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Uncovering Hidden Struggles Among Disaster Survivors In Tanzania: Are They Vulnerable Survivors Or Resilient Victims?, Egidius Kamanyi

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Understanding experiences of disaster survivors as they struggle to bounce back from disaster-caused traumatic experiences, requires concerted and focused efforts involving scholars and practitioners. Developing countries like Tanzania accommodate people who after crisis end up living in misery and not completely recovering. Notwithstanding, however, those labeled resilient or vulnerable usually simply portray a distorted 'face value' reality of the struggles endured. Using a qualitative approach informed by a Chordal Triad of Agency Conceptualization, the paper’s main objective is to uncover hidden struggles among disaster survivors. By recapitulating on the previous study conducted in Kagera14, I extend the argument based on …

Rethinking Marine Resource Management And The Livelihoods Of Artisanal Fishers, Nassoro Rajab Kitunda

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

There are many initiatives, programs and projects based on fishing resource management and improvement of fishing communities. Indeed, all are trying to introduce new forms of fishing as way of improving the marine industry. Nonetheless, there are many things that are either missing or misrepresented in explaining marine resources, especially fishing industry management and subsequent artisanal fishermen’s livelihoods. Because such programs are incompatible and inapplicable, instead of conserving the ocean, they have implications for lives of artisanal fishers and their communities, as the activities displace them so as to access and use the ocean. The study was conducted through qualitative …

Exploration Of The Child Domestic Workers’ Lived Experiences In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Magolanga Shagembe, Thomas Ndaluka

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

This qualitative study, based on a phenomenological design, explored the lived experiences of child domestic workers aged 15 to 18 years in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Children in this age group are above the national and international legal minimum age for admission into light work. The findings of our study indicated that although domestic work is perceived by the child domestic workers as a method for impoverished children between the ages of 15 and 18 to earn money, get experience, and learn new life skills, it also entails loneliness, challenges in assimilating into an unfamiliar social context, and child sexual …

Even A Scorpion Sting Hurts Just As Much: A Sobering Look At Men As Victims Of Intimate Partner Abuse And Violence, Nelson Mwesiga Ishengoma

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

The subject of intimate violence and abuse has piqued the interest of different groups of people, including psychologists, scholars, and human rights activists over the past 45 years. Even though the epidemiological literature has consistently shown that at least one out of every three people who experience intimate partner violence is a male partner, current initiatives have chosen to ignore this fact. Instead, the phenomenon has been described by most of its advocates as a gender-cockeyed social issue, with a man penned in an “offender” position and a woman in that of a “helpless victim”. Consequently, the exploited man and …

Side Effects Of The Coexistence Of Tradition Medicine With Biomedicine In Primary Health Service Delivery In Rural Areas Of Tanzania, Matrona Kabyemela

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

It is approximated that 60-80 per cent of Tanzanians use Traditional Medicine (TM) as their primary source of health services alongside biomedical services. However, there is little information on the side effects of the co-existence of TM with biomedical system to primary health services delivery in Tanzania. By using Helmke and Levitsky’s Model of co-existence of formal and informal institutions in comparative politics, this article argues that the coexistence of TM and biomedicine undermine the delivery of primary health services in rural areas of Tanzania due to abrupt stoppage of using biomedicine among users, concurrent use of TM and biomedicine …

Towards Decolonization Of Evaluation Practices: A Critical Reflection Of Participatory Evaluation Methodologies In Less Developed Countries, Zabron Kengera

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

For many years evaluation practices in less developed countries have been dominated by scientific, top down, quantitative approaches and methodologies. As the result, many evaluation practices in less developed countries have been largely characterized by skewed power relations with poor adoption and utilization of evaluation findings. Several researchers, writers and development professionals agree that participatory evaluation was adopted in Africa and elsewhere in the world as a strategy to address several weaknesses observed in the conventional evaluation practices. Such practices include too much focus on projects and donor funding, lack of inclusion, poor consideration of local variations, lack of transparency, …

