can provide personalized humanlike companionship—create unprecedented opportunities for adolescents to form emotional bonds with nonhuman entities during a critical period for social development. In this article, we discuss the interplay between adolescents' use of AI-Cs and their social relationships based on theoretical hypotheses driving research on digital communication and adolescent well-being. We explore the benefits and risks of AI-Cs to social development based on the stimulation hypothesis and the displacement hypothesis: AI-Cs can provide safe spaces for identity exploration and emotional expression, potentially building skills that transfer to …


Partial Threaded Barrel Nut With Hollow Spacing Along Unthreaded Portion Concept, Anonymous Jan 2026

Partial Threaded Barrel Nut With Hollow Spacing Along Unthreaded Portion Concept, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

Current bolts and nuts used to attach vehicle parts experience failure during crash due to bolt over constrained by the nut. New design of barrel nuts to reduce bolt loads under crash events by reducing bolt constraints (more of the bolt shaft can deform) is presented. Update the thread location to be further away from the head and creating a hollow space between the bolt and the nut before the starting of the thread enables bolt to deform more, subsequently reduce shear load, failure risk and keep the integrity of vehicle’s major structures.


System For Accessibility-Optimized Pedestrian Navigation Using A Granular Environmental Data Layer, Kshitij Suresh Gaikar, Pushkar Mittal Jan 2026

System For Accessibility-Optimized Pedestrian Navigation Using A Granular Environmental Data Layer, Kshitij Suresh Gaikar, Pushkar Mittal

Defensive Publications Series

Conventional pedestrian navigation systems may not adequately account for the needs of users with mobility or sensory impairments, often suggesting routes with barriers such as stairs or poor pavement. This disclosure describes a system for accessibility-optimized navigation that can utilize a granular environmental data layer. This data layer can be populated from sources, for example, computer vision analysis, crowdsourcing, and municipal datasets, to annotate map data with accessibility attributes such as surface quality, ramp gradients, and tactile paving. A profile-based routing engine can use this data to compute paths by applying a dynamic cost function tailored to a user's specific …


Dynamic Ai Agent Orchestration For Nl-To-Sql Query Generation, Janga Aliminati, Manny Sanchez Munoz, Sundeep Narravula, Robin Singh Jan 2026

Dynamic Ai Agent Orchestration For Nl-To-Sql Query Generation, Janga Aliminati, Manny Sanchez Munoz, Sundeep Narravula, Robin Singh

Defensive Publications Series

Reliably generating accurate structured query language (SQL) queries from natural language (NL) inputs is a difficult task due to challenges such as schema ambiguity, uncertainty regarding table relationships, complex business logic makes, etc. LLM-based solutions are often unable to operate reliably within complex, real-world enterprise environments with complex datasets. This disclosure describes the use of agentic artificial intelligence (AI) for NL-to-SQL query transformations. A semantic data layer leverages a three-tiered model - attributes, entities and cubes. Attributes define dimensions within a table, entities represent a logical view of data, and cubes act as business objects that abstract the complexity of …


Integrated Road Usage Fee Management Within Digital Navigation Systems, Paula Marques Jan 2026

Integrated Road Usage Fee Management Within Digital Navigation Systems, Paula Marques

Defensive Publications Series

Digital navigation systems may identify routes with fee-based road segments, such as tolls or vignettes, but may not provide an integrated method for payment. This can result in a fragmented and manual process for drivers with varied and unfamiliar payment systems. A system is described for integrating road usage fee management within a digital navigation service. The system can utilize a route analysis engine to identify fees, a client-side geofencing module on a computing device (e.g., a smartphone, smart watch, wearable device, in-vehicle infotainment system, augmented reality glasses, etc.) To detect a vehicle's entry into a fee-based zone, and a …


Continuous Ambient Microphone Calibration Via Opportunistic Broadband Auditory Icons, Rajeev Nongpiur, Chris Breithaupt Jan 2026

Continuous Ambient Microphone Calibration Via Opportunistic Broadband Auditory Icons, Rajeev Nongpiur, Chris Breithaupt

Defensive Publications Series

Performance drift in microphone arrays is often caused by environmental factors such as dust, moisture, and grime accumulating over time. This spectral mismatch degrades the performance of spatial audio algorithms that rely on precise array calibration. To address this limitation, a continuous calibration method is disclosed wherein broadband earcons are opportunistically played through device speakers. Audio responses are recorded by on-device microphones during defined user scenarios. A background model is generated to filter out environmental noise and room reverberation from these recordings. Subsequently, the filtered in-field measurement is compared against a reference factory template to estimate spectral deviation. A calibration …


3d Reconstruction Of Spatial Transcriptomics With Spatial Pattern Enhanced Graph Convolutional Neural Network, Chen Tang, Yuansheng Zhou, Xue Xiao, Lei Dong, Lei Yu, Qiwei Li, Guanghua Xiao, Lin Xu Jan 2026

