Digital Commons Network^™

The Importance Of After-School Programs For Middle And High School Students, Chelsey Wright

Integrated Studies

After-school programs for middle and high school students have become an important part of today’s education system. They started as safe places for students after-school, but now they also help students succeed academically, develop social and emotional skills, involve families, and offer more learning opportunities. Programs like the 21st Century Community Learning Centers (21st CCLC) are among the largest federally funded after-school efforts in the U.S., focusing on underserved and high-poverty areas. This paper reviews national studies, peer-reviewed research, meta-analyses, dissertations, conference presentations, and insights from practitioners, including an interview with Hillary Bumpus, a program coordinator with ten years of …

From Teleprompter To Table Talk: How Authenticity Is Replacing Perceived Objectivity, Hannah Bullard

Integrated Studies

Abstract

This thesis will be titled “From Teleprompter to Table Talk: How Authenticity is Replacing Perceived Objectivity”. The paper will analyze why the American audience has increasingly begun to shift their trust from traditional media to personality driven sources, primarily podcasts, to receive their news. This paper will dive into the numbers showing an undeniable decline in legacy media viewers and an exponential growth in podcast viewership. Obtaining points of view from multiple sources on media analysis, this thesis will argue that podcasters and other alternative sources of news, create trust with your viewers through authenticity and transparency. Consequentially, it …

Advancing Nanotechnology For Hematological And Osteological Disorders, Chase K. Hamilton

Integrated Studies

When people think of medicine, they often picture stethoscopes, routine clinical checkups, surgeries, and standard prescriptions. One field that needs more acknowledgement is the technological side. As technology continues to evolve, healthcare advances alongside it, with nanotechnology emerging as a substantial area of innovation. This paper reflects the expanding role of nanotechnology in modern medicine, focusing on its potential applications in trauma and internal medicine care and in the treatment of blood and bone disorders as well as bone and blood related cancers. By working at an extremely small scale, nanotechnology allows for more precise and targeted treatment, reducing damage …

Noncommercial Radio: What Wkms Gets Right, Autumn S. Crawford

Integrated Studies

Noncommercial radio is an uncommon form of media in modern times. Free access to news and music is rare when commercials, advertising, and paywalls on news sites have become overwhelmingly normal. Public and noncommercial media offers free access to news and entertainment, but has struggled with funding issues and awareness in recent years. WKMS, a station in western Kentucky, is a National Public Radio (NPR)-affiliated noncommercial station that serves a broad, tri-state region. In January 2026, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting ceased operations due to political-based funding cuts, leaving many NPR-affiliate stations with major budget losses. Given the funding cuts, …

Role Of Trauma-Informed Care In Promoting Child And Family Well-Being, Chloe Goins

Integrated Studies

Children and families all over the world experience trauma in all different ways, including abuse, neglect, instability, family separation, or poverty. Trauma-informed care has been critical within the child welfare system emphasizing the need for social workers to understand the impact of trauma as they navigate solutions that promote healing and not retraumatization. This paper examines the role of trauma-informed care within child welfare systems in establishing ethical and social practice focused on the well-being of the children and their families. Deriving from trauma theory, attachment theory, and research on the neurobiology of trauma this paper digs deep into how …

Understanding Child Development Through Social And Environmental Systems, Collin E. Curling

Integrated Studies

For this 50-page research paper, this study focuses on “The Role of Family Structure in Childhood Development.” The categories examined in this research include: Two-parent households, Single-parent households, Blended/Stepfamilies, Multigenerational households, and Foster and adoptive families. This research seeks to demonstrate the impact of different family structures impact and influence the developmental states of children. Using perspectives from education, economics, psychology, sociology, and public policy, this study argues that the structure of families alone does not determine the development of the child. Instead, factors such as family stability, access to resources, quality of relationships, and cultural context play a huge …

How Baseball Stadium Design Influences Player Performance, Jacob D. Roettgen

Integrated Studies

How Baseball Stadium Design Influences Player Performance

Baseball stadiums on all levels have unique designs and dimensions. The MLB had 45,000+ seats to watch professionals battle it out. College baseball ranges from a field with a couple hundred seats to massive stadiums with almost 20,000. This paper is going to investigate how these dimensions and number of seats can affect player performance. Certain professional stadiums have interesting quirks to their field that provide advantages and disadvantages depending on how it is looked at. For example, Fenway Park, home of the Boston Redsox, has a huge left field wall called “The …