The Dynamics Of Faith-Based Organisations’ Healthcare Interventions In Urban Tanzania: An Ethnographic Inquiry Of Direct Aid And Bethel Revival Temple, Mussa S. Muhoja

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

The study examines the ways the new generation of Christian and Muslim Faith-based Organisations (FBOs) have become engaged in the healthcare interventions in Urban Tanzania in recent decades. The study examines character and content of their healthcare interventions as well as religious and professional motivations for their healthcare workers, followers, beneficiaries and management. The study employs the concept of religion as a model for, and model of lived reality by Geertz (1973); and the concept of development as holistic by Bornstein (2005). Ethnographically, the study examines how religious discourses were embodied in social practices, how social and historical processes led …

From De-Emphasizing Public Health And Social Measures For Covid-19 To Vaccine Acceptance: An Analysis Of Two Tanzanian Administration’S Responses To Covid-19, Simon Mutebi

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Recent global public health literature on politics and pandemics has explored the diversity of African political leaders’ responses to COVID-19. In this article, analysis is done of two Tanzanian administrations’ responses to COVID-19 to show how they departed from each other. For instance, the late President John Magufuli’s administration promoted ‘Afrocentric’ medical knowledge, endogenous initiatives, and spiritual prowess while de-emphasizing ‘Western’ biomedical and public health measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19. His successor, President Samia Suluhu Hassan’s administration, however, favoured and promoted public health and social interventions and authorized the importation and use of COVID-19 vaccines in Tanzania. Drawing …

The Psychosocial Experiences Of Unintended Pregnancies Among University Students: A Case Of University Of Dar As Salaam Female Students., Emanuel Ismael Maphie

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Unexpected pregnancies have been reported to increase among youths particularly those in universities. The increase of unintended pregnancies among university students has culminated in a number of challenges including psychological problems. Several studies have been done on the matter but no one has trapped the psychosocial experiences particularly among university female students. The current study aimed to fill this gap by exploring the psychological experiences of unintended pregnancy among female students at the University of Dar as Salaam in Tanzania. A socio-ecological theory applied to sketch and lead the study. To achieve this, the research study used qualitative techniques particularly …

Role Of Social Workers In Identifying Challenges And Developing Skills In Children With Learning Disabilities, Trichal Mamta

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Social work values, ethics, and abilities are crucial for ensuring tailored care and support practice and advocacy based on human rights. For Children with learning disabilities, it is beneficial. The paper focuses on social work skills useful in helping kids with learning disabilities. It describes the main disagreements in the area, such as those over policy and practice. Additionally, it is asserted that social workers are well equipped to do research and engage in clinical treatment that advances social justice and full and meaningful involvement in society. The study's objective is to identify social workers varied supporting and rehabilitative roles …

Public Sector Reform In Tanzania: Implementation Of The National Five-Year Development Plan Towards Social Service Provision, Gelas Rubakula

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Since independence, Tanzania has had a tradition of formulating and implementing long-term and medium-term development plans including the Five-Year Development Plan II (FYDP II) of 2016/17-2020/21. This article aims to assess the implementation of the FYDP II in relation to the provision of social services such as water, health, and education. The empirical question however is whether or not, and to what extent this plan has been implemented. The study thematically analysed secondary data to assess the implementation process. The results show that, to some extent, the implementation was affected by the continued financial dependence on foreign aid and loans, …

The Need Of Online Counselling To Enhance Mental Health Among Students In Higher Learning Institutions In Tanzania, Bernadetha Gabriel Rushahu

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

This study aimed to explore the need of online counselling to enhance mental health among students in higher learning institutions. The study employed a qualitative research approach in which 40 participants were involved. These were purposefully selected from two higher learning institutions in Tanzania - 30 were students and 10 were counsellors. In-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussion were used to collect data from the respondents. The findings revealed that through online counselling, it is easy to access psychosocial therapy, maintain privacy, conduct time/cost-friendly therapy, access services, allow freedom of expression as well as allow easy feedback and follow-up. Also, …