3d Reconstruction Of Spatial Transcriptomics With Spatial Pattern Enhanced Graph Convolutional Neural Network, Chen Tang, Yuansheng Zhou, Xue Xiao, Lei Dong, Lei Yu, Qiwei Li, Guanghua Xiao, Lin Xu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Spatially resolved transcriptomics (SRT) is a promising new technology that enables simultaneous analysis of gene expression and spatial information for biomedical research. However, the existing statistical and deep learning algorithms used for analyzing SRT data rely solely on two-dimensional (2D) spatial coordinates, which limits their ability to accurately identify spatial domains, spatially variable genes (SVGs), cell-to-cell communications, and developmental trajectories in a three-dimensional (3D) spatial manner. To address these limitations, we introduced Spa3D, which utilized the anti-leakage Fourier transform and graph convolutional neural network model to reconstruct 3D-based spatial structures from multiple 2D SRT slices. We demonstrate that Spa3D is …


Wikipedia And Archival Internships: Preparing Memory Workers For Inclusive Practice, April K. Anderson-Zorn Jan 2026

Wikipedia And Archival Internships: Preparing Memory Workers For Inclusive Practice, April K. Anderson-Zorn

Faculty and Staff Publications – Milner Library

Archival internships guided by the Rayfield Archives offer opportunities for future archivists, public historians, and other memory workers to gain hands-on experience working with historical records and their communities. Along with archival processing, exhibit curation, and metadata, interns can also learn to create authoritative Wikipedia entries for underrepresented members of the ISU community. From its early, grant-funded stages in 2020 to its current iteration as an interactive, guided project, the Wikipedia internship at the Rayfield Archives prepares students for inclusive practice in memory work in the classroom and the field.


Teaching Students How To Access The World: Information Fluency Modules In World Criminal Justice Systems Courses, Grace Allbaugh, Chad M. Kahl, Dawn Beichner Jan 2026

Teaching Students How To Access The World: Information Fluency Modules In World Criminal Justice Systems Courses, Grace Allbaugh, Chad M. Kahl, Dawn Beichner

Faculty and Staff Publications – Milner Library

This presentation discusses a long-term collaboration between Milner Library and the Department of Criminal Justices Sciences to bring information fluency training to students in CJS 369: World Criminal Justice Systems. Learn how it has changed from pen and paper, responded to COVID, and where it's at now.


Experimental And Simulation Analysis For Different Pot-In-Pot Indirect Heating Scenarios For Cooking Applications, Pamella K. Kajumba, Jimmy Chaciga, Denis Okello, Karidewa Nyeinga Jan 2026

Experimental And Simulation Analysis For Different Pot-In-Pot Indirect Heating Scenarios For Cooking Applications, Pamella K. Kajumba, Jimmy Chaciga, Denis Okello, Karidewa Nyeinga

Tanzania Journal of Science

The paper presents simulation and experimental results to demonstrate heat transfer performance during cooking that can be practical in pot-in-pot arrangements for indirect cooking/heating. The cases included single pots, pot-in-pot with oil, and pot-in-pot with no oil. The aim was to optimize the heat transfer through conduction and the cooking process for a recently developed small-scale sensible heat storage system integrated with a cooking unit. Cooking experiments reported were carried out using an electric hot plate with a power rating of 1.8 kW, 220V. Temperature measurements were recorded using a TC-08 data logger. The heating rates were analyzed for the …


Appropriate Wireless Technology For Blue Data Communication To Enhance Artisanal Fishery, Abdi T. Abdalla, Eva Shayo, Angelina Misso, Baraka Maiseli, Kwame S. Ibwe, Narriman Jiddawi, Moses Ismail Jan 2026

Appropriate Wireless Technology For Blue Data Communication To Enhance Artisanal Fishery, Abdi T. Abdalla, Eva Shayo, Angelina Misso, Baraka Maiseli, Kwame S. Ibwe, Narriman Jiddawi, Moses Ismail

Tanzania Journal of Science

The paper examines the development of a system architecture to support smart fishing. This includes the establishment of a blue data center, which would allow government agencies and research institutions to access fisheries data. The goal is to provide policymakers with the tools they need to efficiently manage artisanal fisheries resources. The architecture also incorporates wireless communication components that are suitable for small-scale fishers in remote areas. The study delves into the selection of appropriate wireless communication technology for transmitting fishing data to the communication center. Factors such as coverage range, data rates, and cost implications are taken into consideration. …


Qualitative And Numerical Observations Into The Career Trajectories Of Early Career Academics: A Mathematical Model Approach, Oluwatayo M. Ogunmiloro Jan 2026

Qualitative And Numerical Observations Into The Career Trajectories Of Early Career Academics: A Mathematical Model Approach, Oluwatayo M. Ogunmiloro