The Impact Of Pre-Primary Education, Hailey Marie Doran

Integrated Studies

Pre-primary schooling is defined as the first stage of organized instruction that introduces young children to an environment similar to school; it aims to ease the transition from home life to a school setting. Daycares and pre-primary education are not mandatory for children. This paper will discuss the impact that pre-primary education has on children’s development and future. The impacts discussed will cover multiple aspects of a child’s holistic development. Children's behavioral, cognitive, social, and emotional development as well academic success will be discussed from both a long-term and short-term perspective. The first five years of a child’s life are …

The Role Of Dental Hygienists In Preventive Care, Chloe Robinson

Integrated Studies

Preventive care is a critical component of overall health, yet oral health is often overlooked within the broader healthcare system. Dental hygienists play a vital role in addressing this gap by providing preventive services, patient education, early disease detection, and advocacy for long-term oral and systemic health. The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of dental hygienists in preventive care and to explore how their responsibilities extend beyond traditional clinical tasks to include education, public health initiatives, and interprofessional collaboration. Through a review of current literature, this paper highlights the impact dental hygienists have on improving patient …

Public Libraries: Communities Need Them To Survive, Genesis Wilson

Integrated Studies

Public libraries continue to play a highly impactful and transformative role in community life, even as digital technologies reshape how individuals access information, participate in civic life, and access social support. The literature consistently shows that public libraries function not only as information centers but also as inclusive community anchors that advance digital equity, civic engagement, lifelong learning, and social well-being. Drawing on research from respected scholars such as Akst, Alemanne et al., Lewis, Elmborg, and Schencker, this literature review integrates key themes related to public libraries as community builders, technology and broadband leaders, and essential social support systems for …

The Benefits And Challenges Of Digital Technology In Smes, Amanda Rux

Integrated Studies

Small organizations play a vital role in global economic stability. While their continued growth is essential, the majority fail within the first few years of operation. These organizations face multiple challenges that are difficult to overcome but can be mitigated by digitalizing their processes. The digitalization process also comes with its own set of challenges, and many of these organizations' attempts to digitalize fail. This paper will describe the types of technology these organizations may use to achieve their digitalization goals, the challenges and benefits that come with these technologies, and how organizational culture can affect their digitalization efforts. The …

From Professional Learning To Classroom Impact: Continuous Professional Development And Student Learning Outcomes, Nyagwegwe Wango, Jane Rarieya

Book Chapters / Conference Papers

Purpose: This study examines how Teacher Continuous Professional Development (TCPD) initiatives implemented through the Strengthening Education Systems in East Africa (SESEA) and Foundation for Learning (F4L) projects influence teaching practices and foundational learning outcomes in Tanzania, Kenya, and Uganda.

Methodology: The study employed a mixed-methods research design using longitudinal data from classroom observations, teacher questionnaires, student assessments, and key informant interviews. Data were collected from trained teachers, teacher educators, school leaders, and learners across selected project regions to evaluate changes in instructional practices and learning outcomes.

Findings: The findings indicate that TCPD significantly improved teachers’ adoption of child-centered, play-based, …

The Utah Reusable Root Module: Evapotranspiration Dynamics And Moisture Sensor Performance In Five-Month Reused Peat-Based Media, Claudia Garrido-Ruiz, Bruce Bugbee, Juan D. González-Teruel, Scott B. Jones

Controlled Environments

Efficient water management is essential for closed-loop food production in space applications. The Utah Reusable Root Module (URRM) is designed to support repeated cropping in the same peat-based growth media. Here, we report moisture sensor performance, nighttime-to-daytime evapotranspiration (ET) rate, yield, and water-use efficiency (WUE) in the Engineering Development Unit (EDU) using Outredgeous lettuce. Five previous crops had been planted in the same media, and this study reports growth and ET from the final crop cycle. Volumetric water content (θ_ᵥ) was monitored using two electromagnetic moisture sensors (CS650 and TEROS ONE) across five root modules (RMs) with multiple …

Silent Longevity: A Rare Case Of Unrepaired Tetralogy Of Fallot In Adulthood, Michelle De La Torre

Bachelor of Science in Diagnostic Ultrasound Projects

This case describes the findings of a 65-year-old patient with unrepaired Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and explores factors contributing to prolonged survival without intervention. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) confirmed the four characteristic anatomical features of Tetralogy of Fallot. The literature indicates that adult survival without surgical repair is rare and influenced by the severity of right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) obstruction, ventricular septal defect (VSD) size, and systemic pulmonary collateral circulation. This case highlights that adults with unrepaired TOF may remain asymptomatic despite significant anatomical abnormalities and emphasizes the importance of equitable multidisciplinary care.