Effectiveness Of Electoral Violence Prevention Mechanisms: Insights From Malawi, Rodrick Henry

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Elections are vital to democracy and democratic consolidation. Ideally, they are peaceful endeavours, allowing voters to express their preferences and winners to take office. However, elections in the Third Wave of democracy often exhibit violence. Election Violence Prevention (EVP) mechanisms have been employed to address conflicts between various actors. Nevertheless, their effectiveness in curbing electoral violence varies across African countries. This paper examines the effectiveness of EVP mechanisms in Malawi, focusing on the Public Affairs Committee, National Initiative for Civic Education, and Multi-party Liaison Committees. The paper argues that EVP mechanisms have been effective in preventing electoral violence. The effectiveness …

Smallholder Orange Farmers’ Access To Market Information In Muheza District, Tanzania, Adolf Julius Mbedule, Hosea N. Mungwabi

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

This study has investigated market information access by smallholder orange farmers in Muheza District, Tanga Region. Specifically, the study sought to examine the extent to which farmers access market information, their sources of information, and whether their age, gender, and level of education influence them. The study used a descriptive research design and a mixed-methods research approach. It involved 103 randomly selected respondents, four key informants and 26 focus group discussion participants divided into two groups, each consisting of 13 participants. To analyze quantitative data, SPSS version 21 was used, and chi-square and logistic regression were run to determine the …

How Power Distancing Mentality Hinders A Citiens Readiness To Report A Witnessed Corruption Incident In Tanania., Eric Clement Mgalula, Audax Kweyamba

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

In this paper, citien’s reportage of corruption means a citien’s readiness to report a witnessed corruption incident to the anticorruption agencies. Citiens’ reportage of corruption is largely conditioned by a free will decision. In this study, the decision to report corruption or not, noted as a critical concern in anti-corruption efforts. The influence of the social-psychological factors, particularly a powerdistancing mind-set on a citizens intentional behaviour to report a corruption event, has been utilized as a method to establish factors that would affect citizens to report witnessed corruption incidents in Tanzania. A case study was used. This paper used qualitative …

Rethinking Marine Resource Management And The Livelihoods Of Artisanal Fishers, Nassoro Rajab Kitunda

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

There are many initiatives, programs and projects based on fishing resource management and improvement of fishing communities. Indeed, all are trying to introduce new forms of fishing as way of improving the marine industry. Nonetheless, there are many things that are either missing or misrepresented in explaining marine resources, especially fishing industry management and subsequent artisanal fishermen’s livelihoods. Because such programs are incompatible and inapplicable, instead of conserving the ocean, they have implications for lives of artisanal fishers and their communities, as the activities displace them so as to access and use the ocean. The study was conducted through qualitative …

Even A Scorpion Sting Hurts Just As Much: A Sobering Look At Men As Victims Of Intimate Partner Abuse And Violence, Nelson Mwesiga Ishengoma

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

The subject of intimate violence and abuse has piqued the interest of different groups of people, including psychologists, scholars, and human rights activists over the past 45 years. Even though the epidemiological literature has consistently shown that at least one out of every three people who experience intimate partner violence is a male partner, current initiatives have chosen to ignore this fact. Instead, the phenomenon has been described by most of its advocates as a gender-cockeyed social issue, with a man penned in an “offender” position and a woman in that of a “helpless victim”. Consequently, the exploited man and …

Uncovering Hidden Struggles Among Disaster Survivors In Tanzania: Are They Vulnerable Survivors Or Resilient Victims?, Egidius Kamanyi

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Understanding experiences of disaster survivors as they struggle to bounce back from disaster-caused traumatic experiences, requires concerted and focused efforts involving scholars and practitioners. Developing countries like Tanzania accommodate people who after crisis end up living in misery and not completely recovering. Notwithstanding, however, those labeled resilient or vulnerable usually simply portray a distorted 'face value' reality of the struggles endured. Using a qualitative approach informed by a Chordal Triad of Agency Conceptualization, the paper’s main objective is to uncover hidden struggles among disaster survivors. By recapitulating on the previous study conducted in Kagera14, I extend the argument based on …