Tanzania Journal of Science

This study develops and analyzes a mathematical model that describes the interplay among different researcher groups within academia by focusing on how variables such as mentorship, access to funding, and academic peer influence affect the career trajectories of early-career, experienced, redundant, and successful researchers. Using stability theory and relevant theorems of differential equations, this study ensures the existence, uniqueness, positivity, and boundedness of the model's solutions. Additionally, the model’s equilibrium states, are analyzed to determine the local asymptotic stability. Numerical simulations using the Runge-Kutta fourth-order (RK4) method, implemented in Python, are performed to illustrate issues related to career growth within …


Research And Innovation Update, January 7, 2026, Office Of The Vice President For Research And Innovation Jan 2026

Research And Innovation Update, January 7, 2026, Office Of The Vice President For Research And Innovation

Office of Research, Economic Engagement and Outreach

No abstract provided.


Re: Comment Letter For Draft Clark Tailings Consolidated Waste Management Area (Ctcwma) 2024 Data Summary Report (Dated October 15, 2025), Emma Rott Jan 2026

Re: Comment Letter For Draft Clark Tailings Consolidated Waste Management Area (Ctcwma) 2024 Data Summary Report (Dated October 15, 2025), Emma Rott

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.


Minority Leaders’ Impact On Corporate Diversity And Organizational Change, Nana Kwasi Amponsah Jan 2026

Minority Leaders’ Impact On Corporate Diversity And Organizational Change, Nana Kwasi Amponsah

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Workplace diversity continues to face criticism due to the limited representation of minority groups, with little progress made in the corporate sector. Despite corporations’ efforts to increase diversity and inclusion in the workplace, a notable lack of minority leadership persists in upper management roles. The purpose of this explanatory sequential mixed-method study was to explore the factors that affect the selection of minority leaders and how corporate executives utilize diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) initiatives to foster significant organizational change, even in the face of ongoing underrepresentation in upper management. Social dominance theory, anti-egalitarianism, and social construction theory grounded this …


Serum Protein Signatures For Breast Cancer Detection In Treatment-Naïve African American Women Using Integrated Proteomics And Pattern Analysis, Padma Uppala, Elmer Rivera, Hyun Kwon, Sharon S. Lum Jan 2026

Serum Protein Signatures For Breast Cancer Detection In Treatment-Naïve African American Women Using Integrated Proteomics And Pattern Analysis, Padma Uppala, Elmer Rivera, Hyun Kwon, Sharon S. Lum

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


Priestly Christology And Holiness: Christ’S Priesthood And The Sanctification Of Believers, Adriani Rodrigues Jan 2026

Priestly Christology And Holiness: Christ’S Priesthood And The Sanctification Of Believers, Adriani Rodrigues

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


Centralized Qr Trust Repository (Cqtr) With Merchant Name Uniqueness For Fraud Prevention In Qr Code Payments, Alok Roy Mr Jan 2026

Centralized Qr Trust Repository (Cqtr) With Merchant Name Uniqueness For Fraud Prevention In Qr Code Payments, Alok Roy Mr

Defensive Publications Series

The disclosed systems and methods use a Centralized QR Trust Repository (CQTR) for securing and streamlining merchant onboarding and transaction validation, and to address critical challenges in QR-based payments such as cross-acquirer fraud and counterfeit QR codes system performs transaction validation. At the time of onboarding, merchant details such as merchant or business name, account information, and KYC are collected by client servers and CQTR conducts uniqueness validation to ensure name uniqueness across all acquirers. CQTR performs similarity checks, including fuzzy matching and phonetic analysis and prevents duplicate registrations. After successful validation, CQTR generates and registers unique QR codes static …


Ai-Driven Application Intent For Seamless End-To-End Guaranteed Quality Of Service Packet Forwarding, Jaganbabu Rajamanickam, Madhan Sankaranarayanan, Paul Jensen, Sumant Mali, Krishna Deevi Jan 2026

Ai-Driven Application Intent For Seamless End-To-End Guaranteed Quality Of Service Packet Forwarding, Jaganbabu Rajamanickam, Madhan Sankaranarayanan, Paul Jensen, Sumant Mali, Krishna Deevi

Defensive Publications Series

A next-generation approach to network Quality of Service (QoS) is proposed herein that enables direct, in-band communication of application intent using an innovative extension header, such as an Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) extension header. Using the proposed innovation, applications can embed concise, high-level QoS requirement strings or "intents" (e.g., 'ultra-low latency', 'AI/ML Training', etc.) into packet headers, allowing ingress edge devices to interpret these intents using a local policy database. Advanced matching engines, potentially leveraging machine learning, can enable flexible and semantically rich interpretation of these requirements/intents, surpassing traditional rigid classifications.