Improving Flood Risk Mapping By Incorporating Local-Scale Calibration Data Derived From Stakeholder Input, Jennifer M. Holifield, Wei Wu, Patrick D. Biber, Margo Posten, Dennis Mcgrury, Stephen C. Deal, Alexandria Hancock

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Globally, flooding is the most frequent and costly natural hazards, disproportionately affecting populations based on environmental, social, and economic factors. Understanding the spatial variability of flood risk as well as the respective flood drivers is essential for informing cost-effective mitigation strategies and enhancing community resilience. Here we mapped flood risk that combines flood hazards and vulnerability in an under-resourced coastal community prone to compound flooding. Our approach integrates stakeholder engagement with GIS-based analysis using open-access datasets.

We first developed an initial flood hazard map using an equal-weight combination of factors commonly associated with flood occurrence/prevention, including upslope area, impervious surface …

Stress-Strain Behavior Of Saturated Clays From Vane Shear Test Results: A Numerical Approach, Gustavo Rodrigues De Avila Oliveira

Master’s Theses

The vane shear test (VST) is widely used to estimate the undrained shear strength of soft cohesive soils; however, it does not directly provide constitutive information such as the stress–strain response. Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), a mesh-free numerical method, offers an attractive alternative for modeling the large deformations involved in the VST and extracting additional information from the test.

This study develops and calibrates a two-dimensional SPH model to simulate the field vane shear test and investigate the stress–strain behavior of soft soils. The VST was implemented within an SPH framework, while field and laboratory data were used to define …

Robert Shea '91-Rusty Spears '81, Robert Shea, Rusty Spears

Alumni Oral History Project

No abstract provided.

Forage Legume Community Dynamics In Response To Stand Management, Nicholas Warren

Doctoral Dissertations

A primary challenge for perennial forage production systems is maintaining crop productivity and forage quality over time. Including legume species in these systems is an opportunity to reduce external inputs, to extend the seasonal productivity of a pasture, and to balance the nutritional characteristics of grass species. However, legume persistence in mixed stands is frequently poor. Identifying harvest practices, legume species, or species mixtures that improve legume persistence would help to maximize the ecosystem services of forages. I conducted a four-year field experiment (2019 to 2022) in southeastern New Hampshire to evaluate the productivity and persistence of four perennial legumes …

Hryniak’S Erosion: Summary Judgment In Ontario, Suzanne Chiodo, Gerard J. Kennedy, Alyssa S. King

All Papers

No abstract provided.

A Period And Cohort Analysis Of Sustained Fertility Decline In The United States, Tyrus Parker

Doctoral Dissertations

Fertility rates in the United States have declined by 21 percent since the most recent peak in 2007. Despite more childbearing-aged women in the United States, this fertility rate decline has resulted in fewer births. Tracking these shifts is not a purely demographic exercise. Rather, a declining number of births has wide-ranging effects on society, including school closures, loss of labor and delivery centers, and eventually labor force implications as the number of workers shrinks. To examine the causes of modern fertility decline, this dissertation contains three interrelated analyses. I first examine population-wide fertility trends using data from the Center …

Dokdo/Takeshima And Maritime Delimitation Between The Republic Of Korea And Japan: A Comment On Icj Dispute Resolution, Katherine Angell

Celebrating WCL Student Authors

The Republic of Korea (Korea) should agree to submit the issue of sovereignty over Dokdo/Takeshima and the issue of maritime delimitation in the East Sea/Sea of Japan to the International Court of Justice (ICJ) because the ICJ is likely to decide that Dokdo/Takeshima is Korean territory and the tensions in the East Sea/Sea of Japan can be resolved to allow further cooperation between the two nations. The ICJ is the primary avenue for peacefully resolving territorial and maritime delimitation disputes between nations, and the ICJ has developed a substantial body of case law analyzing these issues. The ICJ considers various …

Ashley Hanson '82-Robert Shea '91, Ashley Hanson, Robert Shea

Alumni Oral History Project

No abstract provided.

Perception Of Posed And Naturally Occurring Emotion Expressions In Close Friendships, Kaitlyn M. Mcmullen

Doctoral Dissertations

While relationships are critical to our daily emotional lives, the limited research on emotion perception among close friends presents inconsistent evidence concerning whether differences exist between close friends and strangers. The present work examined the ways in which familiarity between close friends’ shapes emotion perception. In Study 1a, expressors provided both naturally occurring and dynamic posed emotion expressions for seven emotion categories (anger, sadness, fear, disgust, happiness, surprise, and neutral) in order to develop a stimulus set where the stereotypicality of the expressions varies within-subjects. In Study 1b, a self-identified close friend of each expressor viewed and rated the expressions …