Exploration Of The Child Domestic Workers’ Lived Experiences In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Magolanga Shagembe, Thomas Ndaluka

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

This qualitative study, based on a phenomenological design, explored the lived experiences of child domestic workers aged 15 to 18 years in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Children in this age group are above the national and international legal minimum age for admission into light work. The findings of our study indicated that although domestic work is perceived by the child domestic workers as a method for impoverished children between the ages of 15 and 18 to earn money, get experience, and learn new life skills, it also entails loneliness, challenges in assimilating into an unfamiliar social context, and child sexual …

Side Effects Of The Coexistence Of Tradition Medicine With Biomedicine In Primary Health Service Delivery In Rural Areas Of Tanzania, Matrona Kabyemela

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

It is approximated that 60-80 per cent of Tanzanians use Traditional Medicine (TM) as their primary source of health services alongside biomedical services. However, there is little information on the side effects of the co-existence of TM with biomedical system to primary health services delivery in Tanzania. By using Helmke and Levitsky’s Model of co-existence of formal and informal institutions in comparative politics, this article argues that the coexistence of TM and biomedicine undermine the delivery of primary health services in rural areas of Tanzania due to abrupt stoppage of using biomedicine among users, concurrent use of TM and biomedicine …

The Dynamics Of Faith-Based Organisations’ Healthcare Interventions In Urban Tanzania: An Ethnographic Inquiry Of Direct Aid And Bethel Revival Temple, Mussa S. Muhoja

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

The study examines the ways the new generation of Christian and Muslim Faith-based Organisations (FBOs) have become engaged in the healthcare interventions in Urban Tanzania in recent decades. The study examines character and content of their healthcare interventions as well as religious and professional motivations for their healthcare workers, followers, beneficiaries and management. The study employs the concept of religion as a model for, and model of lived reality by Geertz (1973); and the concept of development as holistic by Bornstein (2005). Ethnographically, the study examines how religious discourses were embodied in social practices, how social and historical processes led …

Pulmonary Obstruction And Age, Not Activity, Associate With Muscle Oxidative Impairment In Smokers With And Without Copd, Alessandra Adami, Fenghai Duan, Robert A. Calmelat, Zeyu Chen, Richard Casaburi, Harry B. Rossiter

Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Background: Low muscle oxidative capacity is an extrapulmonary manifestation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with unclear aetiology. We sought to characterize locomotor muscle oxidative capacity in never smokers and ever smokers with and without COPD and determine clinical and behavioural features associated with low muscle oxidative capacity.

Methods: Two hundred forty-three adults enrolled in the Muscle Health Study, an observational study ancillary to COPDGene. Gastrocnemius oxidative capacity was measured by near-infrared spectroscopy from the muscle oxygen consumption recovery rate constant (k). Physical activity was measured by accelerometry (vector magnitude units [VMU]/min). Pulmonary assessments included spirometry (FEV1%predicted), diffusing capacity (DLCO) …

Mmu: 01/19/26-01/25/26, Student Bar Association

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Dei Initiatives At Colleges And Universities Help Protect Religious Freedom, Mary J. Lomax-Ghirarduzzi

Office of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Publications

At the University of the Pacific and other colleges, DEI offices help provide religious student groups with access to space and resources while ensuring that their existence is welcomed, not grudgingly tolerated.

Longitudinal Analysis Of Body Weight Reveals Homeostatic And Adaptive Traits Linked To Lifespan In Diversity Outbred Mice., G V Prateek, Zhenghao Chen, Kevin Wright, Andrea Di Francesco, Vladimir Jojic, Gary Churchill, Anil Raj

Faculty Research 2026

Dense temporal measurements of physiological health, using simple and consistent assays, are essential to characterize biological processes associated with aging and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions on these processes. We measured body weight in 960 genetically diverse female mice, every 7-10 days over the full course of their lifespan. We used a state space model to characterize the trajectories of body weight throughout life and derived novel traits capturing the dynamics of body weight, 10 of which were both heritable and associated with lifespan. Genetic mapping of these body weight-derived traits identified 5 genomic loci, none of which were previously …

Evaluating The Efficacy Of Aerobic Exercise As Therapy For Depression And Anxiety In Women With Pcos: A Systematic Review, Lorna Evelyn Mansell, Caitlin Fox-Harding, Robert U. Newton, Pedro Lopez Da Cruz, Sara Bayes, Favil Singh

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objective This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of exercise interventions in alleviating depression and anxiety symptoms in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Data sources PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, SportDiscus, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were searched from their inception to July 2025. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Randomised controlled trials were eligible if they examined the effects of exercise lasting ≥4 weeks on validated measures of depression and/or anxiety in women aged 18–45 with PCOS diagnosed using the Rotterdam criteria. Publications not written in English were excluded. Data extraction and synthesis Two reviewers independently extracted data …

Longitudinal Analysis Of Body Weight Reveals Homeostatic And Adaptive Traits Linked To Lifespan In Diversity Outbred Mice., G V Prateek, Zhenghao Chen, Kevin Wright, Andrea Di Francesco, Vladimir Jojic, Gary Churchill, Anil Raj

Faculty Research 2026

Dense temporal measurements of physiological health, using simple and consistent assays, are essential to characterize biological processes associated with aging and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions on these processes. We measured body weight in 960 genetically diverse female mice, every 7-10 days over the full course of their lifespan. We used a state space model to characterize the trajectories of body weight throughout life and derived novel traits capturing the dynamics of body weight, 10 of which were both heritable and associated with lifespan. Genetic mapping of these body weight-derived traits identified 5 genomic loci, none of which were previously …

Introduction: Activist Scholarship As Community-Centered Research For Social Change, Ardavan Eizadirad, Emin Kilinc, Jennifer Straub

Education Faculty Publications

This special issue of Research in Educational Policy and Management (REPAM) highlights, amplifies, and centers Activist Scholarship, bringing together impactful academic research with community advocacy and action that advances social justice. Today’s world presents global, national, and local challenges such as climate change, civil unrest, growing economic divides and polarization, and ongoing discrimination that requires more than just observation, critique, or explanation. Now, more than ever, researchers and practitioners need to collaborate and contribute to making a real difference by leading work that is not only informative but also transformative (Gutierrez & Lipman, 2016; Johnson, 2023). Research as activism, also …

Vol. 70, No. 2 (January 19, 2026)

Indiana Law Annotated

No abstract provided.

Gatos – Xi. Excess Dust Heating In The Narrow-Line Regions Of Nearby Agn Revealed With Jwst/Miri, Houda Haidar, David J. Rosario, Ismael García-Bernete, Almudena Alonso-Herrero, Anelise Audibert, Steph Campbell, Chris M. Harrison, Tiago Costa, Laura Hermosa Muñoz, Françoise Combes, Dimitra Rigopoulou, Claudio Ricci, Cristina Ramos Almeida, Enrica Bellocchi, Peter Boorman, Andrew Bunker, Richard Davies, Daniel Delaney, Tanio Díaz Santos, Federico Esposito, Enrique Lopez Rodriguez, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

We present James Webb Space Telescope/Mid-Infrared Instrument imaging of eight nearby active galactic nuclei (AGN) from the GATOS (Galactic Activity, Torus, and Outflow Survey) survey to investigate the physical conditions of extended dust in their narrow-line regions (NLRs). In four galaxies (ESO 428–G14, NGC 4388, NGC 3081, and NGC 5728), we detect spatially resolved dust structures extending ∼100–200 pc along the NLR. In these systems, we find a strong link between the morphology of the dust, the radio ejecta, and the coronal [Si VI] emission, implying that dust carries imprints of the processes shaping the NLR. Using spatially resolved …