Unified Attack Modeling And Mitigation Framework For Multiple Physical Attacks In Sensor Networks For Advanced Manufacturing, Mohammad Mezanur Rahman Monjur

Doctoral Dissertations

The advanced manufacturing industry (AMI) faces unique challenges in security assurance. Security threats in AMI can originate from both software and hardware. Over the past decade, software security has been addressed extensively, but hardware security has not received enough attention. This work focuses on the security vulnerabilities of typical electronic devices deployed to AMI. Three attack models are proposed to characterize sensing nodes, local processing edge devices, and wired/wireless communication interfaces. Moreover, practical security attacks on hardware are demonstrated to inspire the development of feasible countermeasures against common physical attacks. To explore effective attack mitigation methods, we examine two attack …

The Garden Of The Machine: Simulated Wildness And Digital Domestication In American Literature 1970-2020, Cameron Netland

Doctoral Dissertations

Studying American literature produced during the Information Age, from 1970 to 2020, reveals an evolution of wild human resistance to the increasing powers of digital technology. These increasing powers include capturing attention, fostering dependence, and training behavior through a process I call digital domestication. Digital domestication distances people from wildness, and as William Cronon writes in “The Trouble with Wilderness”, “Learning to honor the wild—learning to remember and acknowledge the autonomy of the other—means striving for critical self-consciousness in all of our actions.” (20). Through this framework of wildness, one reads characters in fictional narratives resisting non-coercive new technologies as …

Temporal Distribution Of Emotional Experiences Across The School Years, Mikaela Grace Newman

Doctoral Dissertations

Prior research has shown that when, in response to emotion prompts, participants either estimate the likely timing of certain life events for a hypothetical person or provide events from their own lives, a disproportionate number of memories accumulate at particular, relevant ages. Other research has shown that memories of school are important for the self-concept and that these memories tend to have a strong emotional component. Inspired by both lines of work, this research sought to elucidate any strong emotion-school year associations, investigating estimates of hypothetical school year memories and real school year memories. Strong school bumps for pride, excitement, …

Syrup Production And Tree Physiology, David Blakney Moore

Doctoral Dissertations

Maple (Acer spp.) syrup production is a culturally and economically important activity in North America, and other types of trees are economically important (or show potential to become more economically important) for their syrup as well. For both established and novel syrup-producing trees, questions remain about tapping sustainability and the physiological mechanisms that underpin winter-dormant-season stem-pressurization cycles, which create the pressures necessary for sap harvesting. I investigated aspects of tapping sustainability related to two important xylem functions, storage and transport. I measured nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations and radial growth of tapped and untapped sugar maples (Acer saccharum) and found a weak …

Analysis Of The Complex Nmr Lineshape Of Polarized Deuterons, Michael Joseph Mcclellan

Doctoral Dissertations

To determine the spin polarization of deuterons, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is used. This is necessary for polarized targets, such as for the upcoming $A_{zz}$ and $b_{1}$ experiment at Jefferson Lab. These polarized target experiments are expected to discriminate between different models of the deuteron, which in turn could lead to a better understanding of short-range correlations (SRCs). NMR measures the impedance of a solenoid around a deuterated sample. Although the impedance is a complex value, conventionally only the real part of the impedance has been used for this purpose. However, often the tune is not precisely real, meaning the …

Papillary Muscle Rupture: Case Study, Mandy Wu

Bachelor of Science in Diagnostic Ultrasound Projects

This study evaluates how effective echocardiography is in diagnosing papillary muscle rupture and guiding management in patients with suspected acute cardiac complications. This case study describes a 43-year-old autistic male presenting with pneumonia and progressive respiratory distress. Diagnostic evaluation included transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography to assess cardiac function and valvular integrity. Echocardiography confirmed papillary muscle rupture with severe mitral regurgitation. Due to high surgical risk, the patient underwent MitraClip placement as a less invasive intervention. Despite treatment, the patient experienced rapid clinical deterioration and ultimately passed away shortly after intervention. Papillary muscle rupture is a life-threatening condition requiring rapid recognition, …

The Intertemporal Law Doctrine’S Application To The Acquisition Of Colonies In The Americas, Kent Mcneil

All Papers

The intertemporal doctrine provides that international disputes have to be resolved in accordance with the international law that existed at the time the events giving rise to the dispute took place, not at the time the matter is adjudicated.1 It is thought to be impermissible to apply current standards to events that occurred in the past when different legal principles and rules were the norm. This doctrine applies as much to acquisition of colonies as to other international issues.2 So in order to determine whether a European nation acquired sovereignty over an overseas territory, it is necessary to determine and …